Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Method and device for generation of a parametric model associated with a
3D geometry
The present invention relates to generation of a parametric model
associated with a 3D geometry of a component or of an assembly of
components.
It is applicable in modeling of a geometry (Computer Assisted
Design, CAD), in digital control programs for machine tools (Computer Assisted
Manufacture, CAM), in computer assisted engineering programs and in data
management software programs.
In general, the generation of a parametric model associated with a
3D geometry consists in defining a component directly in its final
configuration,
an example being an aircraft wing assembled with the fuselage.
In practice, such a final definition is integrated into an optimization
loop, in the course of which the three key steps of definition, analysis and
modification are repeated a plurality of times.
The essential advantage of CAD software is to permit partial or total
integration of these three steps into a single and unique working environment,
the transition from one step to the next taking place in almost transparent
manner.
Referring now to Fig. 1, there is shown the working environment of a
CAD software program such as that known as Catia, developed by Dassault
Systemes of France and commercialized by IBM. The working environment
such as displayed on a computer screen comprises primarily a specifications
tree 2 and a graphical zone 4. The working environment is supplemented by a
menu bar 6, a standard toolbar 8, a dialog zone 10, a workbench 12 comprising
a contextual tool bar depending on the active workshop, a compass 14
permitting orientation of the current view, an icon 16 representing the active
workshop and a specific or application toolbar 18.
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Specifications tree 2 is a structured graphical representation of the
model being constructed, in this case an aircraft. In the example of Fig. 1,
it is
apparent that the active element designated as Product 1 is being processed,
that the product comprises five principal members designated individually as
"environment" 20A, "fuselage.1" 20B, "wing" 20C, "symmetry wing" 20D and
"tail" 20E, and that a principal member is composed of applications 40 and
control parameters 30.
The tree of the model is expanded by new items as the definition of
the component proceeds.
Selection of an element can be accomplished equally well in either
graphical zone 4 or in specifications tree 2. The specifications tree permits
activation of a contextual menu for the designated object.
Each element of specifications tree 2 can comprise control
parameters 30 and relations (not illustrated) with which the geometry of the
solid or solids can be influenced via the definition of the functions present
in the
specifications tree.
The use of such a CAD software program therefore makes it
possible to employ a digital mockup and jointly to define the product and
certain
processes associated therewith.
Most often, the definition of a 3D geometric model is the object of
several workgroups, generally organized in different places, most often
transnational. As a result, there exists an urgent need for easy and simple
exchange of parametric information.
In practice, parameterization is directly permitted by the native
functionalities of the software tools, especially "CATIA". It is not necessary
to
recompile an application in order to modify the parameter values of a model.
Itf
suffices to use a standard function of the software in order to modify the
parameter. Nevertheless, the software tools present the model in a structural
organization associated with the construction history, or in the form of a
dependence tree.
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As it happens, such a representation is relatively far removed from
the functional approach of the specialized problem related to the design of
the
parametric model.
It is therefore relatively difficult for a non-specialist user of the
software to find a parameter easily if he deesne#nly knows the result that he
hopes to achieve.
The present invention provides a solution to precisely this problem.
Thus it is intended to present the non-specialist user with a
structured parameter editor in a functional approach close to the specialized
problem associated with the design of the component, in order to obtain a
simplified interface for modifying the parameters without the need to modify
the
source code.
It relates to a device for generation of a 3D geometric model of a
component or of an assembly of components, the said model being
represented graphically on a computer screen in the form of a specifications
tree comprising at least one element defined by at least one control
parameter.
According to a general definition of the invention, the generation
device comprises a converter capable of converting the said specifications
tree
into a graphical user interface in which, for at least one active element of
the
said tree, there is associated a dialog box comprising at least one field
associated with at least one control parameter of the said active element, the
adjustment of the said control parameter being modifiable by the user with the
help of a parameter editor, each adjustment of the said control parameter
being
displayed in the corresponding field of the dialog box and automatically
bringing
about the change of the adjustment of the control parameter of the
corresponding active element in the specifications tree.
Thus, by virtue of the dialog box according to the invention, a user
can modify the values of the parameterizable fields of an active element
easily
and directly, without being an information specialist in CAD software. In
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addition, the modification of the parameters via the dialog box brings about
the
corresponding modification in the specifications tree. From this there
results, for
a non-specialist user, great ease and simplicity of access to and modification
of
the control parameters of an active element of a specifications tree of a CAD
software program. In addition, the modification of the parametric architecture
by
virtue of the invention does not necessitate modification of the source code.
According to one embodiment, the graphical interface additionally
comprises a graphical window containing the geometry of the corresponding
active element, the adjustment of the said parameter being displayed visually
in
the said graphical window.
Thus the control parameters generally defined by the specialist in
CAD software and considered as interesting by the non-specialist user can be
directly viewed and modified on the graphical interface and/or the dialog box
according to the invention.
In practice, each element of the specifications tree belongs to the
group formed by terminal nodes and non-terminal nodes.
For example, a display function of the graphical user window type
and a parameter editor are associated with each terminal node.
Analogously, a parameter editor and a plurality of tabs are
associated with each non-terminal node, a sub-node being associated with
each tab.
For example, a graphical window is associated with at least certain
tabs.
According to another embodiment, the parameter editor is
additionally a script editor, in which the script language is, for example, a
markup language of the XML type.
According to yet another embodiment, the generation device
additionally comprises a communication device capable of remote exchange of
values of parameterizable fields for the purpose of making it possible to work
in
collaboration remotely together with other users.
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The present invention also has as an object a method for generation
of a parametric model associated with a 3D geometry of a component or of an
assembly of components, the said model being represented graphically on a
computer screen in the form of a specifications tree comprising at least one
5 element defined by at least one control parameter.
According to another aspect of the invention, the method comprises
the following steps:
- transforming the said specifications tree into a graphical user
interface in which, for at least one active element of the said tree, there is
associated a dialog box comprising at least one field associated with at least
one control parameter of the said active element,
- modifying the adjustment of the said control parameter by the user
with the help of a parameter editor,
- displaying each adjustment of the said control parameter in the
corresponding field of the dialog box, and
- automatically changing the adjustment of the control parameter of
the corresponding active element in the specifications tree.
According to one embodiment, the method additionally comprises
the step in which the adjustment of the said parameter is displayed visually
in a
graphical window.
The present invention also has as an object an information medium
that can be read by an information-processing system, characterized in that it
is
composed of instructions of an information-processing program permitting the
use of the generation method cited in the foregoing, when this program is
loaded and run by an information-processing system.
The present invention also has as an object a removable information
medium that can be read partly or totally by an information-processing system,
characterized in that it is composed of instructions of an information-
processing
program permitting the use of the generation method cited in the foregoing,
when this program is loaded and run by an information-processing system.
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Finally, the present invention has as an object a computer program
stored on an information medium, the said program being composed of
instructions permitting the use of a generation method cited in the foregoing,
when this program is loaded and run by an information-processing system.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become
apparent in the light of the detailed description hereinafter and of the
attached
drawings, wherein:
- Fig. 1, already described, schematically represents the working
environment of a prior art CAD software program;
- Fig. 2 schematically represents the physical resources of a
computer capable of implementing the invention;
- Fig. 3 schematically represents the working environment of Fig. 1,
on which there is overlaid a display of the dialog box according to the
invention
following a request by the user;
- Fig. 4 schematically represents the dialog box of Fig. 3 in isolated
manner;
- Fig. 5 schematically represents the change, with the help of the
dialog box according to the invention, of the value of the adjustment of a
parameter compared with that indicated with reference to Fig. 4; and
- Fig. 6 schematically represents the effect, in the specifications tree,
of the change of the adjustment of the parameter described with reference to
Fig. 5 compared with the tree of Fig. 1 according to the invention.
With reference to Fig. 2, there are represented the physical
resources of a programmable machine 100 capable of implementing the
invention.
Machine 100 is provided with a communications bus 109, to which
there are connected:
- a central processing unit (microprocessor or CPU) 102, which
controls the exchanges between the various elements of the machine;
- a read-only memory (ROM) 101, which can be provided with the
inventive programs (Prog1, Prog2);
- a random-access memory (RAM) 105;
- a hard disk 103, which can be provided with the aforesaid
programs;
- a keyboard 104;
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- a screen 107;
- a floppy disk drive 111 capable of receiving a floppy disk 110 and
reading therefrom or writing thereto documents that have been processed or
that are to be processed according to the invention;
- a communications interface 106 connected to a communications
network 120, such as the Internet, the interface being capable of transmitting
and receiving documents.
Communications bus 109 permits communication and interoperability
between the different elements included in the machine or connected thereto.
The representation of the bus is not limitative and, in particular, the
central unit
is capable of communicating instructions to any element of the machine
directly
or by the agency of another element of the machine.
The executable code of each program that permits the
programmable machine to implement the processing operations according to
the invention can be stored, for example, on hard disk 103 or in read-only
memory 101.
According to an alternative embodiment, floppy disk 110 can contain
documents as well as the executable code of the aforesaid programs, which
code, once read by the machine, is stored on hard disk 103.
According to another alternative embodiment, the executable code of
the programs can be received by the agency of the communications network,
via interface 106, in order to be stored in a manner identical to that
described in
the foregoing.
The floppy disks can be replaced by any information medium such
as a compact disk (CD ROM) or a memory card. In general, an information
storage means that is visible to a computer or microprocessor, that may or may
not be integrated into the machine and that may or may not be removable is
suitable for storage in memory of one or more programs that can be run to
permit implementation of the method according to the invention.
More generally, the program or programs can be loaded into one of
the storage means of the machine before being run.
Central unit 102 controls and directs the execution of instructions or
of portions of the software code of the program or programs according to the
invention, which instructions are stored in hard disk 103 or read only memory
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101, or else in the other storage elements cited in the foregoing. During boot
up, the program or programs that are stored in a non-volatile memory, such as
hard disk 103 or memory ROM 101, are transferred into random access
memory RAM 105, which will then contain the executable code of the program
or programs according to the invention, as well as the registers for storage
in
memory of the variables of the parameters necessary for implementation of the
invention.
It is appropriate to note that the programmable machine containing
the device according to the invention can also be a programmed machine.
This machine then contains the code of the information program or
programs, which may be resident, for example, in an application-specific
integrated circuit (ASIC).
With reference to Fig. 3, there is represented the working
environment of the 3D digital mockup of the aircraft of Fig. 1. Specifications
tree 2 and the graphical representation 4 of the aircraft are also shown.
Upon selection of one of the active elements of the specifications
tree 2, in this case the "fuselage.1" element 20B, and upon activation of the
"edit parameters" button or icon 18A situated in toolbar 18, a second
graphical
interface 50 appears on the microcomputer screen, where it is superposed on
first graphical interface 4.
This graphical interface 50 is a dialog box provided with at least one
part 54 relating to the control parameters and, as the case may be, with a
part
52 relating to the geometry of the corresponding element. Graphical interface
50 comprises a tab 60 for each element of the "fuselage.1" model 20B. Tabs 60
are subdivided into 60A to 60F, for the elements designated as "general view",
"principal member", "cross section", "cockpit", "cylinder" and "tail"
respectively.
In part 54 there is found a list of control parameters 70 associated
with the selected tab, in this case tab 60C corresponding to the "cross
section".
Parameters 70 are subdivided into 70A to 70K. With each parameter
70 there is associated a field 80, the value of which can be modified by the
user
with the help of means for varying the values, such as a scroll bar 82A or a
cursor 82H. Each parameter also comprises a selection button 84.
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Icon 18A is a shortcut via which the control that displays dialog box
50 according to the invention can be launched. This control generates a
parameter editor that represents the model in structured and functional manner
without depending directly on the construction history of the component or on
the specification tree. The parameter editor presents individual fields 80
intended for editing at least some of the parameters 70 of the model. Fields
80
are directly associated with the parameters of the model.
Graphical interface 50 is supplemented by three validation buttons,
designated as "OK" 90A, "Apply" 90B and "Cancel" 90C.
With reference to Fig. 4, the user selects, in part 54 of dialog box 50,
the parameter that he wishes to process, modify and/or view in part 52 of box
50. In the present case, the user selects parameter 70A corresponding to the
height of the fuselage in cross section. The original value entered in
associated
field 80A is 3000 mm in this case. The user views the part of the geometry
that
is affected by parameter 70A in part 52 of the dialog box.
With reference to Fig. 5, the user wishes to modify the value of the
adjustment of parameter 70A compared with the value indicated in Fig. 4. In
the present example, he uses scroll bar 82A to modify the value of the height
(new value = 2000 mm) of the parameter 70A with regard to the cross section
of the fuselage. The effect of the change in the value of the parameter is
shown
substantially in real time (1 to 2 seconds) in graphical window 52.
Selection of validation button 90A (OK) makes it possible
automatically to incorporate the new value of the parameter in the set of
elements of the product.
With reference to Fig. 6, it is observed substantially automatically
that the change in the value of parameter 70A with the help of box 50 as
described with reference to Fig. 5 brings about a corresponding modification
in
specifications tree 2 and in the geometry (in this case a reduction of the
cross
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section of the fuselage) displayed in graphical interface 4, compared with
working environment 2 and 4 described with reference to Fig. 1.
In practice, it is a converter that transforms specifications tree 2 into
a graphical user interface 50, 52, 54 in which, for at least one active
element, in
5 this case active element 20B of the said tree 2 with reference to Figs. 2 to
6,
there is associated a dialog box comprising at least one field 80A associated
with at least one control parameter 70A of the said active element. In
practice,
the converter according to the invention generates a structured parameter
editor that presents fields that can be parameterized by the non-specialist
user
10 in a functional approach close to the specialized problem associated with
the
design of the component.
The adjustment of control parameters 70A can be modified by a non-
specialist user of the CAD software by selecting icon 18A, which launches the
parameter editor according to the invention. In practice, the parameter editor
is
based on native parameter-editing functions available in the CAD software.
According to the invention, the parameter editor organizes and
structures the parameters of the model in dialog box 50 with the help of the
said
native functions.
Each adjustment of the said control parameter is displayed visually in
the corresponding field 80, and it automatically brings about the change of
adjustment of the control parameter of the corresponding active element in
specifications tree 2. Thus a user can modify the value of a parameter easily
and directly via the dialog box.
Graphical window 52 contains the geometry of the corresponding
active element 20B, the adjustment of the said parameter being displayed in
the said graphical window 52, thus permitting the non-specialist user to
verify
visually the effect of the modification of the value of the parameter.
In practice, the converter transforms each active element into a
dialog box according to the chosen editing and conversion rules.
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For example, each element 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E of
specifications tree 2 belongs to the group formed by terminal nodes and non-
terminal nodes. With each terminal node there are associated a visual display
52 of graphical user window type and a parameter editor 18A. With each non-
terminal node there are associated a parameter editor 18A and a plurality of
tabs 60, a sub-node 62 being associated with each tab 60.
In practice, the parameter editor is additionally a script editor, for
example, the script language is a markup language of the XML type.
Thus, by virtue of communications interface 106, it is possible to
exchange the values of parameterizable fields 80 remotely, in the form of XML
files. Such an exchange makes it possible to work in collaboration remotely
with
other users by exchanging small files containing the modifications of
parameters exclusively in the form of texts or scripts.
In practice, the converter has the form of a series of supplementary
software functionalities added to the CAD software by what is known as an "add
on" extension mechanism. This extension is composed physically of a series of
dynamic libraries and resource files that can have the form of a text file,
icons
or CAD software files.
The editing rules can distinguish two categories of control
parameters: the modifiable parameters and the non-modifiable parameters.
The conversion software according to the invention is launched by
opening a 3D model already created by the CAD software, such as Catia
Version V5. The conversion software will make it possible to modify the
parameters of the 3D model easily and directly without needing in-depth
understanding of the CAD software and without causing a modification of the
source code.
