Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Lift installation in a building with at least one transfer storey
The invention relates to a lift installation in a building with at least one
transfer storey. This
invention is defined in the introductory part of the independent patent claim.
Modern lift concepts for buildings with thirty and more storeys have transfer
storeys which
are served by a lift installation. Such a lift installation comprises a group
of at least two
lifts. A first lift directly serves the transfer storeys from an entrance
lobby, i.e. passengers
are coarsely distributed relatively quickly from the entrance lobby by a high-
speed lift to the
different transfer storeys. A second lift carries out fine distribution of the
passengers from
the transfer storeys to the destination storeys thereof.
A lift usually comprises a lift cage, which is vertically movable in a shaft
and receives
passengers in order to transport these to a desired storey of a building. In
order to be able
to look after this task the lift usually has at least the following lift
components: a drive with
a motor and a drive pulley, deflecting rollers, tension means, a counterweight
as well as a
respective pair of guide rails for guidance of a lift cage and a
counterweight.
In that case the motor produces the power required for transport of the
passengers
present in the lift cage. An electric motor usually looks after this function.
This directly or
indirectly drives a drive pulley, which is in friction contact with a tension
means. The
tension means can be a belt or a cable. It serves for suspension as well as
conveying the
lift cage and the counterweight, which both are so suspended that the
gravitational forces
thereof act in opposite direction along the tension means. The resultant
gravitational force
which has to be overcome by the drive, correspondingly substantially reduces.
In addition,
due to the greater contact force of the tension means with the drive pulley a
greater drive
moment can be transmitted by the drive pulley to the tension means. The
tension means
is guided by deflecting rollers.
The optimum utilisation of the shaft volume has ever increasing significance
in lift
construction. Particularly in high-rise buildings with a high degree of
utilisation of the
building a management of the passenger traffic as efficiently as possible for
a given shaft
volume is desired. This objective can be achieved firstly by an optimum space-
saving
arrangement of the lift components, which creates space for larger lift cages,
and secondly
by lift concepts which enable vertical movement of several independent lift
cages in one
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shaft.
EP 1 526 103 shows a lift installation with at least two lifts in a building,
which is divided up
into zones. A zone in that case comprises a defined number of storeys which
are served
by a lift. A zone is allocated to each lift. A transfer storey is provided in
order to go from
one zone to another zone. At least one of the lifts has two lift cages which
are movable
independently of one another vertically one above the other at two cage guide
rails. The
arrangement of two fetch or carry cages is to assist with preventing
unnecessary waiting
times at the transfer storeys.
A lift with at least two lift cages disposed one above the other in the same
shaft is known
from EP 1 489 033. Each lift cage has an own drive and an own counterweight.
The
drives are arranged near first and second shaft walls and the counterweights
are also
respectively suspended below the associated drive at drive or holding cables
near first or
second shaft walls. The axes of the drive pulleys of the drives are disposed
perpendicularly to first and second shaft walls. The two independently movable
lift cages
ensure a high conveying performance. The positioning of the drives in the
shaft near first
or second walls renders a separate engine room superfluous and enables a space-
saving,
compact arrangement of the drive elements in the shaft head.
The object of the present invention is to further increase the conveying
performance of a
lift installation for a given shaft cross-section in a building with zonal
division and at least
one transfer storey.
The above-mentioned object is fulfilled by the invention in accordance with
the definition of
the independent patent claim.
The lift installation according to the invention lies in a building with at
least two lifts,
wherein the building is divided into building zones and each lift has at least
one lift cage.
Each lift cage is movable independently by way of an own drive in an
associated cage
zone. In addition, each cage zone has at least one transfer storey.
A first lift has at least three lift cages which are arranged vertically one
above the other in a
shaft and which comprise a middle and two adjacent lift cages, wherein the
middle lift cage
is independently movable in a middle cage zone and the two adjacent lift cages
are
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independently movable in two adjacent cage zones. The middle cage zone and an
adjacent cage zone in that case serve at least one common storey. In addition,
at least
one of these cage zones is allocated to two building zones.
Thanks to the at least three lift cages, which are movable independently one
above the
other, of a lift the lift installation has a significantly higher conveying
performance. Waiting
times at transfer storeys are thus further reduced and the creation of waiting
loops largely
avoided. In addition, the lift installation has a greater flexibility in the
allocation of journeys,
because the change from one building zone to the next is possible in a classic
lift model
only by way of the transfer storeys. Here, regions of adjacent building zones
can be
reached without transfer by way of a transfer storey. A further advantage of
the lift
installation with such overlapping cage zones is that passengers can transfer
from a
middle cage zone to an adjacent cage zone at any desired storey lying in the
overlap
region of the cage zones. This makes possible a more flexible guidance of the
passengers. In addition, storeys in the overlap region of the cage zones are
served by two
lift cages and thus the conveying performance of the lift installation is
increased.
Advantageously this at least one lift cage of a second lift is a multi-cage
with at least two
cages arranged vertically one above the other. These two cages are associated
with the
same cage zone, since they are physically connected and can thus be moved only
in
common.
The advantage of the lift installation with a double-cage resides in the
doubling of the
available cage volume of a lift cage. Thus, up to twice as many passengers can
be
conveyed by one journey.
Advantageously the multi-cage serves at least two transfer storeys disposed
one above
the other.
The advantage of the lift installation is that in the case of doubling of the
transfer storeys
the waiting times on the respective transfer storeys can be further reduced.
The transfer
storeys have a transfer or waiting space for the transfer. In the case of a
doubled number
of such transfer spaces the transfer takes place substantially free of
conflict and if,
notwithstanding the increased conveying performance waiting times should
nevertheless
occur, the passengers have available twice the volume of waiting space.
Staying in the
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transfer storeys or transfer or waiting spaces is thus more pleasant in every
instance.
Advantageously the at least three cage zones can be allocated to at least two
adjacent
building zones. Equally advantageously the middle cage zone is allocated to a
building
zone and the two adjacent cage zones are each allocated to the same building
zone and
an adjacent upper or lower building zone.
The advantage of the lift installation resides in the flexible passenger
guidance. In the said
form of embodiment it is possible to change from one storey of a building zone
to a storey
of an adjacent building zone without the possible transfer by way of a
transfer storey
having to be taken into account.
Advantageously the at least three drives associated with the lift cages can be
moved past
by the lift cages.
The lift installation has the advantage that the drives can be arranged in
space-saving and
flexible manner in the shaft without coming into conflict with the lift cages.
Advantageously the at least three drives (Al) associated with the lift cages
are positioned
at a first shaft wall or a second, opposite shaft wall.
The advantage of the lift installation resides in the position of the drives
between lift cages
and first and second shaft walls. Space in the shaft head or shaft pit, where
the drives are
usually arranged, can thereby be saved.
Advantageously the drive of the middle lift cage is positioned at the first
shaft wall and the
two drives of the adjacent lift cages are positioned at the opposite, second
shaft wall.
The advantage of the lift installation resides in the flexible and simple
positioning of
however many drives and the associated lift cages in the same shaft. In a
conventional
arrangement of the drives in the shaft head, thereagainst, the number of
drives which can
be installed is limited by the space available in the shaft head. Equally, a
guidance of the
tension elements free of conflict in such a conventional arrangement of the
drives in the
shaft head is subject to close limits.
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The invention is clarified and further described in detail in the following by
examples of
embodiment and drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of an arrangement of a lift of a lift
installation
with three lift cages, three drives, three drive pulleys, three tension means
and several deflecting rollers;
Fig. 2 shows a schematic plan view of an arrangement of the lift of a lift
installation according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows a schematic plan view of an optional arrangement of a lift of a
lift
installation according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 shows a side view of an arrangement of the drives on cross members;
Fig. 5 shows a schematic side view of a lift installation according to the
invention
in a building with two building zones,
Fig. 6 shows a schematic side view of a lift installation according to the
invention
in a building with four building zones;
Fig. 7 shows a schematic side view of a lift installation with alternative
arrangement in a building with three building zones; and
Fig. 8 shows a schematic side view of a lift installation with alternative
arrangement in a building with seven building zones.
The shaft is a space which is defined by six boundary planes and in which one
or more lift
cages are moved along a travel path. Usually four shaft walls, a ceiling and a
floor form
these six boundary planes. This definition of a shaft can be extended in the
manner that
several travel paths, along each of which one or more lift cages are movable,
can also be
arranged in a shaft horizontally adjacent to one another.
Figure 1 shows a lift with at least three lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c which each
have an own drive
Al, A2, A3 and are movable independently of one another in vertical direction.
In that
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case a middle lift cage 7a is arranged between two adjacent lift cages 7b, 7c,
which are
disposed respectively below and above the middle lift cage 7a.
The associated drives Al, A2, A3 are positioned laterally at first and second
shaft walls.
The first and second shaft walls are those mutually opposite shaft walls not
having shaft
doors. The drive Al of the middle lift cage 7a is positioned at the first
shaft wall and the
two drives A2, A3 of the adjacent lift cages 7b, 7c are positioned at the
opposite second
shaft wall. In that case the drives Al, A2, A3 are positioned in alternation
on opposite
shaft walls. Additional drives (not shown) of further lift cages are
alternately arranged at
first and second shaft walls in correspondence with the alternating ordering
of the drives.
The drives Al, A2, A3 are positioned in Fig. 1 at three different shaft
heights, wherein the
drives A2, A3 of adjacent lift cages 7b, 7c are positioned above or below the
drive Al of
the middle lift cage 7a. As a rule the distance in vertical direction between
a middle drive
Al and an adjacent drive A2, A3 is at least one cage height.
It is, however, also possible to position two drives at the same shaft height.
For example,
the drive Al of the middle lift cage 7a can be arranged on a first shaft wall
and the drive A3
of the adjacent, upper lift cage 7c on the opposite, second shaft wall at the
same shaft
height. The advantage of this arrangement resides in the simple maintenance of
the two
drives Al, A3. These can, in particular, be maintained from a common platform.
A drive Al, A2, A3 has a respective motor Ml, M2, M3 and a respective drive
pulley la,
1 b, 1 c. The motor M1, M2, M3 is disposed in operative contact with the drive
pulley 1 a,
1 b, 1 c and drives the tension means Zl, Z2, Z3 by means of this drive pulley
1 a, 1 b, 1 c.
The drive pulley la, lb, 1c is so designed that it is suitable for receiving
one or more
tension means Z1, Z2, D. The tension means Zl, Z2, Z3 are preferably belts,
such as
wedge-ribbed belts with ribs at one side which engage in one or more
depressions at the
drive pulley side. Belt variants such as smooth belts and belts toothed on one
side or both
sides with corresponding drive pulleys la, 1b, lc are equally usable. In
addition, different
kinds of cables such as single cables, double cables or multiple cables are
also usable.
The tension means Zl, Z2, Z3 comprise strands of steel wire or aramide or
Vectran.
The at least three lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c and three counterweights 12a, 12b,
12c are
suspended at the tension means Zl, Z2, Z3 in block-and-tackle manner. In that
case the
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lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c have at least one first and at least one second
deflecting roller 2a, 2b,
2c, 3a, 3b, 3c which are fastened in the lower region of the lift cages 7a,
7b, 7c. These
deflecting rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c have, at the outer circumference,
one or more
grooves which are such that they can receive one or more tension means Z1, Z2,
Z3. The
deflecting rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c are thus suitable for the guidance
of tension means
Z1, Z2, Z3 and are brought into contact with the latter. A lift cage 7a, 7b,
7c is thus
preferably suspended as a lower block-and-tackle.
In an optional form of embodiment the deflecting rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b,
3c are disposed
in the upper region of the lift cage 7a, 7b, 7c. In correspondence with the
above
description, the lift cage 7a, 7b, 7c is then suspended as an upper block-and-
tackle.
Disposed in the upper region of the counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c is a third
deflecting roller
4a, 4b, 4c, which is similarly suitable, analogously to the deflecting rollers
2a, 2b, 2c, 3a,
3b, 3c, to receive one or more tension means Z1, Z2, Z3. Correspondingly, the
counterweight 12a, 12b, 12c is preferably suspended at the third deflecting
roller 4a, 4b,
4c as an upper block-and-tackle below the associated drive Al, A2, A3.
The tension means Z1, Z2, Z3 is led from a first fixing point 5a, 5b, 5c to a
second fixing
point 6a, 6b, 6c via first, second and third deflecting rollers 2a, 2b, 2c,
3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b,
4c and the drive pulley 1 a, 1 b, 1 c from a first shaft wall to the second
shaft wall. The first
fixing point 5a, 5b, 5c is in that case disposed opposite the associated drive
Al, A2, A3 at
approximately the same shaft height in the vicinity of a first or second shaft
wall. The
second fixing point 6a, 6b, 6c is disposed in the vicinity of the associated
drive Al, A2, A3
on an opposite second or first shaft wall.
The tension means Z1, Z2, Z3 runs from the first fixing point 5a, 5b, 5c along
a first or
second shaft wall downwardly to the second deflecting roller 3a, 3b, 3c, loops
around this
from the outside to the inside at an angle of approximately 90 and leads to
the first
deflecting roller 2a, 2b, 2c. The tension means Zl, Z2, Z3 loops around this
first deflecting
roller 2a, 2b, 2c from the inside to the outside again through approximately
90 and is
thereafter led along the lift cage 7a, 7b, 7c upwardly to the drive pulley la,
1b, lc and
loops around this from the inside to the outside through approximately 150 .
Depending
on the setting of the optional setting pulley 13a, 13b, 13c the looping angle
can be set in a
range of 90 to 1800. The tension means Zl, Z2, Z3 is thereafter led along a
second or first
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shaft wall downwardly to the third deflecting pulley 4a, 4b, 4c, loops around
this from the
outside to the inside through approximately 1800 and is again led along a
second or first
shaft wall upwardly to the second fixing point 6a, 6b, 6c.
As mentioned above, a setting pulley 13a, 13b, 13c is an optional component of
the drive
Al, A2, A3. With this setting pulley 13a, 13b, 13c the looping angle of the
tension means
Zl, Z2, Z3 at the drive pulley 1 a, lb, lc can be set, or increased or
reduced, in order to
transmit the desired traction forces from the drive pulley la, 1 b, 1 c to the
tension means
Al, A2, A3. Depending on the respective spacing of the setting pulley 13a,
13b, 13c from
the drive pulley 1 a, 1 b, 1 c the spacing of the tension means Z1, Z2, Z3
from the drive Al,
A2, A3, from the counterweight 12a, 12b, 12c or from the lift cage 7a, 7b, 7c
can
additionally be set. A conflict-free guidance of the tension means Zl, Z2, Z3
in the shaft
between the drive pulley la, 1 b, 1 c and the first deflecting roller 2a, 2b,
2c is thus
guaranteed.
A lift cage 7a, 7b, 7c as well as the respectively associated drives Al, A2,
A3, drive pulleys
1 a, 1 b, 1 c, deflecting rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c, optional
setting pulleys 13a,
13b, 13c, counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c, tension means Z1, Z2, Z3 and fixing
points 5a,
5b, 5c, 6a, 6b, 6c form a lift unit. Consequently, Fig. 1 shows a lift which
has three lift
units, which in turn forms a triple group 14.
Proceeding from the middle lift unit with the lift cage 7a, the adjacent lower
lift unit with the
lift cage 7b and an adjacent upper lift unit with lift cage 7c are
respectively arranged in
mirror image with respect to the middle one. The drives Al, A2, A3 of the lift
units thus lie
on mutually opposite first or second shaft walls and the associated drive
pulleys la, 1b, 1c,
deflecting rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c, setting pulleys 13a,
13b, 13c,
counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c, tension means Zl, Z2, Z3 and fixing points 5a,
5b, 5c, 6a,
6b, 6c of adjacent lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c are also arranged in mirror image.
This rule of
mirror-image arrangement of middle and adjacent lift units applies to any
desired number
of lift units installed in a shaft.
A further characteristic of the arrangement of the lift units is that the
associated drives Al,
A2, A3 and first fixing points 5a, 5b, 5c are positioned at approximately the
same height at
opposite first and second shaft walls. The shaft height predetermined by the
fixing points
5a, 5b, 5c and drives Al, A2, A3 is also at the same time the highest point
which an
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associated lift cage 7a, 7b, 7c can reach, since the tension means in the
illustrated form of
embodiment cannot raise a suspension point of a lift cage 7a, 7b, 7c above the
height of
the drive pulley 1a, 1b, 1c. The positioning of the drives Al, A2, A3 and
first fixing points
5a, 5b, 5c of the middle and adjacent lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c is usually carried
out at different
shaft heights. The lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c can thus reach only different maximum
shaft
heights. Correspondingly, the middle and the adjacent lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c
are allocated
to different cage zones in which the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c are movable.
The cage zones K1, K2, K3 allocated to the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c are evident
in Fig. 1. It is
apparent therefrom that the shaft height of a drive Al, A2, A3 in the afore-
described
configuration predetermines the maximum shaft height of such a cage zone K1,
K2, K3.
The minimum shaft height of a cage zone K1, K2, K3, thereagainst, is defined
by the drive
Al, A2, A3 of the next-but-one lift unit disposed thereunder. In the
illustrated example of
embodiment the counterweight 12c of the adjacent upper lift cage 7c and the
drive A2 of
the next-but-one adjacent lower lift cage 7b disposed thereunder is disposed,
due to the
mirror-image construction of middle and adjacent lift units, on the same first
or second
shaft wall. The deepest shaft height reachable by the counterweight 12c is
thus limited by
the drive A2 disposed thereunder on the same shaft wall. The travel range of
the
counterweight 12c between drive A2 and the drive A3 thus defines, for
simultaneous 2:1
suspension of the associated lift cage 7c and counterweight 12c, the cage zone
K3 of the
lift cage 7c.
If use is made of this teaching for the triple group 14, partly overlapping
cage zones K1,
K2, K3 result, wherein only middle and adjacent cage zones K1, K2, K3 overlap.
In a high-
rise building with several triple groups 14 arranged one above the other all
storeys
disposed in a middle cage zone K1 are thus served by two lift cages.
According to Fig. 2 the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c are guided by two cage guide
rails 10.1, 10.2.
The two cage guide rails 10.1, 10.2 form a connecting plane V which extends in
each
instance approximately through the centre of gravity S of the two lift cages
7a, 7b, 7c. In
the illustrated form of embodiment the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c are suspended
eccentrically.
Here only the arrangement of two lift units arranged directly one above the
other is shown.
However, it is clear to the expert that the arrangement for further pairs of
lift units arranged
directly one above the other takes place analogously thereto.
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The tension means Zl, Z2, Z3 and the associated guide means, such as
deflecting rollers
2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c and drive pulleys la, 1 b, 1 c, in this
suspension
arrangement lie on one side of the connecting plane V, wherein the deflecting
rollers 4a,
4b, 4c are, for the sake of clarity, not illustrated in Fig. 2, i.e. all afore-
mentioned
components associated with a lift cage 7a, 7b, 7c lie either between third
shaft walls and
the connecting plane V or between fourth shaft walls and the connecting plane
V. Third or
fourth shaft walls denote shaft walls which have at least one shaft door 9 and
opposite
shaft walls. The spacing y of the tension means Z1, Z2, Z3 and the connecting
plane V is
advantageously approximately the same. The tension means Z1, Z2, Z3 of a lift
cage 7a,
7b, 7c lie alternately on one or the other side of the connecting plane V.
Thus, the
moments produced by the eccentric suspension of the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c have
opposite
effect. In the case of the same rated load of the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c and in
the case of an
even number of the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c the moments acting on the guide rails
10.1, 10.2
significantly rise.
The counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c are guided by two counterweight guide rails
11a.1,
11 a.2, 11 b. 1, 11 b.2. The counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c are positioned at
opposite shaft
walls between the cage guide rails 10.1, 10.2 and first or second shaft walls.
Advantageously, the counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c are suspended at their centre
of gravity
at the tension means Z1, Z2, D. Since the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c are
eccentrically
suspended, the counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c are laterally offset in the
vicinity of third and
fourth shaft walls.
The axes of rotation of the drive pulleys 1a, 1b, lc and of the deflecting
rollers 2a, 2b, 2c,
3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c lie parallel to the first or second shaft walls. In the
illustrated
embodiment the afore-mentioned components are of the form that they can accept
four
parallelly extending tension means Z1, Z2, Z3, guide these or, in the case of
the drive
pulley la, lb, 1c, also drive these. In order to be able to receive the
tension means Z1,
Z2, Z3 the deflecting rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c and drive
pulleys 1 a, 1 b, 1 c
have four specially constructed contact surfaces, which in the case of cables
are designed,
for example, as grooves or in the case of belts, for example, also as dished
surfaces or
toothing or, in the case of a contact surface of flat construction, are
provided with guide
shoulders. These four contact surfaces can be formed either on a common roller-
shaped
base body or respectively on four individual rollers with a common axis of
rotation.
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With knowledge of this form of embodiment numerous possibiiities of variation
according
to the respective objective are available to the expert. Thus, this can
arrange one to four
or more individual rollers with or without a spacing relative to one another
on one axis of
rotation. In that case each roller can accept, depending on the respective
design, one to
four or, in the case of need, even more tension means Z1, Z2, Z3.
In normal operation of the lift the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c are placed at a
storey stop flushly
with the storey and the cage doors 8 are opened together with the shaft doors
9 so as to
enable transfer of passengers from the storey to the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c and
conversely.
Fig. 3 shows an alternative suspension arrangement with centrally suspended
lift cages
7a, 7b, 7c. Here only the arrangement of two lift units arranged directly one
above the
other is shown. However, it will be clear to the expert that the arrangement
for further
pairs of lift units arranged directly one above the other takes place
analogously thereto.
In that case the tension means Z1, Z2, Z3 are led from the deflecting rollers
and drive
pulleys la, 1b, 1c on both sides of the connecting plane V. Advantageously,
the
suspension is then arranged symmetrically with respect to the connecting plane
V. Since
in this case the suspension centre of gravity substantially coincides with the
centre of
gravity S of the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c no additional moments act on the cage
guide rails
10.1, 10.2.
In this central suspension of the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c the associated
deflecting rollers 2a.1,
2a.2, 2b.1, 2b.2, 3a. 1, 3a.2, 3b. 1, 3b.2 and drive pulleys 1 a. 1, 1 a.2, 1
b. 1, 1 b.2 consist of at
least two rollers arranged on the left and right of the connecting plane V.
The deflecting
rollers 4a, 4b, 4c of the counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c similarly consist of
two rollers
arranged on the left and the right of the connecting plane V, but for the sake
of clarity not
illustrated in Fig. 3. In the present example the deflecting rollers 2a.1,
2a.2, 3a.1, 3a.2 and
the drive pulleys 1a.1, 1a.2, which are associated with the middle lift cage
7a, lie at a first
spacing x from the connecting plane V and the deflecting rollers 2b.1, 2b.2,
3b.1, 3b.2 and
the drive pulley 1 b, which are associated with the adjacent lower lift cage
7b, at a second
spacing X from the connecting plane V, wherein the first spacing x is smaller
than the
second spacing X. A conflict-free guidance of the tension means Z1, Z2, Z3 in
the case of
central suspension of the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c is thereby guaranteed.
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Here, too, the counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c are advantageously suspended at
their centre
of gravity S at the tension means Z1, Z2, Z3 between the cage guide rails
10.1, 10.2 and
first or second shaft walls. Since the lift cages 7a, 7b, 7c are now centrally
suspended, the
counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c also lie in a central region of the first and
second shaft walls.
Thanks to this central position of the counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c the free
space between
the lateral ends of the counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c and third and fourth
shaft walls
increases. Design freedom for the counterweights 12a, 12b, 12c is thereby
gained. Thus,
for example, a narrower and wider counterweight 12a, 12b, 12c can be used in
order to
better utilise the space. For a given shaft cross-section, the lift cage 7a,
7b, 7c gains width
or, for a given cage size, the shaft cross-section can be reduced.
The centric and eccentric suspension variants, which are shown in Figs. 2 and
3, can be
combined as desired with the following examples of Figs. 5 and 6.
As shown in Fig. 4, the drive Al has a motor Ml, preferably an electric motor,
a drive
pulley la and optionally a setting pulley 13a by which the looping angle of
the tension
means Z1 about the drive pulley la and the horizontal spacing of the tension
means Zl
from the drive Al to the lift cage 7a or counterweight 12a can be set.
The motor Ml lies vertically above the drive pulley la. Thanks to this
arrangement the
drive can be positioned in the clear projection of the counterweights 12a
between the lift
cages 7a and first and second shaft walls. The drives Al can thereby be moved
past by
the lift cages 7a and can thus be mounted in an otherwise unneeded space of
the shaft.
By comparison with conventional lifts without an engine room there is thereby
obtained
space in the shaft head and/or in the shaft pit.
According to Fig. 4 the drive Al is fixed on a cross member 19, which is
fastened to a
cage guide rail 10.1 and/or to the counterweight guide rails 1 1a.1, 11 a.2.
There can be
further seen in Fig. 4 the third deflecting roller 4a, at which the
counterweight 12a is
suspended, and in the background the lift cage 7a. The example shown here is
in mirror
image with respect to the connecting plane V by comparison with the
arrangement of Fig.
2.
The drives Al can also be optionally fixed directly on the shaft walls and in
that case the
cross members 19 are saved.
CA 02615383 2007-12-20
13
Fig. 5 shows a lift installation for a building with zonal division. A
building zone G1, G2 is
composed of several storeys of the building arranged vertically one above the
other. In
that case at least one of these storeys of a building zone G1, G2 is a so-
termed transfer
storey U1, U2. It is usual to go from one building zone G1 to another building
zone G2 by
means of a feeder lift which stops only at the transfer storeys. Here this
feeder lift is
designed as a high-speed lift. The number of remaining storeys which are
allocated to a
building zone G1, G2 is defined by those storeys which are served by a take-
away lift 14.1,
14.2. This take-away lift 14.1, 14.2 undertakes fine distribution of the
passengers from the
transfer storeys U1, U2 to the destination storeys thereof. In the illustrated
example a
certain number of storeys which are served by two take-away lifts 14.1, 14.2
of adjacent
building zones G1, G2 is provided in the edge region of two adjacent building
zones G1,
G2. The boundary of the building zones G1, G2 is fixed by the centre of this
edge zone.
The building is here divided into two building zones G1, G2. Allocated to each
of these
building zones G1, G2 is a triple group 14.1, 14.2. The lift installation
further comprises
two lifts which are arranged in two shafts 15.1, 15.2. Disposed in the first
shaft 15.1 are
two triple groups 14.1, 14.2, which are arranged vertically one above the
other, with six lift
units and the associated six cage zones K1.1, K1.2, K1.3, K2.1, K2.2, K2.3.
A high-performance lift which exclusively serves transfer storeys U1.2, U1.1,
U2.1, U2.2 is
moved in the second lift shaft 15.2. This high-performance lift is, in the
illustrated
example, a double-decker lift with two fixedly connected cages which are
arranged
vertically one above the other and movable in common in the shaft 15. These
double-
decker cages serve two transfer storeys U1.2, U1.1, U2.1, U2.2 arranged
directly one
above the other.
A primary task of the two triple groups 14.1, 14.2 is the transport of
passengers from the
transfer storeys U1.1, U1.2, U2.1, U2.2 to the destination storeys of the
corresponding
building zone G1, G2 and back again. The triple groups 14.1, 14.2, however,
also ensure
transport within the respective building zone G1, G2 as well as to a region of
the adjoining
building zone G1, G2.
Accordingly, the first cage K3.1 of the first triple group 14.1 and the
lowermost cage zone
K2.2 of the second triple group 14.2, which both lie at the boundary of the
cage zones G1,
CA 02615383 2007-12-20
14
G2, each have a region of storeys which respectively lies in the adjoining
building zone
G1, G2. It is now possible within one of the said cage zones K3.1, K2.2 to
reach storeys
of the respective adjoining building zone G1, G2. This offers, apart from the
classic
change of building zones G1, G2 via a transfer storey U1.1, U1.2, U2.1, U2.2,
additional
possibilities in order to pass from one building zone G1, G2 to another,
adjoining building
zone G1, G2. Thanks to this arrangement, which extends over building zones, of
the triple
groups 14.1, 14.2 the lift installation is distinguished by a flexible
allocation of journeys.
Each cage zone K1.1, K1.2, K1.3, K2.1, K2.2, K2.3 in each building zone G1, G2
has at
least one transfer storey U1.2, U1.1, U2.1, U2.2. The following arrangement,
by way of
example, results in the upper building zone G2: the transfer storeys U2.1,
U2.2 of the
double-decker lift lie in a central region of the building zone G2, the lower
transfer storey
U2.2 is served by the lower cage of the double-decker cage and the middle and
lower
adjacent lift cage of the triple group 14.1 and the upper transfer storey U2.1
is served
correspondingly by the upper cage of the double-decker cage and the middle and
upper
adjacent lift cage of the triple group 14.2. Thus, passengers whose
destination storey lies
in the middle cage zone K1.2 always have available two lift cages of the
triple group 14.2
for onward travel.
The adjacent cage zones K2.2, K3.2 preferably each contain half the storeys of
a building
zone G2. Towards the top the upper cage zone K3.2 is bounded by the end of the
cage
zone G2. The lower cage zone K2.2, thereagainst, extends beyond the lower end
of the
building zone G2 into the building zone G1 and is bounded downwardly by the
middle
cage zone K1.1 of the building zone G1 or by the associated drive.
The middle cage zone K1.2 has at least two storeys, which correspond with the
transfer
storeys. Preferably, however, the middle cage zone K1.2 extends over as many
storeys
as possible of the building zone G2. Towards the top the middle cage zone K1.2
is
bounded by the lift cage of the upper adjacent cage zone K3.2, because the
lift cage of the
middle cage zone K1.2 cannot, due to the vertical stacking of the lift cages
of a triple group
14.2, move past the upper adjacent lift cage. The lower boundary of the middle
cage zone
K1.2 results from the position of the drive which is associated with the next-
but-one lift
cage disposed thereunder. This drive is allocated to the upper cage zone K3.1
of the
lower triple group 14.1. In the case of minimum size of the middle cage zone
K1.2 of two
storeys the middle lift cage of the triple group 14.2 takes over for the
building zone G2 the
CA 02615383 2007-12-20
function of an escalator 16, in that it transports passengers from the upper
transfer storey
U2.1 to the lower transfer storey U2.2 and conversely.
The lower triple group 14.1 and the associated cage zones K1.1, K2.1, K3.1 are
arranged
in point symmetrical manner with respect to the upper triple group 14.2,
wherein the point
of symmetry lies in the centre of the shaft 15.1 at a shaft height
corresponding with the
boundary line between the building zones G1, G2. Correspondingly, the transfer
storeys
U1.1, U1.2 also lie in a middle region of the building zone G1. The middle
cage zone K1.1
serves both transfer storeys U1.1, U1.2 as well as further storeys of the
building zone G1.
The said cage zone K1.1 is bounded at the top by its associated drive and at
the bottom
by the lower adjacent lift cage. The upper adjacent cage zone K3.1 is
arranged,
analogously to the lower cage zone K2.2 of the upper building zone G2, to
extend over
building zones. The cage zone K3.1 extends from its associated drive
downwardly to the
drive of the next-but-one lift cage which is disposed in thereunder and which
serves the
storeys in the cage zone K2.1. This lower adjacent cage zone K2.1 adjoins at
the top, as
stated, the upper adjacent cage zone K3.1 and at the bottom the lower end of
the building
zone K1.
The two transfer storeys U1.1, U1.2 of the lower building zone G1 are
connected by an
escalator 16. The escalators are often used in building lobbies. The building
lobbies are
storeys in which the passengers enter the building and also leave again and
are
accordingly frequented by numerous passengers. If, for example, the lower
transfer storey
U1.2 is now a building lobby, the inflowing passengers now pass, in the case
of need,
rapidly to the upper transfer storey U1.1 thanks to the high conveying
performance of the
roller escalator 16 or pass, when leaving the building, rapidly from this back
to the building
lobby. Depending on the respective kind and position of the building the
building lobby
can in principle lie on any storey of the building. The building lobby is in
that case usually
served by at least one high-speed lift of the second shaft 15.2.
The example shown in Fig. 5 is continuously served by two lift cages of the
triple groups
arranged vertically one above the other in the first shaft 15.1. An exception
is formed
solely by the uppermost and the lowermost storey of the building. These two
storeys are
served only by the lift cage of the uppermost and lowermost cage zone K2.1,
K3.2. This is
a substantial advantage by comparison with a classic lift installation with
triple groups 14.1,
14.2 allocated exclusively to a building zone G1, G2, because in such classic
lift
CA 02615383 2007-12-20
16
installations there are in each instance two boundary storeys, which are
served by only
one lift cage, per building zone G1, G2. Thus, the described lift installation
has a
particularly high conveying performance.
Fig. 6 shows a building with a lift installation which is configured according
to the example
of Fig. 4. The building here has, however, two additional building zones G3,
G4 with two
associated triple groups 14.3, 14.4. These two triple groups 14.3, 14.4 have
six lift cabins,
which are movable in six associated cage zones K1.3, K2.3, K3.3, K1.4, K2.4,
K3.4. In
addition, two respective transfer storeys U3. 1, U3.2, U4. 1, U4.2 are
associated with each
of the two additional building zones G3, G4. According to this example, any
number of
triple groups 14 can be arranged in a shaft 15.1 vertically one above the
other depending
on the respective building height or number of storeys which form a building
zone G1, G2,
G3, G4.
Fig. 7 describes the lift installation in a building with three building zones
G1, G2, G3 and
two shafts 15.1, 15.2. Arranged in a first shaft 15.1 one above the other are
five lift units
with corresponding lift cages 17.1-5, which are independently movable in five
cage zones
K1.1, K1/2, K1.2, K2/3, K3.1. The three building zones G1, G2, G3 each have
two transfer
storeys U1.1, U1.2, U2.1, U2.2, U3.1, U3.2 which are each disposed in a middle
region of
the associated building zones G1, G2, G3.
The lowermost lift cage 17.1, the next-but-one lift cage 17.3 disposed
thereabove and the
uppermost lift cage 17.5 define each time three associated cage zones K1.1,
K1.2, K1.3,
which substantially correspond with the three associated building zones G1,
G2, G3. Two
further lift cages 17.2, 17.4 are disposed between these three lift cages
17.1, 17.3, 17.5.
These two lift cages 17.2, 17.4 are movable in two associated cage zones K1/2,
K2/3.
These two cage zones K1/2, K2/3 are arranged to extend over building zones. In
the
lowermost building zone G1 an escalator 16 transports passengers between the
two
transfer storeys U 1.1, U 1.2.
Fig. 8 shows a lift installation with a building zone division and cage zone
division as in the
example of Fig. 7. The building has four additional building zones G4, G5, G6,
G7 with
associated transfer storeys U4.1, U4.2, U5.1, U5.2, U6.1, U6.2, U7.1, U7.2 and
four cage
zones K1.4, K1.5, K1.6, K1.7 with corresponding lift cages 17.7, 17.9, 17.11,
17.13, which
exclusively serve storeys of associated building zones G4, G5, G6, G7. Added
thereto are
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17
four cage zones K3/4, K4/5, K5/6, K6/7 with corresponding lift cages 17.6,
17.8, 17.10,
17.12, which are arranged to extend over the building.
The invention is not restricted only to the illustrated forms of embodiment.
With knowledge
of the invention it is obvious to the expert to optimise different parameters
for specific
forms of building. Instead of a double-decker cage it is also possible for
several or
individual single cages or multi-cages, which have more than two cages
connected
together, to be moved in a second shaft 15.2. In addition, the number of
storeys allocated
to a building zone G is freely selectable. The building zones G also do not
need to have
the same number of storeys, but the number can vary from building zone to
building zone.
It is also not always necessary for only triple groups 14 to be assigned to a
building zone
G. Thus, quadruple, quintuple or sextuple groups, etc., can also be assigned
to the
building zones G. The cabin zones do not have to be symmetrically constructed,
for
example, within a triple group. Depending on the position of the drives and
the transfer
storeys these cage zones K are freely adaptable to the specific building
conditions.
Finally, the transfer storeys U can also be freely arranged with respect to
number and
position in a building zone G in dependence on cage zones K or number of cages
of a
multi-cage.
The following simple calculation shows that thanks to the invention a
significant increase in
conveying performance can be achieved. For a building zone G2 with, for
example, twelve
storeys, according to the state of the art two lift cages each serve eleven
storeys, i.e. each
lift cage has per storey a transport coefficient of 1/11 weighted by the
number of storeys to
be served, which coefficient represents a measure for the conveying
performance of the lift
cage in a specific storey. This gives for the two boundary storeys, which are
each served
only by one lift cage, a transport coefficient each of 1/11 and, for a central
region of eight
storeys where the two cage zones overlap, a transport coefficient of 2/11.
According to the example of Fig. 6 the following calculation results for a
middle building
zone G3: each lift cage moved in the building zone G3 has an associated cage
zone which
embraces eight storeys. Since each storey of the building zone G3 is served by
two lift
cages, there results a continuous transport coefficient of 2/8 or 1/4. The
conveying
performance thus lies significantly above the values of a comparable lift
installation
according to the state of the art.
CA 02615383 2007-12-20
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In the second arrangement, which is shown in Fig. 8, of the lift installation
the transport
coefficient for storeys of a middle building zone G4 is calculated according
to similar
considerations as before. Each lift cage moved in the building zone G4 has an
associated
cage zone embracing twelve storeys. In this case as well each storey of the
building zone
G4 is served by two lift cages. Thus, a transport coefficient of 2/12 results
for each storey
of the building zone G4. In the case of serving of the middle storeys at
approximately the
same frequency, the boundary storeys in this example can be served
significantly more
frequently than in the case of a lift installation according to the state of
the art.
