Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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PROCESS FOR MAKING NON-UNIFORM PATTERNS OF MULTIPHASE
COMPOSITIONS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for making non-uniform patterns in
personal
care compositions with multiple visually distinct phases.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In an increasingly competitive commercial market, it is becoming more and more
difficult for manufacturers to distinguish products from those of their
competitors. Therefore, it
is desirable for products not'only to appear aesthetically pleasing to
consumers, but also for the
products to have a substantially unique appearance from other products in the
same market.
In the case of compositions having multiple visually distinct phases, various
attempts
have been made to create such compositions and to improve known processes for
their creation.
Processes and apparatuses are known which allow compositions having two or
more visually
distinct phases to be filled with a spiral configuration into a single
container. Each phase may
have completely different chemical and physical properties, and each product
may have a
different function and purpose. Alternately, the visually distinct phases may
be substantially the
same compositions with only differences in color or texture. Known processes
for filling one or
more compositions, having two or more visually distinct phases, result uniform
patterns.
An attempt at filling spiral compositions involves providing at least two
compounds,
arranged in separate storage bins each having a pump and a hose attached
thereto; rotating a
container, for receiving a resulting product formed by the at least two
compositions, into
position relative to a support and alignment funnel. Then the compounds are
pumped through
the respective hoses into a nozzle assembly having at least two nozzles for
filling the container.
Subsequently, predetermined amounts of each of the at least two compositions
are combined for
creating the resulting product housed in a single container, wherein the
resulting product has the
at least two compositions formed in a spiral configuration.
A drawback of each of the aforementioned processes is that none of them
provide a
means for filling. personal care compositions having non-uniform patterns into
a container. It is
desirable, especially for commercial products, to have the latitude of
exhibiting as many designs
as possible by implementing an economical and efficient process. Therefore,
there is a need for
a method of filling personal care compositions having non-uniform patterns
into a container.
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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for making non-uniformed patterned
multi-
phase liquid compositions that comprise at least two visually distinct liquid
phases. The process
comprises the steps of:
a) placing a plurality of liquid phases in separate vessels equipped with
means for
transferring said phases from said vessels;
b) transferring predetermined amounts of each selected liquid phase from its
respective vessel into a combiner;
c) combining said liquid phases together to produce a multi-phase liquid
composition
having predetermined ratios of one phase to another wherein said phases of the
liquid composition are visually distinct from one another; and
d) transferring said multi-phase liquid phase composition through a dispensing
means
to an individual product container; wherein said individual product container
enters
a bottle holding device, therein securing said container to a rotating
platform
wherein said container is rotated using said rotating platform during transfer
of said
composition into said container, wherein said dispensing means has an initial
fill
rate, said holding device has an initial speed of rotation, and wherein said
holding
device has an initial direction of rotation; and
e) changing an element selected from the group consisting of said initial
direction of
rotation, said initial speed of rotation, said fill rate of said dispensing
means, and
mixtures thereof, independently from the geometry of said container.
According to one embodiment, during filling, the direction of rotation of the
container,
the speed of rotation, or the fill rate changes from one speed to another to
create non-uniform
patterns. For example, during filling, the direction of rotation may be
changed once or multiple
times during filling to achieve a non-uniform pattern. The direction of
rotation could oscillate in
some embodiments, back and forth to achieve a desirable pattern. Additionally,
during filling, the
speed of rotation may be changed, for example, from 2 rpm to 40 rpm or the
fill rate may be
changed from 100 ml/s to 20 ml/s. Alternately, both the fill rate and the
speed of rotation may be
changed in order to create non-uniform patterns. Generally, the fill rate is
greater than 0 ml/s
from the time between the commencement of filling until filling is completed.
Therefore,
cessation of filling is not considered to be a "change in fill rate" according
to this invention. It
has been discovered that changes in the direction of rotation, speed of
rotation of the container or
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changes in fill rate, during filling, enables a wide variety of designs and
patterns to be created in
the composition.
In one embodiment, the visually distinct phases only differ in color, texture,
or mixtures
thereof. Differences in color may include entirely different colors (i.e., a
red phase and a blue
phase) or differences in color shades (i.e., a royal blue phase and a light
blue phase). Specific
patterns can be chosen from a wide variety of patterns, including, but not
limited to striping,
marbling, geometrics, spirals, and mixtures thereof. Upon changing either fill
rate, speed of
rotation, or both, the aforementioned patterns visually appear to be non-
uniform. For example, a
non-uniform swirled composition may change such that stripes appear to be
close to one another
at the base of the container, and then appear to spread further from one
another towards the top of
the container as a result of changing speed of rotation, fill rate, or both.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings, illustrate embodiments of the invention and,
together with
a general description of the invention given above, and the detailed
description below, serve to
explain the invention.
FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an apparatus for making visually
distinct patterns
in a container according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2a-2c illustrate cross-sectional views of typical blender inlet sections
which may
be used to produce visually distinct patterns.
FIG. 3 illustrates a front view of an apparatus for rotation of containers
during filling.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
While many variations in the physical characteristics of the present
components are
possible, i.e., color, rheology, texture, density, etc., variations in color
are widely sought. The
specific design or pattern achieved (i.e., width, length of stripe or
marbling, etc.) in the
combination product can be varied by varying a number of additional factors
including, but not
limited to, rate of speed of rotation of the container or fill rate of the
compositions into a rotating
container.
As used herein, the term "accelerate" or "acceleration" refers to the increase
in the rate of
change of velocity with respect to time.
The term "anhydrous" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, refers to
those
compositions or materials containing less than about 10%, more preferably less
than about 5%,
even more preferably less than about 3%, even more preferably zero percent, by
weight of water.
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The term "ambient conditions" as used herein, unless otherwise specified,
refers to
surrounding conditions at one (1) atmosphere of pressure, 50% relative
humidity, and 25 C.
The term "benefit" as used herein, refers to compositions which provide skin,
hair or
fabric conditioning, fragrance, anti-dandruff, skin moisturizing, skin
soothing, skin tanning, skin
lightening, anti-acne, anti-wrinkle/ anti-atrophy, fabric bleaching, fabric
dye transfer inhibition,
clay soil removal/anti-redeposition, suds suppression, fabric softening,
antibiotics, antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory, dentinal desensitizing, anti-caries, anti-plaque, breath
freshening, dental
erosion prevension, gingivitis prevention, periodontal disease prevention,
teeth whitening,
coloring, and flavoring.
As used herein, mixing and blending interchangeably refer to combining and
further
achieving a relatively greater degree of homogeneity thereafter. However,
blending does not in
some embodiments confer complete homogeneity of the end product.
As used herein, the term "cleaning composition" includes, unless otherwise
indicated,
granular or powder-form all-purpose or "heavy-duty" washing agents, especially
laundry
detergents; liquid, gel or paste-form all-purpose washing agents, especially
the so-called heavy-
duty liquid types; liquid fine-fabric detergents; hand dishwashing agents;
light duty dishwashing
agents, especially those of the high-foaming type; machine dishwashing agents,
including the
various tablet, granular, liquid and rinse-aid types for household and
institutional use; liquid
cleaning, deodorizing and disinfecting agents, including antibacterial hand-
wash types; laundry
bars; soap bars; air and fabric deodorizers; mouthwashes; toothpastes; denture
cleaners; car or
carpet shampoos, bathroom cleaners; hair shampoos; hair-rinses; face wash;
skin cleansers;
shower gels; body washes; personal cleansing compositions; foam baths; metal
cleaners; as well
as, cleaning auxiliaries such as fabric enhancers, bleach additives and "stain-
stick" or pre-treat
types.
As used herein, "combining" refers to adding materials together with or
without
substantial mixing towards achieving homogeneity.
The term "container" or "package" includes any suitable container for a
personal care
compositions exhibiting a viscosity from about 1,500 centipoise (cP) to about
1,000,000 cP, of
including but not limited to bottle, tottle, tube, jar, non-aerosol pump and
mixtures thereof.
As used herein "decelerate" or deceleration refers to the decrease in the rate
of change of
velocity with respect to time. The deceleration can effect or change the
pattern resultant end
product. For example, if there is a quick deceleration, the resultant fill
pattern may have a sharp
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transition. Conversely, a slower decceleration may cause a smoother transition
in the resultant
fill pattern.
By "dentifrice" or "dentifrice composition" as used herein is meant paste,
powder, tooth
gel, and/or liquid formulations used to clean the surfaces of the oral cavity.
The dentifrice is an
oral composition that is not intentionally swallowed for purposes of systemic
administration of
therapeutic agents, but is retained in the oral cavity for a sufficient time
to contact substantially
all of the dental surfaces and/or mucosal tissues for purposes of oral
activity. In addition
dentifrice can mean a product which may be intentionally swallowed but not
swallowed for the
purposes of systemic administration of therapeutic agents.
The term "during filling" as used herein, refers to any time after a
composition begins
being dispensed into a container and before the composition fills the
container to capacity.
The term "flow rate" as used herein, refers to the rate at which a composition
is
dispensed from a dispenser or nozzle, typically measured in ml/s.
The term "liquid" as used herein, refers to liquid, semi-liquid, cream, lotion
or gel
compositions, i.e., flowable compositions.
The term "marbling" as used herein, refers to a striped design with a veined
and/or
mottled appearance similar to marble.
As used herein, the term "multiphase" or "multi-phase", is meant that the
phases of the
present compositions occupy separate but distinct physical spaces inside the
container or
package in which they are stored, but are in direct contact with one another
(i.e., they are not
separated by a barrier and they are not emulsified or mixed to any significant
degree). In one
preferred embodiment of the present invention, the "multiphase" cleaning
compositions
comprise at least two visually distinct phases which are present within the
container as a visually
distinct pattern. The pattern results from the combination of the "multi-
phase" composition by a
process herein described. The "patterns" or "patterned" include but are not
limited to the
following examples: striped, marbled, rectilinear, interrupted striped, check,
mottled, veined,
clustered, speckled, geometric, spotted, ribbons, helical, swirl, arrayed,
variegated, textured,
grooved, ridged, waved, sinusoidal, spiral, twisted, curved, cycle, streaks,
striated, contoured,
anisotropic, laced, weave or woven, basket weave, spotted, and tessellated.
Preferably the
pattern is selected from the group consisting of striped, geometric, marbled,
and combinations
thereof. In one aspect, the pattern may be relatively uniform across the
dimension of the
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container; however, the pattern may be uneven, wavy, or non-uniform in
dimension. In one
aspect, the pattern does not extend across the entire dimension of the
container.
By "oral care" as used herein, refers to products meant to treat diseases or
conditions of
the oral cavity including caries, plaque, breath malodor, dental erosion,
gingivitis, and
periodontal disease. Oral conditions are further described in WO 02/02096A2,
published Jan.
10, 2002, P&G.
The term "personal care composition" as used herein, refers to compositions
intended for
topical application to the skin or hair. The compositions of the present
invention are rinse-off
formulations, in which the product is applied topically to the skin or hair
and then is
subsequently rinsed within minutes from the skin or hair with water, or
otherwise wiped off
using a substrate with deposition of a portion of the composition. The
compositions also may be
used as shaving aids. The multiphase personal care composition of the present
invention is
typically extrudable or dispensible from a package. The multiphase personal
care compositions
typically exhibit a viscosity of from about 1,500 centipoise (cP) to about
1,000,000 cP, as
measured by as measured by the Viscosity Method as described in the commonly
owned, patent
application published on Nov. 11, 2004 under U.S. Publication No.
2004/0223991A1 entitled
"Multi-phase Personal Care Compositions" filed on May 7, 2004 by Wei, et al.
The multiphase
personal care compositions of the present invention can be in the forrn of
liquid, semi-liquid,
cream, lotion or gel compositions intended for topical application to skin.
Examples of personal
care compositions of the present invention can include but are not limited to
shampoo,
conditioning shampoo, body wash, moisturizing body wash, shower gels, skin
cleansers,
cleansing milks, hair and body wash, pet shampoo, shaving preparations and
cleansing
compositions used in conjunction with a disposable cleansing cloth.
As used herein, the term "phase" as used herein refers to a homogeneous,
physically
distinct, and mechanically separable portion of matter present in a non-
homogeneous physical-
chemical system. Phases may be materials considered an intermediate and or a
finished product.
In one aspect, the phases herein are compositions with different colors. In
one aspect, the phases
comprise the same chemical compositions but with different colorants and/or
rheology
modifiers. The phases can be various different colors, and/or include
particles, glitter or
pearlescent agents in at least one of the phases in order to offset its
appearance from the other
phase(s) present. The ratio of a first phase to a second phase is preferably
from about 90:10 to
about 10:90, more preferably from about 80:20 to about 20:80, even more
preferably from about
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70:30 to about 30:70, still even more preferably from about 60:40 to about
40:60, even still even
more preferably about 50:50.
The term "speed of rotation" as used herein, refers to the speed at which a
container turns
about an axis, typically measured in rotations per minute (rpm). Generally,
the container rotates
as a result of the rotation of a platform as depicted in Fig. 3.
The term "stripe" as used herein, means that each phase present in the
composition
occupies separate but distinct physical spaces inside the package in which it
is stored, but are in
direct contact with one another. In one preferred embodiment, a personal care
composition
comprises a cleansing phase and a benefit phase that are present within the
container as distinct
layers or "stripes". The stripes may be relatively uniform and even across
segments of the
package. Alternatively the layers may be uneven, i.e. wavy, or may be non-
uniform in
dimension. The stripes do not necessarily extend across the entire dimension
of the package.
The "stripe' can comprise various geometric patterns, various colors and, or
glitter or
pearlescence, providing that the concentration of said alternative forms
visually distinct bands or
regions. The striped pattern does not need to necessarily extend across the
entire dimension of
the package. The size of the stripes can be at least about 0.1 mm in width and
10 mm in length,
preferably at least about 1 mm in width and at least 20 mm in length as
measured from the
package exterior.
The term "stable" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, refers to
compositions that
maintain visually distinctive phases in physical contact at ambient conditions
for a period of at
least about 180 days.
The phrase "substantially free of' as used herein, unless otherwise specified
means that
the composition comprises less than about 5%, preferably less than about 3%,
more preferably
less than about 1% and most preferably less than about 0.1 % of the stated
ingredient. The term
"free of' as used herein means that the composition comprise 0% of the stated
ingredient that is
the ingredient has not been added to the composition, however, these
ingredients may
incidentally form as a byproduct or a reaction product of the other components
of the
composition.
The term "surfactant component" as used herein means the total of all anionic,
nonionic,
amphoteric, zwitterionic and cationic surfactants in a phase. When
calculations are based on the
surfactant component, water and electrolyte are excluded from the calculations
involving the
surfactant component, since surfactants as manufactured typically are diluted
and neutralized.
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As used herein "tottle" refers to a bottle which rests on neck or mouth which
its contents
are filled in and dispensed from, but it is also the end upon which the bottle
is intended to rest or
sit upon (e.g., the bottle's base) for storage by the consumer and/or for
display on the store shelf
(this bottle is referred to herein as a "tottle"). Typically, the closure on a
tottle is flat or concave,
such that the tottle, when stored, rests on the closure. Suitable tottles are
described in the co-
pending U.S. Patent Application Serial No, 11/067443 filed on Feb. 25, 2005 to
McCall, et al,
entitled "Multi-phase Personal Care Compositions, Process for Making and
Providing, and
Article of Commerce."
As used herein, "visually distinctive" or "visually distinct" describes
compositions in the
package or upon being dispensed that display visually different phases. These
different phases
are either distinctively separate or partially mixed as long as the phases of
the multiphase liquid
composition remains visible to the unaided eye. That is, a region of the
multiphase liquid
composition has one average composition, as distinct from another region
having a different
average composition, wherein the regions are visible to the unaided naked eye.
In one aspect,
the phases may be various different colors, and/or include particles, glitter
or pearlescent agents
in at least one of the phases in order to offset its appearance from the other
phase(s) present.
This would not preclude the distinct regions from comprising two similar
phases where one
phase could comprise pigments, dyes, particles, and various optional
ingredients, hence a region
of a different average composition. A phase generally occupies a space or
spaces having
dimensions larger than the colloidal or sub-colloidal components it comprises.
A phase can also
be constituted or re-constituted, collected, or separated into a bulk phase in
order to observe its
properties, e.g., by centrifugation, filtration or the like.
The present invention relates to a process for making non-uniformed patterned
multi-
phase liquid compositions that comprise at least two visually distinct liquid
phases. The process
comprising the steps of:
a) placing a plurality of liquid phases in separate vessels equipped with
means for
transferring said phases from said vessels;
b) transferring predetermined amounts of each selected liquid phase from its
respective vessel into a combiner;
c) combining said liquid phases together to produce a multi-phase liquid
composition having predetermined ratios of one phase to another wherein said
phases of the liquid composition are visually distinct from one another; and
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d) transferring said multi-phase liquid phase composition through a dispensing
means to an individual product container; wherein said individual product
container enters a container holding means, therein securing said container to
a
platform wherein said container is rotated by said container holding device
during
transfer of said composition into said container, wherein said dispensing
means
begins dispensing said liquid phases at an initial fill rate, said holding
device has
an initial speed of rotation, and wherein said holding device has an initial
direction of rotation; and
e) selecting a modification to an element selected from the group consisting
of
modifying said initial direction of rotation to a second direction of
rotation,
modifying said initial speed of rotation to a second speed of rotation,
modifying
said initial fill rate of said dispensing means to a second fill rate, and
mixtures of
said modifications, independently from the geometry of said container and
during
step d.
Various devices are known for filling multiple phase compositions. Figure 1
illustrates a
perspective view of one device which may be used to make the multiple visually
distinct phase
compositions of the present invention and fill the packaging into which it
will be sold. This
figure represents a single filling station. On a manufacturing scale this
alignment of equipment
is repeated for as many filling stations as is desired for simultaneously
filling of a plurality of
containers. Supply lines 1 and 2 are in communication with each phase's supply
vessel, not
illustrated herein. Said supply lines 1 and 2 can be in the fonm of hard or
flexible piping such as
stainless pipes or hoses, useful in transporting said phases from their
respective supply vessels.
Such supply vessels are typically stainless steel and are equipped with valves
at their base
wherein flow can be shut off to allow for changing such vessels without
shutting down the
processing equipment. Said supply lines may be equipped with an inline pump
from the supply
vessel, thereby pressurizing the supply line to ensure consistent or steady
flow from its
connected supply vessel. Figure 1 illustrates a situation wherein supply line
1 is hard plumbed
with an in-line pump not shown, whereas supply line 2 is not under pressure
and the respective
visually distinct phase feeds from the supply vessel into the funnel shown
therein. Supply lines
1 and 2 lead to valves 5 that regulate flow of each phase to its respective
pump, in this
illustration, pumps 3 and 4. In Figure 1 the pumps are illustrated as positive
displacement,
piston-type cylinders. Valves 5 are rotary valves that open to allow the flow
of each phase from
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its supply vessel to enter the pump's cylinder as the pump piston is in its
back or down stroke.
There is a single valve for each pump and all the valves act in unison due to
their being linked in
a manner wherein one drive mechanism actuates all the valves. Alternately,
separate drive
mechanisms can be used to achieve a similar effect. Simultaneously to the flow
entering the
piston cylinders, valves 5 close the outlet of said cylinders to prohibit the
phase from flowing
directly into supply lines 3a and 4a going to combiner 6. Upon the pumps
forward or upstroke,
valves 5 reverse position, allowing the contents of each pump cylinder to
discharge its contents
into the direction of the combiner 6 through supply lines 3a and 4a while
prohibiting back flow
into the vessel supply lines 1 and 2. Pumps 3 and 4 are used to insure a
constant supply of each
phase to the combiner section 6. Given the proper flow character of the phase,
such piston type
pumps may be eliminated. When pumps are utilized, it is preferable that said
pumps work in
tandem with flow meters to insure consistent flow by the pump. Not illustrated
herein,
volumetric flow meters, and, or mass flow meters can be utilized to adjust the
pumps to insure
constant flow. This can also be accomplished by utilizing metering type pumps
to deliver the
required volume or mass of each phase.
Prior to the phases entering the blender 7, the supply lines 3a and 4a are
aligned in such a
manner as shown in the cross-sectional views of Figure 2 in the combiner
section 6. Figure 2
represents a cross-sectional view of the alignment of the phase feeds from
line 3a and 4a as they
are prepared for entering blender 7. Figure 2a illustrates an alignment of
feeds from 3a and 4a
wherein independent feed line 21 is located within feed line 22, thereby
injecting the phase
coming from 21 into the center of the feed from line 22 prior to going into
the blender 7. Figure
2c is an alternative to figure 2a where the feeds are aligned side by side in
a common line from
the combiner section 6. Figure 2b similarly illustrates the situation where
four feeds are
combined together in one line coming from the combiner section 6 going to
blender 7.
In some embodiments, the process can further comprises the steps of
transferring
said liquid phases from the combiner to the blender and blending the liquid
phases. After
moving through the combiner section 6, the aligned phases are introduced into
a blending
section 7. The blender section 7 comprises a mixing element that comprises a
series of
obstructions for diverting the visually distinct phases entering, inducing
turbulence and causing
the phases to blend together in a way that contributes to forming the
composition's eventual in-
package pattem. In most cases a static mixer is utilized in the blending
section. Static mixers
are well know in the art and are generally in the form of a series of
repeating or random,
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interlocking plates and, or fins. Static mixers suitable for use in the
process are the Chemineer
SSC.75-4R-S (KMA 4 element'/o") available from Chemineer Inc. P.O. Box 1123,
Dayton, OH
45401 and the Koch SMX 4 element mixer (3/4" nominal) available from Koch-
Glitsch LP
Mass Transfer Sales and Engineering, 9525 Kenwood Road, Suite 16-246,
Cincinnati, OH
45242.
After the blended phases pass through blender section 7, the phases are
introduced to the
delivery nozzle 8. Delivery nozzle 8 is utilized to deliver the combined
phases to the bottle. As
previously mentioned, in normal manufacturing operations, a plurality of
containers is filled
simultaneously. Figure 3 represents one possible station on such equipment.
Container 31 is
secured into a puck or bottle holder 32. A rotating platform 33 turns the
container 31 at a speed
determined by the drive mechanism 34. The drive mechanism 34 for the platform
33 is a
variable speed mechanism.
In one embodiment, during filling, the platform 33 rotates, which may
initially rotate the
container 31, in one direction initially. The direction of rotation can change
from the starting
position by any degree of 360 and back to the initial starting position. For
example, the rotation
can occur in one direction by 45 and in the opposite direction returning to
the starting position
of the rotation. However, the returning to the starting position is
unnecessary. For example, the
bottle can be rotated 90 in one direction and rotated back in the opposite
direction by 180 .
Before the container 31 is full, the platform 33 can change in direction one
or more
times, which results in variation in the aesthetic pattern or design of the
multiple visually distinct
phase composition. Designs and patterns created in the personal care
composition depend on
when and to what amount, during the filling process, as the direction of
rotation of the container
31 changes. The direction change of the rotation of the platform 33 and
container 31 can be
controlled by moving the platform by hand or is accomplished using a
servocontroller.
In one embodiment, during filling, the platform 33 rotates, which may
initially
rotate the container 31, at a substantially constant speed. Before the
container 31 is full, the
platform 33 accelerates or decelerates, which results in variation in the
aesthetic pattern or
design of the multiple visually distinct phase composition. Designs and
patterns created in the
personal care composition depend on when and to what amount, during the
filling process, the
speed of rotation of the container 31 changes. The initial speed of rotation
of the container 31 is
generally from about 0 revolutions per minute to about 800 revolutions per
minute (rpm). In
some embodiments, the process further comprises the step of changing the
initial speed of
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rotation to second speed of rotation. The second speed of rotation differs
from the initial speed
of rotation by at least 20%. Preferably, the speed of rotation changes by at
least about 20%,
more preferably by at least about 40%, and most preferably by at least about
50% of the initial
speed of rotation. When the initial speed of rotation is 0 revolutions per
minute, initiation of
rotation at any speed during filling is considered to be a change in speed of
rotation.
Additionally, the speed of rotation may change continuously during filling to
create a
continuously changing pattern or design in the composition. The changing
initial speed of
rotation can comprise a acceleration or deceleration which occurs from an
initial speed of
rotation to a second speed of rotation. The acceleration/deceleration can
affect or change the
pattern resultant end product. For example, if there is a quick
acceleration/deceleration, the
resultant fill pattern may have a sharp transition. Conversely, a slower
acceleration/decleration
may cause a smoother transition in the resultant fill pattern.
Herein, changes in fill iate and/or speed of rotation are measured in terms of
percent
change. Changes in fill rate and/or speed of rotation are based on the initial
fill rate and/or
speeds of rotation (i.e., the fill rate and/or speed of rotation measured
prior to changing the fill
rate and/or speed of rotation during filling of the container) and the final
fill rate and/or speed of
rotation (i.e., the fill rate and/or speed of rotation measured either when
the fill rate and/or speed
of rotation reach(es) a new constant speed or just prior to completion of the
filling process). A
percent change is calculated based on the difference between the
aforementioned initial fill rate
and/or speed of rotation and the final fill rate and/or speed of rotation.
In another embodiment, the speed of rotation remains relatively constant and
the fill rate
changes. Preferably, the fill rate changes by at least about 20%, more
preferably by at least
about 40%, and most preferably by at least about 50% of the initial fill rate.
The fill rate may
also change continuously during filling to create a continuously changing
pattern or design in
the compositions
Known filling techniques often incorporate containers which tend to
geometrically
narrow towards an orifice. When filling through such an orifice, in order to
prevent overflow
and to maintain uniformity, either the speed of rotation or fill rate must be
adjusted as the
composition fills towards the orifice. In contrast to this known technique,
the present method
creates non-uniform, visually distinct patterns, by changing the fill rate or
speed of rotation
independently from the geometry of the container.
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Additionally, known methods of filling containers generally include filling
the container
with a liquid product by positioning the dispensing means at or near the
orifice of the container.
In the process of present invention, the dispensing means may be arranged in
such a manner as
to position the dispensing means in the bottom of the container. More
specifically, the
dispensing means may be positioned below half of the volume of the container.
Positioning the
dispensing means in this position has the advantage of avoiding the "mounding"
effect exhibited
by filling techniques which employ a dispensing means at or hear the orifice
of the container.
Mounding may generally be described as the layering or folding of a liquid
stream over itself as
the container fills. Accordingly, one aspect of this invention is to fill the
container with the
multiphase liquid phase composition from the bottom of the container.
The transfer of the predetermined amounts of each selected liquid phase from
its
respective vessel into a combiner is accomplished using a servocontroller. //
Add information//
Container 31 is any suitable container for the product. Preferably, container
31 is a
transparent bottle wherein the pattern of the finished composition is visible
to the consumer.
The container preferably comprises a closure and a dispensing orifice.
Suitable materials for
transparent bottles include, but are not limited to PET or PP.
All percentages, parts and ratios as used herein are by weight of the total
composition,
unless otherwise specified. All such weights as they pertain to listed
ingredients are based on
the active level and, therefore, do not include solvents or by-products that
may be included in
commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified.
In one embodiment, the process is used to produce a cleaning compositions,
personal
care composition, dentifrice compositions, having a non-uniform, spirally
striped, patterns. In
some embodiments, one phase can provide one function, such as a cleansing
phase, and the
second phase can provide an additional function, such as a benefit function.
In some
embodiments, the phases can provide the same function but be visually distinct
from each other.
Compositions have been formulated which allow both a cleansing phase and a
benefit phase
which can comprise a variety of phase types while remaining stable for
prolonged periods.
Further, one or more of the phases can include stable colorants, resulting in
the possibility of
non-uniform visual patterns when the personal care compositions are packaged
in containers
which allow the contents to be viewed.
Suitable surfactants are described in McCutcheon's, Detergents and
Emulsifiers,
North American edition (1986), published by allured Publishing Corporation;
and
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McCutcheon's, Functional Materials, North American Edition (1992); and in U.S.
Pat. No.
3,929,678 issued to Laughlin, et al on December 30, 1975. Suitable surfactants
for use herein
include any known or otherwise effective cleansing surfactant suitable for
application to the hair,
skin, teeth and fabric, and which is otherwise compatible with the other
essential ingredients in
the cleansing phase of the compositions. These cleansing surfactants include
anionic, nonionic,
cationic, zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants, or combinations thereof.
Preferably, the
cleansing phase is structured and/or discrete.
Preferred linear anionic surfactants include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium
laureth
sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, potassium laureth
sulfate, sodium lauryl
sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sarcosine,
ammonium cocoyl
sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, and combinations thereof. Branched anionic
surfactants and
monomethyl branched anionic surfactants suitable for the present invention are
described in a
commonly owned, patent application published on Dec. , 2006 under U.S.
Publication No.
60/680,149 entitled "Structured Multi-phased Personal Cleansing Compositions
Comprising
Branched Anionic Surfactants" filed on May 12, 2005 by Smith, et al. Branched
anionic
surfactants include but are not limited to the following surfactants: sodium
trideceth sulfate,
sodium tridecyl sulfate, sodium C12-13 alkyl sulfate, and C12-13 pareth
sulfate and sodium C12-13
pareth-n sulfate.
In one embodiment, the composition can comprise at least one amphoteric
surfactant.
Amphoteric surfactant suitable for use in the present invention include those
that are broadly
described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which
the aliphatic radical
can be straight or branched chain and wherein one of the aliphatic
substituents contains from
about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water
solubilizing group, e.g.,
carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples of compounds
falling within
this definition are sodium 3-dodecyl-aminopropionate, sodium 3-
dodecylaminopropane
sulfonate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, N-alkyltaurines such as the one prepared
by reacting
dodecylamine with sodium isethionate according to the teaching of U.S. Pat.
No. 2,658,072, N-
higher alkyl aspartic acids such as those produced according to the teaching
of U.S. Pat. No.
2,438,091, and the products described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,528,378. In one
aspect, the multiphase
personal care composition can comprise an amphoteric surfactant that is
selected from the group
consisting of sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoactetate, disodium
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lauroamphoacetate disodium cocodiamphoacetate, and mixtures thereof. Moreover,
Amphoacetates and diamphoacetates can also be used.
Zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use include those that are broadly
described as
derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium
compounds, in
which the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chain, and wherein
one of the aliphatic
substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains
an anionic group,
e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Zwitterionic
surfactants suitable for
use in the multiphase, personal care composition include betaines, including
cocoamidopropyl
betaine.
An alkanolamide if present has the general structure of:
O (RI-O)xH
R-C-N
\
(R2-O)yH
wherein R is C8 to C24 or preferably in some embodiments C8 to C22 or in other
embodiments C8
to C18 saturated or unsaturated straight chain or branched aliphatic group, R1
and R2 are the same or
different C2-C4 straight chain or branched aliphatic group, x = 0 to 10; y = 1-
10 and wherein
the sum of x and y is less than or equal to 10. The amount of alkanolamide in
the composition is
typically about 0.1 % to about 10% by weight, and in some embodiments is
preferably about 2%
to about 5% by weight of the cleansing phase. Some preferred alkanolamides
include Cocamide
MEA (Coco monethanolamide) and Cocamide MIPA (Coco monoisopropranolamide).
In some aspects, the composition of the present invention is preferably free
of alkyl
amines and alkanolamide to ensure mildness of the composition to the skin,
hair, teeth and
fabric.
The composition preferably comprises at least one nonionic emulsifier.
Preferably the
nonionic emulsifier has an HLB from about 1.5 to 13.0, preferably from about
3.4 to 13.0, more
preferably 3.4 to about 9.5, more preferably 3.4 to about 8Ø The composition
preferably
comprises a nonionic emulsifier at concentrations ranging from about 0.1% to
about 10%, more
preferably from about 0.25% to about 8%, even more preferably from about 0.5%
to about 5%,
still even more preferably from about 1.0% to about 3%, and still even still
more preferably
from about 1.5% to about 2.5%, by weight of the personal care compositions.
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The balance between the hydrophilic and lipophilic moieties in a surfactant
molecule is
used as a method of classification (hydrophile-lipophile balance, HLB). The
HLB values for
commonly-used surfactants are readily available in the literature (e.g., HLB
Index in
McCutcheon's Emulsifiers and Detergents, MC Publishing Co., 2004). For
example, cocamide
monoethanolamine (CMEA) is known in the art to have an HLB value of 16.8.
Another way of
obtaining HLB values is to estimate by calculations. The HLB system was
originally devised by
Griffin (J. Soc. Cosmetic Chem., 1, 311, 1949). Griffin defined the HLB value
of a surfactant as
the mol % of the hydrophilic groups divided by 5, where a completely
hydrophilic molecule
(with no non-polar groups) had an HLB value of 20. Other examples of how to
calculate HLB
values are described by Davies in Interfacial Phenomena, 2nd Edition, Academic
Press,
London, 1963 and by Lin in J. Phys. Chem. 76, 2019-2013, 1972.
Non-limiting examples of preferred nonionic emulsifiers for use herein are
those selected
form the group consisting of glyceryl monohydroxystearate, isosteareth-2,
trideceth-3,
hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan
monostearate, glyceryl
laurate, laureth-2, cocamide monoethanolamine, lauramide monoethanolamine, and
mixtures
thereof.
An electrolyte can be added per se to the composition or it can be formed in
situ via the
counterions included in one of the raw materials. The electrolyte preferably
includes an anion
comprising phosphate, chloride, sulfate or citrate and a cation comprising
sodium, ammonium,
potassium, magnesium or mixtures thereof. Some preferred electrolytes are
sodium chloride,
ammonium chloride, sodium or ammonium sulfate. The electrolyte is preferably
added to the
structured surfactant phase of the composition in the amount of from about
0.1% to about 6%
preferably from about 1% to about 5%, more preferably from about 2% to about
4%, more
preferably from about 3% to about 4%, by weight of composition. Non-limiting
examples of
other suitable cleansing phase materials are disclosed in U.S. Patent
Application No.
10/961,719.
The visually distinct phase compositions may further comprise at least one
benefit phase
selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic benefit phase, fatty
compound gel network,
a hydrophobic gel network, a hydrophobic gel network in a fatty compound gel
network, a fatty
compound gel network in a hydrophobic gel network, a silicone or silicone gel
and mixtures
thereof. Each benefit phase may act as a delivery vehicle for delivering a
conditioning agent or
other benefit agent to hair, or itself may act as a conditioning agent or
other benefit agent. Non-
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17
limiting examples of suitable benefit phase materials are disclosed in U.S.
Patent Application
No. 10/961,719.
The compositions of the present invention comprise a benefit phase. The
benefit phase in
the present invention may be anhydrous and can be substantially free of water.
The benefit
phase can be substantially free or free of surfactant.
The benefit phase typically comprises hydrophobic benefit materials. The
benefit phase
may comprise from about 1% to about 50%, preferably from about 5% to about
30%, more
preferably from about 10% to about 30%, by weight of the multiphase personal
care
composition, of a hydrophobic benefit material.
Hydrophobic benefit materials suitable for use in the present invention
preferably have a
Vaughan Solubility Parameter of from about 5(cal/cm3)1i2 to about 15
(cal/cm3)11Z, as defined by
Vaughan in Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 103. The Vaughan Solubility
Parameter (VSP) as
used herein is a parameter used to define the solubility of hydrophobic
materials. Vaughan
Solubility parameters are well known in the various chemical and formulation
arts and typically
have a range of from 5 to 25. Non-limiting examples of hydrophobic benefit
materials having
VSP values ranging from about 5 to about 15 include the following:
Cyclomethicone 5.92,
Squalene 6.03, Petrolatum 7.33, Isopropyl Palmitate 7.78, Isopropyl Myristate
8.02, Castor Oil
8.90, Cholesterol 9.55, as reported in Solubility, Effects in Product,
Package, Penetration and
Preservation, C. D. Vaughan, Cosmetics and Toiletries, Vol. 103, October 1988.
The hydrophobic benefit materials for use in the benefit phase of the
composition have a
preferred rheology profile as defined by Consistency value (k) and Shear Index
(n). The term
"Consistency value" or "k" as used herein is a measure of lipid viscosity and
is used in
combination with Shear Index, to define viscosity for materials whose
viscosity is a function of
shear. The measurements are made at 35 C and the units are poise (equal to 100
cps). The term
"Shear Index" or "n" as used herein is a measure of lipid viscosity and is
used in combination
with Consistency value, to define viscosity for materials whose viscosity is a
function of shear.
The measurements are made at 35 C and the units are dimensionless. Consistency
value (k) and
Shear Index (n) are more fully described in commonly owned and assigned U.S.
Appl. Serial
No. 11/312615 entitled "Shaving Kit, Article of Commerce and Method of Shaving
comprising
a personal care composition" filed December 20, 2005. Preferred Consistency
value ranges are
1-10,000 poise (1/sec) -1, preferably 10-2000 poise (1/sec)"-1 and more
preferably 50-1000 poise
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(1 /sec)". Shear Index ranges are 0.1-0.8, preferably 0.1-0.5 and more
preferably 0.20-0.4.
These preferred rheological properties are especially useful in providing the
personal cleansing
compositions with improved deposition of benefit agents on skin.
The benefit phase can be comprised of the hydrophobic benefit materials
selected from
the group consisting of petrolatum, lanolin, derivatives of lanolin (e.g.
lanolin oil, isopropyl
lanolate, acetylated lanolin, acetylated lanolin alcohols, lanolin alcohol
linoleate, lanolin alcohol
riconoleate) hydrocarbon oils (e.g. mineral oil) natural and synthetic waxes
(e.g. micro-
crystalline waxes, paraffins, ozokerite, lanolin wax, lanolin alcohols,
lanolin fatty acids,
polyethylene, polybutene, polydecene, pentahydrosqualene) volatile or non-
volatile
organosiloxanes and their derivatives (e.g. dimethicones, cyclomethicones,
alkyl siloxanes,
polymethylsiloxanes, methylphenylpolysiloxanes), natural and synthetic
triglycerides (e.g.
castor oil, soy bean oil, sunflower seed oil, maleated soy bean oil, safflower
oil, cotton seed oil,
corn oil, walnut oil, peanut oil, olive oil, cod liver oil, almond oil,
avocado oil, palm oil, sesame
oil) and combinations thereof. In one aspect, at least about 50% by weight of
the hydrophobic
benefit materials are selected from the groups of petrolatum, mineral oil,
paraffins, polyethylene,
polybutene, polydecene, dimethicones, alkyl siloxanes, cyclomethicones,
lanolin, lanolin oil,
lanolin wax. The remainder of the hydrophobic benefit material can be selected
from: isopropyl
palmitate, cetyl riconoleate, octyl isononanoate, octyl palmitate, isocetyl
stearate, hydroxylated
milk glyceride and combinations thereof. The benefit phase of the multiphase
personal care
composition can be comprised a combination of petrolatum and mineral oil.
Alternately, the benefit phase may comprise differing levels of benefit agents
as
compared to the cleansing phase. Preferably, the benefit phase comprises
increased levels of
conditioning agents such as silicone conditioning agents, cationic deposition
polymers, or
volumizing agents (i.e., polyethylene particles) etc.
Suitable detergent compositions filled by the process of the present invention
can
include base materials listed in Table 1 below. The amount shown is a weight %
for each
material is the amount in the final product.
Table 1
Material Base 1 Base 2 Base 3
C25 AE1.8S 25 17 28
HLAS 6.5 1.5 7.0
Nonionic Surfactant --- 1.5 ---
Amine Oxide 2 --- 2.5
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Citric Acid 7 4.5 7.5
Fatty Acid 2.5 0.40 2
Borax 4 2.5 4.5
Calcium Formate 0.9 1.00 0.95
DTPA 0.4 0.7 0.45
Brightener 2 0.65 2.5
Propanediol 2.5 0.50 3
NaOH 4 1 5
Viscosity Modifier --- 2.5 ---
Enzymes 1.2 1.4 1.2
Polymers 2.4 0.9 2.4
Water Balance Balance Balance
Suitable body wash or personal cleansing compositions filled by the process of
the
present invention can include materials listed in Table 2 below, including but
not limited to
surfactants, humectants, buffer/pH adjusting agents, stabilizing agents,
thickening/structuring
agents and the like.
Table 2
Materials Base Base 2B Base Base Base
2A 2C 2D 2E
Ammonium Laureth-3 Sulfate --- 9.0 --- --- ---
Sodium Sulfate 3.7 --- --- ---
Sodium Trideceth Sulfate (Cedepal TD- --- --- --- 8.5 ---
407
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate --- --- --- 8.5 ---
Cocamido ro yl Betaine --- 1.43 --- --- ---
Sodium Lauroamphoacetate --- 0.95 --- 5.0 ---
Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride --- --- 0.6 --- ---
-Hance 3196 A ualon
PEG 90M (Polyox WSR 301 from Dow --- --- 0.15 0.15 ---
Chemical
Cationic Polymer (N-Hance 3196) a --- --- --- 0.6 ---
Trih droxystearin --- --- --- --- ---
Trideceth-3 Alcohol --- --- --- 2.0 ---
Sodium Benzoate --- 0.25 --- 0.2 ---
Citric Acid, anhydrous --- 0.30 --- 0.88 ---
Pol uaternium-10 --- 0.10 --- --- ---
Xantham Gum (Keltrol 1000, CP --- --- 0.22 --- ---
Keltrol)
Disodium EDTA --- 0.10 0.15 0.15 ---
Sodium Chloride --- --- --- 4.75 ---
Titanium Dioxide 328 --- --- --- --- ---
Polyox WSR N-3000 c --- --- --- --- ---
Sodium Benzoate --- 0.001 --- 0.0005 ---
Kathon CG --- 1.43 0.2 0.36 ---
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Expandce1091 WE 40 d24 (Expandcel, --- --- 0.33 0.05 ---
Inc.
Sodium Hydroxide - 50% Solution --- --- --- 0.15 ---
Water Q.S. Q.S. Q.S. Q.S. ---
Petrolatum (G2218 WITCO) --- --- --- --- 70
Mineral Oil H drobrite 1000 WITCO) --- --- --- --- 29.99
Pigment (Red 7) --- --- --- --- 0.1
In one aspect, conventional body wash and/or personal cleansing compositions
can be
made according to the processes and by the systems of the present invention.
Some examples of
personal cleansing composition include those. more fully described in the co-
pending patent
applications U.S. Patent Publication No. 2006/0083761A1 entitled Personal care
compositions
comprising visible beads, cationic polymer, and surfactant filed on October,
12, 2005 published
on April 20, 2006; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0223991 entitled "Multi-
phase Personal
Care Compositions" filed on May 7, 2004, published on November 11, 2004; U.S.
Patent
Publication No. 2004/0057920 Al entitled "Striped liquid personal cleansing
compositions
containing a cleansing phase and a separate benefit phase" filed by Focht, et
al. on Sept. 18,
2003, published on April 4, 2004, U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0092415 Al
entitled
"Striped liquid personal cleansing compositions containing a cleansing phase
and a separate
benefit phase with improved stability" filed by Focht, et al. on Oct. 31,
2003, published on May
13, 2004 and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/02 1 9 1 1 9 Al entitled
"Visually distinctive
multiple liquid phase compositions" filed by Weir, et al. on April 30, 2004,
published on
November 18, 2004 and U.S. Application Serial No. 60/680,149 entitled
"Structured Multi-
phased Personal Cleansing Compositions Comprising Branched Anionic
Surfactants" filed on
May 12, 2004 by Smith, et al.
In another aspect, oral care products may be produced by the processes
disclosed herein.
Suitable dentifrice bases include base materials listed in Table 3 below,
including but not limited
to carriers/solvent, humectants, abrasives, tartar control agents,
antimicrobials, fluoride sources
and anticaries agents, buffer/pH adjusting agents, stabilizing agents,
thickening/structuring
agents, binders, flavors and sweetening agents and surfactants. The amount
shown in weight %
for each material is the amount in the final product after addition of
finishing and/or reblend
materials.
Table 3
Base Material 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 3G
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Water 38.51 23.26 23.26 8.0 8.95 13.7 ---
Gl cerin --- --- --- 9.00 --- 7.750 36.944
Sorbito170% soln. 24.21 33.80 32.80 41.0 60.0 24.91 ---
Pol ethylene Gl co1300 --- 3.720 3.720 3.00 --- 6.00 7.000
Propylene Glycol --- --- --- --- --- --- 7.000
Silica Z-109 --- --- 7.667 --- --- --- 12.500
Silica Z-119 21.00 17.00 9.333 17.0 15.0 31.0 12.500
Tetrasodium P o hos hate --- 1.128 1.128 3.850 --- 5.045 --
Disodium P o hos hate --- 1.344 1.344 1.0 --- --- ---
Tetrapotassium Pyrophosphate --- 3.159 3.159 --- --- --- ---
Sodium Pol hos hate --- --- --- --- --- --- 13.000
Sodium Fluoride 0.32 0.321 0.321 0.243 0.243 0.243 --
Stannous Fluoride --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.454
Triclosan / PEG Premix --- 0.560 0.560 --- --- --- ---
Monosodium Phosphate --- --- --- --- 0.419 --- ---
Trisodium Phosphate 0.37 --- --- --- 1.10 --- 1.100
Sodium Carbonate --- --- --- --- --- 0.500 ---
Sodium Bicarbonate --- --- --- --- --- 1.500 ---
Sodium Gluconate --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.652
Zinc Lactate Dihydrate --- --- --- --- --- --- 2.500
Xanthan Gum --- 0.500 0.500 0.475 --- --- 0.250
Carbomer 956 0.30 0.300 0.300 0.300 0.300 --- ---
Na Carbox ethylcellulose 1.10 0.700 0.700 --- 0.750 0.750 ---
Carrageenan --- --- --- --- --- --- 0.600
Sodium Saccharin 0.20 0.200 0.200 0.40 0.130 0.350 0.500
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 28% Soln 2.00 --- --- 2.0 2.0 5.0 3.400
Poloxamer --- --- --- --- --- 1.25 ---
Suitable base materials for a denture adhesive include bioadhesive materials
and a non-
aqueous vehicle. Examples of bioadhesive materials include, but are not
limited to, karaya gum,
guar gum, gelatin, algin, sodium alginate, tragacanth, chitosan, polyethylene
glycol,
polyethylene oxide, acrylamide polymers, carbopol, polyvinyl alcohol,
polyamines,
polyquartemary compounds, ethylene oxide polymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone,
cationic
polyacrylamide polymers, AVE/MA, AVE/MA/IB, mixed salts of AVE/MA, mixed salts
of
AVE/MA/IB, and mixtures thereof. Non-aqueous vehicle is generally any chemical
in any
physical form that does not contain water. Examples of non-aqueous vehicle
include, but are not
limited to, petrolatum, mineral oil, glycerin, natural oils, synthetic oils,
fats, silicone, silicone
derivatives, polyvinyl acetate, natural waxes, synthetic waxes, animal waves,
vegetable oil
waxes, vegetable oils, and mixtures thereof. Non-aqueous vehicles for denture
adhesive
compositions are further described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,561,177, issued on Oct.
1, 1996, Khaledi et
al.
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Suitable shampoo compositions filled by the process of the present invention
can include
materials selected from Table 4 below.
Table 4
Ingredient Chem % Active in Shampoo
Conc. /o
Sodium Laureth Sulfate (28% active in 28.0 5.0000 5.0000 4.0000
water)
Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (29% active in water) 29.0 15.0000 9.0000 8.0000
Polydimethyl siloxane 100.0 1.0000 2.0000 1.0000
Carbopol Aqua SF-1 (Acrylates copolymer) 30.0 1.5000 1.2500 1.2500
(Available from National Starch)
Polyquaternium 10 (LR30M) (Available 0.2500
from Americhol)
Polyquaternium 10 (KG30M) (Available 100.0 0.5000 0.2500
from Americhol)
Mirapol 100 (Polyquaternium 6) 31.5 0.2500 0.2500
Polycare 133 (Polymethacryamidopropyl 0.1000
trimonium CL)
cocodimethyl amide 85.0 0.8000 0.8000 0.8000
Brij 30 (Laureth-4) 100.0 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
NaOH (50%) 50.0 needed as needed as needed
Sodium Benzoate 100.0 0.2500 0.2500 0.2500
Disodium EDTA 100.0 0.1274 0.1274 0.1274
Citric Acid 100.0 0.5000 0.5000 0.5000
NaCl 100.0 needed as needed as needed
Sodium Xylene Sulfonate 41.5 needed as needed as needed
Kathon CG (Methylchloroisothiazolinone 100.0 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005
and Methylisothiazolinone)
Perfume/colors/other minors 100.0 needed as needed as needed
Q.S. Water- USP Purified 100.0 needed as needed as needed
The materials useful in the compositions are described in the Tables above are
listed by
their cosmetic and/or therapeutic benefit or their postulated mode of action
or function.
However, it is to be understood that the materials useful, in some instances,
provide more than
one benefit or function or operate via more than one mode of action.
Therefore, descriptions
herein are made for the sake of convenience and are not intended to limit an
ingredient to the
particularly stated application or applications listed.
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The compositions herein may further comprise various optional materials. While
not
essential for the purposes of the present invention, the non-limiting list of
materials, in addition
to the previously disclosed base materials, optional ingredients are suitable
for use in the process
disclosed herein to produce compositions, including cleaning compositions, and
may be
desirably incorporated in certain embodiments, for example to assist or
enhance cleaning
performance, for treatment of the substrate to be cleaned, or to modify the
aesthetics of the
composition as is the case with perfumes, colorants, dyes or the like. The
precise nature of these
additional components, and levels of incorporation thereof, will depend on the
physical form of
the composition and the nature of the cleaning operation for which it is to be
used. The optional
ingredients/ materials are usually formulated at less than about 15%, less
than about 12%, less
than about 10%, less than about 9%, less than about 8%, less than about 7%,
less than about 6%,
less than about 5%, less than about 4%, less than about 3%, less than about
2%, or less than
about 1%, of the total cleaning composition.
Suitable optional materials for cleaning composition can include, but are not
limited to,
surfactants, builders, chelating agents, dye transfer inhibiting agents,
dispersants, enzymes, and
enzyme stabilizers, catalytic materials, bleach activators, hydrogen peroxide,
sources of
hydrogen peroxide, preformed peracids, polymeric dispersing agents, clay soil
removal/anti-
redeposition agents, brighteners, suds suppressors, dyes, perfumes, structure
elasticizing agents,
fabric softeners, structurants, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids,
solvents and/or pigments.
The aforementioned materials may or may not serve as adjunct ingredients. In
addition to the
disclosure herein, suitable examples of adjuncts and levels of use are found
in U.S. Patent Nos.
5,576,282, 6,306,812 B1 and 6,326,348 B1.
As stated, the optional materials are not essential to Applicants'
compositions. Thus,
certain embodiments of Applicants' compositions do not contain one or more of
the following
adjuncts materials: surfactants, builders, chelating agents, dye transfer
inhibiting agents,
dispersants, enzymes, and enzyme stabilizers, catalytic materials, chelating
agents, bleach
activators, dye transfer inhibiting agents, hydrogen peroxide, sources of
hydrogen peroxide,
preformed peracids, polymeric dispersing agents, clay soil removal/anti-
redeposition agents,
brighteners, suds suppressors, dyes, perfumes, structure elasticizing agents,
fabric softeners,
carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids, solvents and/or pigments.
Suitable optional materials for the manufacture of personal care/cleansing
composition
can be materials comprise, but are not limited to, water, anti-dandruff
actives ( e.g.
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24
pyridinethione salts, azoles, selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur,
keratolytic agents, and mixtures
thereof); thickening agents; low density microspheres (e.g. Expancel 091 WE40
d24, Akzo
Nobel and others described in commonly owned and assigned U.S. Patent
Publication No.
2004/0092415A1 published on May 13, 2004); preservatives; antimicrobials;
fragrances;
chelators (e.g. such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,884 issued to
Bisset, et al.);
sequestrants; vitamins (e.g. Retinol); vitamin derivatives (e.g. tocophenyl
actetate, niacinamide,
panthenol); sunscreens; desquamation actives (e.g. such as those described in
U.S. Pat. No.
5,681,852 and 5,652,228 issued to Bisset); anti-wrinkle/ anti-atrophy actives
(e.g. N-acetyl
derivatives, thiols, hydroxyl acids, phenol); anti-oxidants (e.g. ascorbic
acid derivatives,
tocophenol) skin soothing agents/skin healing agents (e.g. panthenoic acid
derivatives, aloe vera,
allantoin); skin lightening agents (e.g. kojic acid, arbutin, ascorbic acid
derivatives) skin tanning
agents (e.g. dihydroxyacteone); polymeric phase structurant (e.g. naturally
derived polymers,
synthetic polymers, crosslinked polymers, block copolymers, copolymers,
hydrophilic polymers,
nonionic polymers, anionic polymers, hydrophobic polymers, hydrophobically
modified
polymers, associative polymers, and oligomers); a liquid crystalline phase
inducing structurant
(e.g. trihydroxystearin available from Rheox, Inc. under the trade name
THIXCIN R); organic
cationic deposition polymer (e.g. Polyquaternium 10 available from Amerchol
Corp. Edison,
N.J., USA, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride available as Jaguar C-17 from
Rhodia Inc.,
and N-Hance polymer series commercially available from Aqualon); particles
providing an
increased hair volume benefit (e.g. silicone resins, poly(meth)acrylates,
polyethylene, polyester,
polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyamide (e.g., nylon), epoxy
resins, urea resins,
acrylic powders, and the like); opacifying agents, suspending agents,
propellants, pH regulators
(e.g. triethanolamine); anti-acne medicaments; essential oils; sensates;
pigments; colorants;
pearlescent agents; interference pigments (e.g such as those disclosed in U.S.
Pat. No. 6,395,691
issued to Liang Sheng Tsaur, U.S. Pat. No. 6,645,511 issued to Aronson, et
al., U.S. Pat. No.
6,759,376 issued to Zhang, et al, U.S. Pat. No. 6,780,826 issued to Zhang, et
al.) particles (e.g.
talc, kolin, mica, smectite clay, cellulose powder, polysiloxane, silicas,
carbonates, titanium
dioxide, polyethylene beads) hydrophobically modified non-platelet particles
(e.g.
hydrophobically modified titanium dioxide and other materials described in a
commonly owned,
patent application published on Aug. 17, 2006 under Publication No.
2006/0182699A by Taylor,
et al.) and mixtures thereof. Other finishing materials can be promotional
ingredients, as
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described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0116539 entitled "Late variant
addition process
for personal care products" published on June 17, 2004.
Suitable optional materials for dentifrice bases can include, but are not
limited to,
surfactants, humectants, mouthwash compositions, water, flavors, extracts, pH
adjusting agents,
colorants and pigments, binders, cleaning agents, sweeteners, tartar control
agents,
antisensitivity agents, chelating agents, structurants, processing aids,
and/or visual aesthetics
such as mica, polyethylene specks, wax prills, and pigmented silica particles.
Suitable optional materials for base denture products include one or more
components
which provide flavor, fragrance, and/or sensate benefit including but not
limited to, natural or
artificial sweetening agents, menthol, menthyl lactate, wintergreen oil,
peppermint oil, spearmint
oil, leaf alcohol, clove bud oil, anethole, methyl salicylate, eucalyptol,
cassia, 1-menthyl acetate,
sage, eugenol, parsley oil, oxanone, alpha-irisone, marjoram, lemon, orange,
propenyl guaethol,
cinnamon, vanillin, thymol, linalool, cinnamaldehyde glycerol acetal (CGA),
carboxamides,
menthol, menthyl, ketals, diols, toxicologically accepted plasticizers,
colorants, thickeners,
preservatives, iodine, tricolsan, peroxides, sulfonamides, bisbiguanides,
phenolics, antibiotics,
antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory agents, dentinal desensitizing agents,
anesthetic agents,
aromatics, benzaldehyde, insulin, steroids, herbal and other plant derived
remedies, baking soda,
anti-neoplastics, and the like.
The cleansing phase and benefit phase may be present at any ratio with respect
to one
another. Preferably, the ratio of cleansing phase to benefit phase is at least
about 1:1, more
preferably at least about 2:1, and most preferably at least about 4:1
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being
strictly
limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise
specified, each such
dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range
surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is
intended to mean
"about 40 mm".
All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the Invention are, in
relevant part,
incorporated herein by reference; the citation of any document is not to be
construed as an
admission that it is prior art with respect to the present invention. To the
extent that any meaning
or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or
definition of the same
term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition
assigned to that term in
this document shall govern.
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While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated
and
described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other
changes and
modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. It is
therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and
modifications that are
within the scope of this invention.
