Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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RECEIVER-STOCK CONNECTOR
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention generally relates to firearms, and in
particular to a receiver-
stock connector system that facilitates assembly and disassembly of firearms.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Conventional firearms typically are assembled from their component
parts in
relatively complex assembly processes. For example, receivers for some
conventional
firearms may be curved at the rear end of the receiver to create a smooth
transition surface
from the receiver to the stock. The curved rear end of the receiver typically
has a
relatively small opening area that is reduced by the inward curvature at the
rear of the
receiver. This small opening area at the rear of the receiver may, however,
render it
difficult or impossible to properly insert the bolt assembly into the receiver
during
assembly of the firearm. As a result, it may be necessary to mount the bolt
assembly in
the receiver through the open bottom of the receiver. Also, clearances in
conventional
receiver openings may require rotation and/or pivoting of the bolt assembly in
order to
mount the bolt assembly in the receiver, which increases the complexity of the
assembly
line hardware.
[0003] Typical receiver-stock connections may also lack flexibility, such
as the ability to
attach varying stock types to the receiver. For example, receiver-stock
connections that
involve machining of the receiver according to certain specifications may
preclude the use
of varying stocks with the receiver, or may require extensive adaptation to
the assembly
process to accommodate different stocks.
[0004] Existing receiver-stock connections also require significant time
and effort to
remove or change out the stock, and change out often must be done by a trained
gunsmith.
Such limitations discourage removal, replacement, and change out of
conventional stock
configurations.
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SUMMARY
[0005] According to a first aspect of the invention, a method of assembling
a firearm
comprises attaching a first connector to a firearm stock, passing a bolt
assembly through
an open rear end of a receiver, seating a second connector in the receiver,
and biasing the
first connector toward the second connector to connect the receiver to the
stock.
[0006] According to a second aspect of the invention, a firearm comprises a
barrel, a
receiver, a stock, a first connector connected to the stock, and a second
connector seated
within the receiver. The first connector is biased toward the second connector
by a
receiver-stock attachment member, which in turn biases the receiver toward the
stock.
The first connector can have an exterior surface that provides a smooth
continuous
transition from the receiver to the stock. Because the first connector acts as
a transition
between the receiver and stock, it is not necessary to reduce the cross
section of the rear
of the receiver so that it conforms with a mating surface of the stock.
[0007] According to the above and various other aspects of the present
invention,
assembly of the firearm can be facilitated by translating the bolt assembly
through the
open rear end of the receiver. The bolt assembly can be mounted in the
receiver by, for
example, simple translations of the bolt assembly, including translation along
the
longitudinal axis or centerline of the receiver. Mounting of the bolt assembly
can be
achieved, for example, without undue or excessive rotation and/or pivoting of
the bolt
assembly.
[0008] Also according to the above and various aspects of the invention,
the stock for the
firearm can be easily removed and replaced with alternate stocks. The
configuration of
the first connector, which serves as the transition from receiver to stock,
can also be
varied to accommodate differing stock types. If the abovementioned aspects of
the
invention are practiced on an assembly line, the use of the first and second
connectors
allows the stock type to be changed with minimal retooling of manufacturing
lines, etc.
[0009] The foregoing and various other features, aspects, and advantages of
the invention
will become more apparent upon review of the detailed description of the
preferred
embodiments set forth below when taken in conjunction with the accompanying
drawing
figures, which are briefly described as follows.
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[0009a] In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a firearm,
comprising: a barrel arranged a longitudinal axis of the firearm; a receiver
operably
connected to the barrel; a stock; a first connector connected to the stock; a
second
connector at least partially disposed within the receiver, and a receiver-
stock attachment
member extending through a mounting aperture in the second connector and
through a
receiver mounting aperture in the first connector, wherein the receiver-stock
attachment
member biases the second connector towards the first connector, the first
connector has
a body with an exterior surface extending between the stock and the receiver,
the
exterior surface of the first connector being adjacent to an exterior surface
of the stock
and adjacent to an exterior surface of the receiver, and the exterior surface
of the first
connector includes an upper surface that is curved along a direction of the
longitudinal
axis and curved along a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis.
1009b1 In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a
firearm, comprising: a barrel; a receiver operably connected to the barrel; a
stock; a first
connector connected to the stock, the first connector having a body with an
exterior
surface extending between an exterior surface of the stock and an exterior
surface of the
receiver, and a stock mounting projection received within a stock mounting
cavity in
the stock; a second connector seated within an interior of the receiver; and a
receiver-
stock attachment member extending through a mounting bore in the second
connector
and through a receiver mounting aperture in the first connector, wherein the
receiver-
stock attachment member biases the second connector toward the first
connector.
[009c] In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there
is provided a
firearm, comprising: a barrel; a receiver operably connected to the barrel; a
trigger
assembly operably connected to the receiver; a stock; a first connector
connected to the
stock; a second connector slidably seated within at least one slot in an
interior of the
receiver, the second connector having a forward face that is adjacent to an
interior
volume of the receiver, and a rear face that faces the first connector; and a
receiver-
stock attachment member connecting the second connector to the first
connector, the
receiver-stock attachment member extending through a mounting bore in the
second
connector and through a receiver mounting aperture in the first connector.
2a
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,
[009d] In accordance with a further aspect of the present
invention, there is provided a
method of assembling a firearm, comprising: providing a receiver; providing a
stock;
attaching a first connector to the stock; seating a second connector within an
interior of
the receiver; passing a receiver-stock attachment member through a mounting
bore of
the second connector; and threading the receiver-stock attachment member into
the first
connector, wherein threading the receiver-stock attachment member into the
first
connector biases the second connector toward the first connector and also
biases the
receiver toward the stock.
[009e] In accordance with a further aspect of the present
invention, there is provided a
method of assembling a firearm, comprising: providing a receiver; providing a
stock;
attaching a first connector to the stock; mounting a bolt assembly in the
receiver;
slidably mounting a second connector, along a direction generally transverse
to a
longitudinal axis of the receiver, into at least one slot formed within a rear
portion of
the receiver; and biasing the second connector toward the first connector with
a
receiver-stock attachment member.
[00911 In accordance with a further aspect of the present
invention, there is provided a
method of assembling a firearm, comprising: providing a receiver having an
open rear
end and a longitudinal axis extending along a length of the receiver;
providing a stock;
attaching a first connector to the stock; mounting a bolt assembly within the
receiver,
wherein mounting the bolt assembly comprises passing the bolt assembly through
the
open rear end of the receiver and translating the bolt assembly through an
interior of the
receiver toward a front of the receiver; after mounting the bolt assembly
within the
receiver, mounting a second connector to the receiver at a location behind the
bolt
assembly; and biasing the second connector toward the first connector.
2b
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES
[0010] According to common practice, the various features of the drawings
discussed
below are not necessarily drawn to scale. Dimensions of various features and
elements in
the drawings may be expanded or reduced to more clearly illustrate the
embodiments of
the invention.
[0011] FIG. 1 illustrates a firearm having a receiver-stock connector
according to a first
embodiment of the invention.
[0012] FIGS. 2-4 illustrate a first connector of the receiver-stock
connector.
[0013] FIGS. 5-7 illustrate a second connector of the receiver-stock
connector.
[0014] FIG. 8 illustrates an assembly step in which the first connector is
attached to the
stock of the firearm.
[0015] FIG. 9 illustrates an assembly step in which the second connector is
seated within
the receiver of the firearm.
[0016] FIG. 10 illustrates an assembly step in which the receiver is
connected to the
stock.
[0017] FIG. 11 is a section view of the connection of the receiver to the
stock by the
receiver-stock connector.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] FIG. 1 illustrates a firearm 100 including a receiver 110, a stock
140, a barrel
160, a gas operating mechanism 165, and a trigger assembly 170. A longitudinal
axis X1
of the firearm 100 is illustrated as extending generally parallel and
collinear with the
longitudinal axis of the barrel 160. The firearm 100 may also include a bolt
assembly
(not illustrated) which may be of conventional design, such as a bolt assembly
having a
bolt carrier and a rotating bolt head.
[0019] According to one aspect of the invention, the receiver 110 is
connected to the
stock 140 by a receiver-stock connector 5 comprising a first connector 10 and
a second
connector 60 (shown in FIG. 9, the second connector 60 is located within the
receiver
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REPLACEMENT SHEET
110 and is not visible in FIG. 1). The connection between the first and second
connectors 10, 601s further illustrated in section in FIGS. 10-11. Referring
to
FIG. 1, in the assembled firearm 100, the first connector 10 is located
between a
rear rind 112 of the receiver 110 and a front end 142 of the stock 140 such
that the
first connector 10 serves as a smooth and continuous transition piece
connecting
the receiver 110 to the stock 140. The second connector 60 (FIG. 11) may be
alidahly and removably seated within the receiver 110 and facilitates biasing
of
the receiver 110 toward the stock 140 during assembly of the firearm 100.
[0020] The firearm 100 may be, example, a shotgun, rifle or other long
gun
having a receiver and a stock Other firearms having a receiver and a stock
could
be adapted to incorporate a receiver-stock connector system and method
according to the present invention. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment,
the
firearm 100 is an auto-loading rifle. In this specification, the terms
"above,"
"below," "upper," "lower," "side," "rear," "forward," etc. are determined in
relation to a firearm oriented in an upright firing position as shown in FIG.
1, the
barrel end of the firearm being the "forward" end of the firearm and the stock
end
being the "rear" end.
[0021] FIGS. 2-4 illustrate the first connector 10 of the receiver-stock
connector
5. The first connector 10 has a generally tubular or hollow body 12, a rear
wall
20 at the rear of the body 12, a stock mounting projection 24, and a receiver
mounting projection 28. A first forward alignment projection 30 and a pair of
second forward alignment projections project from a forward face 32 of the
body
12, while a rear alignment projection 36 projects from a rear face 38 of the
rear
wall 20 of the body 12. The rear wall 20 of the connector 10 may be oriented
obliquely with respect to the forward face 32 of the body 12.
[00221 Referring to FIG. 2, the receiver mounting projection 28 generally
includes a receiver mounting aperture 40 formed therethrough. The receiver
mounting aperture 40 may be, for example, a blind bore threaded aperture. A
stock mounting aperture 42 may extend through the rear wall 20 of the body 12,
below and adjacent to the receiver mounting aperture 40. The body 12 of the
first
connector 10 has a curved top wall 44 and generally fiat or planar sidewalls
46.
The top wall 44, the sidewalls 46 and the rear wall 20 define a partially
closed
interior volume 48 of the first connector 10.
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[0023] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the forward face 32 of the body 12 can
be
generally flat or planar, and can include a curved or arched section defining
the
curved top wall 44. The first forward alignment projection 30 projects
forwardly
from the forward face 32 and may have a curved or arched upper profile along
the
top wall 44. The arched upper profile of the first forward aLigiunent
projection 30
may be selected, for example, to conform to an upper interior surface of the
receiver 110, as discussed in further detail below with reference to FIGS. 10
and
11. Still referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the second forward alignment projections
34
project forwardly from the forward face 32 at a lower portion of the connector
body 12. The forward alignment projections 34 are spaced from one another
across the open forward end of the body 12, and may be defined at their bottom
surfaces by undercut portions 50.
[00241 Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the rear face 38 of the body 12
generally can
be flat or planar and can be curved or arched at the top wall 44. The rear
alignment projection 36 projects rearwardly from an upper portion of the rear
face
38 and can have the form of a generally cylindrical stud with a frustoconical
end,
although other configurations can also be used. The stock mounting projection
24
projects downwardly and rearwardly from a medial portion of the rear wall 20
and
can include a bore or cavity 54 formed therein. A plurality of spaced annular
mounting ridges 56 are formed along the length of the stock mounting
projection
24 to ensure the connector 10 is secured seated in the stock 140.
[0025] As shown in FIG. 3, the upper profile of the top wall 44 can be
curved or
arched along a length of the first connector 10, in the direction of the
curved
arrow 57. The curved arrow 57 indicates curvature extending generally along a
longitudinal (i.e., from barrel to stock) direction of the first connector 10.
As
shown in FIG. 4, the upper profile of the top wall 44 can also be curved in a
transverse direction, along the curved arrow 58. Referring also to FIG. 1, in
the
region where the first connector 10 is adjacent the stock 140, the upper
surface of
the first connector and the stock can have similar or identical curvatures
along the
length of the firearm (i.e., longitudinal curvatures), and from one side to
the other
side of the firearm (i.e., transverse curvatures). Similarly, in the region
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where the first connector 10 is adjacent the receiver 110, the upper surface
of the first
connector and the receiver can have similar or identical transverse
curvatures. The
longitudinal and transverse curvatures of the upper profile of the top wall 44
of the first
connector 10 thereby provide a substantially smooth transition surface between
the
receiver 110 and the stock 140 along the upper surface of the firearm 100.
[0026] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the transverse curvature of the top wall
44 transitions
to the generally planar sidewalls 46 of the body 12 at transitions 59.
Referring also to
FIG. 1, the width of the first connector 10, which corresponds to a width
measured across
the sidewalls 46, can also correspond to the width of the receiver 110 where
the first
connector 10 is joined to the receiver and to the width of the stock 140 where
the first
connector 10 is joined to the stock. The first connector 10 thereby provides a
substantially smooth transition surface between the stock 140 and the receiver
110 at the
sides of the firearm 100.
[0027] FIGS. 5-7 illustrate the second connector 60 of the receiver-stock
connector 5.
The second connector 60 comprises a head 62, a medial portion 64 below the
head 62,
two spaced elongate legs 66 extending downwardly from the medial portion 64,
and a
mounting wall 68 extending between and connecting the legs 66.
[0028] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the medial portion 64 connects the legs
66 to the head
62, and includes curved shoulders 70 located above the points of attachment of
the legs
66 to the medial portion 64. The head 62 includes a through hole bolt
clearance bore 72.
The bolt clearance bore 72 is sized to allow a rear of a firearm bolt to
reciprocate
therethrough. A through hole mounting aperture 74 extends through the inclined
mounting wall 68. The mounting wall 68 has a forward face 76 that is inclined
with
respect to a forward face 78 of the second connector 60. The upper surface 80
of the head
62 may be curved or arched, and can generally conform in contour to an
interior surface
of the receiver 110, as discussed in further detail below with reference to
FIG. 9.
[0029] According to one aspect of the invention, the firearm 100
illustrated in FIG. 1 can
be assembled from its individual components. In general, the receiver-stock
connector 5,
the receiver 110, the stock 140, the barrel 160, the gas operating mechanism
165, and the
trigger assembly 170, as well as a bolt assembly and other conventional
elements utilized
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in the construction of firearms, can be supplied as separate elements and
assembled
together. In one exemplary method of assembly, the receiver 110, the barrel
160, and the
gas operating mechanism 165 are assembled together, followed by a mounting a
bolt
assembly in the receiver 110. The rear of the receiver 110 is then connected
to the
forward end of the stock 140 using the receiver-stock connector 5. The trigger
assembly
170 is afterward integrated with the remainder of the firearm at the lower end
of the
receiver 110. Connection of the receiver 110 and stock 140 by the receiver-
stock
connector 5 and mounting of the bolt assembly within the receiver are
discussed below
with reference to FIGS. 8-10.
[0030] FIG. 8 illustrates the first connector 10 attached to the stock 140.
Referring also
to FIG. 11, to attach the first connector 10 to the stock 140, the stock
mounting projection
24 is pressed into a stock mounting cavity 144 in the stock. As the stock
mounting
projection 24 is pressed into the stock mounting cavity 144, the first
connector 10 can be
rotated about the stock mounting projection 24 so that the rear alignment
projection 36
enters a stock alignment aperture 146 to ensure that the connector 10 is
properly aligned
on the stock 140. The first connector 10 can be pressed against the stock 140
until the
face 38 of the rear wall 20 abuts the front end 142 of the stock 140. The
mounting ridges
56 of the stock mounting projection 24 further can be sized to create an
interference fit
with the stock mounting cavity 144 and thereby help securely retain the first
connector 10
in place.
[0031] Still referring to FIGS. 8 and 11, after the first connector 10 is
seated on the stock
140, a threaded attachment member 150 can be passed through the stock mounting
aperture 42 in the rear wall 20 and into an aperture 148 in the stock 140. The
threaded
member 150 is screwed into the aperture 148 to further secure the first
connector 10 to the
stock 140. If desired, the stock mounting cavity 144 can be filled with an
adhesive
medium 145 such as epoxy before attaching the first connector 10 to the stock
140. The
adhesive medium 145 can be used to create a permanent attachment between the
first
connector 10 and the stock 140 and to help seal the stock mounting cavity as
needed or
desired. As shown in FIG. 8, when the first connector 10 is attached to the
stock 140, the
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exterior profile across the stock 140 and the first connector 10 can be a
substantially
smooth and continuous surface.
[0032] FIG. 9 illustrates the seating of components within the receiver 110
prior to
attaching the receiver to the stock 140. In FIG. 9, the trigger assembly 170
(illustrated in
FIG. 1) is not yet mounted to the receiver 110. According to one aspect of the
invention,
before the second connector 60 is seated within the receiver 110, the rear of
the receiver
110 is open for the insertion of firearm components into the receiver. For
example, a
bolt, a bolt carrier assembly, etc. (not illustrated) can be inserted into the
receiver 110
along the longitudinal axis X2 of the receiver, which may be collinear or
parallel with the
longitudinal axis X1 illustrated in FIG. 1. The area of the opening at the
rear of the
receiver 110 is relatively large, and can generally be as large as the
interior cross section
of the receiver 110. Therefore, components having dimensions that are as large
as or
nearly as large as the interior volume of the receiver 110 can be inserted
axially through
the open rear of the receiver.
[0033] Still referring to FIG. 9, after any desired components are inserted
in the receiver
110, the second connector 60 is seated within the receiver 110 by passing the
second
connector through vertically oriented guide slots 116 formed in generally
planar sidewalls
118 of the receiver 110. The second connector 60 is pushed or slid into the
receiver 110
until the shoulders 70 of the second connector abut side mounting slots 122
formed in the
interior surfaces of the sidewalls 118 (only one of the slots 122 is visible
in FIG. 9). At
the same time, the head 62 of the second connector 60 is seated in upper
mounting slots
126 defined between raised portions 127, 128 in the interior of the receiver
110. The
upper surface 80 of the second connector 60 can abut the interior upper
surface of the
receiver 110 when the second connector is seated within the receiver 110. The
upper
surface 80 and the abutting interior portion of the receiver 110 can have, for
example,
similar, complementary profiles. The second connector 60 may be slidably
received in
the slots 122, 126 in the receiver 110 along a direction X3 generally
transverse to the
longitudinal axis X2 (e.g., a "vertical" direction) of the receiver 110.
[0034] After the second connector 60 is seated within the receiver 110, and
the first
connector 10 is joined to the front of the stock 140, the receiver 110 can be
connected to
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the stock 140. FIG. 10 is a partial cutaway view illustrating initial
engagement of the
receiver 110 with the stock 140. In FIG. 10, the sidewalls of the receiver 110
and the
first connector 10 are removed to show engagement of the first connector with
the
receiver. The receiver 110 is engaged with the stock 140 by mounting each of
the second
forward alignment projections 34 on the first connector 10 in one of a pair of
mounting
notches 117 (also shown in FIG. 9) in the receiver sidewalls 118. The first
connector 10
(and the attached stock 140) is then pivoted in the direction of the arrow A
to bring the
forward face 32 of the first connector 10 adjacent the rear 112 of the
receiver 110. The
first forward alignment projection 30 has an upper arch profile that can be
complementary
to an interior upper surface of the receiver 110 so that the first connector
10 is easily
aligned within the upper rear interior of the receiver 110.
100351 FIG. 11 is a section view illustrating the receiver 110 connected to
the stock 140
by the first and second connectors 10, 60. With the receiver 110 and stock 140
in the
orientation shown in FIG. 10, and with the trigger assembly 170 still detached
from the
receiver 110, a receiver-stock attachment member 156 is passed through the
mounting
bore 74 in the second connector 60 and threaded into the receiver mounting
aperture 40 in
the first connector 10. The receiver-stock attachment member 156 can be
threaded tightly
in the aperture 40 in order to draw the second connector 60 tightly toward the
first
connector 10. The second connector 60, which is seated within the mounting
slots 116,
122, 126 (shown in FIG. 9) in the receiver 110, draws the receiver 110 toward
the first
connector 10 as the attachment member 156 is tightened. The receiver-stock
attachment
member 156 can be tightened, for example, by passing a tightening tool, such
as a screw
driver, Allen wrench, etc., through the open bottom of the receiver 110 and
engaging the
tool with the member 156. The attachment member 156 can be, for example, a hex
head
screw, or another type of threaded member with a head portion adapted for
tightening by
a variety of tools.
100361 After the attachment member 156 has been tightened, the trigger
assembly 170
can be mounted to the bottom of the receiver 110 using pins mounted in
apertures 130
and 129 (shown in FIG. 9) in the sidewalls 118 of the receiver 110 to complete
assembly
of the firearm 100 (FIG. 1). Still referring to FIG. 11, in the firearm
interior, the axial
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clearance bore 72 in the second connector 60 is axially (i.e., along the
longitudinal axis of
the receiver 110) aligned with the interior volume 48 of the first connector
10. The
clearance bore 72 and the interior volume 48 provide clearance for the firearm
bolt (not
shown) as it moves rearwardly after firing.
[0037] As shown in FIG. 10, when the firearm 100 is assembled, the first
connector 10 is
seated securely between the receiver 110 and the stock 140 such that the
exterior of the
firearm 100 has a smooth and continuous profile across the transition from the
stock 140,
to the connector 10, and to the receiver 110.
[0038] In the assembly steps illustrated in FIGS. 9-11, the receiver 110
may be inverted
(i.e., top side down) to facilitate insertion of internal firearm components
and attachment
of the trigger assembly 170.
[0039] The firearm 100 can be partially disassembled by disconnecting the
trigger
assembly 170 from the bottom of the receiver 110 and disengaging the
attachment
member 156 from the first connector 10. A new stock, or a stock of alternative
configuration, for example, can then be attached to the receiver 110. The
configuration of
the first connector 10 can be varied in order to attach to differing types of
stock so that the
receiver need not be altered (e.g., by machining, or requiring internal
fittings, etc.) to
accommodate various stock types.
[0040] According to the above embodiment, internal components accommodated
within
the receiver, such as a bolt assembly, for example, can be inserted through
the open end
of the receiver before the second connector is seated within the receiver. The
open area at
the rear of the receiver can generally be a large as the interior cross
section of the receiver
so that any of the components accommodated in the receiver can be inserted
through the
rear of the receiver. In one exemplary method of assembly, the bolt assembly
is inserted
without necessarily requiring rotation of the bolt assembly. The bolt assembly
also may
be inserted in the receiver without necessarily requiring pivoting the
assembly.
[0041] The embodiment discussed above is described as useful in shotguns,
rifles, and
other long guns. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the
present
invention further can be adapted for use in various other types of firearms as
well.
CA 02696960 2014-05-05
100421 Also according to the above embodiment, the receiver-stock connector
5 can be
used for connecting various types, designs, or configurations of stocks for
firearms,
including pistol grips, folding stocks, conventional standard full length
shoulder stocks,
and other stock assemblies. The receiver-stock connector facilitates the
attachment of
differing stock types with minimal change in manufacturing facilities.
[0043] The first and second connectors 10, 60 of the receiver-stock
connector 5 may be
formed from rigid materials such as, for example, steel, aluminum and other
metals, or
other high strength materials including synthetic or plastic materials. The
stock can be
formed from materials such as wood, composites, and other materials used to
manufacture firearm stocks as known in the art.
[0044] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that while the
present invention
has been discussed above with reference to preferred embodiments, various
additions,
modifications, and variations can be made thereto without departing from the
scope of
the present invention.
11
