Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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The insole
Technical field
The invention relates to an inserting insole from the upper side provided
with shaping corresponding to the form of impression of bottom part of a human
foot sole with smooth toe section, and from the bottom side with shaping
corresponding to bottom part of a human foot sole with smooth toe section.
The invention also relates to a stretching insole from the upper side
provided with shaping corresponding to the form of impression of bottom part
of
a human foot sole with smooth toe section.
Background art
At present, several different types of inserting or stretching insoles are
used, which should in a most comfortable and suitable manner act upon the
human foot, to render it the most ideal support, and in some cases also to
stimulate some of the ceptors being in the foot sole.
The solution according to DE 3406504 belongs to representatives of this
group, where the insole besides others comprises a layer formed by a cork pulp
with a soft binding, which during wearing adjusts to the form of a bottom
section
of user's foot. Also JP 2001299408 deals with a similar solution, where one of
the insole layers is made of cork, which after a longer wearing adjusts to the
form of bottom surface of the human sole. Nevertheless both these solutions
have their disadvantages when to the most substantial belongs the fact that if
the user has a foot which is unsuitably shaped, e.g. the flat-foot, or he
treads
fully on one's foot in an unsuitable manner etc., the insole shapes itself so
that
at a further wearing it impairs this defect instead to eliminate it, or at
least not to
support this defect, and so to improve the quality of user's tread.
Another way how to adjust the insole to the form of a human 'foot is to
create a relief on an upper surface of the insole which is in contact with a
human foot, at the same time this relief by its form and arrangement rather
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corresponds to the form of the sole. The solution according to GB 1491489 or
according to JP 7039402 belongs among such solutions, when a surface of the
insole is shaped by means of a system of protrusions and dimples. The
disadvantage of such solutions is that these insoles are shaped in accordance
with a unified form of human foot, hence disregarding an individual shaping,
which features especially in a diversity of forms and inclination of toes so
that in
this case the toes of a foot adjust to the structure of the insole while it
should
happen, in fact, vice versa. Usage of such insoles is therefore not suitable,
moreover not comfortable.
The structure of insoles of both described types results in that during
their usage ¨ during walking, but also during sporting all the muscles of
lower
limbs are not engaged ideally, neither the weight of a human body is not
distributed ideally between the big toe joint, little toe joint and the heel
bone.
Weight of the body at these embodiments on each leg is distributed into three
supports, among the big toe joint, little toe joint and the heel bone, as
represented in the Fig. A by means of crosses. In the points of supports of
the
foot sole created on the insole the foot sole is supported in a fixed manner.
Due
to this even at a healthy man with normally shaped foot this leads to an
excessive loading of some muscles or ligaments of a foot sole, thus to atrophy
and shortening of other not used muscles, to an excessive loading of the big
toe
joint, and in some cases also to an injury of vascular system in a transversal
and longitudinal instep of the bottom sole of a foot, the result of which is
not
only an abnormal tiredness, but also further physical, possibly even psychic
problems, that become worse with the age.
These disadvantages are remedied by the insole according to the CZ
patent 298894, or according to analogical application of European patent EP
07466013.5, which from the upper side is provided with shaping corresponding
to the shape of impression of bottom part of a human foot with recess for the
toe joint and with a smooth toe section and from the lower side with shaping
corresponding to a shape of bottom part of a human foot sole with smooth toe
section. This shaping ensures to the user a correct full tread and
simultaneously
natural engagement of all muscles and ligaments of foot sole, and implicitly
also
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of the whole lower limb, without excessive loading of bones of the foot sole,
its
blood system or in it positioned nerves, as the body weight during walking is
spread into seven supports, which consist of the toe and all fingers, of the
outside lateral section of the foot sole and the heel as it is represented in
the
Fig. B by means of crosses. The planar toe section at the same time
accommodates to individual shaping and sloping of toes, which further
considerably increases the quality and comfort of walking. Nevertheless it
appears recently, that this insole is advantageous first of all at the user's
motion, when the foot sole us dynamically loaded by the weight of a human
body ¨ during walking, running or sporting. Its positive effects vice versa
partially or totally disappear in cases when the foot sole is loaded
statically, thus
especially in situations, when the user stands or sits for a longer periods,
possibly when he changes periods of sitting or standing with shorter periods
of
walking, etc. This is typical first of all for sedentary occupations,
especially for
officials, professional drivers, but also for handicapped people, possibly for
standing attendants of various devices, etc. At this static loading there is a
different load of the foot sole and its sections when compared with situation
with
dynamic loading during walking or running, at the same time the Achilles
tendon
and to it connected peroneuses are released, and on the contrary against it
positioned muscles and ligaments of the foot sole are extremely loaded and
indirectly also the front tibialis muscle, etc. Hence, during sitting the
insole
according to the CZ patent 298894 behaves in the same or similar manner as
the other to date known insoles and the effects which are acting during
walking
are not effective in this case.
All the time a greater portion of population suffers ankle offset, problems
with knees, hips and similar which are healed operatively. The offset of ankle
at
children causes walking disability when the child is confined to a wheelchair.
The goal of the invention is to reduce or totally remedy the shortcomings
of the background art and to create a suitable insole destined for situations,
when the user's foot sole is loaded statically only for a longer time. At the
same
time the requirement is that this insole does not support an offset of ankle,
possibly at least its partial elimination.
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Principle of the invention
The goal of the invention has been achieved by the insole according to
the invention whose principle consists in that in the heel section of the
insole the
recess or reduction is performed in which the heel bone depression is created.
Thanks to this the user's heel is positioned under the level of other parts
of the foot sole, and so at static loading it is partially stretched which
causes
loading of Achilles tendon and of other to it related muscles and ligaments,
and
on the contrary reduction in loading of against it arranged muscles and
ligaments of the foot sole. Thanks to this all muscles and ligaments involved
are loaded naturally and uniformly, so that the foot sole and ankle and
implicitly
also the knee are maintained in a natural position without any offset,
possibly
they through effect of forces between the said muscles and ligaments action in
vertical direction.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention there is provided
an insole comprising a carrying layer and on it positioned dilatation layer,
which
is on an upper side provided with shaping corresponding to a form of
impression of bottom part of a human foot sole with planar and smooth toe
section, which continues to from a middle section of the insole with a
recession
of big toe joint, at least one recession of little toe joints, a support of
transversal
instep, a support of longitudinal instep, a support of splint bone, a
recession of
splint bone and a protrusion of a support of cuboid bone, which continues to
form a heel section of the insole with heel recession, and which is on its
bottom
side provided with shaping corresponding to the bottom part of a human foot
sole with planar and smooth toe section, which continues to form a middle
section with a protrusion of the big toe joint, at least one protrusion of
little toe
joints, a deflection of the support of transversal instep, a deflection of the
support of longitudinal instep, a deflection of splint bone, a deflection of
longitudinal splint bone and a deflection of the support of cuboid bone, which
continues to form a heel section of the insole with heel protrusion, whereas
at
least part of the heel section of the insole with the heel recession is on the
upper side of the insole lowered with respect to the middle section of the
insole
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and the heel recession (12) is the lowermost part of the insole (1) on its
upper
side (12).
Description of the drawing
Example of embodiment of the insole according to the invention is
schematically represented in the enclosed drawings where Fig. 1A shows a
view to the upper side of insole provided with depression in the heel section,
Fig. 1B a view to upper side of insole provided with recess in the heel
section in
the place and vicinity of the heel recession, Fig. 2 cross-section II ¨ II of
the
insole according to Fig. 1, Fig. 3 cross-section III¨Ill through the insole
according to Fig. 1, Fig. 4 cross-section IV¨IV through the insole according
to
Fig. 1, Fig. 5A cross-section V¨V through the insole according to Fig. 1A,
Fig.
5B cross-section V¨V through the insole according to Fig. 1B, Fig. 6A cross-
section VI¨VI through the insole according to Fig. 1A, Fig. 6B cross-section
VI-
VI through the insole according to Fig. 1B, Fig. 7A cross-section VII¨VII
through
the insole according to Fig. 1A, Fig. 7B cross-section VII¨VII through the
insole
according to Fig. 1B.
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The drawings A and B represent a layout of supports of the foot sole at
the insoles according to the background art, Fig. A is a common insole, Fig. B
is
the insole according to CZ 298894.
5 Examples of embodiment
Execution of the insole will be described on example of embodiment of
the independent inserting insole, nevertheless the principle of the invention
may
fully be applicable also at reconstruction of stretching insoles, possibly
also
other shoemaker's products.
The insole 1 in its ground plan represented in the Fig. 1 by its shape and
size is similar to the shape and size of a human foot sole, it comprises the
toe
section 10, which in the represented variant is planar and smooth both from
the
upper as well as bottom side. The toe section of the insole continues to form
the middle section 100, which further continues to form the heel section 1000
of
the insole 1. The toe section 10 of the insole 1 provides support for toes of
the
foot sole. The middle section 100 of the insole 1 provides a flexible support
both
for transversal as well as longitudinal instep of the foot sole, for joints of
individual toes and for other parts of the foot sole, and the heel section of
the
insole provides support to the heel.
As it is obvious from Fig. 2 to 8, the insole 1 in the represented example
of embodiment consists of four layers, while the most important is the
carrying
layer 2, which is formed of a pressed cork, and in which the shaping of the
insole 1 is performed. The carrying layer 2 in the represented embodiment from
the bottom side is strengthened with a layer 21 of textile, which is bonded to
it.
On upper side of the carrying layer 2 there is positioned the dilatation layer
3
made of flexible, easy deformable material, which is further covered with
covering layer 4. The covering layer 4 forms the full-tread section of the
insole
1, which is in contact with the foot sole, and preferably it is made e.g. of
genuine
leather or other similar material, which is pleasant to touch, and which
simultaneously is able to drain away humidity into other sections of the
insole
and/or footwear, etc. The dilatation layer 3 may also be formed of fibrous
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formation of carbon filaments or such formation may be inserted as another
layer into the insole.
Through recess in the carrying layer 2 on the upper side 11 of the middle
section 100 of the insole 1 there is performed recession 5 of big toe joint,
whose
positioning and shape correspond to positioning and shape of a big toe joint
of
human foot sole. The recession 5 of the big toe joint at the same time merges
via the elastic support 56 of the transversal instep into the recession 6 of
little
toe joints, whose positioning and shape correspond to positioning and shape of
joints of other toes of a human foot sole, so that it features approximately a
kidney-like shape. The recession 6 of little toe joints may in further not
represented examples of embodiment be replaced by several recessions, being
shaped individually for each joint of other toes of a human foot sole or e.g.
for
couples of these joints, etc. Due to the arrangement of the big toe joint and
joints of other toes on bottom surface of a human foot sole, the recession 5
of
the big toe joint is positioned with respect to the tip of the insole 1 higher
than
the recession 6 of little toe joints, and it is deeper. Greater depth of the
recession 5 of big toe joint is mostly created by incurvation of the carrying
layer
4, which in further examples of embodiment may be added by a hole performed
in dilatation layer 3 of the insole 1 in a place of the recession 5 of big toe
joint or
by means of a change in thickness of dilatation layer 3 or by means of another
suitable manner.
Bottom portion of the recession 5 of big toe joint, inner edge of the
recession 6 of the little toe joints and between them created support 56 of
transversal instep merge continually into the support 7 of longitudinal
instep,
which is formed by a convex deflection of a corresponding section of carrying
layer 2 of the insole 1. Shape and dimensions of the support 7 of longitudinal
instep are selected taking into account the longitudinal instep of a human
foot
sole.
The recession 6 of little toe joints further in its bottom section via the
elastic support 68 of splint bone created by a continuous heightening of the
common edge merges into the recession 8 of splint bone, whose size and
shape are derived from the size and shape of the longitudinal splint bone of a
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human foot sole. The recession 8 of splint bone is formed of a concave
deflection of a corresponding section of the carrying layer 2 and it is
arranged
along the support 7 of longitudinal instep, into which along its length it
continuously merges. In its bottom section the recession 8 of longitudinal
splint
bone in direction externally the insole 1 merges into the protrusion 9 of the
support of cuboid bone.
Due to the fact that the carrying layer 2 of the insole 1 in the toe as well
as middle section of insole is of a constant thickness, the bottom side 110 of
the
insole 1 is shaped negatively with respect to its upper side 11. The bottom
side
110 of the insole represented in Figs. 2 to 7B thus comprises the planar toe
section, to which the middle section merges, in which under the recession 5 of
big toe joint of the upper side 11 of the insole 1 the protrusion 51 of the
big toe
joint is performed, under the protrusion 56 of the support of transversal
instep
the deflection 561 of the support of transversal instep is performed, and
under
the recession 6 of little toe joints the protrusion 61 of little toe joints is
performed. The protrusion 61 of little toe joints is usually lower than the
protrusion 51 of big toe joint. Under the protrusion 68 of the support of
splint
bone there is further performed deflection of splint bone, under the recession
8
of longitudinal splint bone there is performed deflection 81 of longitudinal
splint
bone, under the protrusion 7 of the support of transversal instep there is
performed deflection 71 of the support of transversal instep, under the
protrusion 9 of the support of cuboid bone there is performed deflection of
the
support of cuboid bone.
On upper side 11 of the heel section 1000 of the insole 1 there is further
performed by means of a concave deflection of the carrying layer 4 the heel
recession 12 under which on the bottom side of the insole 1 the heel
protrusion
121 is performed.
The thickness of the insole 1 moreover in the area of the heel section
1000 in direction from the upper side of the insole 1 is lowered with respect
to
other sections of the insole t especially towards the recession 8 of splint
bone
and the support 7 of transversal instep. As it is apparent from Fig. 6,
reduction
120 in thickness of the insole 1 in the represented example of embodiment is
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achieved by reducing the thickness of the carrying layer 2. Nevertheless this
may in another not represented examples of embodiments be replaced or
added through reducing the thickness of the dilatation layer 3 and/or covering
layer 4 in the heel area 1000 of the insole 1, possibly through creation of a
hole
-- in some of them or through omitting some of the layers in this section of
the
insole 1. In example of embodiment according to Fig. 1A thickness of the
insole
1 is reduced along the whole width of the heel section 1000 and the heel
recession 12 is created in this reduced heel section.
At embodiment according to the Fig. 1B in the heel section 1000 of the
-- insole 1 the recess 1201 is created in the place of the heel recession 12,
while
in the top view the recess 1201 is greater than the size of the heel recession
12, which is performed inside of this recess 1201.
At the same time it is preferred if the transitions between the heel
recession 12, the depression 120 or recess 1201 and the adjacent sections of
-- the insole 1 are smooth.
The size of the depression 120 or the recess 1201 of the heel section
1000 of the insole varies from 1 to 8 mm, while the optimum effects are
achieved in the range from 2 to 5 mm.
On the bottom side of the insole 1 there is preserved the required height
-- of the heel protrusion 121 towards further sections of the insole 1, and
this
serves together with the protrusion 51 of the big toe joint and the protrusion
61
of the little toe joints as one of the main supports of the insole.
On condition a horizontal underlay is available, the user's heel is
positioned lower than other parts of the foot sole, through which at
immobility of
-- the foot sole e.g. during sitting or standing a permanent stretching and
loading
of Achilles tendon occurs, and also of other muscles, which directly or
indirectly
relate to it. These are especially the peroneuses, the surae triceps, and the
inner as well as outer flexors. At the same time the loading of muscles and
ligaments arranged against the Achilles tendon is reduced, especially of the
-- deep protractors of the leg and toes (extensors) and of the front tibialis
muscle.
Thanks to this the foot sole and ankle are fixed in an axial position, when
their
loading is evenly and naturally distributed between the corresponding muscles
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and ligaments. Thanks to this there is no wilful either unconscious correction
of
their position which is usual upon usage of common shoemaker's products,
which leads even to permanent off-axis positioning of heel and/or ankle in
outwards direction or to other important changes in structure of the lower
limb,
that are accompanied by a physical pain, lowered concentration ability and
other symptoms reducing the quality of life. A suitable distribution of
loading in
area of the foot sole and ankle causes a similar effect also in the area of
the
knee, where again occurs a partial release of to date extremely stressed
muscles and ligaments, and on the contrary loading of those so far not loaded
or those loaded insufficiently and unevenly. The insole 1 according to the
invention thanks to its effect is suitable for application in situations, when
the
foot sole is mostly loaded in static manner, thus when the user is sitting or
standing for a longer periods, possibly when he changes sitting and/or
standing
with shorter intervals of walking or other motion. At the same time it is
preferred
if this insole 1 is inserted freely or in a removable manner in the footwear,
thus it
is exchangeable with other types of insoles, e.g. with the insole according to
the
CZ patent 298894, or according to the analogic application of European patent
EP 07466013.5, which shows similar wholesome effects on the foot sole and
the whole lower limb during motion and upon the dynamic loading.
In another not represented example of embodiment lessening in
thickness of the insole 1 in area of the heel recession 12 has been achieved
by
omitting the carrying layer 4, possibly by removing a whole heel section of
the
insole 1, when the support for heel is created by an outsole or a stretching
insole. The heel of the user is then lowered towards other sections of its
foot
sole just by the thickness of the insole 1.
The above mentioned wholesome effect of the insole 1 according to the
invention is further enhanced in embodiment represented in Fig. 7, when on the
bottom side of the toe section 11 of the insole 1, in the area of support for
toes
of the foot sole the toe support 99 is arranged, which in correspondence with
the preceding example of embodiment further enhances loading of Achilles
tendon and the to it directly or indirectly connected muscles and ligaments.
At
the same time it is preferred if the toe support on the bottom side of the
insole is
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arranged in a removable manner, which enables its replacement in case it is
worn, possibly replacement for toe support from another material and/or of
another dimensions, thus also with other degree of effect.
In another not represented examples of embodiment the toe support
5 creates an integral part of the insole 1, when it is e.g. formed of an
increment in
material on the carrying layer 4, through its bending or by means of another
suitable manner.
Whatever embodiment of the insole according to the invention may
further be supplemented by appropriate number of next suitable layers, among
10 others e.g. by an absorbing layer, whose task is to lead off and/or
deposit the
moisture, or a biologically active layer eliminating occurrence and vegetation
of
micro-organisms in structure of the insole 1, creation of odours, etc.
