AREAL, ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE HEATING NETWORK

RESEAU DE CHAUFFAGE AERIEN A RESISTANCE ELECTIQUE

English Abstract

A sheet-like, electrical resistance heating network which is integrated as a
floor arid wall panel
heating element directly on the surface of the plastered structure, and
consequently can be
used as an infrared heater. The heating network consists of individual heating
filaments which
are laid in parallel, and insulating filaments that are laid at right angles
thereto likewise in
parallel. The filaments thereby form a network, At the beginning and the end
of the heating
network there is an electrode, consisting of a metal wire or metal strip of a
low resistance,
respectively arranged in the transverse direction over the entire width of the
networkõ and the
two electrodes lie parallel to one another and are electrically connected to
the underlying
filaments. The filaments may have different resistance values. Heat is
generated by the heating
network or individual portions of the heating panel,

French Abstract

L'invention concerne une résistance chauffante électrique en forme de treillis plan qui, par exemple dans le bâtiment, est intégrée directement en tant qu'élément plan de chauffage de sols et de murs dans la surface de l'enduit et qui peut donc être utilisée comme chauffage infrarouge. La résistance chauffante électrique en forme de treillis plan (1) est constituée de fils chauffants (2) individuels, par exemple des fils de carbone-polymère, des fils d'argent-polymère, des fils de carbone, disposés écartés et parallèles les uns aux autres dans le sens de la longueur et, disposés à angle droit par rapport à ceux-ci et également écartés et parallèles les uns aux autres dans le sens transversal, des fils isolants (3), par exemple des fils de verre ou de polymère. Les fils chauffants (2) et les fils isolants (3) forment ainsi un treillis ayant de préférence des mailles carrées. Une électrode (4) constituée d'un fil ou feuillard métallique de faible résistivité est respectivement disposée au début et à la fin du treillis chauffant électrique (1), sur toute la largeur dans le sens transversal, et les deux électrodes (4) sont parallèles entre elles et reliées électriquement aux fils chauffants (2) situés en dessous. Les fils chauffants (2) façonnés peuvent posséder différentes valeurs de résistance, dont dépend la quantité de chaleur produite par le treillis chauffant électrique (1) ou par des segments chauffants plans individuels. Dans une variante, les fils isolants (3) disposés dans le sens transversal sont remplacés au moins en partie par des fils chauffants (2).

Claims

9
Claims
1. An areal electrical resistance heating network comprising:
first filaments, selected from one of polymer carbon
filaments, polymer silver threads, carbon fibers and metal
wires, that are parallelly spaced in a longitudinal direction;
and
insulating threads, selected from one of glass threads and
polymer threads, that are parallelly spaced in a transverse
direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction,
and thus forming a network with rectangular openings, the
network having a square pattern;
wherein the resistance heating network has a beginning and
an end in the transverse direction, and at the beginning and at
the end an electrode is located comprising one of a metal wire
and a metal band across a width of the resistance heating
network, and the two electrodes are parallel to each other, and
first filaments underlying the two electrodes are electrically
connected with each other;
wherein portions of the first filaments located
transversely are replaced by second filaments, the first
filaments and the second filaments are electrically connected
with each other at contact points, and the first filaments and
the second filaments have different resistance values; and
wherein the first filaments have a higher resistance value
than the second filaments.
2. The resistance heating network according to claim 1, further
comprising a sensor selected from ono of a temperature sensor
and a moisture sensor.
3. The resistance heating network according to any one of claims
1-2, further comprising an additional connection electrode on an
edge of the resistance heating network that connects the two
electrodes with each other, wherein the additional connection
electrode is centrally located between the two electrodes,
parallel to the two electrodes, and wherein the two electrodes
have no direct contact with the additional connection electrode
on the edge, and all the electrodes are electrically connected
with the first filaments underlying the electrodes.

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4. The resistance heating network in accordance with claim 1,
wherein an electrode pattern according to claim 3 is repeated
multiple times on the resistance heating network.
5. The resistance heating network according to any one of claims
1-4 wherein the electrodes are woven into the resistance heating
network, and the electrodes comprise conductive polymer threads.
6. The resistance heating network in accordance with any one of
claims 1-5 wherein two or more resistance heating networks are
laminated together, are superimposed or that two or more
superimposed resistance heating networks are laminated.
7. The resistance heating network in accordance with any one of
claims 1-6 wherein the resistance heating network is surrounded
by an insulation layer.
8. The resistance heating network in accordance with any one of
claims 1-7 wherein the resistance heating network is installed
in floor and wall areas.

Description

PAT2130CA00 1
Areal, electrical resistance heating network
Areal, electrical resistance heating network used preferably as
surface heating in the building industry.
There are a. variety of solutions that already employ electric
areal conductors for heating purposes. Thus, document DE
69014841 T2 describes an electrical resistance-heating network
made of thin metal wires. This is a heating pane with at least
two rigid panes, particularly made of glass. A flexible
intermediate layer is located between the two panes. Between
each pane and the resilient intermediate layer, the electric
resistance-heating network is arranged. Electrical supply strips
are arranged as well. The wire-heating network supporting the
IS intermediate layer permits a sliding of the intermediate layer
in relation to the underlying rigid pane.
In DE 10 2010 011 102 Al a heating device for the interior of a
vehicle, which has a reticular fabric element is described. The
fabric element contains an electrical heating conductor and is
configured as a planer radiator.
In document DE 198 16 816 Al a heatable electric surface-heating
element with a non-conductive base fabric, is described. This
base fabric is composed of current carrying contact conductors
and heat conductors, wherein the heating elements run undulating
or in meander shape between the contact conductors which are
spaced apart and have a greater length in relation to the
Spacing of the contact conductors. The heating conductors touch
in several places across their length, with adjacent heating
conductors, thereby forming a heating network. The heating
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PAT2130CA00 2
conductors are preferably made of carbon fibers or carbon-coated
fibers.
The aim of the invention is to provide an areal, electrical
resistance-heating network, which, for example, is integrated as
a floor and wall heating surface element directly into the
surface of the plaster in the building industry, and can
therefor be used as an infrared heating unit.
The inventive design of the resistance heating network ensure
its functionality, even in the event of partial destruction,
such as drill holes that are penetrating the resistance heating
network- Installing the resistance-heating network is possible
directly on the plaster surface or concrete surface and can
simultaneously be used as a structural surface. The structural
assembly of the resistance-heating network with its preferably
rectangular openings allows for an exchange between indoor air
and. masonry.
In case of several electrodes which are resting parallel on the
network, different heating surface sections are created, in
accordance with an example. This allows for the achievement of
different heating effects through different activations.
In accordance to an example, filaments replace the transversely
located insulating threads at least partially and/or the
lengthwise-located filaments are replaced by insulating threads.
This results in a wide variety of various heating strengths.
Furthermore, the effectiveness of the heating network in general
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PAT2130CA00 3
is not affected in case of damage of the heating network, for
example in the event of a hole that is penetrating the heating
network. This enables ideal processing in the building industry.
The electrical connection of the individual filaments result in
a current flow around the damaged areas. By omitting individual
filaments, which are replaced by insulating threads, more or
less wide strips without heating units are generated within the
heating network, Via this action, different requirements can be
implemented into the heating network10
Due to the arrangement of electrodes described in one example,
an advantageous control of heating power is achieved.
The arrangement of the electrodes can be repeated multiple times
on the heating network, according to an example. This makes it
possible to generate surfaces with different heating power.
According to one example, the electrodes can be made of polymer
fiber fabric bands and be woven into the edges of the heating
network. This eliminates the time-consuming application and
connection of electrodes with the heating network.
By introducing filaments that vary in resistance, different
performances of the heating network can be produced, according
to an example.
By concealing the heating networks, according to an example,
the heating power of the heating network can be increased. The
same is achieved during lamination; this however does not offer
the benefit of the many breakthroughs in the heating network.
H
=
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R1T2130CA00 4
According to an example, an insulating layer may surround the
entire heating network. This protects all sensitive contact
points of the electrical conductors, especially against
aggressive media in the environment.
The use of the resistance-heating network according to the
invention is preferable in the construction industry according
to an example. This makes it possible to realize interesting
solutions of electrical heating in the floor or wall areas.
Multiple embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the
drawings and are described in more detail below.
Figure 1 is an electrical resistance heating network with
parallel filaments and insulating threads, which are parallel at
right angles, wherein, the filaments and the insulation threads
form a square pattern,
Figure 2 is an electrical resistance-heating network with
parallel filaments, which are additionally crossed by parallel
filaments,
Figure 3 is an electrical resistance heating network with
parallel filaments, wherein individual filaments have been
omitted and replaced by insulating threads and thus form a
surface that does not require heating,
Figure 4, the arrangement of electrodes on a resistance-heating
network with parallel filaments and transverse insulation
threads
Figure 5 is a possible arrangement of electrodes on a resistance
heating network with parallel filaments and insulating threads
parallel at a right angle, which form an open grid, and the
electrodes at the beginning and end of the heating network, both
connected by a connection electrode at the edge of the heating
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FAT2130CA00 5
network and a centrally located electrode, which has no
connection to the other
electrodes and
Figure 6, a heating network with woven electrodes and
longitudinal and transverse filaments, wherein the transverse
filaments are spaced by two intervening insulation threads and
an indicated hole and therefor, the current flowing around it.
The areal, electrical resistance-heating network 1 consists of
individual filaments, which are parallel spaced in the
longitudinal direction 2, in the transverse direction, i.e. at
right angles to the filaments 2, are also insulation threads 3
that are located parallel. The filaments 2 are made of polymer
carbon threads, silver threads or polymer carbon threads for
example* The insulating threads 3 are made of glass threads or
polymer threads. The filaments 2 form a grid, which is normally
open, with the insulating threads 3. The filaments 2 and the
insulation threads 3 have a reticulated structure. The grid
preferably has a size of 0.5 cm by 0*5 cm to 1 cm by 1 cm* The
grid does not have to be executed in a square. For power supply
the heating network contains electrodes 4. Normally, these
electrodes 4 are located parallel at the beginning and the end
of heating network 1. The electrodes 4 are made of metal wire or
a metal strip with good electrical conductivity and have good
electrical contact to the filaments 2 located below the
electrodes 4.
However, other electrodes 5 are conceivable as well. These
electrodes 5 are made of conductive polymer thread fabric bands
and can be woven into the heating network.
AO
In a different embodiment of the resistance-heating network 1
that transversely located insulating filaments 3 are replaced or
=
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PAT2130CA00 6
partially replaced by filaments 2. This results in a net-like
arrangement of the filaments 2. During an installation of this
heating. network 1 on the surface of masonry or a concrete wall
or on a floor surface, the heating network 1 retains its
functionality, even when damaged, as for example in the event of
perforations. Through arranging the filaments crosswise and the
electrical contacts below each other, the current bypasses any
defects in the heating network 1. This is a significant
advantage of this embodiment.
The arrangement of the electrodes 4 can also deviate from the
embodiment described above. For example, a connection electrode
4.1 can be located between the electrode 4 located at the
beginning and the electrode 4 located at the end, which is
preferably routed along the edge of heating network 1. These
three electrodes 4 are interconnected electrically. Centrally
located between the electrode 4 at the beginning and the
electrode 4 at the end of the heating network, another electrode
4 is located, which however, has no connection to the connection
electrode 4. The different electrode patterns may be repeated
several times on the heating network 1. With the different
arrangement of the electrodes 4, diverse heating effects can be
achieved.
According to the desired heating effects of the resistance-
heating network 1, filaments 2 with different resistance values
may be incorporated into the heating system 1. For example, the
resistance-heating network 1 shown in figure 6 has the following
resistance values;
the filaments 2 as electrically conductive weft threads of 10
kehm/lfm to 200 kOhm/lfm at a weight numbering of up to 110 text
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PAT2130CA00 7
the filaments 2.1 as electrically conductive warp threads of 30
Ohm/ifm to 800 Ohm/lfm at a weight numbering of 14 tex to 110
tex and
the electrode 5 with electrically conductive warp and weft
threads of 0.5 Ohm/lfm. to 15 Ohm/lfm at a weight numbering of
44 tex tex to 110 tex.
Two or more resistance heating networks 1 can be superimposed
and laminated together. But it is also possible to laminate two
or more resistance heating networks I together. With this
measure, the heating power of the resistance heating networks 1
may be increased.
Another advantageous variant of the resistance heating network 1
is evidenced by the fact that the individual filaments 2,
insulating filaments 3 and the electrodes 4 are surrounded by an
insulating layer, e.g. a rubber layer.
Via the insulating layer in particular, the contact points
between the individual filaments 2 and the electrodes 4 are
protected. Thus, for example, heating networks 1 without
insulation can get faster corrosion of the electrical contact
point.
In another embodiment, individual filaments 2 may be omitted. in
the resistance-heating network 1, and be replaced by insulating
filaments 3 and therefor, more or less wide strips are produced
in the heating network 1 without filaments 2. This creates areas
in the heating network 1, which are without heating capacity.
The resistance heating networks 1, used according to invention,
are preferably used in the building industry. Here they can be
11 ,
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PAT2130CA00 8
used as surface heating units in floors and wall areas and are
preferably used as infrared heating. Their net-like structure
creates a good connection between masonry and indoor air.
Summary of reference marks
1 ¨ Resistance heating network. Heating network
2 ¨ Filament
21 ¨ Filament
3 ¨ Insulation threads
4 ¨ Electrodes
4. 1 ¨ Connecting electrodes
5 ¨ interwoven electrodes
6 ¨ Gap
7 ¨ non heated area around gap
8 ¨ indicated current flow around the gap
25
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-07-05

Representative Drawing