Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 2974340 2017-07-25
Y:\SAC01\5720 CA\Spec & Dwgs\Spec & Claims FINAL 170725.wpd
FEED AND FEED SUPPLEMENT FORMULATIONS
Formulation For Horses
Field of the Invention
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of animal husbandry,
namely
feed and feed supplements for horses.
Background of the Invention
[0002] Research indicates that horses have a rate of gastric and stomach
ulcers of between 65 and 90%. Horses with ulcers and other digestive tract
issues
may have secondary health or pain issues. These can display as negative
behavioral issues, unwillingness to work, lameness issues, poor coat and hoof
health, muscular issues, etc.
[0003] We believe that horses supplemented with vitamins and minerals
(stabilized chemical forms), complete feeds and highly processed, refined
grains
are suffering physically and mentally. Some high performance horses we have
seen were unridable, in pain and constantly under vet care for various
ailments
including leaky gut syndrome (damaged tract lining enabling bacteria, toxins
and
large molecules to pass into the bloodstream leading to toxicity, laminitis or
founder). Some research studies have shown that 80% of horses have gastric
ulcers, 60% have colonic ulcers and more than 50% have ulcers in both stomach
and colon.
[0004] Known treatments involve the use of pharmaceutical products such as
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Gastroguard, Ulcerguard & Omeprazole. These are proton pump inhibitors, which
stop the production of stomach acids, thereby allowing the ulcers to heal. A
large
number of horses treated for ulcers have recurring issues and require repeated
treatments. The average cost of treatment through pharmaceuticals is approx.
$2,500 per month. Treatment is often required more than once a year.
Summary of the Invention
[0005] The
inventors understand that the diet and lifestyle of the modern
horse contributes to digestive health issues. Processed feeds contain lower
grade
by-products (soy hulls, wheat middlings, for example) which are nutrient
deficient.
As a result, many producers of such products add synthetic forms of vitamins
and
minerals. In addition, binding agents are used, some artificial like lignasol
or sugars
like molasses which contain sulfur dioxide. The inventors understand that a
horse's
digestive system may be stressed by such fast digesting processed feeds
containing high levels of sugar.
[0006] The
inventors believe that these diet factors in combination with limited
natural turnout, heavy training, and stressful showing and traveling schedules
can
lead to ulcers, leaky gut syndrome and the associated behavioural issues.
Regardless of what supplements or feeds are added to the horse's diet, they
have
a malabsorption issue due to a damaged gastrointestinal tract.
[0007] An
aspect of the present invention is a formulation intended to aid in
preventing and/or limiting the recurrence of the digestive tract health
issues,
comprising a natural whole food supplement that is understood to assist in
healing
the digestive cells and mucosa, allowing the horse to digest properly, and
absorb
nutrients.
[0008] In
one aspect, the present invention provides a formulation for
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alleviating horse digestive tract issues, a daily feed amount of the
formulation
including: 1 gram to 2.2 kg of oat flour; and 1 gram to 50 grams of dehydrated
cabbage.
[0009] The
daily feed amount of the formulation may include up to 1 kg of
hemp flour or meal; and up to 1 kg per day of dehydrated carrot.
Description of Embodiments
[0010]
Embodiments of the present invention include a formulation with the
following ingredients: oat isolate (Beta Glucan); and cabbage, dehydrated,
flakes
or powder, dried.
[0011] A
preferred embodiment of the present invention is a formulation with
the following ingredients: oat isolate (Beta Glucan); cabbage, dehydrated,
flakes or
powder, dried; Hemp, meal or flour from seed, dried, less than 10 ppm THC; and
carrot, dehydrated, flakes or powder, dried.
[0012] The
inventors understand that a usable moisture content of all
ingredients may be in the range of about 5% to 10%, but preferably the
moisture
content is no more than about 6%. Preferably, the producers follow Good
Manufacturing Guidelines (GMP) to ensure the following results:
Yeast and molds: maximum of 500 cfu/gram (colony forming units)
Peroxides: less than 20 meq/kg fat (milliequivalents/ kg of fat)
Water Activity: less than 0.75
Total Plate Count: Maximum of 100,000 cfu/g
[0013] The
ingredients are whole foods that have not been heat processed
(enzymes are de-natured and destroyed above 115 F) and all ingredients are
preferably graded for human consumption.
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CA 2974340 2017-07-25
[0014] Oat Isolate - Oat flour (steel milled oat groats). Oats are a
source of
beta glucans, which are understood to maintain regular rate of food passage,
and
prevent undigested starches from getting into the hind gut. Hindgut has flora
specific for fermentation of fiber. The presence of undigested sugar or
starches
here can cause rise of lactic acid producing bacteria leading to ulcers or
other
hindgut issues (acidosis). Beta glucans are also understood to activate
initial
immune responses, and aid in elimination of toxins. (The initial immune
response
involves the activation of killer cells which respond initially before T and B
cells can
Ily mobilize).
[0015] The inventors understand that the processing of some commercially
available oat flour significantly reduces beta glucans. It is preferable to
use a whole
grain with only the hull removed, which retains up to 70% of original
nutrients, with
the beta glucans retained in the endosperm.
[0016] The whole oat is de-hulled (there are numerous types of de-hulling
machines) which removes the indigestible outer husk. The resulting oat groat
is
sent through a steel cutter which splits the groat into 3 or 4 pieces hence
the name
steel cut oats. These oats are then processed into flour using flour mills
which can
include small kitchen appliances up to commercial mills ie stone mills, steel
burr
mills, roller mills, hammer mills etc. These processes use limited heat and
therefore do not alter the nature of the oat.
[0017] Hemp meal (steel milled after oil pressed out). Hemp meal is
understood to be a good source of digestible proteins (up to 50% protein, and
contains all 20 amino acids and all 9 essential amino acids), and a good
source of
omega 3, 6 and 9 in proper ratios. Hemp meal is understood to provide a
readily
digestible plant protein, thus reducing the need for cereal grains which may
be
detrimental to gut health. Hemp meal is understood to be free from estrogen
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CA 2974340 2017-07-25
mimickers, lactose, gluten and trypsin, which enables it to be easily
absorbed.
[0018] The
main hemp derived feed-related products are hemp seed and
hemp seed oil. Hemp production is often regulated. In Canada, all commercial
industrial hemp growers use pedigreed seeds listed by Health Canada and are
strictly regulated. These seeds produce plants that have less than 0.3% THC in
leaves and flowering parts and less than 10 ppm in any products derived from
the
hemp grain. The inventors understand that there is no THC in the actual seed,
and
that any THC found when seeds are tested is from small amounts of the plant
attached to the seed after cleaning. Manufacturers use extruders to remove the
oil
from the seed leaving a product they call hemp cake. This cake is then further
refined into hemp meal or flour using any number or mill types as mentioned
above.
The hemp product used in the embodiments of the present invention is obtained
from a certified supplier in Vancouver. The hemp meal and flour used in the
embodiments of the present invention test at no more than 2 ppm THC.
[0019]
Cabbage - Blend of red and green cabbage (dehydrated at low temp
so enzymes are not destroyed). Cabbage is a source of L Glutamine (amino acid)
which is understood to balance stomach acid. Cabbage is also a source of
choline,
a B vitamin and lipotropic nutrient, and assists in maintaining cell membrane
structure. Cabbage is also a source of Folate, a vitamin that assists in
tissue
repair, and is of use in the regeneration of the digestive tract lining, as
these cells
are replaced as often as every 4 days.
Cabbage is also a source of
S-methylmethionine which is understood to promote ulcer healing.
[0020]
Carrot (dehydrated at low temp so enzymes are not destroyed).
Carrots are understood to be a good source of folic acid (B9), beta carotene,
Vitamin A and antioxidants (phytochemicals).
[0021] Both
carrot and cabbage are prepared in a similar manner. In the
CA 2974340 2017-07-25
preferred embodiment, they are locally sourced. After cleaning and chopping
they
are dehydrated at low temperature, to reduce moisture content. Once
dehydrated,
they are flaked or powdered. The flaked or powdered product is tested for
m oisture.
[0022] Commercial dehydrators suitable for the desired low-temperature
dehydration include: vacuum, infrared microwave, osmotic, thermal, NutraREV,
radiant energy etc. If dehydration is obtained in a conventional oven, a
temperature
maximum of 115F, or approximately 45C, should not be exceeded and the heating
should be maintained until a desired moisture content is achieved, preferably
until
the ingredient has a moisture content under 6%. The carrrot and cabbage may
also
be sun-dried, by being set in a sunny location above 85F with low humidity and
insect control.
[0023] All of the ingredients are commercially available and sold as steel
cut
oats, hemp meal or flour, and dehydrated carrot and cabbage.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the combination and ratio of ingredients
are
as follows:
1 scoop is equal to 81 grams.
40g per 1 scoop of oat flour.
20g per 1 scoop hemp flour.
12.5g per 1 scoop dehydrated carrot.
8.5g per 1 scoop dehydrated cabbage.
[0025] The above preferred embodiment was found to alleviate digestive
tract
issues in a seven-month trial with over 40 horses.
[0026] Testing indicates that a suitable feed schedule for the above
preferred
embodiment is to give 1 scoop (81 grams) orally twice daily per 450 kg horse.
This
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CA 2974340 2017-07-25
can be adjusted for horses of different weights and, depending on the apparent
effectiveness in alleviating digestive tract issues, can be halved as
maintenance or
increased to tolerance.
[0027] Workable Variations Daily by Weight
1 gram to 2.2 kg per day of oat flour.
up to 1 kg per day of hemp flour or meal.
up to 1 kg per day of dehydrated carrot.
1 gram to 50 grams per day of dehydrated cabbage.
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CA 2974340 2017-07-25
Formulation For Dogs
Field of the Invention
[0028] The present invention relates to the field of animal husbandry,
namely
feed and feed supplements for dogs.
Background of the Invention
[0029] Research indicates that dogs have a high incidence of gastric and
stomach issues including acidosis, colon distension, leaky gut syndrome
(caused
by damage to the digestive tract lining enabling bacteria, toxins and large
molecules
to pass into the bloodstream leading to toxicity and inflammation in the body)
and
an ulcer frequency of up to 57%. These ailments can display as secondary
issues
such as ongoing pain, allergies, immune disorders, dermatological issues,
pancreatitis, colitis, diarrhea, and regurgitation etc. with the cause often
undiagnosed. Many of these dogs are under constant veterinarian care for
various
ailments. These issues can be seen in purebred and mixed breed dogs.
[0030] Known treatments involve the use of pharmaceutical products such as
sleroids, immune suppressants such as Apoquel, NSAIDS, antibiotics, and pain
medication. Diagnostic testing may include x-rays, scoping of the GI tract and
expensive vet recommended processed feeds. A large number of dogs have
recurring issues resulting in treatments which can cost thousands of dollars.
Summary of the Invention
[0031] The inventors understand that the diet of the modern dog
contributes
to digestive tract issues. Processed feeds may contain lower grade protein and
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by-products which are nutrient deficient (avian carcass for example). By-
products
are the internal remains of the animal excluding meat but may include diseased
tissues, organs and tumors. Many producers of such products add synthetic
forms
of vitamins and minerals. In addition, binding agents and fillers are used
such as
corn and wheat gluten, food dyes and propylene glycol. The inventors
understand
that the dog's digestive system may be stressed by such low quality feeds.
Even
natural foods may not be formulated or correctly balanced nutritionally. Food
intolerances, allergies and skin issues are believed to be due, in part, to
poor
quality and biologically inappropriate ingredients in many commercial feeds.
[0032] The
inventors believe that these diet factors in combination with natural
environmental stressors or genetic predisposition may lead to leaky gut
syndrome
and associated secondary issues. Regardless of what supplements or feeds are
added to the dog's diet, they may suffer from malabsorption issues due to a
damaged gastrointestinal tract.
[0033] An
aspect of the present invention is a formulation intended to aid in
preventing and/or limiting the recurrence of the digestive tract health
issues,
comprising a natural, whole food supplement that the inventors understand
assists
in healing the digestive cells and mucosa, allowing the dog to digest
properly, and
absorb nutrients.
Description of Embodiments
[0034]
Embodiments of the present invention include a formulation with the
following ingredients: oat isolate (Beta Glucan); cabbage, dehydrated, flakes
or
powder, dried; Hemp, meal or flour from seed, dried, less than 10 ppm THC;
carrot,
dehydrated, flakes or powder, dried; and food grade diatomaceous earth (DE).
[0035] The
inventors understand that a usable moisture content of all
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CA 2974340 2017-07-25
ingredients may be in the range of about 5% to 10%, but preferably the
moisture
content is no more than about 6%. Preferably, the producers follow Good
Manufacturing Guidelines (GMP) to ensure the following results:
Yeast and molds: maximum of 500 cfu/gram (colony forming units)
Peroxides: less than 20 meq/kg fat (milliequivalents/ kg of fat)
Water Activity: less than 0.75
Total Plate Count: Maximum of 100,000 cfu/g
[0036] The
ingredients are whole foods that have not been heat processed
(enzymes are de-natured and destroyed above 115 F) and all ingredients are
preferably graded for human consumption.
[0037] Oat
Isolate - Oat flour (steel milled oat groats). Oats are a source of
beta glucans, which are understood to maintain regular rate of food passage,
and
prevent undigested starches from getting into the hind gut. Hindgut has flora
specific for fermentation of fiber. The presence of undigested sugar or
starches
here can cause rise of lactic acid producing bacteria leading to ulcers or
other
hindgut issues (acidosis). Beta
glucans are also understood to activate initial
immune responses, and aid in elimination of toxins. (The initial immune
response
involves the activation of killer cells which respond initially before T and B
cells can
fully mobilize).
[0038] The
inventors understand that the processing of some commercially
available oat flour significantly reduces beta glucans. It is preferable to
use a whole
grain with only the hull removed, which retains up to 70% of original
nutrients, with
the beta glucans retained in the endosperm.
[0039] The
whole oat is de-hulled (there are numerous types of de-hulling
machines) which removes the indigestible outer husk. The resulting oat groat
is
sent through a steel cutter which splits the groat into 3 or 4 pieces hence
the name
CA 2974340 2017-07-25
steel cut oats. These oats are then processed into flour using flour mills
which can
include small kitchen appliances up to commercial mills ie stone mills, steel
burr
mills, roller mills, hammer mills etc. These processes use limited heat and
therefore do not alter the nature of the oat.
[0040] Hemp meal (steel milled after oil pressed out). Hemp meal is
understood to be a good source of digestible proteins (up to 50% protein, and
contains all 20 amino acids and all 9 essential amino acids), and a good
source of
omega 3, 6 and 9 in proper ratios. Hemp meal is understood to provide a
readily
digestible plant protein, thus reducing the need for cereal grains which may
be
detrimental to gut health. Hemp meal is understood to be free from estrogen
mimickers, lactose, gluten and trypsin, which enables it to be easily
absorbed.
[0041] The main hemp derived feed-related products are hemp seed and
hemp seed oil. Hemp production is often regulated. In Canada, all commercial
industrial hemp growers use pedigreed seeds listed by Health Canada and are
slrictly regulated. These seeds produce plants that have less than 0.3% THC in
leaves and flowering parts and less than 10 ppm in any products derived from
the
hemp grain. The inventors understand that there is no THC in the actual seed,
and
that any THC found when seeds are tested is from small amounts of the plant
attached to the seed after cleaning. Manufacturers use extruders to remove the
oil
from the seed leaving a product they call hemp cake. This cake is then further
refined into hemp meal or flour using any number or mill types as mentioned
above.
The hemp product used in the embodiments of the present invention is obtained
from a certified supplier in Vancouver. The hemp meal and flour used in the
embodiments of the present invention test at no more than 2 ppm THC.
[0042] Cabbage - Blend of red and green cabbage (dehydrated at low temp
so enzymes are not destroyed). Cabbage is a source of L Glutamine (amino acid)
which is understood to balance stomach acid. Cabbage is also a source of
choline,
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CA 2974340 2017-07-25
a B vitamin and lipotropic nutrient, and assists in maintaining cell membrane
structure. Cabbage is also a source of Folate, a vitamin that assists in
tissue
repair, and is of use in the regeneration of the digestive tract lining, as
these cells
are replaced as often as every 4 days.
Cabbage is also a source of
S-methylmethionine which is understood to promote ulcer healing.
[0043]
Carrot (dehydrated at low temp so enzymes are not destroyed).
Carrots are understood to be a good source of folic acid (B9), beta carotene,
Vitamin A and antioxidants (phytochemicals).
[0044] Both
carrot and cabbage are prepared in a similar manner. In the
preferred embodiment, they are locally sourced. After cleaning and chopping
they
are dehydrated at low temperature, to reduce moisture content. Once
dehydrated,
they are flaked or powdered. The flaked or powdered product is tested for
moisture.
[0045]
Commercial dehydrators suitable for the desired low-temperature
dehydration include: vacuum, infrared microwave, osmotic, thermal, NutraREV,
radiant energy etc. If dehydration is obtained in a conventional oven, a
temperature
maximum of 115F, or approximately 45C, should not be exceeded and the heating
should be maintained until a desired moisture content is achieved, preferably
until
the ingredient has a moisture content under 6%. The carrrot and cabbage may
also
be sun-dried, by being set in a sunny location above 85F with low humidity and
insect control.
[0046]
Ingredients are commercially available and sold as steel cut oats, hemp
meal or flour, and dehydrated carrot and cabbage.
[0047]
Diatomaceous earth is single celled honeycomb structured algae
organisms encased in a silicon exo-skeletons, consisting of 33% silica, 19%
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calcium, 5% sodium, 3% magnesium and 2% iron, and typically including up to
about 15 other minerals such as copper and manganese. DE is available in two
grades, industrial and food grade. To be considered food grade DE must test
for no
more than 10 mg/kg of arsenic and 10 mg/kg of lead. The present inventions
uses
food grade DE.
[0048] The inventors understand that diatomaceous earth is a natural
detoxifying agent in that it has an anti-parasite and anti-viral effect, and
cleanses
the digestive tract. DE is also understood to boost liver function and is
beneficial
in absorbing harmful toxins from the blood. The inventors understand that DE
retains its traits as a stable particle even when suspended in liquid medium.
It
carries an electrical charge allowing it to act as an anti-oxidant, by
attracting free
radicals, neutralizing them and carrying them from the body. DE is also
understood
to support bone and connective tissue health.
[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the dosage is 2 grams orally twice a day
per 50Ib dog, with each dose containing:
.63 grams oat flour
.63 grams hemp flour
.30 grams cabbage
.40 grams Carrot
.04 grams Diatomaceous earth
[0050] Workable variations of total daily dose per 50Ib dog include:
Oats: .1 grams to 5 grams
Hemp: .1 grams to 5 grams
Cabbage: .1 grams to 3 grams
Carrot: .1 grams to 5 grams
DE: up to 1 gram
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