Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
DEVICES AND A NEW METHOD FOR MONITORING
MULTIPLE GEOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OUTSIDE
BOREHOLE IN SLIDING MASS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
I. Field of the Invention
[0001] The invention relates to the field of landslides disasters monitoring,
and
particularly to devices and a new method to monitoring multiple geological
parameters outside borehole in sliding mass.
2. Description of Related Art
[0002] Landslides cause disastrous results, such as burying roads and
destroying
houses. To manage landslide risks, a better way to install monitor sensors
inside the
sliding mass is needed. Ideally it would be possible to monitor groundwater
pressures, internal landslide deformations, ground temperatures, and other
physical
parameters at selected locations inside the landslide to understand the
landslide
behavior and to aid in predicting sudden landslide movements.
[0003] The conventional way to monitor a landslide is to drill boreholes, case
the
holes with PVC pipe and then to monitor parameters such as deformation and
fluid
pressures from within the cased borehole. This
method limits the type of
measurement that can be made at their locations.
[0004] The existing multi-information parameters monitoring technology
includes
two categories: one is to set up the instrument independently for monitoring a
specific
physical parameters according to the needs, so as to realize the comprehensive
integration of multi-physical-parameters in the landslides. This monitoring
method
has been widely used at present, but it requires large investment of fund,
manpower
and material resources. The data that obtained are low utilization rate, low
accuracy
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and poor correlation. The other is to drill some boreholes in the sliding
mass, and
each borehole is integrated with instruments or sensors to monitor a variety
of
multi-physical-parameters, so as to realize "multiple measurements in one
borehole".
It is suitable for deep slope measurement and underground water level
measurement,
but it is difficult to accurately measure some parameters, such as pore water
pressure
and moisture content. Meanwhile, the environmental adaptability of this method
is
poor, and the instrument inside the borehole is often damaged when the sliding
mass
deformation increases.
[0005]Obviously, at present, the existing technology to monitor multiple
parameter
outside a deep borehole into a landslide have several shortcomings. The
invention
can overcome existing limitations by allowing for installation of multiple
sensors
outside of a PVC cased borehole at any depth in the landslide.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] One aspect of the present disclosure relates to devices for monitoring
multiple
geological parameters outside borehole in sliding mass, comprising: a first
casing,
which is set in the borehole at a location where the multiple geological
parameters
outside the borehole need to be monitored, configured to install a claw and a
transmitting body therein, wherein outside of the first casing is wound with
an
induction coil; the claw, configured to load at least one sensor and a first
circuit board,
and to wedge the sliding mass, the sensor is configured to monitoring the
multiple
geological parameters outside the borehole in the sliding mass; and the
transmitting
body, configured to load at least one transmitting unit, the transmitting unit
is
configured to send out an alternating magnetic field, wherein the induction
coil
generates induced current in the alternating magnetic field and continuously
supply
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power to the first circuit board and the sensor, and wherein the multiple
geological
parameters monitored by the sensor are transmitted to the transmitting unit.
[0007] In some embodiments, the induction coil is connected to the first
circuit
board through a power line.
[0008] In some embodiments, the induction coil, the sensor and the first
circuit
board are protected by pouring sealant.
[0009] In some embodiments, the claw is provided with at least one first
mounting
hole and the first mounting hole is configured to install the sensor.
[0010] In some embodiments, the claw is provided with at least one second
mounting hole and the second mounting hole is configured to install the first
circuit
board.
[0011] In some embodiments, the first circuit board may be a single chip
microcomputer.
[0012] In some embodiments, the claw is a "L" shaped structure and turns
around a
turning point of the "L" shaped structure.
[0013] In some embodiments, an inner side of the turning point of the claw may
be
processed with a groove.
[0014] In some embodiments, the transmitting body is hung by a rope in the
borehole.
[0015] In some embodiments, the first casing is in serious with a second
casing.
[0016] In some embodiments, the first casing is electrically connected with a
bus
configured to communicate and provide power supply for the transmitting unit.
[0017] In some embodiments, the bus is connected with a controller which is
set
outside the borehole and the controller is configured to control the device.
[0018] In some embodiments, the controller is connected with a power which is
configured to supply power.
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[0019] In some embodiments, the power is a solar power.
[0020] In some embodiments, the sensor comprises an earth pressure sensor, a
seepage sensor, a pore-water pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.
[0021] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for
installing
wireless power and wireless communication of sensors outside a borehole in a
sliding
mass, comprising: step Si: installing at least one sensor and a first circuit
board in a
claw; step S2: installing the claw on a first casing and placing a hammer
under the
claw; step S3: drilling the borehole in the sliding mass, and placing at least
one first
casing in the borehole and to make sure that the first casing is located at a
location
where multiple geological parameters outside the borehole need to be
monitored; step
S4: pulling the hammer out of the borehole to make the claw expands outward to
the
first casing and wedges into the sliding mass to make sure that the sensor in
the
sliding mass; step S5: placing a transmitting body to the location of the
first casing
after the hammer has been pulled out of the borehole; and step S6: monitoring
the
multiple geological parameters outside the borehole in the sliding mass by the
sensor.
[0022] In some embodiments, a type of the sensor is determined according to
monitoring objects of the borehole in the sliding mass.
[0023] In some embodiments, the claw gathers toward an inside of the first
casing
before the hammer is pulled out of the borehole.
[0024] In some embodiments, the transmitting body is wound with an induction
coil
and there is a transmitting unit configured to send out an alternating
magnetic field
placed in the transmitting body and the transmitting unit is provided with
power
supply by a bus.
[0025] In some embodiments, the step S6 further includes: electrifying the bus
to
make the transmitting unit send out the alternating magnetic field, the
induction coil
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generates an induced current in the alternating magnetic field and
continuously supply
power to the first circuit board and the sensor.
[0026] Additional features will be set forth in part in the description which
follows,
and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination
of the
following and the accompanying drawings or may be learned by production or
operation of the examples. The features of the present disclosure may be
realized
and attained by practice or use of various aspects of the methodologies,
instrumentalities and combinations set forth in the detailed examples
discussed below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate technical solutions of embodiments
of the
invention or the prior art, drawings will be used in the description of
embodiments or
the prior art will be given a brief description below. Apparently, the
drawings in the
following description only are some of embodiments of the invention, the
ordinary
skill in the art can obtain other drawings according to these illustrated
drawings
without creative effort.
[0028] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary device for monitoring
multiple geological parameters outside borehole in a sliding mass according to
some
embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary device in FIG. 1
according to
some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0030] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary process for installing
the
device in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 according to some embodiments of the present
disclosure;
[0031] FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process for monitoring
the
multiple geological parameters outside the borehole in the landslide according
to
some embodiments of the present disclosure.
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[0032] Wherein: 1-first casing, 101 -induction coil, 102-power line, 103-
pouring
sealant, 2-second casing, 3-claw, 301-first mounting hole, 302-first circuit
board,
303-groove, 304-second mounting hole, 4-bus, 4-control mechanism, 5-rope,
6-transmitting body, 7-transmitting unit, 701-second circuit board, 702-
transmitting
coil, 703-sealant, 8-sensor, 9-hammer, 901-lifting rope, 10-controller, 11-
power,
12-sliding mass, 13-borehole.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0033] In accordance with various implementations, as described in more detail
below, mechanisms, which can include devices and a method for monitoring
multiple
geological parameters outside borehole in a sliding mass are provided.
[0034] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are
set forth
by way of examples in order to provide a thorough understanding of the
relevant
disclosure. However, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that
the present
disclosure may be practiced without such details. In other instances, well
known
methods, procedures, systems, components, and/or circuitry have been described
at a
relatively high-level, without detail, in order to avoid unnecessarily
obscuring aspects
of the present disclosure.
[0035] Various modifications to the disclosed embodiments will be readily
apparent
to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be
applied to
other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope
of the
present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the
embodiments
shown, but to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the claims.
[0036] It will be understood that the term "system", "unit", "sub-unit",
"module"
and/or "block" used herein are one method to distinguish different components,
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elements, parts, section or assembly of different level in ascending order.
However,
the terms may be displaced by other expression if they may achieve the same
purpose.
[0037] It will be understood that when a unit, module or block is referred to
as being
"on", "connected to" or "coupled to" another unit, module, or block, it may be
directly on, connected or coupled to the other unit, module, or block, or
intervening
unit, module, or block may be present, unless the context clearly indicates
otherwise.
As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or
more of
the associated listed items.
[0038] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular
example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein,
the
singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms
as well,
unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood
that the
terms -comprise", "comprises" and/or "comprising", "include", "includes"
and/or
"including" when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated
features,
integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude
the
presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps,
operations,
elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
[0039] These and other features, and characteristics of the present
disclosure, as well
as the methods of operation and functions of the related elements of structure
and the
combination of parts and economies of manufacture, may become more apparent
upon consideration of the following description with reference to the
accompanying
drawing(s), all of which form a part of this specification. It is to be
expressly
understood, however, that the drawing(s) are for the purpose of illustration
and
description only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present
disclosure.
[0040] The flowcharts used in the present disclosure illustrate operations
that
systems implement according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. It
is
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to be expressly understood, the operations of the flowchart may be implemented
not
in order. Conversely, the operations may be implemented in inverted order, or
simultaneously. Moreover, one or more other operations may be added to the
flowcharts. One or more operations may be removed from the flowcharts.
[0041] The present disclosure relates to geological disasters prevention and
monitoring. Specially, the present disclosure relates to devices and a method
to
install wireless power and wireless communication of sensors outside a
borehole in
sliding mass.
[0042] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary device for monitoring
multiple geological parameters outside the borehole 13 in the sliding mass 12
according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, the
device
may include a first casing 1 which may be set in the borehole 13, a claw 3
which may
be set on the first casing 1, a transmitting body 6 which may be set in the
borehole 13,
and/or any other suitable component for installing wireless power and wireless
communication of sensors in accordance with various embodiments of the
disclosure.
[0043] The first casing 1 may be configured to install the claw 3 and place
the
transmitting body 6. The first casing 1 may not be magnetized. In some
embodiments, the first casing 1 may be made of stainless steel material. The
first
casing 1 may be located at a location where multiple geological parameters
outside
the borehole 13 need to be monitored. The first casing 1 may be in serious
with a
second casing 2. For example, two second casings 2 are respectively connected
in
serious above and under the first casing 1.
[0044] The claw 3 may be configured to wedge the sliding mass 12 and load at
least
one sensor 8. The claw 3 may be fixed on the first casing 1. In some
embodiments,
there may be four claws 3 fixed on the first casing 1 in a radial direction.
The claw 3
may gather toward an inside of the first casing 1 before the transmitting body
6 is
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placed in the first casing 1 (as shown in FIG. 3(a)). The claw 3 may be a "L"
shaped
structure and may turn around a turning point of the "L" shaped structure
until one
end of the "L" shaped structure may wedge the sliding mass 12, and another end
of
the "L" shaped structure may be fixed on the first casing 1 (as shown in FIG.
3 (b)-3 (d)).
[0045] The transmitting body 6 may be configured to load at least one
transmitting
unit 7. The transmitting body 6 may be hung by a rope 5 in the borehole 13. In
some embodiments, there may be one or more transmitting bodies 6 hung by the
rope
in the borehole 13. All transmitting bodies 6 in the borehole 13 may be in
series
by a bus 4. The first casing 1 may be electrically connected with the bus 4.
The
bus 4 may be configured to communicate and provide power supply for the
transmitting unit 7.
[0046] The bus 4 may be connected with a controller 10 which may be set
outside
the borehole 13. The controller 10 may be configured to control the device. In
some embodiments, the controller 10 may control the rope 5 to lift the
transmitting
body 6 upward and downward. In some embodiments, the controller 10 may control
the sensor 8 to monitor the multiple geological parameters outside the
borehole 13 in
the sliding mass 12 and acquire the multiple geological parameters. The
controller
may be connected with a power 11 and the power 11 may be configured to supply
power. In some embodiments, the power 11 may a solar power.
[0047] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary device in FIG. 1
according to
some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated, outside of the
first
casing 1 may be wound with an induction coil 101. The claw 3 may be provided
with at least one first mounting hole 301 and second mounting hole 304. The
first
mounting hole 301 may be configured to install the sensor 8. The sensor 8 may
be
installed outward and make a good contract with the sliding mass 12. The
sensor 8
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may include an earth pressure sensor, a seepage sensor, a pore-water pressure
sensor,
a temperature sensor and so on. Type of the sensor 8 may be determined
according
to different monitoring objects.
[0048] The second mounting hole 304 may be configured to install a first
circuit
board 302. The first circuit board 302 may be configured to acquire data,
manage
power and communicating. In some embodiments, the first circuit board 302 may
be
a single chip microcomputer. The induction coil 101 may be connected to the
first
circuit board 302 through a power line 102. In some embodiments, the induction
coil 101, the sensor 8 and the first circuit board 302 may be protected by
pouring
sealant 103.
[0049] An inner side of the turning point of the claw 3 may be processed with
a
groove 303. The claw 3 may be broken at the groove 303 in case force exerted
on
the claw 3 exceeds a preset value, so as to prevent the borehole 13 from being
blocked
if the claw 3 cannot be opened.
[0050] The transmitting unit 7 may be placed in the transmitting body 6. The
transmitting unit 7 may be configured to send out an alternating magnetic
field. The
induction coil 101 may generate induced current and continuously supply power
to
the first circuit board 302. The transmitting unit 7 may include a second
circuit
board 701 and a transmitting coil 702. The transmitting coil 702 may send out
the
alternating magnetic field controlled by the second circuit board 701. The
second
circuit board 701 may be configured to acquire data, manage power and
communicating. In some embodiments, the second circuit board 701 may be a
single
chip microcomputer. The second circuit board 701 may exchange an instruction
and
data with the first circuit board 302. In some embodiments, the second circuit
board
701 may be connected with the first circuit board 302 wirelessly. The
transmitting
coil 702 may be protected by sealant 703.
CA 3057082 2019-09-30
[0051] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary process for installing
the
device in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 according to some embodiments of the present
disclosure.
As shown in FIG. 3(a), the claw 3 may gather toward the inside of the first
casing 1
before the transmitting body 6 is placed in the first casing I. A hammer 9 may
be
put under the claw 3. In some embodiments, the hammer 9 may be a cone hammer.
The hammer 9 may be pulled by a lifting rope 901. As shown in FIG. 3(b), the
hammer 9 may be pulled by the lifting rope 901 so that the claw 3 expands
outward to
the first casing 1 and wedges into the sliding mass 12. The claw 3 could not
be
opened normally in case the claw 3 encounters a hard rock, the claw 3 may be
broken
at the groove 303 if the force exerted on the claw 3 exceeds the preset value,
so as to
prevent the borehole 13 from being blocked if the claw 3 cannot be opened. As
shown in FIG. 3(c) and 3(d), the hammer 9 may be pulled by the lifting rope
901 out
of the borehole 13, and the transmitting body 6 may be placed at a same depth
as the
first casing 1 by the rope 5.
[0052] FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary process for monitoring
the
multiple geological parameters outside the borehole 13 in the sliding mass 12
according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The process and/or
method may be executed by the device outside the borehole in the sliding mass
as
exemplified in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and the description thereof. The
operations of
the illustrated process/method presented below are intended to be
illustrative. In
some embodiments, the process/method may be accomplished with one or more
additional operations not described, and/or without one or more of the
operations
discussed. Additionally, the order in which the operations of the
process/method as
illustrated in FIG. 4 and described below is not intended to be limiting.
[0053] In step S1 , installing at least one sensor 8 in the first mounting
hole 301 of
the claw 3 and the first circuit board 302 in the second mounting hole 304 of
the claw
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3. The type of the sensor 8 may be determined according to the
monitoring objects
of the borehole in the sliding mass.
[0054] In step S2, installing the claw 3 on the first casing 1 and placing the
hammer
9 under the claw 3. The claw 3 may gather toward the inside of the first
casing 1.
The hammer 9 may be hung by the lifting rope 901.
[0055] In step S3, drilling the borehole 13 in the sliding mass 12 and placing
at least
one first casing 1 in the borehole 13 and to make sure that the first casing 1
is located
at the location where multiple geological parameters outside the borehole 13
need to
be monitored. The first casing 1 may be in serious with the second casing 2.
[0056] In step S4, pulling the hammer 9 by the lifting rope 901 out of the
borehole
13 to make the claw 3 expands outward to the first casing 1 and wedges into
the
sliding mass 12 to make sure that the sensor 8 in the sliding mass 12.
[0057] In step S5, placing the transmitting body 6 by the rope 5 to the
location of the
first casing 1 after the hammer 9 has been pulled out of the borehole 13.
[0058] In step S6, monitoring the multiple geological parameters outside the
borehole 13 in the sliding mass 12 by the sensor 8 which is in the sliding
mass 12.
Electrifying the bus 4 to make the transmitting unit 7 send out the
alternating
magnetic field and the induction coil 101 may generate the induced current in
the
alternating magnetic field and continuously supply power to the first circuit
board 302
and the sensor 8.
[0059] It should be noted that the above description is merely provided for
the
purposes of illustration, and not intended to limit the scope of the present
disclosure.
For persons having ordinary skills in the art, multiple variations and
modifications
may be made under the teachings of the present disclosure. However, those
variations and modifications do not depart from the scope of the present
disclosure.
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For example, one or more other optional steps may be added elsewhere in the
exemplary process/method.
[0060] To implement various modules, units, and their functionalities
described in
the present disclosure, computer hardware platforms may be used as the
hardware
platform(s) for one or more of the elements described herein. A computer with
user
interface elements may be used to implement a personal computer (PC) or any
other
type of work station or terminal device. A computer may also act as a server
if
appropriately programmed.
[0061] Having thus described the basic concepts, it may be rather apparent to
those
skilled in the art after reading this detailed disclosure that the foregoing
detailed
disclosure is intended to be presented by way of example only and is not
limiting.
Various alterations, improvements, and modifications may occur and are
intended to
those skilled in the art, though not expressly stated herein. These
alterations,
improvements, and modifications are intended to be suggested by this
disclosure, and
are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this
disclosure.
[0062] Moreover, certain terminology has been used to describe embodiments of
the
present disclosure. For example, the terms "one embodiment," "an embodiment,"
and/or "some embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure or
characteristic
described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one
embodiment
of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be
appreciated that
two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an
alternative
embodiment" in various portions of this specification are not necessarily all
referring
to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or
characteristics may be combined as suitable in one or more embodiments of the
present disclosure.
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[0063] Further, it will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of
the present
disclosure may be illustrated and described herein in any of a number of
patentable
classes or context including any new and useful process, machine, manufacture,
or
composition of matter, or any new and useful improvement thereof. Accordingly,
aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented entirely hardware,
entirely
software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or
combining
software and hardware implementation that may all generally be referred to
herein as
a "unit," "module," or "system." Furthermore, aspects of the present
disclosure may
take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer
readable media having computer readable program code embodied thereon.
[0064] A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal
with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband
or
as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated signal may take any of a variety
of forms,
including electro-magnetic, optical, or the like, or any suitable combination
thereof. A
computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is
not a
computer readable storage medium and that may communicate, propagate, or
transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution
system,
apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable signal
medium
may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including wireless, wire
line,
optical fiber cable, RF, or the like, or any suitable combination of the
foregoing.
[0065] Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the
present
disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming
languages,
including an object-oriented programming language such as Java, Scala,
Smalltalk,
Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB. NET, Python or the like, conventional
procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language, Visual
Basic, Fortran 2003, Pen, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming
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languages such as Python, Ruby and Groovy, or other programming languages. The
program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's
computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and
partly
on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the
latter
scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through
any
type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network
(WAN),
or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through
the
Internet using an Internet Service Provider) or in a cloud computing
environment or
offered as a service such as a Software as a Service (SaaS).
[0066] Furthermore, the recited order of processing elements or sequences, or
the
use of numbers, letters, or other designations therefore, is not intended to
limit the
claimed processes and methods to any order except as may be specified in the
claims.
Although the above disclosure discusses through various examples what is
currently
considered to be a variety of useful embodiments of the disclosure, it is to
be
understood that such detail is solely for that purpose, and that the appended
claims are
not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, are intended
to cover
modifications and equivalent arrangements that are within the spirit and scope
of the
disclosed embodiments. For example, although the implementation of various
components described above may be embodied in a hardware device, it may also
be
implemented as a software only solution, e.g., an installation on an existing
server or
mobile device.
[0067] Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description
of
embodiments of the present disclosure, various features are sometimes grouped
together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the
purpose of
streamlining the disclosure aiding in the understanding of one or more of the
various
embodiments. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as
CA 3057082 2019-09-30
reflecting an intention that the claimed subject matter requires more features
than are
expressly recited in each claim. Rather, claimed subject matter may lie in
less than all
features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.
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