Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Crushing roller having a crushing tool
The invention relates to a crushing roller of a roller crusher as well as to a
roller crusher
with such a crushing tool. Furthermore the invention relates to a method for
manufacturing such a crushing roller.
Materials such as limestone, oil shale, marl, clay, oil sand or similar
mineral materials
are normally broken up with the aid of crushers, in particular roller
crushers. Known
roller crushers have two crushing rollers, which rotate in opposite direction
to each other,
thereby forming a crushing gap between the crushing rollers. The crushing
rollers
comprise evenly spaced-apart crushing tools such as cleats, hammers, chisels
or crushing
teeth. The crushing tools of a roller crusher are subject to a high degree of
wear and
therefore require regular replacement. The DE4123967A1 has for example
disclosed
such a crushing tool.
To counteract wear of the crushing tools it is known to solder or weld a hard
metal layer
such as tungsten carbide onto the crushing tools, which are formed from
relatively soft
steel, for example. Usually such a wear-resistant layer has a thickness of
max. 6 mm,
wherein it is technically not possible to apply a thicker layer. As the wear-
resistant layer
applied to the crushing tool deteriorates, the relatively soft steel of the
crushing tool is
subject to wear resulting in the crushing tool wearing very quickly and
frequently leading
to damage and failure of the roller crusher. Furthermore, as the wear-
resistant layer
deteriorates, replacement of the crushing tool becomes necessary, which is
very time-
consuming and cost-intensive and results in long downtimes of the entire
roller crusher.
It is therefore the object of the present invention to propose a crushing
tool, which is
characterized by low wear and which at the same time, in case of wear, causes
a minimal
downtime of the roller crusher.
According to the invention this problem is solved by a device with the
characteristics as
defined below. Advantageous further developments are also revealed in the
following
description.
Date Recue/Date Received 2020-04-22
CA 03070751 2020-01-22
thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG
170786P1OWO
thyssenkrupp AG July 20,
2018
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According to a first aspect a crushing tool of a crushing roller of a roller
crusher
comprises a main body and a fastening segment, which is attached to the front
edge of
the main body. Furthermore the crushing tool comprises a wear protection
segment
attached to the fastening segment. The fastening segment is detachably
connected to the
main body.
A roller crusher preferably comprises two crushing rollers rotating in
opposite direction,
which are arranged next to each other. A crushing gap is formed between the
crushing
rollers, in which material, such as limestone, marl, clay, ore-rich material,
oil shale or
oil sand is crushed. Each crushing roller comprises a plurality of crushing
tools, which
are attached to the surface of the crushing roller. Preferably the crushing
roller comprises
a plurality of crushing plates, which form the surface of the crushing roller.
The main
body is for example formed in one piece with the crushing roller, in
particular the
crushing plate of the crushing roller, or is substance-to-substance bonded,
e.g. welded
thereto. The main body preferably projects from the same in radial direction
of the
crushing roller. Preferably only the main body of the crushing tool is
attached to the
crushing roller or formed in one piece with the same. The crushing tool is, in
particular,
a crushing tooth, which is preferably attached to a secondary crusher or a
tertiary crusher.
The crushing tooth is for example a chisel-shaped, in particular tooth-shaped
contour
with a tip pointing in rotation direction of the crushing roller.
The front edge of the main body is understood to be the side surface of the
main body
pointing in rotation direction of the crushing roller. In particular, the wear
protection
segment is exclusively attached to the fastening segment and not fixedly
connected to
the main body. The wear protection segment forms in particular the front edge
of the
crushing tool. Wherein the front edge is understood to be the side surface
pointing in
rotation direction of the crushing roller, which is the first to come into
contact with the
material to be crushed. Preferably the wear protection segment is arranged
exclusively
on the front edge of the crushing tool, wherein there is no wear protection
segment
arranged at the rear edge.
CA 03070751 2020-01-22
thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG
170786P10W0
thyssenkrupp AG July 20,
2018
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A fastening segment, which is detachably connected to the main body, offers
the
advantage that it can be easily replaced as part of the crushing tool. As the
crushing roller
rotates, the front edge of the crushing tool is the first to come into contact
with the
material to be crushed and therefore is subject to the greatest wear. If only
the front edge
of the crushing tool is arranged to be replaceable, it is not necessary, in
case of wear, to
replace the entire crushing tool or even the crushing plate of the crushing
roller. Thus it
is possible, depending on the extent of wear on the crushing tool, to replace
the worn
region in a simple manner.
According to a first embodiment the main body comprises a connection region,
which
is connected to the fastening segment and wherein the connection region
comprises a
tooth profile. Preferably the connection region comprises a plurality of
recesses and
projections, which are alternately arranged next to each other. The connection
region of
the main body is the side surface pointing in rotation direction of the
crushing roller,
wherein the side surface is connected to the fastening segment. According to a
further
embodiment the fastening segment comprises a connection region, which is
designed to
complement the connection region of the main body and is connected thereto.
The
connection region of the fastening segment serves as the connection to the
main body
and also comprises a tooth profile, which is designed to complement the
connection
region of the main body. The main body and the fastening segment are
positively
connected with each other via their respective connection regions, wherein the
connection regions essentially extend in radial direction of the crushing
roller. This
ensures reliable fastening of the fastening segment to the main body, so that
even in case
of impact stress due to the material to be crushed hitting the front edge of
the crushing
tool, the fastening segment is prevented from detaching itself from the main
body.
According to a further embodiment the fastening segment comprises a bore for
receiving
a fastening means, such as e.g. a screw or a bolt. The fastening segment is
preferably
screwed to the main body, wherein the crushing tool in particular comprises a
fastening
screw, which passes through the bore in the main body and extends into the
fastening
segment. The bore extends in particular right through the main body, in
particular from
CA 03070751 2020-01-22
thyssenlcrupp Industrial Solutions AG
170786P10W0
thyssenIcrupp AG July
20,2018
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the rear edge to the front edge. The fastening segment preferably comprises a
bore for
receiving the fastening screw.
According to a further embodiment the wear protection segment is substance-to-
substance bonded to the fastening segment. Preferably the wear protection
segment is
welded, soldered or glued to the fastening segment. At its front edge the
fastening
segment preferably comprises a recess, into which the wear protection segment
is fitted.
The recess in the fastening segment, in which the wear protection segment is
arranged,
is preferably open towards the topside and towards the front side.
According to a further embodiment the wear protection segment is formed from
ceramics and/or a hard metal, for example sintered carbide hard metals such as
tungsten
carbide, which comprise very high hardness, wear resistance and heat
resistance and
corrosion resistance. Hard metals comprise for example 90-94% tungsten carbide
and
6-10% cobalt. The wear protection segment is for example formed from hard
metal such
as tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide, chrome
carbide
or ceramics or from a mixture of these materials.
According to a further embodiment a plurality of wear protection segments is
attached
to the fastening segment. The wear protection segments are for example
arranged next
to each other in a recess in the fastening segment and for example connected
with each
other. The plurality of wear protection segments preferably forms the tip of
the crushing
tool. The arrangement of a plurality of wear protection segments on a
fastening segment
offers the advantage of a simpler manufacture of individual wear protection
segments.
The wear protection elements comprise for example different sizes and/or
material
properties.
According to a further embodiment a wear protection segment is attached on the
topside
of the fastening segment, preferably on the outward-pointing surface in radial
direction
of the crushing roller. The topside of the fastening segment is also subject
to heavy wear,
wherein a wear protection segment from a wear-resistant material offers
additional wear
protection. In particular a plurality of wear protection segments is attached
on the topside
CA 03070751 2020-01-22
thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG
170786PlOWO
thyssenlcrupp AG July
20,2018
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of the fastening segment. The wear protection segment is preferably substance-
to-
substance bonded, positively connected and/or frictionally connected to the
fastening
segment. For example, the wear protection segment is designed in a plate-
shaped or
cubical manner and attached in a recess on the topside of the fastening
segment. The
wear protection segment finishes preferably flush with the surface of the
fastening
segment, so that a planar surface of the fastening segment is formed. In
particular the
wear protection segment is formed from a hard metal such as tungsten carbide,
titanium
carbide, boron carbide, niobium carbide, chrome carbide or from ceramics or
from a
mixture of these materials.
According to a further embodiment the fastening segment is formed from a more
ductile
material compared to the wear protection segment. The fastening segment is for
example
formed from steel and is in one piece. The fastening segment is for example
formed from
a relatively ductile steel with a hardness of 90-500 FIB (Brinell), preferably
120-350 FIB,
in particular 150-200 HB, und preferably an elongation at break of approx. 18-
26%. In
particular the fastening segment 16 is cast.
The invention also comprises a crushing roller of a roller crusher, wherein
the crushing
roller comprises a plurality of crushing tools, as described above. According
to a further
embodiment the crushing roller comprises a plurality of crushing plates, which
form the
topside of the crushing roller and wherein the main body is formed in one
piece with a
crushing plate or is substance-to-substance bonded to the crushing plate.
Description of drawings
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of several exemplary
embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a roller crusher with two crushing
rollers
according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of a crushing tool of a crushing roller.
CA 03070751 2020-01-22
thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG
170786P1OWO
thyssenkrupp AG July 20,
2018
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Fig. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of the crushing tool as per fig. 2.
Fig. 1 shows a roller crusher 11 with two crushing rollers 12, which are
arranged next to
each other and wherein a crushing gap 36 is formed between the crushing
rollers 12, in
which the material is crushed. The crushing rollers 12 each comprise a
plurality of
crushing tools 10 on their surface, which are arranged on the circumference of
the
respective crushing roller 12 and spaced apart at equal distances from each
other. The
crushing tools 10 are arranged on the surface of the crushing roller and, for
example, are
formed at least partially in one piece with the crushing roller 12. The
crushing rollers 12
each comprise a plurality of crushing plates 38, which form the surface of the
crushing
roller and which are arranged next to each other along the circumference. Each
crushing
roller 12 comprises for example four crushing plates 38, each of which has
three rows
of crushing tools 10 attached to it. When the roller crusher 11 is in
operation, the crushing
rollers 12 rotate in arrow direction, i.e. in opposite direction relative to
each other. The
material to be crushed is fed from above into the crushing gap 36 and is
crushed in the
crushing gap 36.
Figs. 2 and 3 show a crushing tool 10 on a crushing roller 12. The crushing
tool 10
comprises a main body 14, which is preferably formed in one piece with the
crushing
roller 12, in particular with a crushing plate 38 of the crushing roller 12,
or is attached
to the same by welding, for example. The main body 14 protrudes from the
crushing
roller 12 in radial direction therefrom and is preferably tooth-shaped. A
fastening
segment 16 is attached to the front edge of the main body 14, wherein the
front edge of
the main body 14 is the side surface pointing in rotation direction of the
crushing roller
12. The rotation direction is marked in fig. 1 by the arrow. The fastening
segment 16 has
a wear protection segment 18 attached to it. The wear protection segment 18
forms the
tip of the crushing tool 10, which when the crushing roller 12 rotates in
arrow direction,
is the first to come into contact with the material to be crushed. In addition
to the wear
protection segment 18 there is for example a wear protection element 20
attached to the
fastening segment 16. It is also feasible to realize the crushing tool 10
without the wear
protection element 20. The wear protection element 20 is attached to the
fastening
CA 03070751 2020-01-22
thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG
170786P10W0
thyssenkrupp AG July 20,
2018
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segment 16 on the outward-pointing surface of the crushing tool 10, which
points in
radial direction of the crushing roller.
The main body 14 is for example formed from a type of steel and comprises a
bore 22.
The bore 22 extends right through the main body 14, in particular from the
rear edge,
which points contrary to the rotation direction of the crushing roller 12
towards the front
edge of the main body 14. The bore 22 comprises for example three different
diameters
and is used to receive a screw 24 for fastening the fastening segment 16 to
the main body
14. The first diameter of the bore, which extends from the rear edge into the
main body
14, corresponds to at least the diameter of the screw head 26 of the screw 24.
The second
diameter, which follows the first diameter, preferably comprises an internal
thread,
which cooperates with the external thread of the screw 24. The third diameter
following
the second diameter is wider than the outer diameter of the screw shaft and
the second
diameter and serves to receive a projection 28 on the fastening segment 16.
The screw 24 extends right through the main body 14 and into the fastening
segment 16.
The fastening segment 16 is for example attached to the main body 14 with two
screws
24. It is also feasible to attach the fastening segment with only one screw or
with more
than two screws to the main body 14.
The main body 14 comprises a connection region 30, which is connected to the
fastening
segment 16. The connection region 30 forms the side surface of the main body
14
pointing in rotation direction of the crushing roller 12 and comprises a
plurality of
projections and recesses, in particular a tooth profile. The projections and
recesses are
alternately arranged next to each other, wherein the connection region 30 of
the main
body comprises for example two recesses and two projections. The tooth
profile, in
particular the recesses and projections of the connection region 30 of the
main body 14
are formed to complement a connection region 32 of the fastening segment 16.
The
connection region 32 of the fastening segment 16 is the surface of the
fastening segment
16 facing the main body 14 and is connected to the connection region 30 of the
main
body 14. The tooth profile of the connection regions 30, 32 serves as a
positively
connected fastening of the fastening segment 16 to the main body 14.
CA 03070751 2020-01-22
thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 170786P10W0
thyssenkrupp AG July 20,
2018
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When the roller crusher 11 is in operation, the crushing roller 12 rotates in
direction of
the arrow shown in fig. 2, so that the material to be crushed hits the tip of
the crushing
tool 10, in particular the wear protection segment 18 attached to the
fastening segment
16. Due to the rotational movement of the crushing tool 10 the crushing force
acts, at
least partially, radially outwards, preferably in direction of the clamping
force of the
screw 24. The tooth profile of the connection regions 30, 32 ensures that the
fastening
segment 16 is positively connected to the main body 14 and that a movement of
the
fastening segment 16 relative to the main body 14, in particular in radial
direction
outwards, is prevented.
The wear protection segment 18 is attached to the fastening segment 16,
preferably
substance-to-substance bonded thereto by means of welding, soldering or
gluing. The
fastening segment 16 comprises a recess 34, which is open towards the upper
surface of
the fastening segment 16, which points outwards in radial direction, and
towards the
front surface which points in rotation direction. This is the recess 34, in
which the wear
protection segment 18 is arranged, which forms the tip of the crushing tool
10. As
revealed in fig. 1, the exemplary embodiment of figs. 1 and 2 shows that three
wear
protection segments 18 are arranged next to each other on each fastening
segment 16 in
axial direction of the crushing roller 12. It is also feasible that merely one
wear protection
segment 18 or that a plurality of wear protection segments 18 is arranged on
each
fastening segment 16. The wear protection segment 18 preferably comprises a
tooth
shape and finishes preferably flush with the surface and the side surface of
the fastening
segment 16. The fastening segment 16 is for example formed from relatively
ductile
steel. The steel used comprises for example a hardness of 90-500 HB (Brinell),
preferably 120-350 HB, in particular 150-200 HB, and preferably an elongation
at break
of approx. 18 ¨26%. In particular the fastening segment 16 is cast.
The wear protection segment 18 is formed from a hard metal, e.g. sintered
carbide hard
.. metals such as tungsten carbide, which comprise very high hardness, wear
resistance,
heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Hard metals may for example comprise
90-
94% tungsten carbide and 6-10 % cobalt. For example the wear protection
segment 18
CA 03070751 2020-01-22
thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 170786P10W0
thyssenkrupp AG July 20,
2018
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may consist of hard metal, such as tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, boron
carbide,
niobium carbide, chrome carbide or ceramics or of a mixture of these
materials. Equally
the wear protection element 20, which is attached to the topside of the
crushing tool 10
on the fastening segment 16, is made of a hard metal. The wear protection
element 20 is
for example shaped as a plate, wherein in fig. 1 three wear protection
elements 20 are
for example attached next to each other on a fastening segment 16. It is
however also
feasible to attach a different number of wear protection elements 18 to the
fastening
segment 16.
The wear protection segment 18 is exclusively attached to the fastening
segment 16 and
is not in any way directly connected to the main body 14. The wear protection
element
also is attached exclusively to the fastening segment 16. This facilitates
replacement
of wear protection segment 18 and wear protection element 20 by detaching the
fastening
segment 16 from the main body 14 via the screw connection. The fastening
segment 16
15 is relatively easy to produce and easy to remove from the main body 14,
so that in case
the tip of the crushing tool 10 is worn, there is no need to replace the
crushing tool 10 as
a whole, but merely the front region, which is subject to the greatest wear.
CA 03070751 2020-01-22
thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 170786P1OWO
thyssenkrupp AG July 20,
2018
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List of reference symbols
crushing tool
11 roller crusher
5 12 crushing roller
14 main body
16 fastening segment
18 wear protection segment
wear protection element
10 22 bore
24 fastening means / screw
26 screw head
28 projection
connection region
15 32 connection region
34 recess
36 crushing gap
38 crushing plate
