Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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LAUNDRY DECONTAMINATION FORMULATION
Cross-Reference to Related Applications
[0001] This is a PCT international patent application of US provisional
patent
applications, serial number 62/618,095, 62/618,096, 62/618,098, 62/618,100,
and
62/618,104 filed on January 17, 2018. This application further claims priority
to a US
nonprovisional patent application, serial number 16/209,960, filed on December
4,
2018, which is a continuation of a PCT international patent application,
application
number PCT/U518/37817, filed on June 15, 2018, which claims priority to a US
provisional patent application, serial number 62/520,372, filed on June 15,
2017. The
disclosures of the above applications are incorporated by reference in their
entirety
herein.
Background
[0002] The first necessity in decontamination is to facilitate exposure of
the
pathogen/agent/contaminant/toxin to the reactive mechanism designed to defeat
it.
On surfaces this necessitates:
[0003] inducing the ability to desorb a substance from the surface, or
[0004] enabling hydraulic mobility of the substance (displacement), or
[0005] forcing the substance into a hydraulically vulnerable state
(dissolution)
[0006] A harmful substance may penetrate deeply into the reticulated grain
structures
of microscopic surfaces, making it difficult to displace. Simply using water
or other
solvent may not present the appropriate physiochemical environment sufficient
to
overcome the forces holding or shielding the substance in place.
Summary
[0007] Embodiments of the invention describe an enhanced chemical
formulation and
manner of practice administering two predicate patented products (DF-200 and
SSDX-12) designed for the decontamination, disinfection and renewal of
surfaces
exposed to chemical, biological, toxic industrial contaminants and residues.
These
two products are standalone treatments for decontamination strategies. The
combinations of the two in concert with one another presents a unique approach
to
decontamination and disinfection strategies.
[0008] SSDX-12 is a high potency decontamination soap specifically used for
the
safe decontamination of air craft. In order to achieve that claim, SSDX-12 was
required to demonstrate resistance to corrosion on aircraft metal alloys and
sensitive
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equipment. The product was also required to remove residues of chemical
weapons
down to an acceptable standard. While the product is demonstrably effective at
treating the targeted surfaces, the challenge of remediating the now dissolved
and
mobile chemical agents remained. In many situations it is simply unacceptable
to
rinse the treatment off into the environment.
[0009] D7 formula (hereinafter "D7" or "D7 formula") is a high potency
decontamination/disinfection agent used to treat surfaces contaminated with
bacteria,
viruses, mold, mildew, toxic industrial chemicals, chemical weapons and other
pathogenic and harmful agents. D7 is able to promote the rapid chemical
remediation
of these threats by virtue of its unique ability to solubilize normally water
insoluble
targets and expose them to chemical oxidation directly or in the realm of a
self
assembled micellular structure embodied in the formula.
[0010] In one example, D7 formula extends the technology to include both
oxidation
reactions and reducing reactions. Additionally, D7 incorporates the treatment
for
toxic industrial chemicals. It also is the first reference to a bleaching
activator.
[0011] In another example, D7 expands into the area of mold, disinfection
and
sterilization. The chemistry has not changed or been modified. In effect, D7
is
closest to the utility the product enjoys today.
[0012] Moreover, D7 expands on the chemical landscape for DF-200.
Additionally it
incorporates data for rates of reaction against various toxic agents. It is
also an
improvement of the original DF-100 relative to performance against mustard
agents in
regard to reaction time and specificity. In one embodiment, D7 also integrates
different bleaching activators.
[0013] The synergy of effectiveness of these two decontamination strategies
is a step
forward in the state of the art of decontamination and surface remediation
providing a
much needed improvement in these practices.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] SSDX-12 is designed to achieve a safe, environmentally benign, low
regret
physiochemical agency capable of enabling conditions favorable toward the
removal
or deshielding of pathogens/agents/contaminant/toxins. With the application of
SSDX-12, the offending substance can be hydraulically removed or rendered
hydraulically vulnerable.
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[0015] In one example, the SSDX-12 may include a cleaning composition such
as a
C<sub>8-22</sub> alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, a C<sub>6-12</sub> alkyl
dimethylamine
oxide surfactant, a C<sub>8-18</sub> alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester
surfactant,
and a C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant. The C<sub>8-18</sub>
alkyl
polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester surfactant includes from 0 to about
20
ethoxylate groups per C<sub>8-18</sub> alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty
ester
surfactant molecule. The C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant
includes from about 14 to about 16 ethoxylate groups per C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary
alcohol ethoxylate surfactant molecule.
[0016] In yet another embodiment, a cleaning composition for cleaning
exterior
surfaces of a vehicle is provided. The cleaning composition includes from
about 0.1%
to about 5% by weight of a C<sub>8-16</sub> alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant,
from
about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of a C<sub>6-10</sub> alkyl dimethylamine oxide
surfactant, from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of a C<sub>10-14</sub> alkyl
polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester surfactant, and from about 0.1% to
about 5%
by weight of a C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant including
from
about 14 to about 16 ethoxylate groups per C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol
ethoxylate
surfactant molecule. The C<sub>10-14</sub> alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty
ester
surfactant includes from 0 to about 6 ethoxylate groups per C<sub>8-18</sub> alkyl
polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester surfactant molecule. The C<sub>12-14</sub>
secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant includes from about 14 to about 16
ethoxylate
groups per C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant molecule. The
C<sub>8-16</sub> alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, the C<sub>6-10</sub> alkyl
dimethylamine
oxide surfactant, the C<sub>10-14</sub> alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty
ester
surfactant, and the C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant are
provided
in a 1:1:1:1 ratio in the cleaning composition. The cleaning composition is
effective to
remove chemical warfare agents from the exterior surfaces of the vehicle upon
application thereto.
[0017] In one application, a method for cleaning exterior surfaces of a
vehicle using
the above cleaning composition may be applied. The method includes providing a
cleaning composition, applying the cleaning composition to the exterior
surfaces of
the vehicle, and rinsing the exterior surfaces of the vehicle with water.
[0018] However, once displaced from its microscopic perch, substances may
then be
exposed to the reactive spectrum (photoelectric radiation, oxidation, chemical
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modification by an external substance) that facilitates its chemical
transformation. In
other words, the fact that SSDX-12 was able to be applied as a cleaning
composition
to a surface of a vehicle, for example, does not mean the dissolved solution
is not
toxic or environmentally friendly. That is to say, in this state, a toxin
becomes highly
vulnerable to natural forces which promote its inevitable tumble to its lowest
energy
state.
[0019] A concrete surface may look solid from our perspective but when
viewed
microscopically, it can consist of a complex network of pathways. This is the
same
with any porous surface. Close inspection reveals a labyrinth in many cases.
Delivering chemistry into this microscopic environment requires that
significant
surface tension forces be overcome. Surface tension is the property of a
liquid that
defines how it spreads out on a surface and how well it will penetrate into a
surface.
The proprietary formulation elements of D7 enable very low surface tension
values to
be obtained at a surface. These values are not equilibrium values but rather,
dynamic
values. A turbulent solution, made so by the effervescence of decomposing
hydrogen
peroxide, will continuously be refreshing itself at the leading edges of its
penetration
into a surface. These transient ultra-low surface tension values enable a
deeper
penetration of the active chemistry embodied in D7. The cationic quaternary
amine
surfactants, coupled with the alkaline pH carbonated buffer system lay the
pathway
for a more effective penetrating delivery of the complex cleaning chemistry
embodied
in D7. The product behaves in ways similar to the mechanisms behind hydraulic
fracturing without the high pressure pumps.
[0020] Alkali carbonates (potassium based) interact with the predominantly
negatively biased surface
[0021] Quaternary amines adsorb strongly onto that negatively biased
surface
[0022] Hydraulic channels are opened allowing delivery of the cleaning
power in the
form of water, peroxide, and other formulation nonionic species.
[0023] In its ability to penetrate/eradicate biofilms vs. traditional
forms, D7 provides
advantages over prior technologies as well. In one example, biofilms are
comprised
of a secreted chemical matrix that protects pathogen colonies from intruding
threats.
These films have nutrient causeways, respiration causeways and transpiration
causeways and their precise nature is the subject of intense inquiry. The
physiochemical solution properties of D7 interact in such a way as to
efficiently and
thoroughly disrupt those surfaces. The solvency properties and the oxidation
from
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peroxide and peracetic acid species effectively "pry" open the surface of the
film and
in some cases aid in the defeat of the functional causeways resulting in
terminal
disruption. Biofilms effectively organize water in a secreted extracellular
matrix that
in many cases are disrupted by the D7 detergency mechanisms.
[0024] Embodiments of D7 describe an enhanced chemical formulation designed
for
the decontamination, disinfection and renewal of surfaces exposed to chemical,
biological and toxic industrial contaminants and residues. This formula
improves on
prior art by expanding the efficacy spectrum, decreasing treatment time,
modifying
chemical properties allowing for lower effective dosage and broadening the
roster of
chemical agents remediated by it. The formulation described herein may also be
applied in variable concentrations to achieve decontamination objectives
(cleaning,
sanitization, disinfection, high level disinfection, mold remediation, biofilm
remediation, targeted decontamination).
[0025] Embodiments of D7 aim to incremental variants designed to perform
particular tasks is the intent of this effort. In one embodiment, aspects of
the
invention may be formulated with a Generation 1 version of Quaternary amine
(ADBAC). It is thought that broadening the type of quaternary amine may bring
a
benefit in either efficacy against a broader range pathogens or greater
effectiveness
against biofilms. Of the two, biofilm effectiveness is likely the prominent
value
proposition.
[0026] Furthermore, D7 provides a simple roster of ingredients. D7 is not
made of
exotic ingredients. It is assembled with common, benign, readily available
materials.
Their combination produces a net effect greater than the simple sum of each.
[0027] The physical properties embodied in D7 tell part of the story of its
success.
Things like dynamic surface tension, critical micelle concentration, micellar
aggregation number, solvolytic potential and solution polarity all contribute
to the
enigmatic behavior of D7.
[0028] One of the more compelling actions of D7 arises from the micelle
formations.
These micelles act as miniature reaction factories where toxicants react with
activated
oxygen species rendering them neutralized or harmless.
[0029] As a starting point, the application of D7 in response to biofilm
issues seems a
valued efficacy for the customer. Defeating a biofilm protected bacteria
colony
virtually insures defeat of the prokaryotic bacteria itself The roster of
efficacy of D7
in relation to various organisms is listed below:
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Disinfection Efficacy
Staphylococcus Aureus
Eschericia Coli Listeria Monocytogenes
(MRSA, VRSA)
Stereptococcus
Klebsiella pneumoniae Enter obacter cloacae
epidermidis
[0030] Taking a
view of the relationship of the quat generation, the following
comparison is relevant.
[0031]
Generation 5 Quaternary Amine. This category is a mixture of generation 1
and generation 4. The innovation options can rapidly multiply when one
considers
permutations of different generation 1 chemistries along with the generation 4
variants. In one embodiment, D7 formulation includes:
Vendor Product Description Notes
Stepan BTC- 80% Active Different foaming
characteristics,
1210 32% CAS 68424-85-1 different efficacy profile,
different
Pilot 48% CAS 7173-51-5 physiochemical performance,
Maquat enhanced biofilm defeat
efficacy,
2420-80% residual sanitation performance
Stepan BTC-888 80% Active Different foaming
characteristics,
32% CAS 68424-85-1 different efficacy profile,
different
Pilot MQ- 48% Variable dialkyl, dimethyl physiochemical performance
624M
Part A Formulation Ingredient Prescribed
amount
BTC 888 (80 % active) 32% (40% C12, 50% C14, 10% C16) + 48%
DADMAC 0.1 to
4.00%
Octyl Decyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (24%) MW=334.0273 0.024 to 0.960%
Di-n-Octyl Ammonium Chloride (12%) W=270.5207 0.012 to 0.480%
Di-n-Decyl Ammonium Chloride (12%) W=326.6279 0.012 to 0.480%
ADBAC C12 (40%) MW=339.9909 0.0128 to 0.512%
ADBAC C14 (50%) MW=368.0445 0.016 to 0.640%
ADBAC C16 (10%) MW=396.0981 0.0032 to 0.128%
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Adogen 477D (50% Active) 0.05 to 2.00%
Glycol Ether DB 0.4 to 1.60%
Isobutanol 0.025 to 1.00%
Propylene Glycol 0.5 to 20.00%
Lauryl Alcohol 0.02 to 0.80%
Potassium Bicarb USP Anhyd 0.3 to 12.00%
Caustic Potash 0.0425 to
1.70%
Water 56.90 to
98.56%
Part B Formulation Ingredient Prescribed amount
Hydrogen peroxide 0.2 to 8.00%
Inerts and stabilizers
Water 99.8 to 85%
Part C Formulation Ingredient Prescribed amount
Bleaching accelerator 0.05 to 2.00%
[0032] In one embodiment, the Generation 5 surfactants and dimethyl dialkyl
quaternary amines present an enhanced structure to the micelles developed in
the D7
formulation.
[0033] These surfactants may modify the Gouy-Chapman-Stern layer to the
point of
enhanced and improved ability to more rapidly solubilize agents into the
micelle
body.
[0034] In one example, the surfactants may modify the Gouy-Chapman-Stern
layer
that may be tied to the speed at which an agent is decontaminated, or it might
be the
extent of its decontamination.
[0035] This embodiment of the invention may have different physical
properties. The
efficacy profile of this version will also be different. The development of
the efficacy
profile should be from a dilute version, perhaps a 1 to 100 dilution of the
final
product, up to the full version. The dilute version might be considered for
surfaces
that are already clean and devoid of biofilm presence. In one embodiment, the
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concentrated version would be considered for circumstances where gross filth
is more
prevalent (live animal facilities, processing plants, high biofilm potential
places).
Various embodiments of the invention for different dilutions (bacteria,
biofilm,
fogging efficacy) may enable various levels of applications in addition to
those
disclosed in FIG. 1.
[0036] This improvement upon prior art enables the contemplation of a full
spectrum
product capable of dealing with sensitive cleaning and sanitization situations
like
those encountered in food contact circumstances. In those circumstances, a
product
may be able to be applied to a target surface usually as a spray and wiped
down
distributing the cleaning/sanitization formulation over the entire surface. In
one
embodiment, aspects of the invention may need to receive approval from
regulatory
oversight agencies before use. In this case, this is commonly known as a
"leave-on"
product. There are statutory limits of labeled ingredients permissible for
this type of
use. It is an embodied intention of this improvement to enable this type of
use. A full
strength version of the product is intended for use in highly compromised
environments like live animal barns where significant gross filth is
anticipated. This
represents the other end of the product spectrum. Regulatory oversight is also
a
requisite in relation to pesticidal embodiments. It is anticipated that there
will be
many situations in between these two extremes where a strength modulated
product
would serve the need. Examples of such situations are given in spectrum above.
[0037] It is often necessary to promote a speedier transition to a less
harmful state.
Pathogens, toxic industrial chemicals, or other undesirable substances exist
unchallenged in ambient environments except by those reactive agents common to
their surroundings. The natural remedies for treatment of infestations include
predation by organisms, hydrolysis by water, photolysis by electromagnetic
radiation,
absorption by the substrate and shielding of the pathogen by environmental
film to
name a few. If a pathogen is soluble in water, a simple rinse may suffice. The
kinetic
time frame for these actions can range from the immediate to very long periods
of
slow transition. Delivering reactive chemical activity in the form of
oxidation or
nucleophillic substitution is an effective treatment strategy well known in
common
practice. It is the route by which numerous agents deliver their efficacious
dose.
Once a substance is oxidized, it is generally more susceptible to
environmental decay
via one or more of the aforementioned mechanisms. Delivering oxidation
activity to a
target is not always straight forward. The use of bleach for instance is a
common
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practice in many areas for disinfection and decontamination. Bleach is a water
based
solution whose ability to penetrate and engage pathogens is limited to the
physiochemical barriers embodied on the substrate being treated. If the active
cidal
agent cannot come into reactive proximity with the target pathogen, nothing
will
happen. For this reason, disinfection and decontamination agents are
formulated with
substances that enable the ability overcome physiochemical barriers of
interfacial
tension and surface energy to deliver substances to reactive proximity.
Additionally,
substances that are not soluble in water may not be vulnerable to reaction
based on the
limited exposure to reactive conditions.
[0038] D7, as illustrated above, is a formula which overcomes
physiochemical
barriers to deliver reactive oxidation species to pathogenic targets and by
virtue of its
design, aid in the ability to bring resistant substances into solution where
they are then
vulnerable to oxidation by the mechanisms embodied in D7. This new version of
the
formula is an enhancement of previous versions and demonstrates a more robust
and
effective ability to perform decontamination/disinfection tasks. By alteration
of the
surfactant characteristics of the formula, we are able to show faster
decontamination
times and more complete defeat of protective pathogenic layers leading to
better
remediation results.
[0039] As D7 is a decontamination agent that delivers chemical oxidation
energy in a
safe, dilute form for the purpose of promoting oxidation of toxins to less
harmful or
totally benign breakdown products, D7 chemically treats toxins by promoting
oxidation and by consequence speeding up the decontamination process. By
itself,
D7 will work to promote decontamination. The application of SSDX-12 before D7
enhances the net effect by enabling of the displacement of adsorbed
substances.
[0040] D7 has been applied to select laundry problems and been successful
in
decontaminating and disinfecting critical garments. The ability of D7 to
perform
these tasks has been demonstrated in abundance in independent laboratory
tests. D7
has as one of its main active ingredients, quaternary amines which function as
both
potent disinfection agents and surfactants for the loosening and
solubilization of dirt
and grime common to clothing. It is well known that detergents based on
cationic
surfactants do not perform as well as anionic or neutral surfactants in a
laundry
setting.
[0041] SSDX-12 has been applied to high level decontamination tasks
associated with
aircraft and has been qualified by numerous tests and military agencies. It
has
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demonstrated a highly effective ability to remove stubborn substances from
deep
inside the microscopic grain structure of aircraft aluminum. As a detergent
for critical
use on critical surfaces, it is the go to option.
[0042] The use of modified SSDX-12 as a primary detergent for laundering
purposes
followed by treatment with D7 for final decontamination is presented as a
patentable
combination.
[0043] The foregoing description and drawings merely explain and illustrate
the
invention and the invention is not limited thereto. While the specification is
described
in relation to certain implementation or embodiments, many details are set
forth for
the purpose of illustration. Thus, the foregoing merely illustrates the
principles of the
invention. For example, the invention may have other specific forms without
departing from its spirit or essential characteristic. The described
arrangements are
illustrative and not restrictive. To those skilled in the art, the invention
is susceptible
to additional implementations or embodiments and certain of these details
described
in this application may be varied considerably without departing from the
basic
principles of the invention. It will thus be appreciated that those skilled in
the art will
be able to devise various arrangements which, although not explicitly
described or
shown herein, embody the principles of the invention and, thus, within its
scope and
spirit.
[0044] While various embodiments have been described above, it should be
understood that such disclosures have been presented by way of example only
and are
not limiting. Thus, the breadth and scope of the subject compositions and
methods
should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but
should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their
equivalents.
[0045] Having now fully described the subject compositions and methods, it
will be
understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the same can be
performed within
a wide and equivalent range of conditions, formulations and other parameters
without
affecting their scope or any embodiment thereof. All cited patents, patent
applications
and publications are fully incorporated by reference in their entirety.
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APPENDIX
SURFACE DECONTAMINATION FORMULATION
Background
[0046] The first necessity in decontamination is to facilitate exposure of
the
pathogen/agent/contaminant/toxin to the reactive mechanism designed to defeat
it.
On surfaces this necessitates:
[0047] inducing the ability to desorb a substance from the surface, or
[0048] enabling hydraulic mobility of the substance (displacement), or
[0049] forcing the substance into a hydraulically vulnerable state
(dissolution)
[0050] A harmful substance may penetrate deeply into the reticulated grain
structures
of microscopic surfaces, making it difficult to displace. Simply using water
or other
solvent may not present the appropriate physiochemical environment sufficient
to
overcome the forces holding or shielding the substance in place.
Summary
[0051] Embodiments of the invention describe an enhanced chemical
formulation and
manner of practice administering two predicate patented products (DF-200 and
SSDX-12) designed for the decontamination, disinfection and renewal of
surfaces
exposed to chemical, biological, toxic industrial contaminants and residues.
These
two products are standalone treatments for decontamination strategies. The
combinations of the two in concert with one another presents a unique approach
to
decontamination and disinfection strategies.
[0052] SSDX-12 is a high potency decontamination soap specifically used for
the
safe decontamination of air craft. In order to achieve that claim, SSDX-12 was
required to demonstrate resistance to corrosion on aircraft metal alloys and
sensitive
equipment. The product was also required to remove residues of chemical
weapons
down to an acceptable standard. While the product is demonstrably effective at
treating the targeted surfaces, the challenge of remediating the now dissolved
and
mobile chemical agents remained. In many situations it is simply unacceptable
to
rinse the treatment off into the environment.
[0053] D7 formula (hereinafter "D7" or "D7 formula") is a high potency
decontamination/disinfection agent used to treat surfaces contaminated with
bacteria,
viruses, mold, mildew, toxic industrial chemicals, chemical weapons and other
pathogenic and harmful agents. D7 is able to promote the rapid chemical
remediation
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of these threats by virtue of its unique ability to solubilize normally water
insoluble
targets and expose them to chemical oxidation directly or in the realm of a
self
assembled micellular structure embodied in the formula.
[0054] In one example, D7 formula extends the technology to include both
oxidation
reactions and reducing reactions. Additionally, D7 incorporates the treatment
for
toxic industrial chemicals. It also is the first reference to a bleaching
activator.
[0055] In another example, D7 expands into the area of mold, disinfection
and
sterilization. The chemistry has not changed or been modified. In effect, D7
is
closest to the utility the product enjoys today.
[0056] Moreover, D7 expands on the chemical landscape for DF-200.
Additionally it
incorporates data for rates of reaction against various toxic agents. It is
also an
improvement of the original DF-100 relative to performance against mustard
agents in
regard to reaction time and specificity. In one embodiment, D7 also integrates
different bleaching activators.
[0057] The synergy of effectiveness of these two decontamination strategies
is a step
forward in the state of the art of decontamination and surface remediation
providing a
much needed improvement in these practices.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0058] SSDX-12 is designed to achieve a safe, environmentally benign, low
regret
physiochemical agency capable of enabling conditions favorable toward the
removal
or deshielding of pathogens/agents/contaminant/toxins. With the application of
SSDX-12, the offending substance can be hydraulically removed or rendered
hydraulically vulnerable.
[0059] In one example, the SSDX-12 may include a cleaning composition such
as a
C<sub>8-22</sub> alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, a C<sub>6-12</sub> alkyl
dimethylamine
oxide surfactant, a C<sub>8-18</sub> alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester
surfactant,
and a C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant. The C<sub>8-18</sub>
alkyl
polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester surfactant includes from 0 to about
20
ethoxylate groups per C<sub>8-18</sub> alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty
ester
surfactant molecule. The C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant
includes from about 14 to about 16 ethoxylate groups per C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary
alcohol ethoxylate surfactant molecule.
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[0060] In yet another embodiment, a cleaning composition for cleaning
exterior
surfaces of a vehicle is provided. The cleaning composition includes from
about 0.1%
to about 5% by weight of a C<sub>8-16</sub> alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant,
from
about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of a C<sub>6-10</sub> alkyl dimethylamine oxide
surfactant, from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of a C<sub>10-14</sub> alkyl
polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester surfactant, and from about 0.1% to
about 5%
by weight of a C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant including
from
about 14 to about 16 ethoxylate groups per C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol
ethoxylate
surfactant molecule. The C<sub>10-14</sub> alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty
ester
surfactant includes from 0 to about 6 ethoxylate groups per C<sub>8-18</sub> alkyl
polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester surfactant molecule. The C<sub>12-14</sub>
secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant includes from about 14 to about 16
ethoxylate
groups per C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant molecule. The
C<sub>8-16</sub> alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, the C<sub>6-10</sub> alkyl
dimethylamine
oxide surfactant, the C<sub>10-14</sub> alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty
ester
surfactant, and the C<sub>12-14</sub> secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant are
provided
in a 1:1:1:1 ratio in the cleaning composition. The cleaning composition is
effective to
remove chemical warfare agents from the exterior surfaces of the vehicle upon
application thereto.
[0061] In one application, a method for cleaning exterior surfaces of a
vehicle using
the above cleaning composition may be applied. The method includes providing a
cleaning composition, applying the cleaning composition to the exterior
surfaces of
the vehicle, and rinsing the exterior surfaces of the vehicle with water.
[0062] However, once displaced from its microscopic perch, substances may
then be
exposed to the reactive spectrum (photoelectric radiation, oxidation, chemical
modification by an external substance) that facilitates its chemical
transformation. In
other words, the fact that SSDX-12 was able to be applied as a cleaning
composition
to a surface of a vehicle, for example, does not mean the dissolved solution
is not
toxic or environmentally friendly. That is to say, in this state, a toxin
becomes highly
vulnerable to natural forces which promote its inevitable tumble to its lowest
energy
state.
[0063] A concrete surface may look solid from our perspective but when
viewed
microscopically, it can consist of a complex network of pathways. This is the
same
with any porous surface. Close inspection reveals a labyrinth in many cases.
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Delivering chemistry into this microscopic environment requires that
significant
surface tension forces be overcome. Surface tension is the property of a
liquid that
defines how it spreads out on a surface and how well it will penetrate into a
surface.
The proprietary formulation elements of D7 enable very low surface tension
values to
be obtained at a surface. These values are not equilibrium values but rather,
dynamic
values. A turbulent solution, made so by the effervescence of decomposing
hydrogen
peroxide, will continuously be refreshing itself at the leading edges of its
penetration
into a surface. These transient ultra-low surface tension values enable a
deeper
penetration of the active chemistry embodied in D7. The cationic quaternary
amine
surfactants, coupled with the alkaline pH carbonated buffer system lay the
pathway
for a more effective penetrating delivery of the complex cleaning chemistry
embodied
in D7. The product behaves in ways similar to the mechanisms behind hydraulic
fracturing without the high pressure pumps.
[0064] Alkali carbonates (potassium based) interact with the predominantly
negatively biased surface
[0065] Quaternary amines adsorb strongly onto that negatively biased
surface
[0066] Hydraulic channels are opened allowing delivery of the cleaning
power in the
form of water, peroxide, and other formulation nonionic species.
[0067] In its ability to penetrate/eradicate biofilms vs. traditional
forms, D7 provides
advantages over prior technologies as well. In one example, biofilms are
comprised
of a secreted chemical matrix that protects pathogen colonies from intruding
threats.
These films have nutrient causeways, respiration causeways and transpiration
causeways and their precise nature is the subject of intense inquiry. The
physiochemical solution properties of D7 interact in such a way as to
efficiently and
thoroughly disrupt those surfaces. The solvency properties and the oxidation
from
peroxide and peracetic acid species effectively "pry" open the surface of the
film and
in some cases aid in the defeat of the functional causeways resulting in
terminal
disruption. Biofilms effectively organize water in a secreted extracellular
matrix that
in many cases are disrupted by the D7 detergency mechanisms.
[0068] Embodiments of D7 describe an enhanced chemical formulation designed
for
the decontamination, disinfection and renewal of surfaces exposed to chemical,
biological and toxic industrial contaminants and residues. This formula
improves on
prior art by expanding the efficacy spectrum, decreasing treatment time,
modifying
chemical properties allowing for lower effective dosage and broadening the
roster of
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chemical agents remediated by it. The formulation described herein may also be
applied in variable concentrations to achieve decontamination objectives
(cleaning,
sanitization, disinfection, high level disinfection, mold remediation, biofilm
remediation, targeted decontamination).
[0069] Embodiments of D7 aim to incremental variants designed to perform
particular tasks is the intent of this effort. In one embodiment, aspects of
the
invention may be formulated with a Generation 1 version of Quaternary amine
(ADBAC). It is thought that broadening the type of quaternary amine may bring
a
benefit in either efficacy against a broader range pathogens or greater
effectiveness
against biofilms. Of the two, biofilm effectiveness is likely the prominent
value
proposition.
[0070] Furthermore, D7 provides a simple roster of ingredients. D7 is not
made of
exotic ingredients. It is assembled with common, benign, readily available
materials.
Their combination produces a net effect greater than the simple sum of each.
[0071] The physical properties embodied in D7 tell part of the story of its
success.
Things like dynamic surface tension, critical micelle concentration, micellar
aggregation number, solvolytic potential and solution polarity all contribute
to the
enigmatic behavior of D7.
[0072] One of the more compelling actions of D7 arises from the micelle
formations.
These micelles act as miniature reaction factories where toxicants react with
activated
oxygen species rendering them neutralized or harmless.
[0073] As a starting point, the application of D7 in response to biofilm
issues seems a
valued efficacy for the customer. Defeating a biofilm protected bacteria
colony
virtually insures defeat of the prokaryotic bacteria itself The roster of
efficacy of D7
in relation to various organisms is listed below:
Disinfection Efficacy
Staphylococcus Aureus
Eschericia Coli Listeria Monocytogenes
(MRSA, VRSA)
Stereptococcus
Klebsiella pneumoniae Enter obacter cloacae
epidermidis
[0074] Taking a view of the relationship of the quat generation, the
following
comparison is relevant.
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[0075] Generation 5 Quaternary Amine. This category is a mixture of
generation 1
and generation 4. The innovation options can rapidly multiply when one
considers
permutations of different generation 1 chemistries along with the generation 4
variants. In one embodiment, D7 formulation includes:
Vendor Product Description Notes
Stepan BTC- 80% Active Different foaming
characteristics,
1210 32% CAS 68424-85-1 different efficacy profile,
different
Pilot 48% CAS 7173-51-5 physiochemical performance,
Maquat enhanced biofilm defeat
efficacy,
2420-80% residual sanitation performance
Stepan BTC-888 80% Active Different foaming
characteristics,
32% CAS 68424-85-1 different efficacy profile,
different
Pilot MQ- 48% Variable dialkyl, dimethyl physiochemical performance
624M
Part A Formulation Ingredient Prescribed amount
BTC 888 (80 % active) 32% (40% C12, 50% C14, 10% C16) + 48%
DADMAC 0.1 to 4.00%
Octyl Decyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (24%) MW=334.0273 0.024 to 0.960%
Di-n-Octyl Ammonium Chloride (12%) W=270.5207 0.012 to 0.480%
Di-n-Decyl Ammonium Chloride (12%) W=326.6279 0.012 to 0.480%
ADBAC C12 (40%) MW=339.9909 0.0128 to 0.512%
ADBAC C14 (50%) MW=368.0445 0.016 to 0.640%
ADBAC C16 (10%) MW=396.0981 0.0032 to 0.128%
Adogen 477D (50% Active) 0.05 to 2.00%
Glycol Ether DB 0.4 to 1.60%
Isobutanol 0.025 to 1.00%
Propylene Glycol 0.5 to 20.00%
Lauryl Alcohol 0.02 to 0.80%
Potassium Bicarb USP Anhyd 0.3 to 12.00%
Caustic Potash 0.0425 to
1.70%
Water 56.90 to
98.56%
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Part B Formulation Ingredient Prescribed amount
Hydrogen peroxide 0.2 to 8.00%
Inerts and stabilizers
Water 99.8 to 85%
Part C Formulation Ingredient Prescribed amount
Bleaching accelerator 0.05 to 2.00%
[0076] In one embodiment, the Generation 5 surfactants and dimethyl dialkyl
quaternary amines present an enhanced structure to the micelles developed in
the D7
formulation.
[0077] These surfactants may modify the Gouy-Chapman-Stern layer to the
point of
enhanced and improved ability to more rapidly solubilize agents into the
micelle
body.
[0078] In one example, the surfactants may modify the Gouy-Chapman-Stern
layer
that may be tied to the speed at which an agent is decontaminated, or it might
be the
extent of its decontamination.
[0079] This embodiment of the invention may have different physical
properties. The
efficacy profile of this version will also be different. The development of
the efficacy
profile should be from a dilute version, perhaps a 1 to 100 dilution of the
final
product, up to the full version. The dilute version might be considered for
surfaces
that are already clean and devoid of biofilm presence. In one embodiment, the
concentrated version would be considered for circumstances where gross filth
is more
prevalent (live animal facilities, processing plants, high biofilm potential
places).
Various embodiments of the invention for different dilutions (bacteria,
biofilm,
fogging efficacy) may enable various levels of applications in addition to
those
disclosed in FIG. 1.
[0080] This improvement upon prior art enables the contemplation of a full
spectrum
product capable of dealing with sensitive cleaning and sanitization situations
like
those encountered in food contact circumstances. In those circumstances, a
product
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may be able to be applied to a target surface usually as a spray and wiped
down
distributing the cleaning/sanitization formulation over the entire surface. In
one
embodiment, aspects of the invention may need to receive approval from
regulatory
oversight agencies before use. In this case, this is commonly known as a
"leave-on"
product. There are statutory limits of labeled ingredients permissible for
this type of
use. It is an embodied intention of this improvement to enable this type of
use. A full
strength version of the product is intended for use in highly compromised
environments like live animal barns where significant gross filth is
anticipated. This
represents the other end of the product spectrum. Regulatory oversight is also
a
requisite in relation to pesticidal embodiments. It is anticipated that there
will be
many situations in between these two extremes where a strength modulated
product
would serve the need. Examples of such situations are given in spectrum above.
[0081] It is often necessary to promote a speedier transition to a less
harmful state.
Pathogens, toxic industrial chemicals, or other undesirable substances exist
unchallenged in ambient environments except by those reactive agents common to
their surroundings. The natural remedies for treatment of infestations include
predation by organisms, hydrolysis by water, photolysis by electromagnetic
radiation,
absorption by the substrate and shielding of the pathogen by environmental
film to
name a few. If a pathogen is soluble in water, a simple rinse may suffice. The
kinetic
time frame for these actions can range from the immediate to very long periods
of
slow transition. Delivering reactive chemical activity in the form of
oxidation or
nucleophillic substitution is an effective treatment strategy well known in
common
practice. It is the route by which numerous agents deliver their efficacious
dose.
Once a substance is oxidized, it is generally more susceptible to
environmental decay
via one or more of the aforementioned mechanisms. Delivering oxidation
activity to a
target is not always straight forward. The use of bleach for instance is a
common
practice in many areas for disinfection and decontamination. Bleach is a water
based
solution whose ability to penetrate and engage pathogens is limited to the
physiochemical barriers embodied on the substrate being treated. If the active
cidal
agent cannot come into reactive proximity with the target pathogen, nothing
will
happen. For this reason, disinfection and decontamination agents are
formulated with
substances that enable the ability overcome physiochemical barriers of
interfacial
tension and surface energy to deliver substances to reactive proximity.
Additionally,
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substances that are not soluble in water may not be vulnerable to reaction
based on the
limited exposure to reactive conditions.
[0082] D7, as illustrated above, is a formula which overcomes
physiochemical
barriers to deliver reactive oxidation species to pathogenic targets and by
virtue of its
design, aid in the ability to bring resistant substances into solution where
they are then
vulnerable to oxidation by the mechanisms embodied in D7. This new version of
the
formula is an enhancement of previous versions and demonstrates a more robust
and
effective ability to perform decontamination/disinfection tasks. By alteration
of the
surfactant characteristics of the formula, we are able to show faster
decontamination
times and more complete defeat of protective pathogenic layers leading to
better
remediation results.
[0083] D7 is a decontamination agent that delivers chemical oxidation
energy in a
safe, dilute form for the purpose of promoting oxidation of toxins to less
harmful or
totally benign breakdown products. D7 chemically treats toxins by promoting
oxidation and by consequence speeding up the decontamination process. By
itself,
D7 will work to promote decontamination. The application of SSDX-12 before D7
enhances the net effect by enabling of the displacement of adsorbed
substances.
[0084] In one embodiment, the ratio of 15:1 equivalent dosage of D7 with
SSDX-12
is desirable to achieve the targeted results with the right properties and
effects on
surface decontamination.
[0085] In another embodiment, in improving foaming characteristics of the
combination of D7 and SSDX-12, BTC 8358 may be used instead of BTC 888 for
Generation 5 Quaternary. In one example, such modified Generation 5 Quaternary
at
about 4.0% may have desirable result in reducing foaming when the combination
of
D7 (with 15:1 or 30:1 equivalent dosage of SSDX-12 added) is applied to a
given
surface to treat the contaminants.
[0086] The foregoing description and drawings merely explain and illustrate
the
invention and the invention is not limited thereto. While the specification is
described
in relation to certain implementation or embodiments, many details are set
forth for
the purpose of illustration. Thus, the foregoing merely illustrates the
principles of the
invention. For example, the invention may have other specific forms without
departing from its spirit or essential characteristic. The described
arrangements are
illustrative and not restrictive. To those skilled in the art, the invention
is susceptible
to additional implementations or embodiments and certain of these details
described
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in this application may be varied considerably without departing from the
basic
principles of the invention. It will thus be appreciated that those skilled in
the art will
be able to devise various arrangements which, although not explicitly
described or
shown herein, embody the principles of the invention and, thus, within its
scope and
spirit.
[0087] While various embodiments have been described above, it should be
understood that such disclosures have been presented by way of example only
and are
not limiting. Thus, the breadth and scope of the subject compositions and
methods
should not be limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but
should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their
equivalents.
[0088] Having now fully described the subject compositions and methods, it
will be
understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the same can be
performed within
a wide and equivalent range of conditions, formulations and other parameters
without
affecting their scope or any embodiment thereof. All cited patents, patent
applications
and publications are fully incorporated by reference in their entirety.
