Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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DESCRIPTION
PERMANENT FORM FOR FORMING CONCRETE STRUCTURES
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001]
The present invention relates to a form serving to
form a concrete underground beam which supports an
understructure portion or an underground portion of a
building or a concrete sidewall of a storage tank
storing rainwater and the like. More particular, it
relates to a permanent form which remains on a surface
of the underground beam or the sidewall. It is to be
noted that the present international application claims
priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 190711
(Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-190711) filed on
October 9, 2018 and the entire contents of Japanese
Patent Application No. 2018-190711 are incorporated by
reference into this international application.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002]
There has been conventionally disclosed a storage
tank including a concrete bottom slab laid on a bottom
portion of a hole dug in the ground, a storage complex
provided on this bottom slab and accommodated in the
hole, a concrete square cylindrical sidewall provided to
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surround the storage complex on the bottom slab, and a
sidewall forming member configured to form this sidewall
into a square frame shape (for example, see Patent
Document 1, claim 1,claim 5, paragraphs [0019] and
[0023], and FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 to FIG. 5]. In this
storage tank, the storage complex has a plurality of
square plate-shaped partition plates each having at
least one cylindrical rib protruded on a lower surface
thereof and having at least one cylindrical rib
protruded on an upper surface thereof, cylindrical
spacers connected to one or both of the upper surface
and the lower surface of each of these partition plates
while being fitted to the cylindrical ribs, and an
outermost layer portion provided by alternating
arranging the partition plates and the spacers in a
vertical direction on the outermost side of the storage
complex. Further, the sidewall forming member has: a
plurality of stages of interior forms formed into a
square cylinder shape by arranging a plurality of first
plate materials so as to come into contact with a
plurality of spacers constituting the outermost layer
portion at portions forming an outer surface of the
outermost layer portion in accordance with each of
stages between a plurality of stages of partition walls
which constitute the outermost layer portion and are
vertically arranged at intervals; a plurality of
vertical reinforcements inserted into the plurality of
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stages of the partition plates, which constitute the
outermost layer portion and are vertically arranged at
intervals, so as to be placed on the outer side of the
plurality of first plate materials; and a single stage
of ab exterior form which is formed into a square
cylinder shape by holding a plurality of second plate
materials arranged on the outer side of the plurality of
stages of partition plates, which constitute the
outermost layer portion and are vertically arranged at
intervals, at predetermined intervals from the vertical
reinforcements with the use of a plurality of
separators. Furthermore, the first plate materials are
plastic cardboard materials, and the second plate
materials are steel nettings.
[0003]
In the thus configured storage tank, pouring and
hardening fresh concrete between the interior forms and
the exterior forms enables forming the sidewall on an
upper surface of the bottom slab, and storage complex
constructing work, sidewall forming member constructing
work, and sidewall forming work can be substantially
simultaneously can be proceeded. Consequently, even an
unskilled worker can form the concrete sidewall by a
relatively simple method in a relatively short time.
Moreover, even if a relatively large horizontal partial
pressure of an earth pressure acts on an outer puerperal
surface of the storage tank, the structurally robust
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concrete sidewall receives the partial pressure, and
hence the storage complex can be prevented from being
damaged. Additionally, since the concrete sidewall is
supported by the storage complex in the storage tank, a
thickness of the sidewall can be suppressed to the
requisite minimum. Further, the plastic cardboard
material which is relatively light in weight and has
relatively high strength is used as each first plate
material, the steel netting which is relatively light in
weight and has relatively high strength is used as each
second plate material, and hence conveyance and
installment of the first plate materials and the second
plate materials can be relatively easily carried out.
CITATION LIST
PATENT LITERATURE
[0004]
Patent Document 1: International Publication
W02017/073546
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
TECHNICAL PROBLEM
[0005]
In the storage tank disclosed in Patent Document 1,
since the steel netting is prone to deform and has no
self-standing property, there is a drawback that many
steps are required to hold this vertically erected steel
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netting by the separators. Furthermore, in the storage
tank disclosed in Patent Document 1, when this storage
tank is entirely installed on the ground or when a lower
portion of the storage tank is buried underground and an
upper portion of the same is exposed on the ground,
there is also a problem that an appearance of the outer
peripheral surface of the storage tank is impaired.
[0006]
On the other hand, there is a method for piling up
bricks to form the exterior form, but the piled-up
bricks have a self-standing structure without being
supported by the separators, and hence casting a large
amount of the fresh concrete between the interior form
and the exterior form at a time results into collapse of
the brick-built exterior form. Thus, there is a problem
that work of casting and hardening a small amount of the
fresh concrete between the interior form and the
exterior form and again casting and hardening a small
amount of the same must be repeated.
[0007]
A first object of the present invention is to
provide a permanent form for forming concrete
structures, which has self-standing properties and
enables readily assembling a robust exterior form or
both the exterior form and an interior form. A second
object of the present invention is to provide a
permanent form for forming concrete structures, which
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can improve an appearance of a storage tank in case of
installing the entire storage tank on the ground or
installing the storage tank in such a manner that a
lower portion of the storage tank is buried in the
ground and an upper portion of the same protrudes on the
ground. A third object of the present invention is to
provide a permanent form for forming concrete
structures, which enables easily and inexpensively
fabricating base plates constituting an exterior form or
both the exterior form and an interior form, central
reinforcement plates, end reinforcement plates, and the
like. A fourth object of the present invention is to
provide a permanent form for forming concrete
structures, which enables very easily holding an
exterior form or both the exterior form and an interior
form and enables assuredly preventing a deformation of
the exterior form and the interior form even if fresh
concrete is casted between the interior form and the
exterior form at a time.
SOLUTION TO PROBLEM
[0008]
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, according to a first
aspect of the present invention, there is provided a
permanent form 13 which is provided to form a concrete
structure constituted of a concrete sidewall 11 erected
on a concrete bottom slab 12 laid on a bottom portion of
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a hole dug in the ground or on the ground, and remains
on a surface of the sidewall 11, including: an interior
form 14 forming an inner face of the sidewall 11; an
exterior form 16 forming an outer face of the sidewall
11, and a plurality of vertical reinforcements 17 which
are arranged between the interior form 14 and the
exterior form 16 and hold the exterior form or both the
exterior form 16 and the interior form 14, in which the
exterior form or both the exterior form 16 and the
interior form 14 have: a plurality of base plates 18
which are formed into a square plate shape with the use
of plastic and closely aligned in the vertical and
horizontal directions; a plurality of central
reinforcement plates 19 which are formed into a square
plate shape substantially equal to that of the base
plates 18 in size with the use of plastic, couple four
adjacent base plates 18, and closely aligned in the
vertical and horizontal directions; and a plurality of
end reinforcement plates 21 which are formed into a
rectangular plate shape with the use of plastic, placed
on outer edges of the plurality of central reinforcement
plates 19 closely aligned in the vertical and horizontal
directions, and aligned in a square frame shape while
coupling adjacent base plates 18.
[0009]
A second aspect of the present invention is
characterized by, in the invention based on the first
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aspect, as further shown in FIG. 3(b) and FIG. 9, that
plastic decorative plates 34 are mounted on surfaces of
the plurality of central reinforcement plates 19
respectively, and a pattern 34b is raised or indented on
a surface of each of the decorative plates 34.
[0010]
A third aspect of the present invention is
characterized by, in the invention based on the first or
second aspect, as further shown in FIG. 1, that the
sidewall 11 is a concrete underground beam which is
buried in the ground and provided on the bottom slab 12
to support a building, an outer face of this underground
beam 11 is formed of the exterior form 16, and an inner
face of the underground beam 11 is formed of the
interior form 14.
[0011]
A fourth aspect of the present invention is
characterized by, in the invention based on the first or
second aspect, as further shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 13,
that the side wall 51 is a concrete square cylindrical
sidewall provided on the bottom slab 52 to surround a
rectangular parallelepiped storage complex 55 for
forming a storage tank 50, and an outer face of this
sidewall 51 is formed of the exterior form 16.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
[0012]
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In the permanent form according to the first aspect
of the present invention, the exterior form or both the
exterior form and the interior form are formed by
coupling the base plates, the central reinforcement
plates, and the end reinforcement plates in the vertical
and horizontal directions, the plurality of vertical
reinforcements are disposed between the interior form
and the exterior form, the exterior form or both the
exterior form and the interior form are held by these
vertical reinforcements, and hence the exterior form or
both the exterior form and the interior form having the
self-standing properties and robustness can be easily
assembled. Consequently, even if a large amount of the
fresh concrete is poured between the interior form and
the exterior form at a time, a concrete sidewall having
a predetermined shape can be formed without deforming
the exterior form or both the exterior form and the
interior form. Further, since the base plates, the
central reinforcement plates, and the end reinforcement
plates are made of plastic, the base plates, the central
reinforcement plates, and the end reinforcement plates
constituting the exterior form or both the exterior form
and the interior form can be easily fabricated.
Furthermore, forming the base plates, the central
reinforcement plates, and the end reinforcement plates
with the use of waste plastic enables inexpensively
fabricating the base plates, the central reinforcement
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plates, and the end reinforcement plates constituting
the exterior form or both the exterior form and the
interior form.
[0013]
In the permanent form according to the second
aspect of the present invention, the decorative plates
made of plastic are mounted on the surfaces of the
plurality of central reinforcement plates respectively,
the pattern is raised or indented on the surfaces of the
decorative plates, and hence the decorative plates each
having the pattern raised or indented on the surfaces
thereof are exposed when the sidewall is formed on the
ground. Consequently, the appearance of the surface of
the sidewall can be improved.
[0014]
In the permanence frame according to the third
aspect of the present invention, since the sidewall is
the concrete underground beam which is buried in the
ground and provided on the bottom slab to support a
building and the outer face of this underground beam is
formed of the exterior force whilst the inner face of
the underground beam is formed of the interior form, the
exterior form and the interior form are formed by
coupling the bate plates, the central reinforcement
plates, and the end reinforcement plates in the vertical
and horizontal directions, the plurality of vertical
reinforcements are arranged between the interior frame
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and the exterior frame, and the exterior form and the
interior form are held by these vertical reinforcements.
Consequently, the exterior form and the interior form
which have the self-standing properties and the
robustness can be easily assembled. Further, even if a
large amount of the fresh concrete is poured between the
interior frame and the exterior frame at a time, the
concrete sidewall having a predetermined shape can be
formed without deforming the exterior form and the
interior form.
[0015]
In the permanent form according to the fourth
aspect of the present invention, since the sidewall is
the concrete square cylindrical sidewall which is
provided to surround the rectangular parallelepiped
storage complex on the bottom slab for forming the
storage tank and the outer face of this sidewall is
formed of the exterior form, the exterior form is formed
by coupling the base plates, the central reinforcement
plates, and the end reinforcement plate in the vertical
and horizontal directions, the plurality of vertical
reinforcements are arranged between the interior form
and the exterior form, and the exterior form is held by
these vertical reinforcements. Consequently, the
exterior form having the self-standing properties and
the robustness can be easily assembled. It is to be
noted that the interior form is assembled to the outer
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peripheral surface of the storage complex assembled on
the bottom slab. Furthermore, as compared with a case
where the steel netting or the bricks are used as the
exterior form, assembling work of the exterior form can
be greatly reduced and, even if a large amount of the
fresh concrete is poured between the interior form and
the exterior form at a time, the concrete sidewall
having a predetermined shape can be formed without
deforming the exterior form. Moreover, in a case where
the entire storage tank is installed on the ground or
the storage tank is installed in such a manner that the
lower portion thereof is buried in the ground and the
upper portion thereof is protruded on the ground,
mounting the decorative plates on the surfaces of the
central reinforcement plates of the exterior form
protruded on the ground enables improving the appearance
of the surface of the storage tank.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a primary part
showing a state where an underground beam is formed with
the use of a permanent form for forming concrete
structures according to a first embodiment of the
present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a front view showing a basic
assembling procedure for base plates of an exterior form
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or an interior form of the permanent form, and (b) is a
front view showing a basic procedure for coupling the
adjacent base plates by a central reinforcement plate;
FIG. 3(a) is a front view showing a basic procedure
for placing end reinforcement plates on outer edges of
the central reinforcement plate which couples the
adjacent base plates and coupling the adjacent base
plates by the end reinforcement plates, and (b) is a
front view showing a basic procedure for mounting a
decorative plate on a surface of the central
reinforcement plate;
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a halfway state of
assembling the exterior frame or the interior frame of
an underground beam with the use of the base plates, the
central reinforcement plates, and the end reinforcement
plates;
FIG. 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a
primary part showing a connecting structure of the
exterior forms at a portion where the exterior forms
become orthogonal to each other;
FIG. 6(a) is a perspective view of the base plate
seen from a front surface side, and (b) is a perspective
view of the base plate seen from a back surface side;
FIG. 7(a) is a perspective view of the central
reinforcement plate seen from the front surface side,
and (b) is a perspective view of the central
reinforcement plate seen from the back surface side;
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FIG. 8(a) is a perspective view of the end
reinforcement plate seen from the front surface side,
and (b) is a perspective view of the end reinforcement
plate seen from the back surface side;
FIG. 9(a) is a perspective view of the decorative
plate seen from the front surface side, and (b) is a
perspective view of the decorative plate seen from the
back surface side;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a
portion A in FIG. 13, showing a state where a sidewall
of a storage tank buried in the ground is formed with
the use of a permanent form for forming concrete
structures according to a second embodiment of the
present invention;
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along a
line B-B in FIG. 13;
FIG. 12 is a front view showing a halfway state of
assembling an exterior form of the storage tank with the
use of base plates, central reinforcement plates, and
end reinforcement plates;
FIG. 13 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a
storage facility including this storage tank; and
FIG. 14 is a front view of the exterior form,
showing a state where decorative plates are mounted on a
sidewall of an upper half of a storage tank which is
installed in such a manner that a lower portion thereof
is buried in the ground and an upper portion thereof is
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protruded on the ground using a permanent form for
forming concrete structures according to a third
embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0017]
Embodiments of the present invention will now be
described with reference to the drawings.
[0018]
<First Embodiment>
As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a concrete
sidewall 11 which is a concrete structure is a concrete
underground beam which supports an understructure
portion or an underground portion of a building, and
this underground beam 11 is erected in a square frame
shape on a concrete square plate-shaped bottom slab 12
laid on a bottom portion of a hole dug in the ground.
The underground beam 11 is formed of a permanent form 13
remaining on a surface of this underground beam 11,
i.e., an outer face and an inner face of the underground
beam 11. This permanent form 13 includes an interior
form 14 forming the inner face of the underground beam
11, an exterior form 16 forming the outer face of the
underground beam 11, and a plurality of vertical
reinforcements 17 which are arranged between the
interior form 14 and the exterior form 16 and hold the
exterior form 16 and the interior form 14.
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[0019]
The exterior form 16 and the interior form 14 are
plane-symmetrically formed of the same components (FIG.
1). Each of the exterior form 16 and the interior form
14 has a plurality of base plates 18 which are formed
into a square plate shape using plastic and closely
aligned in the vertical and horizontal directions, a
plurality of central reinforcement plates 19 which are
formed into a square plate shape substantially equal to
that of the base plate 18 in size with the use of the
plastic, couple the adjacent four base plates 18, and
are closely aligned in the vertical and horizontal
directions, and a plurality of end reinforcement plates
21 which are formed into a rectangular plate shape using
the plastic, placed on outer edges of the plurality of
central reinforcement plates 19 closely aligned in the
vertical and horizontal directions, couple the adjacent
base plates 18, and aligned in a square frame shape
(FIG. 1 to FIG. 4). The base plates 18, the central
reinforcement plates 19, and the end reinforcement
plates 21 are made of a polyolefin resin (polypropylene,
polyethylene, and the like), a vinyl chloride resin, and
the like.
[0020]
The base plate 18 is preferably formed into a
square plate shape which is 20 cm to 80 cm on a side and
has a thickness of 4 cm to 8 cm. Further, the base plate
16
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18 has a base plate body 18a formed into a square plate
shape, four base plate coupling holes 18b each formed at
a substantial center of a divided square plate when this
base plate body 18a is divided into four square plates,
four cylindrical ribs 18c which are protruded on a side
facing the central reinforcement plate 19 or the end
reinforcement plate 21 of both sides of the base plate
body 18a and surround the peripheries of the four base
plate coupling holes 18b respectively, and a frame-
shaped protrusion 18d which is protruded on an opposite
side of a side facing the central reinforcement plate 19
or the end reinforcement plate 21 of both the sides of
the base plate body 18a and formed into a square frame
shape extending along an outer edge of the base plate
body 18a (FIG. 1 and FIG. 6). Furthermore, on an outer
peripheral surface of the base plate 18, i.e., an outer
face of the frame-shaped protrusion 18d, concave
portions 18e and convex portions 18f are alternately
formed in a checkerboard pattern (a checker pattern) in
two rows in the thickness direction of the base plate 18
and four rows in the longitudinal direction of the base
plate in accordance with each of four sides (FIG. 6). A
height of the cylindrical ribs 18c is formed to be
substantially equal to a thickness of each of an
exterior corner portion connecting plate 22 (FIG. 5) and
an interior corner portion connecting plate (not shown)
which will be described later.
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[0021]
Further, the plurality of base plates 18 are
closely aligned within the same vertical plane in the
vertical and horizontal directions (FIG. 2 to FIG. 4).
In this instance, the concave portions 18e and the
convex portions 18f formed on the outer face of the
frame-shaped protrusion 18d of the base plate 18 are
loosely fitted onto and loosely inserted into the convex
portions 18f and the concave portions 18e formed on the
outer face of the frame-shaped protrusion 18d of an
adjacent base plate 18, respectively. Consequently, the
base plate 18 and the adjacent base plate 18 can be
prevented from moving within an interface thereof,
namely, the base plate 18 and the adjacent base plate 18
can be prevented from relatively moving in the
longitudinal direction and the thickness direction
thereof. Moreover, the concave portions 18e and the
convex portions 18f formed on the outer face of the
frame-shaped protrusion 18d of the base plate 18 are
loosely fitted on and loosely inserted into the convex
portions 18f and the concave portions 18e formed on the
outer face of the frame-shape protrusion 18d of an upper
or lower base plate 18, respectively. In this case,
likewise, the base plate 18 and the upper or lower base
plate 18 can be prevented from moving within an
interface thereof.
[0022]
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Reference numeral 18g in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6(b)
denotes a horizontal reinforcement rib which is provided
to horizontally extend in the frame-shaped protrusion
18d, and reference numeral 18h in FIG. 6(b) denotes a
vertical reinforcement rig which is provided to
vertically extend in the frame-shaped protrusion 18d. In
this embodiment, a plurality of locking holes 18i are
formed in the horizontal reinforcement rib 18g and
vertical two sides of the four sides of the frame-shaped
protrusion 18d of the base plate 18 at predetermined
intervals. Additionally, one end of a later-described
exterior separator 24 is locked on an exterior vertical
reinforcement 17a of the vertical reinforcements 17
whilst the other end of the same is locked in the
locking hole 18i of the base plate 18 forming the
exterior form 16, and one end of a later-described inner
separator 26 is locked on an interior vertical
reinforcement 17b of the vertical reinforcement 17
whilst the other end is locked in the locking hole 18i
of the base plate 18 forming the interior form 14. It is
to be noted that locking holes may be provided in the
horizontal reinforcement rib and the vertical
reinforcement rib, and the locking holes may be provided
in all the four sides of the frame-shaped protrusion. In
this case, the upper, lower, left, and right sides of
the base plate are not distinguished, and construction
work for the base plates can be facilitated.
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[0023]
The central reinforcement plate 19 is preferably
formed into a square plate shape which is 20 cm to 80 cm
on a side and has a thickness of 3 cm to 6 cm (FIG. 1
and FIG. 7). Further, the central reinforcement plate 19
has a central reinforcement plate body 19a formed into a
square plate shape, four central coupling pins 19b
protruded on a side facing the base plate 18 of both
sides of the central reinforcement plate body 19a, a
square decorative plate accommodating concave portion
19c formed at the center of an opposite side of a side
facing the base plate 18 of both the sides of the
central reinforcement plate body 19a. Furthermore, each
of the four central coupling pins 19b is formed at a
substantial center of a divided square plate when the
central reinforcement plate body 19a is divided into
four square plates. Consequently, in a state where the
adjacent four base plates 18 are closely aligned in the
vertical and horizontal directions (FIG. 2), inserting
the four central coupling pins of the central
reinforcement plate 19 into the base plate coupling
holes 18b of the four base plates respectively in such a
manner that the central reinforcement plate 19 is placed
at the center of the four base plates 18 and overlaps
one corner of each of the four base plates 18 enables
coupling the four base plates 18 by the central
reinforcement plate 19 (FIG. 2(b) and FIG. 3(a)). Here,
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the central coupling pins 19b are press-fitted or driven
into the base plate coupling holes 18b and configured to
be prevented from being easily removed by vibration or
the like. It is to be noted that reference numeral 19d
in FIG. 7(b) denotes lightweight concave portions formed
on a side facing the base plate 18 of both the sides of
the central reinforcement plate body 19a, and reference
numeral 19e denotes reinforcement ribs protruded in the
lightweight concave portions 19d in the vertical and
horizontal directions. Further, reference numeral 19f in
FIG. 2(b), FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 denote four
through holes for mounting a decorative plate 34.
Furthermore, the concave portions and the convex
portions having a checkerboard pattern (a checker
pattern) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the
base plate 18, i.e., the outer peripheral surface of the
frame-shaped protrusion 18d are not formed on the outer
peripheral surface of the central reinforcement plate
19.
[0024]
On the other hand, the end reinforcement plate 21
is formed into a rectangular plate shape whose longer
sides have a length which is 1.5 times the central
reinforcement plate 19, whose shorter sides have a
length which is 0.5 times the central reinforcement
plate 19, and whose thickness is the same as a thickness
of the central reinforcement plate 19 (FIG. 1, FIG. 3,
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FIG. 4, and FIG. 8). Moreover, the end reinforcement
plate 21 has an end reinforcement plate body 21a formed
into a rectangular plate shape, and three end coupling
pins 21b protruded toward the base plate 18 on both
sides of the end reinforcement plate body 21a (FIG. 1,
FIG. 5, and FIG. 8(b)). Additionally, each of the three
end coupling pins 21b is formed at a substantial center
of a divided square plate when the end reinforcement
plate body 21a is divided into square plates each side
of which is a short side of the end reinforcement plate
body 21a. Consequently, in a state where the four base
plates 18 are coupled by one central reinforcement plate
19, the two end coupling pins 21b of the three end
coupling pins 21b of the end reinforcement plate 21 are
inserted into the base plate coupling holes 18b of one
base plate 18 respectively and the one remaining end
coupling pin 21b is inserted into the base plate
coupling hole 18b of the base plate 18 adjacent to this
base plate 18 in such a manner that one end
reinforcement plate 21 is placed on the outer edge of
one central reinforcement plate 19, whereby the two
plate plates 18 are coupled in such a manner that the
one end reinforcement plate 21 overlaps the two base
plates 18 (FIG. 3(a)). When the same work as that
described above is repeated, the three end reinforcement
plates are placed on the outer edge of the one central
reinforcement plate and aligned in a square frame shape
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while coupling the adjacent base plates (FIG. 3(b)). In
this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of
end reinforcement plates 21 are placed on the outer
edges of the plurality of central reinforcement plates
19 closely extending in the horizontal direction and
aligned in a square frame shape while coupling the
adjacent base plates 18. Here, the end coupling pins 21b
are press-fitted or driven into the base plate coupling
holes 18b, and configured so that they can be prevented
from being easily removed by vibration or the like.
[0025]
It is to be noted that reference numeral 21c in
FIG. 8(a) denotes an engagement convex stripe protruded
on one short side of a pair of short sides of the end
reinforcement body 21a, and reference numeral 21d in
FIG. 8(b) denotes a short-side engagement concave stripe
indented on the other short side of the pair of short
sides of the end reinforcement plate body 21a. Further,
reference numeral 21e in FIG. 8 denotes a long-side
engagement concave stripe formed on each of both end
portions of a pair of long sides of the end
reinforcement plate body 21a. When the engagement convex
stripe 21c engages with the short-side engagement
concave stripe 21d or the long-side coupling concave
stripe 21e, the movement of the engage reinforcement
plates 21, 21 in the thickness direction is avoided.
Furthermore, reference numeral 21f in FIG. 8(b) denotes
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a lightweight concave portion formed on a side facing
the base plate 18 of both the sides of the end
reinforcement plate body 21a, and reference numeral 21g
in FIG. 8(a) denotes a plurality of lightweight concave
portions formed in the longitudinal direction on an
opposite side of the side facing the base plate 18 of
both the sides of the end reinforcement plate body 21a.
[0026]
On the other hand, the plurality of vertical
reinforcements 17 have a plurality of exterior vertical
reinforcements 17a which hold exterior form 16 using the
exterior separators 24 and are erected at intervals in
the longitudinal direction of the exterior form 16, and
a plurality of interior vertical reinforcements 17b
which hold the interior form 14 using interior
separators 26 and are erected at intervals in the
longitudinal direction of the interior form 14 (FIG. 1).
The exterior separators 24 and the interior separators
26 are formed into the same shape with the same size. An
exterior reinforcement 28 is assembled by coupling the
plurality of exterior vertical reinforcements 17a and a
plurality of exterior horizontal reinforcements 27 in a
lattice pattern with the use of a binding wire or
welding, and an interior lattice reinforcement 31 is
assembled by assembling the plurality of interior
vertical reinforcements 17b and a plurality of interior
horizontal reinforcements 29 in a lattice pattern with
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the use of the binding wire or the welding. A
reinforcement temporary assembly 32 assembled by
crossing a plurality of reinforcements narrower that
these vertical reinforcements 28, 31 in the vertical,
horizontal, and height directions using the binding wire
or the welding is provided between the plurality of
exterior vertical reinforcements 17a and the plurality
of interior vertical reinforcements 17b, i.e., between
the exterior lattice reinforcement 28 and the interior
lattice reinforcement 31. Furthermore, the plurality of
exterior lattice reinforcements 28 are coupled with an
outer face of the reinforcement temporary assembly 32
using the binding wire or the welding, and the plurality
of interior lattice reinforcements 31 are coupled with
an inner face of the reinforcement temporary assembly 32
by the binding wire or the welding, thereby fabricating
a reinforcement assembly 33. A lower portion of this
reinforcement assembly 33 is buried in the concrete
bottom slab 12. Moreover, it is preferable to form the
exterior separators 24 and the interior separators 26 by
bending a metal wire such as a wire at a construction
site or using a metal rod of carbon steel or the like
bent into a predetermined shape in advance.
[0027]
It is to be noted that, as shown in FIG. 5, the
exterior forms 16, 16 abutting on each other at a right
angle are connected through the exterior corner portion
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connecting plate 22 having a substantially L-like shape
as seen in a plan view. One flat plate portion 22a of
this exterior corner portion connecting plate 22 is
inserted between the base plate 18 and the end
reinforcement plate 21 constituting an end portion of
one exterior form 16, and the other flat plate portion
22b is inserted between the base plate 18 and the end
reinforcement plate 21 constituting an end portion of
the other exterior form 16. Additionally, the interior
forms 14, 14 abutting on each other at a right angle are
connected through an interior corner portion connecting
plate (not shown) having a substantially L-like shape as
seen in a plan view. One flat plate portion (not shown)
of this interior corner portion connecting plate is
inserted between the base plate 18 and the end
reinforcement plate 21 constituting an end portion of
one interior form 14, and the other flat plate portion
(not shown) is inserted between the base plate 18 and
the end reinforcement plate 21 constituting an end
portion of the other interior form 14. Further, as shown
in FIG. 3(b), the plastic decorative plate 34 may be
mounted on a surface of the central reinforcement plate
19. In this embodiment, the decorative plate 34 has a
decorative plate body 34a formed into a substantially
square plate shape, a pattern 34b which is raised on a
surface of this decorative plate body 34a and
constituted of Mount Fuji and the sun, and four mounting
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pins 34c which are protruded on a back side of the
decorative plate body 34a and inserted into the four
through holes 19f of the central reinforcement plate 19
(FIG. 3(b) and FIG. 9). When the underground beam 11 is
exposed on the surface of the ground, mounting this
decorative plate 34 on the surface of the central
reinforcement plate 19 of the exterior form 16 enables
improving the appearance of the underground beam 11.
Here, the mounting pins 34c are press-fitted or driven
into the through holes 19f and configured so that they
cannot be easily removed by vibration or the like. The
exterior corner portion connecting plate 22, the
interior corner portion connecting plate, and the
decorative plate 34 are made of a polyolefin resin
(polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like), a vinyl
chloride resin, and the like. Furthermore, it is
preferable to form the exterior corner portion
connecting plate 22 and the interior corner portion
connecting plate with a thickness of approximately 1 cm
to 2 cm and form the decorative plate 34 with a
thickness of approximately 0.4 cm to 1.2 cm.
[0028]
A description will now be given on an assembling
procedure of the thus configured underground beam 11.
First, a hole having a bottom portion larger than the
bottom slab 12 is dug in the ground, and the
reinforcement assembly 33 is placed in a square frame
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shape on the bottom portion of this hole. Then, the
fresh concrete is poured into the bottom portion of the
hole, and the concrete bottom slab 12 having the square
plate shape is formed on the bottom portion of the hole.
At this moment, a lower portion of the reinforcement
assembly 33 is buried in the bottom slab 12.
Subsequently, on the bottom slab 12, the exterior form
16 is formed by coupling the base plates 18, the central
reinforcement plates 19, and the end reinforcement
plates 21 in the vertical and horizontal directions as
shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, and the interior form 14 is
formed by coupling the base plates 18, the central
reinforcement plates 19, and the end reinforcement
plates 21 in the vertical and horizontal directions as
shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4. Additionally, the exterior
frame 16 is placed on the outer side of the
reinforcement assembly 33 at a predetermined interval,
ends of the exterior separators 24 on one side are
locked on the exterior horizontal reinforcements 27 of
the exterior lattice reinforcement 28, and ends of the
exterior separators 24 on the other side are locked in
the locking holes 18i of the base plates 18 of the
exterior form 16 (FIG. 1). Consequently, the exterior
form 16 is held by the plurality of exterior vertical
reinforcements 17a through the plurality of exterior
separators 24 and the plurality of exterior horizontal
reinforcements 27. Further, the interior form 14 is
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placed on the inner side of the reinforcement assembly
33 at a predetermined interval, ends of the interior
separators 26 on one side are locked on the interior
horizontal reinforcements 29 of the interior lattice
reinforcement 31, and ends of the interior separators 26
on the other side are locked in the locking holes 18i of
the base plates 18 of the interior form 14.
Consequently, the interior form 14 is held by the
plurality of interior vertical reinforcements 17b
through the plurality of interior separators 26 and the
plurality of interior horizontal reinforcements 29.
[0029]
Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the exterior forms 16, 16
abutting on each other at a right angle are connected
through the exterior corner portion connecting plate 22,
and the interior forms 14, 14 abutting on each other at
a right angle are connected through the interior corner
portion connecting plate. In the thus assembled
permanent form 13, as compared with a case where the
exterior forms and the interior forms are formed using
the steel netting, plywood, and the like, the work for
assembling the exterior form 16 and the interior form 14
can be greatly shortened. That is, the exterior form 16
and the interior form 14 having the self-standing
properties and the robustness can be easily assembled.
Furthermore, the fresh concrete is poured and hardened
between the interior form 14 and the exterior form 16 to
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form the underground beam 11 (FIG. 1). At this moment,
even if a large amount of the fresh concrete is poured
between the interior forms 14 and the exterior forms 16,
the exterior vertical reinforcements 17a hold the
exterior form 16 through the exterior separators 24, the
interior vertical reinforcements 17b hold the interior
frame 14 through the interior separators 26, and hence
the concrete underground beam 11 having a predetermined
shape can be formed without deforming the exterior form
16 and the interior form 14. Moreover, since the base
plates 18, the central reinforcement plates 19, and the
end reinforcement plates 21 are made of plastic, the
base plates 18, the central reinforcement plates 19, and
the end reinforcement plates 21 constituting the
exterior form 16 and the interior form 14 can be easily
fabricated. Additionally, when the base plates 18, the
central reinforcement plates 19 and the end
reinforcement plates 21 are formed using waste plastic,
the base plates 18, the central reinforcement plates 19,
and the end reinforcement plates 21 constituting the
exterior form 16 and the interior form 14 can be
inexpensively fabricated.
[0030]
<Second Embodiment>
FIG. 10 to FIG. 13 show a second embodiment of the
present invention. In FIG. 10 to FIG. 13, reference
numerals equal to those in FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 denote the
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same parts. In this embodiment, a sidewall 51 is a
concrete square cylindrical sidewall provided to
surround a rectangular parallelepiped storage complex 55
on a bottom slab 52 to form a storage tank 50, and an
outer surface of this sidewall 51 is formed of each
exterior form 56 of a permanent form 53. The bottom slab
52 is laid on a bottom portion of a hole 59 dug in the
ground. The sidewall 51 is formed into a square frame
shape with the use of the permanent frame 53 having the
exterior frame 56, each interior frame 54, and a
plurality of vertical reinforcements 57. As shown in
FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the storage complex 55 has a
plurality of stages of horizontal connecting bodies 61
to 64 on a plurality of stages constituted by aligning
and connecting a plurality of square plate-shaped
partition plates 58 within a horizontal plane, a
plurality of cylindrical spacers 66 connected to either
one or both of a lower surface and an upper surface of
each of the plurality of partition plates 58, and an
outermost layer portion 67 provided by alternately
arranging the partition plates 58 and the spacers 66 in
the vertical direction on the outermost side of the
storage complex 55. Further, at least one cylindrical
rib 58a, 58b is protruded on a lower surface of each
partition plate 58, and at least one cylindrical rib
58c, 58d is protruded on an upper surface of the same.
Furthermore, each cylindrical spacer 66 is fitted to
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each of the cylindrical ribs 58a to 58b and thereby
connected to one or both of the lower surface and the
upper surface of each partition plate 58.
[0031]
In this embodiment, two ribs which are the first
cylindrical rib 58a having a small diameter and the
second cylindrical rib 58b having a large-diameter are
concentrically formed on the lower surface of the
partition plate 58, and two ribs which are the third
cylindrical rib 58c having a small diameter and the
fourth cylindrical rib 58d having a large diameter are
concentrically formed on the upper surface of the
partition plate 58 (FIG. 10). The diameter of the first
cylindrical rib 58a and the diameter of the third
cylindrical rib 58c are equally formed, and the diameter
of the second cylindrical rib 58b and the diameter of
the fourth cylindrical rib 58d are equally formed.
Furthermore, an insertion hole 58e into which a later-
described spindle pipe 68 can be inserted is formed at a
center of the partition plate 58 (FIG. 10 and FIG. 11).
Reference numeral 58f in FIG. 11 denotes a plurality of
flow holes which are formed in the partition plate 58
and through which rainwater 70 (FIG. 13) can pass. It is
to be noted that, although not shown, engaged holes are
formed at four corner portions of the partition plate 58
respectively, and a first engaging protrusion 71a of a
first coupling piece 71 formed into a square plate shape
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or a second engaging protrusion (not shown) of a second
coupling piece (not shown) formed into a rectangular
plate shape is configured to enable engagement with each
of these engaged holes. That is, the plurality of
partition plates 58 placed within the same horizontal
plane are coupled by the first coupling pieces 71 or the
second coupling pieces. Specifically, the respective
corner portions of the four partition plates 58 adjacent
to each other within the same horizontal plane are
coupled with each other by the first coupling pieces 71,
and the respective corner portions of the two adjacent
partition plates 58 placed on the outermost side within
the same horizontal plane are coupled with each other by
the second coupling pieces. Moreover, it is preferable
to form the partition plates 58, the first coupling
pieces 71, and the second coupling pieces into a square
plate shape which is approximately 20 cm to 40 cm on a
side with the use of a polyolefin resin (polypropylene,
polyethylene, and the like), a vinyl chloride resin, and
the like.
[0032]
In this embodiment, each of the spacers 66 is
formed into a cylindrical shape and constituted in such
a manner that an upper end thereof is fitted to the
large-diameter second cylindrical rib 58b of the
partition plate 58 and a lower end thereof is fitted to
the large-diameter fourth cylindrical portion 58d of
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another partition plate 58 (FIG. 10). Additionally, a
plurality of flow holes 66a through which the rainwater
70 (FIG. 13) can pass are formed on an outer peripheral
surface of each spacer 66. It is preferable to form the
spacers 66 using plastic which is the same as the
material of the partition plates 58.
[0033]
On the other hand, concave portions 58g and convex
portions 58h in two rows in the thickness direction of
the partition plate 58 and four rows in the longitudinal
direction of the partition plate 58 are alternately
formed in a checkerboard pattern (a checker pattern) on
the outer peripheral surface of the partition plate 58
in accordance with each of the four sides (FIG. 11).
Further, aligning and connecting the plurality of the
partition plates 58 with each other within the same
horizontal plane enables constituting horizontal
connecting bodies 61 to 64. In this instance, the
concave portions 58g and the convex portions 58h of the
partition plate 58 are loosely fitted on and loosely
inserted into the convex portions 58h and the concave
portions 58g of the adjacent partition plate 58,
respectively. Consequently, the partition plate 58 and
the adjacent partition plate 58 can be prevented from
moving on their interface.
[0034]
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In this embodiment, the horizontal connecting
bodies 61 to 64 are formed on four stages, and they
consist of the first horizontal connecting body 61 on
the lowermost stage, the second horizontal connecting
body 62 on a second stage from the bottom, the third
horizontal connecting body 63 on a third stage from the
bottom, and the horizontal connecting body 64 on a
fourth stage from the bottom (the uppermost stage) (FIG.
13). Each of the first, third, and the fourth horizontal
connecting bodies 61, 63, and 64 is formed into a square
plate shape, and the second horizontal connecting body
62 is formed into a square frame shape. Furthermore, in
this embodiment, the outermost layer portion 67 is
provided on the outermost side of the storage complex
55, and an interior outer layer portion 69 is provided
to be adjacent to the inner side of this outermost layer
portion 67. The outermost layer portion 67 and the
interior outer layer portion 69 are constituted by
alternately arranging the partition plates 58 and the
spacers 66 in the vertical direction. That is, the
outermost layer portion 67 and the interior outer layer
portion 69 include not only the partition plates 58 and
the spacers 66 stacked in the vertical direction between
the partition plate 58 constituting the first horizontal
connecting body 61 on the lowermost stage and the
partition plate 58 constituting the fourth horizontal
connecting body 64 on the uppermost stage but also the
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partition plate 58 constituting the first horizontal
connecting body 61 and the partition plate 58
constituting the fourth horizontal connecting body 64 on
the uppermost stage. Furthermore, the partition plates
58 on the inner side of the interior outer layer 69 are
arranged at an interval of one stage in the vertical
direction. Consequently, the second horizontal
connecting body 62 is formed into a square frame shape
consisting of the partition plates 58 alone constituting
the outermost layer portion 67 and the interior outer
layer portion 69 without arranging the partition plates
58 on the inner side of the interior outer layer portion
69.
[0035]
On the other hand, the interior form 54 of the
permanent form 53 is formed into a square cylindrical
shape by arranging a plurality of interior plates 54a,
and the exterior form 56 is formed into the same shape
with the same size as the exterior form in the first
embodiment. Moreover, the vertical reinforcements 57
have exterior vertical reinforcements 57a which
constitute the outermost layer portion 67 and are
inserted into through holes (not shown) formed in the
partition plates 58 so that they are placed on the outer
side of the interior form 54 on the respective partition
plates 58 of the first to fourth horizontal connecting
bodies 61 to 64. Additionally, ends of the exterior
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separators 24 on one side are locked on the exterior
horizontal reinforcements 27 forming the exterior
lattice reinforcement 28 together with the exterior
vertical reinforcements 57a, and ends of the same on the
other end are locked in locking holes 18i of the base
plates 18 of the exterior form 56, whereby the exterior
form 56 is held by the exterior vertical reinforcements
57a through the exterior separators 24 and the exterior
horizontal reinforcements 27. The interior form 54 is
formed into a square cylindrical shape by arranging
interior plates 54a in accordance with each stage of the
first to fourth horizontal connecting bodies 61 to 64
which constitute the outermost layer portion 67 and are
arranged at intervals in the vertical direction in such
a manner that these plates come into contact with
portions of the plurality of spacers 66, which form
outer faces of the outermost layer portion 67,
constituting the outermost layer portion 67, namely,
that they come into line contact with these outer faces
while surrounding all of the plurality of spacers 66
constituting the outermost layer portion 67 (FIG. 10 and
FIG. 11). It is preferable to form each interior plate
54a by using a polypropylene plastic carboard which is
relatively light in weight and has relatively high
strength, and the interior plates 54a adjacent to each
other are arranged to partially overlap (FIG. 11). Here,
a plurality of auxiliary receiving members 72 which
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receive the interior forms 54 together with the spacers
66 constituting the outermost layer portion 67 are
preferably inserted into flow holes 58f of the partition
walls 58 constituting the outermost layer portion 67.
This auxiliary receiving member 72 is preferably formed
of a vinyl chloride tube. It is to be noted that, in
this embodiment, the interior vertical reinforcements,
the interior horizontal reinforcement, the interior
lattice reinforcements, the interior separators, the
reinforcement temporary assembly, and the reinforcement
assembly in the first embodiment are not used, but the
outer peripheral surface of the storage complex 55 and
the exterior lattice reinforcement 28 (the plurality of
exterior vertical reinforcements 57a and the plurality
of exterior horizontal reinforcements 27) are covered
with a lattice-shaped reinforcing rebar (not shown)
formed by welding reinforcements extending in the
vertical and horizontal directions.
[0036]
It is to be noted that reference numeral 19g in
FIG. 12 denotes four notched concave portions formed at
four corners of an opposite surface of a surface facing
the base plate 18 of both the surfaces of the central
reinforcement plate body 19 of the exterior form 56,
respectively. A reinforcement plate connecting hole 19h
is formed at a center of each of these notched concave
portions 19g. Further, when the four central
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reinforcement plates 19 are closely aligned in the
vertical and horizontal directions, the four notched
concave portions 19g are combined at the center of these
central reinforcement plates 19 to form a connecting
plate accommodation concave portion 19i which can
accommodate a square plate-shaped connecting plate (not
shown). Four reinforcement plate connecting pins (not
shown) are protruded on a back side of the connecting
plate, and inserting these reinforcement plate
connecting pins into the reinforcement plate connecting
holes 19h of the four central reinforcement plates 19
respectively connects the four central reinforcement
plates 19. Here, the reinforcement plate connecting pins
are press-fitted or drove into the reinforcement plate
connecting holes 19h and configured so that they cannot
be easily removed by vibration or the like.
[0037]
On the other hand, a spindle pipe 68 extending in
the vertical direction is provided to pierce through the
partition plates 58 and the spacers 66 constituting the
outermost layer portion 67 and the interior outer layer
portion 69 (FIG. 10 and FIG. 11). Furthermore, a
plurality of long holes 68a extending in the
longitudinal direction of the spindle pipe 68 are formed
on an outer peripheral surface of the spindle pipe 68 at
predetermined intervals to prevent occurrence of air
accumulation (FIG. 10). Moreover, the spindle pipe 68 is
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provided to extend from the bottom surface to the top
surface of the storage tank 50 (FIG. 10 and FIG. 11). It
is to be noted that, when the storage tank is relatively
small in size and just relatively small strength is
required, the spindle pipe may be omitted.
[0038]
The partition plates 58 which are placed on the
inner side of the interior outer layer portion 69 and
constitute the first horizontal connecting body 61 on
the lowermost stage and the third horizontal connecting
body 63 on the third stage from the bottom in the first
to fourth horizontal connecting bodies 61 to 64 are
connected through a long spacer 73 configured to be
longer than the spacer 66 and extend in the vertical
direction and connecting adaptors 74 (FIG. 11 and FIG.
13). Additionally, the connecting adaptor 74 has a
binding member 75 which binds the four partition plates
58 as one in the same plane and a funnel-shaped funnel
member 76 which connects this binding member 75 with the
long spacer 73. A square plate-shaped bottom plate 77 is
laid on a lower surface of the first horizontal
connecting body 61 on the lowermost stage, and a square
plate-shaped top plate 78 is put on a top surface of the
fourth horizontal connecting body 64 on the uppermost
stage (FIG. 13). Further, a top surface of the top plate
78 is covered with an impermeable sheet 79.
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Consequently, mud water is prevented from entering the
storage tank 50.
[0039]
On the other hand, a tip of a rainwater introducing
tube 81 is inserted into the storage tank 50 (FIG. 13).
A base end of this rainwater introducing tube 81 is
connected to a dust removal management pit 82 buried in
the ground at a position higher than the storage tank
50, and this dust removal management pit 82 is connected
to a side ditch 84 having a substantially U-like cross
section through a rainwater inflow tube 83. The dust
removal management pit 82 has a first pit 91 connected
to the side ditch 84 through the rainwater inflow tube
83 and a second pit 92 provided to be adjacent to the
first pit 91. A middle bottom wall 91a having a top
surface tilting in a gradually declining direction is
provided at the center of the first pit 91 in the
vertical direction. Furthermore, at the center of a
bottom portion of the first pit 91, an upright tube 91b
is erected to pierce through the middle bottom wall 91a,
and an upper end of this upright tube 91b is formed to
tilt in substantially the same direction as that of the
top surface of the middle bottom wall 91a. Moreover, the
base end of the rainwater introducing tube 81 is
connected to a lower side surface of the upright tube
91b. On the other hand, on adjoining side surfaces of
the first pit 91 and the second pit 92, an outflow hole
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91c and an inflow hole 92a which lead a small amount of
rainwater flowing down on the middle bottom wall 91a in
light rain into the second pit 92 are formed,
respectively.
[0040]
An assembling procedure of the thus configured
storage tank 50 will now be described. First, the hole
59 having the bottom portion wider than the bottom slab
52 is dug in the ground, and the concrete bottom slab 52
is laid on the bottom portion of this hole 59 (FIG. 13).
Then, the plurality of square plate-shaped partition
plates 58, the cylindrical spacers 66, the first
coupling pieces 71, the second coupling pieces, the
spindle pipes 68, and the like are prepared, the storage
complex 55 is constructed on the bottom slab 52, and
this storage complex 55 is accommodated in the hole 59.
In this instance, the outermost layer portion 67 of the
storage complex 55 is first constructed on the bottom
slab 52, and then the inside of the storage complex 55
is constructed, but the permanent form 53 is constructed
simultaneously with this construction of the inside of
the storage complex 55.
[0041]
A constructing procedure of the permanent form will
now be described with reference to FIG. 10. First, the
auxiliary receiving members 72 are inserted into the
flow holes 58f of the partition plates 58 constituting
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the outermost layer portion 67 along the outer face of
the outermost layer portion 67. Then, the interior forms
54 on three stages are formed in the square cylinder
shape respectively by arranging the plurality of
interior plates 54a so that they come into contact with
portions, which form the outer face of the outermost
layer portion 67, of the plurality of spacers 66
constituting the outermost layer portion 67 in
accordance with each stage between the four-stage
partition plates 58. Further, the plurality of exterior
vertical reinforcements 57a are extended in the vertical
direction so as to be placed on the outer side of the
plurality of interior plates 54a, and inserted into the
through holes, which are parallel to the outer face of
the outermost layer portion 67, of the plurality of
partition plates 58 which constitute the outermost layer
portion 67 and are arranged at intervals in the vertical
direction, then the exterior horizontal reinforcements
27 extending in the horizontal direction and the
external vertical reinforcements 57a are crossed, and
their intersections are fixed by the binding wires (not
shown) to form the exterior lattice reinforcements 28.
Subsequently, a water blocking material (not shown)
having water swelling properties is arranged on the
bottom slab 52 between the interior forms 54 and the
exterior forms 56, and then the outer peripheral surface
of the storage complex 55 and the exterior lattice
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reinforcements 28 (the plurality of exterior vertical
reinforcements 57a and the plurality of exterior
horizontal reinforcements 27) are covered with the
lattice-shaped reinforcing rebar (not shown).
[0042]
Furthermore, the base plates 18 on the first stage
and the second stage of the exterior forms 56 are
assembled on the bottom slab 52, these base plates 18
are coupled using the central reinforcement plates 19,
the plurality of end reinforcement plates 21 are placed
on lower edges and both-side edges of the plurality of
central reinforcement plates 19 closely aligned in the
horizontal direction, the adjoining base plates 18 are
coupled using these end reinforcement plates 21, and the
exterior forms 56 abutting on each other at a right
angle are connected through the exterior corner portion
connecting plate 22, thereby forming the exterior forms
56 into a square frame shape at a predetermined interval
from the exterior vertical reinforcements 57a (FIG. 11).
In this instance, the reinforcing rebars are placed
between the external vertical reinforcements 57a and the
exterior forms 56. Then, one end of each exterior
separator 24 is locked on each exterior horizontal
reinforcement 27, the other end of the same is locked in
each locking hole 18i of the base plates 18 on the first
stage, one end of another exterior separator 24 is
locked on each exterior horizontal reinforcement 27, and
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the other end of the same is locked in each locking hole
18i of the base plates 18 on the second stage (FIG. 10).
[0043]
Furthermore, the base plates 18 on the third state
are stacked on the base plates 18 on the second stage,
these base substrates 18 are coupled through the central
reinforcement plates 19, the plurality of end
reinforcement plates 21 are placed on the upper edges
and both-side edges of the plurality of central
reinforcement plates 19 closely aligned in the
horizontal direction, the adjoining base plates 18 are
coupled using these end reinforcement plates 21, and the
exterior forms 56, 56 abutting on each other at a right
angle are connected through the exterior corner portion
connecting plate 22. Moreover, one end of each exterior
separator 24 is locked on each exterior horizontal
reinforcement 27, and the other end of the same is
locked in each locking hole 18i of the base plates 18 on
the third stage. Consequently, the exterior forms 56
having the self-standing properties and robustness can
be easily assembled. Consequently, as compared with a
case where steel nettings or bricks are used as the
exterior forms, the assembling work of the exterior
forms 56 can be greatly shortened.
[0044]
Then, the fresh concrete is poured and hardened
between the interior forms 54 and the exterior forms 56
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to form the sidewall 51 (FIG. 10, FIG. 11, and FIG. 13).
In this instance, since the auxiliary receiving members
72 as well as the plurality of spacers 66 constituting
the outermost layer portion 67 receive the interior
forms 54, the spacers 66 and the auxiliary receiving
members 72 receive a pressure of the fresh concrete
acting on the interior forms 54. Consequently, the
storage complex 55 can be assuredly prevented from
deforming at the time of casting the fresh concrete
between the interior forms 54 and the exterior forms 56.
Additionally, even if a large amount of the fresh
concrete is poured between the interior forms 54 and the
exterior forms 56 at a time, the exterior vertical
reinforcements 57a hold the exterior forms 56 through
the exterior separators 24, the interior forms 54 are
received by the auxiliary receiving members 72 together
with the plurality of spacers 66 constituting the
outermost layer portion 67, and hence the concrete
sidewall 51 having a predetermined shape can be formed
without deforming the exterior forms 56 and the interior
forms 54. Operations and effects other than those
described above are substantially the same as the
operations and the effects of the first embodiment, thus
omitting a repeated description.
[0045]
<Third Embodiment>
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FIG. 14 shows a third embodiment according to the
present invention. In FIG. 14, reference numerals equal
to those in FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 denote the same parts. In
this embodiment, a hole is shallowly dug, a bottom slab
is laid on a bottom portion of this hole, and a storage
tank is installed in such a manner that a lower portion
thereof is buried in the ground and an upper portion
thereof is protruded on the ground. Further, decorative
plates 34 are mounted on surfaces of central
reinforcement plates 19 of an external form 106 of a
permanent form 103 forming a sidewall of the storage
tank protruded on the ground. A pattern 34b constituted
of Mount Fuji and the sun is raised on a surface of each
of the decorative plates 34. Parts other than those
described above are constituted in the same manner as
that in the second embodiment.
[0046]
In the permanent form 103 of the thus configured
storage tank, since the decorative plates 34 having the
pattern 34b constituted of Mount Fuji and the sun raised
thereon are mounted on the surfaces of the central
reinforcement plates 19 protruded on the ground, the
appearance of the surfaces of the portions protruded on
the ground of the storage tank can be improved.
Operations and effects other than those described above
are substantially the same as the operations and the
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effects of the second embodiment, thus omitting a
repeated description.
[0047]
It is to be noted that, in the first embodiment,
the square frame-shaped underground beam is erected on
the concrete square plate-shaped bottom slab laid on the
bottom portion of the hold dug in the ground, but a
triangular frame-shaped, a pentagonal frame-shaped, any
other polygonal frame-shaped, or a straight-line
underground beam may be erected on a triangular plate-
shaped, polygonal plate-shaped, or any other polygonal
bottom slab. Furthermore, in the first and third
embodiment, the pattern constituted of Mount Fuji and
the sun is raised on the surface of each decorative
plate, a pattern of pigeons or cherry blossoms, a
manufacturer's logo, or any other pattern may be raised
or indented on the surface of each decorative plate.
Moreover, the bottom slab is laid on the bottom portion
of the hole and the entire storage tank is buried in the
ground in the second embodiment, the hole is shallowly
dug, the bottom slab is laid on the bottom portion of
this hole and the storage tank is installed in such a
manner that the lower portion thereof is buried in the
ground and the upper portion thereof protruded on the
ground in the third embodiment, but the bottom slab may
be laid on the ground, and the entire storage tank may
be installed on the ground. In this case, mounting the
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decorative plates on the surfaces of the central
reinforcement plates of the exterior form enables
improving the appearance of the surface of the storage
tank.
[0048]
Additionally, the horizontal connecting bodies are
provided on the three stages in the second embodiment,
but the horizontal connecting bodies may be provided on
two stages or four or more stages. Further, in the
second embodiment, the partition plates on the inner
side of the interior outer layer portion are arranged at
an interval of one stage in the vertical direction, but
the interior outer layer portion may be eliminated when
an earth pressure from the top surface of the storage
tank is relatively small. That is, the partition plates
on the inner side of the outermost layer portion may be
arranged at an interval of one stage in the vertical
direction. Furthermore, the concrete bottom slab is laid
and then the concrete sidewall is provided on the bottom
slab in the second embodiment, but the concrete bottom
slab and sidewall may be simultaneously formed.
Specifically, the reinforcements welded in a lattice
pattern may be formed into a bowl-like shape to
fabricate a bowl-shaped reinforcement, the plurality of
bowl-shaped reinforcements may be aligned and placed on
a bottom portion of a hole in an inverted manner, a
first-stage horizontal connecting body and an outermost
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layer portion of a storage complex may be assembled on
these members, and the fresh concrete may be poured into
a portion which becomes a bottom slab (a portion
including the plurality of bowl-shaped reinforcements
aligned on the bottom portion of the hole) and a portion
which becomes a sidewall (the inside of a sidewall
forming member) from a plurality of positions in a state
where the sidewall forming member has been assembled to
surround the plurality of bowl-shaped reinforcements,
thereby simultaneously forming the bottom slab and the
sidewall which are made of concrete.
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST
[0049]
11 underground beam (sidewall)
12, 52 bottom slab
13, 53, 103 permanent form
14 interior form
16, 56, 106 exterior form
17, 57 vertical reinforcement
18 base plate
19 central reinforcement plate
21 end reinforcement plate
34 decorative plate
34b pattern
50 storage tank
51 sidewall
Date Recue/Date Received 2021-03-19
CA 03113609 2021-03-19
55 storage complex
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Date Recue/Date Received 2021-03-19
