Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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DUST INHIBITOR, BINDER, AGGLOMERANT, HUMECTANT,
BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITION THAT LASTS OVER TIME, FOR
DECREASING SUSPENDED DUST ON DIRT ROADS; METHOD FOR
PREPARING SAID COMPOSITION AND USE THEREOF.
DESCRIPTIVE REPORT
The present invention refers to a dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant, and
humectant mixture or composition that lasts over time, is biodegradable and
adaptable to each specific situation of roads to be treated, such as rural
roads,
mining roads, mining sites and agricultural properties; method for preparing
said
composition and use thereof.
The technical problem to be solved is the control of suspended dust on
dirt roads or roads without asphalt, pavement or other surface coating. Poor
control can lead to safety problems, productivity losses, damage to equipment
or
machines, tire wear, legal disputes, effects on workers' health, environmental
and
labor sanctions, among other effects. For industrial sector, especially the
mining
industry, the proper maintenance of roads is essential.
Background
Dust raised on roads is clearly an environmental pollution problem
produced by waste from human activity or industrial/biological processes that
needs to be solved.
Patent application CL201803477 refers to an environmentally friendly
(does not damage nearby soil) dust suppressant, which maintenance requires
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14
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very little water and is not slippery. The suppressant consists of two
products that
are mixed in different percentages, depending on the characteristics of the
soil
and climate, generating a binder, agglomerant and humectant or surfactant
effect.
The CN107746701 document describes a method for preparing a dust
suppressant special for the soil surface and belongs to the technical field of
environmentally friendly materials. The preparation method comprises the
following steps: mixing and swelling the polyvinyl alcohol with water, and
heating
and stirring to dissolve it to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution; mixing and
swelling
the chitosan with water, and heating and stirring to dissolve it to obtain a
chitosan
solution; mixing and swelling the sodium alginate with water and heating and
stirring to dissolve it to obtain a sodium alginate solution; mixing the
polyvinyl
alcohol solution, the chitosan solution, the sodium alginate solution, a cross-
linking agent, chitosanase and algae according to a certain weight proportion
and
performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion; performing spray
drying
on the dispersion at low temperature to obtain coated microcapsules; and
stirring
and mixing the coated microcapsules, isocyanate, water, a surfactant and a
nano-
metal oxide to obtain the special dust suppressant for soil surface.
The CN112111248 document discloses an antiviral dust suppressant that
fixes dirt, as well as a method for preparing it and use thereof. The dust
suppressant is prepared from the following components: 1%-3% carboxymethyl
chitosan, 1%-3% polyacrylamide, 2%-4% sodium alginate, 0.25%-4% sodium
dodecylsulfate, 2%-4% carboxymethyl cellulose and the balance water.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14
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The US2008017829 document refers to a dust suppressant composition
comprising an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic-based latex,
glycerin,
silicone-based surfactant and a polysiloxane-based humectant agent.
Preferably,
the composition comprises about 10%-46% of polyvinyl alcohol, about 20%-60%
of an acrylic-based latex, about 0.6%-7.0% glycerin, about 0.1%-1.5% of
silicone,
polysiloxane-based surfactant, and about 0.001%-0.5% of polysiloxane-based
humectant agent.
The state of the art described above differs from the present application,
since none of these documents discloses a dust inhibitor mixture that is at
the
same time binder, agglomerat and humectant agent that lasts over time,
biodegradable and adaptable to each specific situation of the roads to be
treated,
where increases the compaction of the dust in agglomerates by binding with
soil
particles, that is to say, it transforms them into materials with adhesive
properties
and that, kneaded with water, can form a mixture with other materials and
provide
cohesion to the whole by processes of a physical nature, containing 2
components that are mixed in different proportions depending on the soil to be
treated. In addition, the same compounds comprising these components and
concentrations thereof are also not disclosed; furthermore, a method for
preparing said dust inhibitor mixture and its use is also not disclosed.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14
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Detailed description of the invention
Dust inhibitor, binder, agglomerant and humectant composition that lasts
over time, biodegradable and adaptable to each specific situation of the roads
to
be treated, comprising 2 composite components, component (1) and component
(2), wherein:
)=. Component (1) consists of:
= Acrylic polymer 50-70% w/w
= Ground algae extract 5-15% w/w
. Sodium lignosulfate 5-15% w/w
. Ionic liquid surfactant 5-15% w/w
= Sodium lauryl sulphate 2-5% w/w
= Calcium chloride 5-15% w/w
D Component (2) consists of:
. Sodium lignosulfonate 55-75% w/w
= Carboxymethyl cellulose 16-20% w/w
= Calcium chloride 10-20% w/w
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14
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Where said components are mixed in different proportions depending on
the type of soil to be treated.
Wherein the ground algae extract of component (1) is preferably Durvillaea
antarctica.
The dust inhibitor composition comprises 50% of component (1) and 50%
of component 2, if the soil type is very dry and saline with little rain.
The dust inhibitor composition comprises 75% of component (1) and 25%
of component (2), if the climate conditions include heavy rainfall.
The dust inhibitor composition comprises 75% of component (1) and 25%
of component (2), if the soil type is a stabilized soil.
Stabilized soil is defined as the homogeneous and uniform mixture of a
soil with a chemical conglomerate such as lime, magnesium chloride, salts and
organic compounds, and possibly water, with the objective of reducing its
plasticity and susceptibility to water or increasing its resistance, and that
is
conveniently compacted.
The dust inhibitor composition comprises 75% of component (1) and 25%
of component (2), if the soil type is clay-rich.
The dust inhibitor composition, depending on the road conditions, can be
mixed in the truck or mixed separately.
It is also disclosed a methot for preparing the dust inhibitor composition,
comprising preparing components (1) and (2) separately.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14
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). Prepare component (1) comprising the following steps:
Step 1: Grinding brown algae until it reaches to powder state.
Step 2: Apply 5 g of ground algae in 120 ml of water and heat at 100 C for 30
minutes.
Step 3: Filter and extract the liquid to 120 ml and add water to the filtrate
to obtain
the ground algae extract.
The objective, to obtain an algae extract, is to enhance the hygroscopic
character
of the suppressant, with the moisture-absorbing effect of the algae extract.
The
surfactant effect allows it to improve ion exchange with soil particles.
Step 4: Disolve 100 g of lignosulfonate in the 120 ml of ground algae extract
obtained in step 3.
The objective is to achieve the compactor effect, i.e. the hardening effect of
the
treated soil.
Step 5: To the solution of algae extract with lignosulfonate, obtained in step
4,
add 600 g of acrylic polymer and mix for 30 minutes.
The objective of adding acrylic polymer is its binder and adherent effect, and
when it dries, it exerts an insolubility effect in water, which allows it to
insulate the
soil from rainfull and prevent it from deteriorating.
Step 6: Add 100 ml of surfactant, such as liquid silicone, and 20 g of sodium
lauryl
sulfate to the mixture obtained in step 5.
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Since the mixture needs to have a penetrating power in the soil at the time of
application, it is necessary to enhance this effect with surfactants that
allow
improving the contact surface of the dust inhibitor mixture with the soil
particles.
Step 7: Add 75 grams of calcium chloride salt to the mixture obtained from
step
6 and mix vigorously for 30-45 minutes.
The addition of this compound aims to enhance the compactor effect on the soil
when gradually exposed to the environment, exerting a hygroscopic effect on
the
soil.
Step 8: Add 170 g of CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) to the mixture obtained
from
step 7 and mix vigorously for 30 minutes.
> Separately, prepare the component (2) comprising the following steps:
Step 1: Dissolve 200 grams of lignosulfonate powder in 800 ml of water and
mix.
The objective of dissolving sodium lignosulfonate in water is to facilitate
the
preparation of the solution at the time of application in tank trucks.
Step 2: Add 75 g of calcium chloride to the solution obtained from the
previous
step.
The objective is to enhance the compactor and hygroscopic effect.
Step 3: Add 100 g of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to the solution obtained in
step 2, and mix for at least 30 minutes.
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The main objective of CMC is to generate a hygroscopic effect without reacting
with the soil and not to generate major changes in the chemical composition of
the soil, due to its non-aggressive effect on the environment.
Once the compound components (1) and (2) are obtained separately, mix
them depending on the soil to be treated.
In addition, the use of the dust inhibitor composition, which serves to
eliminate dust from different roads, is disclosed.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14
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Features evaluation test and comparisons of different dust suppressants
versus the dust inhibitor composition of the present invention.
Tables 1 to 6 present separate compound comparisons used in different
dust suppressants versus the dust inhibitor composition of the present
application.
Table 1. Functional features
Types of suppressors Hygroscopic Binders Agglomerants Humectants
Salts Yes No Yes Yes
Chlorides Yes No Yes Yes
Specific natural
polymers Yes Yes Yes Yes
Synthetic polymers Yes Yes Yes Yes
Bituminous No Yes Yes Yes
Dust Inhibitor mixture
of the present
application Yes Yes Yes Yes
Table 2. Environmental interaction features
Contaminates Harmful to plants
Types of suppressors Biodegradables groundwater and animals
Salts No Yes Yes
Chlorides No Yes Yes
Specific natural polymers Yes No No
Synthetic polymers Yes No No
Bituminous No No Yes
Dust inhibitor composition
of the present application Yes No No
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Table 3. Toxicity and corrosivity
Types of suppressors Toxics Corrosive
Salts Yes Yes
Chlorides Yes Yes
Specific natural polymers No No
Synthetic polymers No No
Bituminous No No
Dust inhibitor composition of the
present application No No
Table 4. Resistance conditions:
Resistants
to high
to water to ultraviolet rays temperature
Types of suppressors
Salts No No No
Chlorides No No No
Specific natural polymers No Yes Yes
Synthetic polymers No Yes Yes
Bituminous Yes Yes No
Dust inhibitor composition
of the present application Yes Yes Yes
Table 5. Operating conditions
Operation
Requires traffic Requires prior Becomes slippery
Types of suppressors interruption stabilization with water
Salts Yes Yes Yes
Chlorides Yes Yes Yes
Specific natural polymers No No No
Synthetic polymers No Yes Yes
Bituminous Yes Yes No
Dust inhibitor composition
of the present application No No No
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Table 6. Application conditions
Application
Can be applied
with water
regardless of
Can be applied with Can be applied with fresh, industrial,
Compounds rain snow salt or brine water
Salts No No No
Chlorides No No No
Specific natural
polymers No No Yes
Synthetic polymers No Yes Yes
Bituminous No No No
Dust inhibitor
composition of
the present
application Yes Yes Yes
Application examples
On soil without prior stabilization:
Mixture of 50% of component (1) and 50% of component (2)
Application Concentrations Details
Month 1: 200 g/m2 divided The first 2 applications are performed with
the
into 3 components separately. First, the truck is
loaded
applications and applies the component (1), then the
application
of component (2) is performed on the soil treated
with component (1).
The third application is performed with both
components mixed in the truck.
Month 2: 100 g/m2 divided The 2 applications are performed with the
into 2 components mixed in the truck (50% of component
applications (1) and 50% of component (2).
Month 3 to month 50 g/m2 applied 1 The application is performed with the
components
time per month mixed in the truck (50% of component (1) and 50%
of component 2).
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Month 6 to month 25 g/m2 applied 1 The application is performed with the
components
12 time per month mixed in the truck (50% of component (1)
and 50%
of component 2)).
Second year 25 g/m2 applied 1 The application is performed with the
components
time per month mixed in the truck (50% of component (1) and
50%
of component 2)).
Among the recommended applications, it is possible that targeted maintenance
may have to be performed on a corrective basis in sectors where MP10
(particulate material smaller than 10 micrometer) averages are outside the
expected averages. These sectors are identified with dust measurement
equipment and visual inspection.
On soil with prior stabilization:
A mixture of 75% of component (1) and 25% of component (2)
Application Concentrations Details
Month 1: 200 g/m2 The 3 applications are performed with the
divided into 3 components mixed in the truck (75% of
applications. component (1) and 25% of component (2)).
Month 2: 100 g/m2 The 2 applications are performed with the
divided into 2 components mixed in the truck (75% of
applications component (1) and 25% of component (2)).
Month 3 to 50 g/m2 The application is performed with the components
month 5 applied 1 time mixed in the truck (75% of component (1) and
per month 25% of component 2)).
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Month 6 to 25 g/m2 The application is performed with the components
month 12 applied 1 time mixed in the truck (75% of component (1) and
per month 25% of component 2)).
Second year 25 g/m2 The application is performed with the components
applied 1 time mixed in the truck (75% of component (1) and
per month 25% of component 2)).
Among the recommended applications, it is possible that targeted maintenance
may have to be performed on a corrective basis in sectors where MP10 averages
are outside the expected averages. These sectors are identified with dust
measurement equipment and visual inspection.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-09-14
