Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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HERBICIDE COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING
THEREOF
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to a herbicide composition and a process
for preparing the same.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The background description includes information that may be useful in
understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the
information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed
invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is
prior
art.
[0003] Protection of crops from weeds and other vegetation which inhibit crop
growth is a constantly recurring problem in agriculture. To address this
problem, researchers are trying to produce an extensive variety of active
agents and active agent formulations effective in the control of such
undesirable plant growth. Chemical herbicides of many types have been
disclosed in the art and a large number are in commercial use. In crop
protection, it is desirable in principle to increase specificity and
reliability of
action of herbicidal active agents. In particular, it is desirable for a crop
protection product to control undesirable plants effectively and, at the same
time, to be tolerated by useful plants in question.
[0004] Metsulfuron-methyl, Clodinafop-propargyl, Metribuzin are compounds
known to be herbicidally active and to be of use in the control of undesirable
vegetation, for example in the protection of a range of crops. The herbicides
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, and metribuzin are independently
known in the art for their herbicidal potency. They are disclosed in 'The
Pesticide Manual' 15th Edition, published 2009 by the British Crop Protection
Council, and are also commercially available.
[0005] Although metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, and metribuzin
are herbicidally active, in many cases they do not provide sufficient control
of
relevant haimful plants and the activities at low application rates are not
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always satisfactory. The recommended level of herbicide that may be applied
per unit of area is under pressure from governmental, as well as for economic
and environmental reasons.
[0006] Further, certain species of undesirable broadleaf weeds and grassy
weeds are becoming more and more resistant to a number of most widely used
herbicides. Thus, on one hand ever more stringent conditions are being placed
on the type and use rate of herbicides, while on the other hand approved
herbicides are becoming less and less effective over time in certain species
of
undesirable plants.
[0007] Furthermore, it is very expensive and time consuming to seek and
obtain registration of a new herbicidal compound, including its proposed use
rate. Approval data required must not only include evidence of efficacy at the
application rates proposed but also safety of herbicide when applied at the
recommended level.
[0008] Accordingly, demonstration of synergism by combination of existing
herbicidal agents, permits use of individual agents of synergistic combination
at lower rates than when used alone, and in many instances ameliorates
increasing resistance to herbicidal effectiveness.
[0009] Thus, there is a great need in the art for stable herbicidal
composition
which reduces dosage of herbicidal agents necessary to obtain acceptable
weed control and a process for preparing the herbicidal composition.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0010] The present invention provides a herbicide composition comprising
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin.
[0011] The herbicide composition comprises metsulfuron-methyl in an
amount of from 0.01% to 10 % w/w, clodinafop-propargyl in an amount of
from 0.1% to 25% w/w and metribuzin in an amount of from 1.0% to 60%
w/w.
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[0012] The herbicide composition of the present invention is formulated in a
number of ways for suitable application. Examples of suitable formulations
include water-dispersible granule (WDG), a water-soluble granule (SG), a
wettable powder (WP), a water-dispersible powder (WDP), a water-soluble
powder (SP), a granule (GR), an encapsulated granule (CG), a fine granule
(FG), a macrogranule (GG), a microgranule (MG), a suspension concentrate
(SC), a water-soluble concentrate (SL), an emulsifiable concentrate (EC), an
emulsion (EW), a micro-emulsion (ME), a flowable suspension (FS), a
suspoemulsion (SE), ZC formulation (ZC), soil applied granules (SAG),
dustable powder (DP), a gel, a water-dispersible tablet (WT), a dispersible
concentrate (DC), an oil-dispersion (OD) or a microencapsulated suspension
(CS).
[0013] The herbicide composition of the present invention is preferably
formulated as an oil-dispersion (OD), a wettable powder (WP) and a water-
dispersible granule (WDG).
[0014] The present invention provides a process for preparing the herbicide
composition. The process comprises mixing metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-
propargyl and metribuzin.
[0015] Preferably, the present invention provides a process for preparing oil-
dispersion (OD), a wettable powder (WP) and a water-dispersible granule
(WDG) formulation.
[0016] Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the inventive
subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed
description of preferred embodiments.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0017] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the present
disclosure. The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the
disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the
anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to
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cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the
spirit
and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0018] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification
which follow, the word "comprise" and variations thereof, such as,
"comprises" and "comprising" are to be construed in an open, inclusive sense
that is as "including, but not limited to."
[0019] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an
embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic
described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one
embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or
"in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not
necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular
features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable
manner
in one or more embodiments.
[0020] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular
forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly
dictates otherwise. It should also be noted that the term "or" is generally
employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the content clearly dictates
otherwise.
[0021] In some embodiments, the numbers expressing quantities of
ingredients, properties such as concentration, process conditions, and so
forth,
used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the invention are to be
understood as being modified in some instances by the term "about."
Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the
written description are approximations that can vary depending upon the
desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some
embodiments, the numerical parameters should be construed in light of the
number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding
techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting
forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the invention are
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approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are
reported as precisely as practicable.
[0022] The recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve
as
a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling
within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is
incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein.
[0023] All methods described herein is performed in suitable order unless
otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The
use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g. "such as") provided
with respect to certain embodiments herein is intended merely to better
illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the
invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be
construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of
the invention.
[0024] The headings and abstract of the invention provided herein are for
convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the
embodiments.
[0025] The following discussion provides many example embodiments of the
inventive subject matter. Although each embodiment represents a single
combination of inventive elements, the inventive subject matter is considered
to include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. Thus, if one
embodiment comprises elements A, B, and C, and a second embodiment
comprises elements B and D, then the inventive subject matter is also
considered to include other remaining combinations of A, B, C, or D, even if
not explicitly disclosed.
[0026] Various terms are used herein. To the extent a term used in a claim is
not defined below, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the
pertinent art have given that tenn as reflected in printed publications and
issued patents at the time of filing.
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[0027] The term "herbicide" as used herein, refers to a compound that
controls growth of undesirable vegetation.
[0028] As used herein, the term "locus" includes not only areas where weeds
may already be growing, but also areas where weeds are yet to emerge, and
also areas under cultivation.
[0029] The term "plant" refers to all physical parts of a plant, including
shoots, leaves, needles, stalks, stems, fruit bodies, fruits, seeds, roots,
tubers
and rhizomes.
[0030] As used herein, the phrase "inactive excipients" means excipients
which are known and accepted in the art for formation of formulations for
agricultural or horticultural use.
[0031] As used herein, the term "pre-emergence" refers to application of the
herbicide composition to a habitat, a weed, or soil, prior to emergence of
weeds from a soil surface.
[0032] As used herein, the term "post-emergence," refers to application of the
herbicide composition to weeds that have already emerged from a soil surface.
[0033] As employed herein, the term "undesirable vegetation" denotes non-
crop plant species that otherwise tend to grow in areas where crops are
planted, and includes both volunteer crops and weeds. The weeds include
broadleaf weeds and grassy weeds.
[0034] The term "control of undesirable vegetation" refers to interference
with
normal growth and development of undesired vegetation. Examples of control
of undesirable vegetation include, but not limited to, inhibition of root
growth,
inhibition of shoot growth, inhibition of shoot emergence, inhibition of seed
production, or reduction of weed biomass.
[0035] The present invention does not use any 'biological materials' that is
the materials which are capable of reproducing itself or being reproduced in a
biological system.
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[0036] The present disclosure provides a herbicide composition comprising
combination of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin.
[0037] Metsulfuron-methyl chemically known as methyl 24[[[(4-methoxy-6-
methyl - 1,3,5 -triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] amino] sulfonyllbenzoate is a
triazinylsulfonylurea herbicide. It is a selective pre-emergence and post-
emergence herbicide used for the control of wide range of broad-leaved weeds
in wheat, barley and rice. It acts by inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALS)
or
acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS).
[0038] Clodinafop-propargyl chemically known as 2-propynyl (2R)-2444(5-
chloro-3 -fluoro-2-pyridinyl)oxy] phenoxy] propanoate is a
aryloxyphenoxypropionic herbicide. It is a selective systemic post emergence
herbicide used for the control of grassy weeds in cereals mainly wheat. It
acts
by inhibition of acetyl CoA carboxylase.
[0039] Metribuzin chemically known as 4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-
(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one is a triazinone herbicide. It is a
selective
pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicide used for controlling broadleaved
weeds and annual grasses in crops like sugarcane, wheat and soyabean. It acts
by inhibiting photosynthesis by disrupting photo system II in plants.
[0040] The present invention is based upon a surprising finding that
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, and metribuzin display a
synergistic herbicidal effect in the control of undesirable vegetation when
applied in combination comprising all three compounds. The synergistic
effects allow a reduction in application rate of individual active
ingredients, a
faster onset of herbicidal action, a longer-lasting action, better control of
undesirable vegetation with only one or a few applications, and a broadening
of possible application period.
[0041] The synergistic effects of the combination of metsulfuron-methyl,
clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin will provide one or more of a number of
advantages over the use of each active ingredient alone. In particular, the
rates
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of application of each active ingredient is markedly reduced, when the three
compounds are used in combination, while maintaining a high level of
herbicidal efficacy. More especially, the use of the combination of
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin has the potential to
control weed species at a low application rate, in particular at a rate of
application at which the individual active ingredients alone are ineffective.
A
treatment using the combination of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl
and metribuzin exhibit a considerably broader weed spectrum than the
compounds when used alone. The use of a composition comprising the three
aforementioned active ingredients also has a speed of action which is faster
than that which would have been predicted from the speed of each ingredient
used individually and in combination of two ingredients.
[0042] The herbicide composition according to the present disclosure is
advantageous in the protection of cereal crops, preferably wheat crop.
[0043] The herbicide composition of the present disclosure is useful for post-
emergence control of undesirable vegetation. The undesirable vegetation
whose control is of greatest interest in the practice of present invention are
weeds, and primarily those weeds associated with wheat. The control of
undesirable vegetation in wheat is achieved by applying to the undesirable
vegetation or to locus of the vegetation the combination of metsulfuron-
methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin in suitable amounts.
[0044] In various embodiments, effective herbicidal effect is achieved with
post-emergence application of the herbicide composition of the present
disclosure. Useful methods of application include broadcast or localized
spraying, drip irrigation or other forms of irrigation, and any of these
methods
followed by soil tilling. The application rates of the herbicide composition
to
soil vary over a wide range. The optimal application rates will depend on the
crop to be protected, the stage of growth of the crop and of the weed, and the
manner in which application is made, i.e., whether by spraying, irrigation, or
other means. The total application rate of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-
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propargyl and metribuzin vary within a wide range, for example from 1 to
2000g per hectare (g/ha). Preferably, the application rate ranges from 20 to
1000 g/ha.
[0045] According to embodiments, the herbicide composition disclosed herein
is applied in a single treatment or in several treatments (sequential
application), for example by one or more post-emergence applications or one
or more early post-emergence applications, and/or followed by one or more
applications at medium or late post-emergence.
[0046] The active ingredients metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and
metribuzin are present in the composition in a wide range of amounts. In
preferred embodiments, the total amount of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-
propargyl and metribuzin in the composition range from 0.1% to 95% by
weight of the composition. In some preferred embodiments, the composition
comprises, by weight, from 0.01-10% w/w of metsulfuron-methyl, from 0.1 ¨
25% of clodinafop-propargyl and from 1.0 ¨ 60.0 % w/w of metribuzin.
[0047] The herbicide composition of the present disclosure is formulated in
conventional manner, for example by mixing metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-
propargyl and metribuzin with one or more inactive excipients. Suitable
excipients will depend upon such factors as the type of formulation and the
manner of the end use of the formulation, and will be known to a person
skilled in the art. In some preferred embodiments, the one or more inactive
excipients are selected from anti-crystalline agent, an emulsifier, a wetting
agent, a pH modifier, rheology modifier, a solvent, a spreading agent, a
dispersing agent, an inert carrier, a stabilizing agent, an anti-caking agent,
an
anti-foaming agent, an antioxidant or an anti-freezing agent.
[0048] The anti-crystalline agent is selected from vinyl pyrrolidone polymer,
calcium salts of (linear and branched) alkyl benzene sulfonic acid or sodium
salt of lignosulfonate. The anti-crystalline agent is present in an amount of
from 0.1% to 5% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
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[0049] Suitable emulsifier for use in the composition include all substances
which normally be used for this purpose in agrochemical compositions.
Examples include substances which are non-ionic, cationic and/or anionic in
nature. Suitable emulsifiers include, but not limited to, salts of polyacrylic
acids, salts of lignosulphonic acid, salts of phenylsulphonic or
naphthalenesulphonic acids, polycondensates of ethylene oxide with fatty
alcohols or with fatty acids or with fatty amines, substituted phenols,
especially alkylphenols, sulphosuccinic ester salts, taurine derivatives,
especially alkyl taurates, and phosphoric esters of polyethoxylated phenols or
alcohols, ethoxylated ricinoleic acid triglycerides, castor oil ethoxylate,
tristyryphenol ethoxylate or ethoxylated propoxylated polyarylphenol. The
emulsifier is present in an amount of from 1% to 12% by weight based on a
total weight of the composition.
[0050] The wetting agent is selected from alkyl phenol ethoxylate, fatty oil
ethoxylate, phenyl naphthalene sulphonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates,
sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt of sulfonated alkyl
carboxylate, dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, polyoxyalkylated ethyl
phenols, polyoxyethoxylated fatty alcohols, polyoxyethoxylated fatty amines,
lignin derivatives, alkane sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonates, alkylbenzene
sulfonates, salts of polycarboxylic acids, salts of esters of sulfosuccinic
acid,
octyl phenol ether sulphate, anionic phosphate esters, disodium laureth
sulfosuccinate, diisodecyl sodium sulfosuccinate, alkylnaphthalenesulfonates,
alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkylpolyglycol ether sulfonates, alkyl ether
phosphates, alkyl ether sulfates and alkyl sulfosuccinic monoesters, and
mixtures thereof The wetting agent is present in an amount of from 0.1% to
8% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
[0051] The pH modifier is selected from sodium silicate, potassium silicate,
magnesium silicate, manganese silicate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium
acetate, sodium oxalate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium
bentonite, sodium acetate, attapulgite, diatomaceous earth, sodium zeolite,
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trisodium phosphate, trisodium citrate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium
sulphate, monoethanol amine, triethanol amine, triethylamine, dibasic esters
selected from dimethyl succinate, dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl adipate and
mixtures thereof The pH modifier is present in an amount of from 0.01% to
4% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
[0052] The rheology modifier is selected from hydrophobic silica, fume silica,
bentonite, diatomaceous earth, montmorillonite, attapulgites or hydroxymethyl
cellulose, xanthan gum, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose and its derivatives,
hydrated clay minerals, magnesium aluminium silicates and mixtures thereof
The rheology modifier is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 8% by weight
based on a total weight of the composition.
[0053] Suitable solvents for use in the composition is selected from all
customary organic solvents which dissolve one or more of the active
ingredients employed. Suitable organic solvents for the compounds
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin are known in the
art. Preferred solvents include, but not limited to, deionized (DI) water,
vegetable oils, methylated vegetable oils, oil medium selected from the group
comprising, esterified fatty acids selected from methyl ester of triglycerides
containing C12 ¨C22 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, ethyl ester of
triglycerides containing C12 -C22 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids such
as
methyl soyate, ethyl soyate, rapeseed methyl ester, rapeseed ethyl ester, bio-
diesels, paraffinic oil or tall oil. The solvent is present in an amount of
from
10% to 90% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
[0054] Suitable spreading agents are selected from the group comprising of
polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, trisiloxane ethoxylate, polysorbates, ethoxylated
tristyrylphenol phosphate, sodium lauryl sulphate or sodium methyl oleoyl
taurate. Spreading agents is present in the composition in an amount ranging
from 0.1 to 10 % w/w.
[0055] The dispersing agent is selected from lignosulphonates, phenyl
naphthalene sulphonates, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethoxylated fatty acids,
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alkoxylated linear alcohols, polyaromatic sulfonates, sodium alkyl aryl
sulfonates, maleic anhydride copolymers, phosphate esters, condensation
products of aryl/alkyl sulphonic acids and formaldehyde, addition products of
ethylene oxide and fatty acid esters, sulfonates of condensed naphthalene,
lignin derivatives, naphthalene formaldehyde condensates, polycarboxylates,
sodium alkyl benzene sulfonates, salts of sulfonated naphthalene,
polystyrenated acrylated co- polymer, ammonium salts of sulfonated
naphthalene, salts of polyacrylic acids, salts of phenol sulfonic acids and
mixtures thereof The dispersing agent is present in an amount of from 0.1%
to 15% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
[0056] Suitable inert carrier(s) for use in the composition include, but not
limited to, natural ground minerals, such as kaolin or china clay, alumina,
talc,
chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite, and diatomaceous earth, or
synthetic ground minerals, such as highly dispersed silicic acid, aluminium
oxide, silicates, and calcium phosphates and calcium hydrogen phosphates,
crushed and fractionated natural minerals, such as calcite, marble, pumice,
precipitated silica, sepiolite, bentonite, river sand, zeolites, starch, sand,
talc,
quartz and dolomite, or synthetic granules of inorganic and organic ground
materials. The inert carrier is present in an amount of from 1% to 99% by
weight based on a total weight of the composition.
[0057] The stabilizing agent is selected from modified hydrophobic silica,
colloidal silica, precipitated silica, hydrophobic silica powder and mixtures
thereof Preferably, the stabilizing agent is dimethyldichlorosilane-treated
fumed silica. In another embodiment, the stabilizing agent is selected from
epoxidized soybean oil, gamma butyrolactone, butylated hydroxyl toluene and
its derivatives, epichlorhydrin, quinone derivatives, hydrazine hydrates and
its
derivatives, general class UV stabilizers, glycols and its derivatives and
mixtures thereof. The stabilizing agent is present in an amount of from 0 to
6% by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
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[0058] The anti-caking agent is selected from kaolin clay, precipitate silica,
colloidal silica, fumed silica, talc, gypsum, silicates, calcium carbonate,
magnesium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, and mixtures thereof The anti-
caking agent is present in an amount of from 0 to 6% by weight based on a
total weight of the composition.
[0059] Suitable anti-foaming agents for use in the composition include all
substances which normally be used for this purpose in agrochemical
compositions. Particularly preferred anti-foaming agents are mixtures of
polydimethylsiloxanes and perfluroalkylphosphonic acids, such as the silicone
anti-foaming agents available from GE or Compton. The anti-foaming agent is
present in an amount of from 0 to 2% w/w by weight based on a total weight
of the composition.
[0060] Suitable antioxidants are all substances which normally be used for
this purpose in agrochemical compositions, as is known in the art. Preferred
antioxidant is butylated hydroxytoluene. Antioxidant is present in an amount
of from 0 to 5% w/w by weight based on a total weight of the composition.
[0061] Suitable anti-freezing agents include organic solvents which are
completely miscible with water, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,
other glycols, glycerine or urea. Anti-freezing agent is present in the
composition in an amount of from 0 to 5% w/w.
[0062] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the herbicide
composition additionally includes one or more agrochemical active
compounds, such as insecticides, nematicides, fungicides, safeners such as
cloquintocet methyl or mefenpyr-diethyl, growth factor enhancers or
fertilizers, in addition to the components metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-
propargyl and metribuzin. An agrochemical active compound is present in the
composition in an amount ranging from 0 to 6.5% w/w.
[0063] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the herbicide
combination exists as mixed formulations of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-
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propargyl and metribuzin, which is then be used in a conventional way by
diluting with water or prepared as tank mixes by jointly diluting separately
formulated or partially separately formulated active ingredients with water or
with aqueous solutions.
[0064] In various embodiments, the herbicide composition comprising the
combination of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin is
formulated in liquid or solid form. In preferred embodiments, the disclosed
herbicide composition is formulated as a water-dispersible granule (WDG), a
water-soluble granule (SG), a wettable powder (WP), a water-dispersible
powder (WDP), a water-soluble powder (SP), a granule (GR), an encapsulated
granule (CG), a fine granule (FG), a macrogranule (GG), a microgranule
(MG), a suspension concentrate (SC), a water-soluble concentrate (SL), an
emulsifiable concentrate (EC), an emulsion (EW), a micro-emulsion (ME), a
flowable suspension (FS), a suspoemulsion (SE), ZC formulation (ZC), Soil
Applied Granules (SAG), dustable powder (DP), a gel, a water-dispersible
tablet (WT), a dispersible concentrate (DC), an oil-dispersion (OD), or a
microencapsulated suspension (CS).
[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the herbicide composition comprising the
combination of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin is
formulated as an oil-dispersion (OD).
[0066] In one embodiment, the herbicide composition comprising the
combination of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin is
formulated as wettable powder (WP).
[0067] In another embodiment, the herbicide composition comprising the
combination of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin is
formulated as water-dispersible granule (WDG).
[0068] The herbicide composition comprising combination of metsulfuron-
methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin of the present disclosure is
useful in controlling growth of undesirable vegetation by post-emergence
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application. The herbicide composition is applied to undesirable vegetation
and/or locus in a variety of ways, at various concentrations. The herbicide
composition is applied to the undesirable vegetation and/or locus by various
methods, including coating, spraying, sprinkling, dipping, soaking, injection,
irrigation, and the like.
[0069] The present disclosure further provides a process for preparing the
herbicide composition described herein. The herbicide composition is
prepared by mixing the respective active compounds and, if appropriate, one
or more inactive excipients.
[0070] The present disclosure is further explained in the form of following
examples. However, it is to be understood that the foregoing examples are
merely illustrative and are not to be taken as limitations upon the scope of
the
invention. Various changes and modifications to the disclosed embodiments
will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications
may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
EXAMPLES
[0071] Example 1: Herbicide composition of the present invention.
Table A
Ingredients Concentration (w/w %)
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.01 ¨ 10.0
Clodinafop-propargyl 0.1 ¨ 25.0
Metribuzin technical 1.0 ¨ 60.0
Safener 0 ¨ 6.5
Anti crystalline agent 0.1 ¨ 5.0
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Emulsifier 1.0¨ 12.0
Wetting agent 0.1 ¨ 8.0
pH modifier 0.01 ¨ 4.0
Rheology modifier 0.1 ¨ 8
Solvent 10-90
[0072] Oil-dispersion (OD) formulation of the present invention.
Table B
Example-2 Example-3 Example-4
Ingredients Concentration % Concentration Concentration
w/w % w/w % w/w
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4 0.5 0.8
Clodinafop-propargyl 6.0 5.0 10
Metribuzin 21.0 32 25
Cloquintocet methyl 1.5 1.4 2.5
vinyl pyrrolidone polymer 2 2 1.5
Ethoxylated ricinoleic acid 5 4 4
triglyceride
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate 5 8 4
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Sodium Salt
Trisodium Phosphate 0.4 0.5 0.8
Fume silica 4 2.5 3.5
Methyl Soyate QS to 100 QS to 100 QS to 100
(UNITOP ¨ MSO)
Total 100 100 100
[0073] Oil-dispersion (OD) formulation of the present invention.
Table C
Example-5 Example-6 Example-7
Ingredients Concentration % Concentration Concentration
w/w % w/w % w/w
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4 0.5 0.8
Clodinafop-propargyl 6.0 5.0 10
Metribuzin 21.0 32 25
Cloquintocet methyl 1.5 1.4 2.5
Vinyl pyrrolidone polymer 2 2 1.5
Castor oil ethoxylate 5 4 4
(Emulsogen EL 360)
Dioctyl Sulfosuccinate 5 8 4
Sodium Salt
Trisodium Phosphate 0.4 0.5 0.8
Fume silica 4 2.5 3.5
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Rapeseed methyl ester QS to 100 QS to 100 QS to 100
(Agnique ME 18 RD-F)
Total 100 100 100
[0074] The process for preparing the Oil-dispersion (OD) formulation
comprises the steps as below:
[0075] Metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, metribuzin, cloquintocet
methyl, vinyl pyrrolidone polymer, ethoxylated ricinoleic acid triglyceride,
dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt and trisodium phosphate as mentioned in
Examples 2 to 4 were mixed in methyl soyate (UNITOP ¨ MSO) to prepare a
mixture. The mixture was milled using Dyno mill for 30 mins to obtain the
slurry of desirable particle size, D90 <10 micron. The slurry was mixed in a
vessel under PBT stirrer at 300 rpm and fume silica was added as rheology
modifier to obtain a homogeneous oil-dispersion (OD).
[0076] Metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, metribuzin, cloquintocet
methyl, vinyl pyrrolidone polymer, castor oil ethoxylate (Emulsogen EL 360),
dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt and trisodium phosphate as mentioned in
Example 5 to 7 were mixed in rapeseed methyl ester (Agnique ME 18 RD-F)
to prepare a mixture. The mixture was milled using Dyno mill for 30 mins to
obtain the slurry of desirable particle size, D90 <10 micron. The slurry was
mixed in a vessel under PBT stirrer at 300 rpm and fume silica was added as
rheology modifier to obtain a homogeneous oil-dispersion (OD).
[0077] According to the FAO/WHO manual, the "accelerated storage test" is
considered as an indicative of product stability. That is accelerated storage
test
data provides an indication that the product is stable for at least two years
at
ambient temperature. Further, the FAO/WHO manual indicates storage at
54 C 2 C for 14 days as the default test conditions.
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[0078] The ambient sample of the oil-dispersion (OD) formulation of the
present invention was subjected to the accelerated storage test to find out
the
product stability.
[0079] Table 1 shows the physical and chemical properties of the oil-
dispersion (OD) formulation, before and after the accelerated storage test.
The
oil-dispersion (OD) formulation was prepared according to Example 5.
Table 1
Accelerated Test
Storage Method
Ambient
51. Specification Test
Tests Sample
No *54 2 C
(before)
for 14 days
(after)
1. Appearance White to off-white coloured suspension complies
complies Visual
observation
2 Active Metsulfuron- HPLC
Ingredient/ methyl 0 40 0.39
.
safener content 0.38 ¨ 0.44 (2.5%)
content
test % Clodinafop- HPLC
5.70 ¨ 6.60 5.98
w/w propargyl 6.0
(0.33%)
content
Metribuzin 19.95-22.05 21 0 20.89
HPLC
.
content (0.52%)
Cloquintocet 1.65 ¨ 1.42 1.5 HPLC
methyl 1.5
(0.0%)
content
3. Wet sieve passing through 98 99.94 CIPAC
75 sieve, % w/w, min (particle 99.92 MT
185
size )
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4.
Dispersion stability CIPAC
Time after Limits of stability MT
180
allowing the
dispersion to stand
0 h Initial dispersion
complete
0.5 h Cream, Free oil or Complies
Complies
sediment max 2m1 in
100m1 dilution
24.0 h Re-dispersion complete
24.5 h Cream, Free oil or
sediment max 2m1 in
100m1 dilution
5. pH
(1% aqueous 7.0 ¨ 9.5 CIPAC
773 7.74
suspension) . MT
75.3
6.
Persistent foam after 1 60 CIPAC
20 22
min, mL, max MT
47.2
7. Pourability as rinse
1.0 .. 0.3 .. CIPAC
residue, % w/w 0.3
MT 148.1
[0080] The results in Table 1 show that the appearance of the ambient sample
of the oil-dispersion (OD) formulation before and after the accelerated
storage
test (@54 2 C for 14 days) remained the same that is 'white to off-white
coloured suspension'.
[0081] Further, the content of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl,
metribuzin and cloquintocet methyl was found to be 0.40% w/w, 6.00% w/w,
21.00% w/w, 1.50 % w/w respectively before subjecting the ambient sample
to the accelerated storage test. After subjecting the ambient sample to the
accelerated storage test (that is storing at 54 2 C for 14 days in the HDPE
containers) the content of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl,
metribuzin and cloquintocet methyl was found to be almost same, that is
0.39%w/w, 5.98 %w/w, 20.89%w/w, 1.50 %w/w respectively. It indicates that
the content of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, metribuzin and
cloquintocet methyl is not degraded.
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[0082] The pH of the ambient sample of the OD formulation before subjecting
it to the accelerated storage test was found to be 7.73. However, even after
subjecting the ambient sample to the accelerated storage test the pH was found
to be almost same, that is 7.74. It indicates that the oil-dispersion was
adhering
to the pH range of 7.0 -9.5 which indicates that the formulation is stable.
[0083] Dispersion stability test is performed to ensure that a sufficient
proportion of active ingredient is homogeneously dispersed in the spray liquid
to give a satisfactory and effective mixture throughout spraying. The ambient
sample and accelerated storage sample of the oil-dispersion (OD) formulation,
subjected to dispersion stability test did not show any cream or sedimentation
even after 0.5 hours of the dispersion or 24.5 hours of the re-dispersion
test.
[0084] Tests such as persistent foam and pourability were conducted for the
ambient sample of the oil-dispersion (OD) formulation, before and after
accelerated storage test. The results indicated that persistent foam test
showed
low persistent foam of 20 ml and 22 ml indicating the less froth formation and
pourability test showed low rinse residue of 0.3%, which indicates no wastage
of the formulation.
[0085] The ambient sample of the oil-dispersion (OD) formulation was
diluted in water and was tested for its particle size by wet sieve passing
test by
using 7511 wet sieve. The wet sieve passing test showed passing of
99.94%w/w and 99.92%w/w of particles of the formulation through the 7511
wet sieve indicating the low particle size of the formulation and no crystal
growth after the accelerated storage test.
[0086] Thus, in all the tests, values of the tests remained almost same before
and after accelerated storage test which indicates that the formulation is
stable.
[0087] In view of the above test results, oil-dispersion (OD) formulation of
the present invention prepared in accordance with the above examples are
extrapolated to be stable for 2 years.
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[0088] Example 8: Herbicide composition of the present invention.
Table D
Ingredients Concentration (w/w %)
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.01 ¨ 10.0
Clodinafop-propargyl 0.1 ¨ 25.0
Metribuzin 1.0¨ 60.0
Safener 0 ¨ 6.5
Spreading agent 0.1 ¨ 10.0
Dispersing agent 0.1 -15
Wetting agent 0.1 ¨ 8.0
pH modifier 0.01 ¨ 4.0
Inert carrier 1 - 99
[0089] Wettable powder (WP) and Water-dispersible granule (WDG)
formulation of the present invention.
Table E
Example-9 Example-10 Example-11
Ingredients Concentration Concentration % Concentration %
% w/w w/w w/w
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4 0.5 0.8
Clodinafop-propargyl 6.0 5.0 10
Metribuzin 21.0 32 25
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Cloquintocet methyl 1.5 1.4 2.5
Ethoxylated 4.0 3.5 5
tristyrylphenol phosphate
polystyrenated acrylated 10 10 12
co- polymer
Sodium alkyl Naphthalene 3 3.5 4.0
Sulfonate
Trisodium Phosphate 1 0.7 1.2
Precipitated silica 20 17 23.5
China Clay QS to 100 QS to 100 QS to 100
Total 100 100 100
[0090] The process for preparing the Wettable powder (WP) and Water-
dispersible granule (WDG) formulation comprises the steps as below.
[0091] A blend of 0.4% w/w metsulfuron-methyl, 21% w/w metribuzin, 10%
w/w polystyrenated acrylated co-polymer, 3% sodium alkyl naphthalene
sulfonate, 1% w/w trisodium phosphate and 33.1 % w/w china clay was
prepared by blending them for 1 hour. The blend was passed through airjet
mill to prepare a milled material having a reduced particle size (D90 <180.
[0092] 6.0 %w/w clodinafop-propargyl and/or 1.5 w/w cloquintocet methyl
was weighed into a clean vessel fitted with pressurised spray gun. The 6.0
%w/w clodinafop-propargyl and/or 1.5 w/w cloquintocet methyl mixture was
heated at 60 C-65 C to melt completely. 4.0% w/w ethoxylated
tristyrylphenol phosphate was added into it and mixed well to obtain the
melted form of clodinafop-propargyl. Melted form of clodinafop-propargyl
mixture was uniformly sprayed on 20%w/w precipitated silica by a
pressurised spray gun and continued to mix for lhr.
[0093] The melted form of clodinafop-propargyl was charged into the
previously prepared milled material and continued to mix for 2 hours to get
homogenised wet table powder.
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[0094] Water-dispersible granule (WDG) was prepared by charging the
previously prepared wet table powder (WP) into the dough maker to prepare
uniform dough. The dough was extruded through basket type extruder to get
the granules. The granules were dried in a fluidized bed dryer (FBD) at 45 C.
[0095] The ambient sample of the wettable powder (WP) of the present
invention was subjected to the accelerated storage test to find out the
product
stability.
[0096] Table 2 shows the physical and chemical properties of the WP
formulation, before and after the accelerated storage test. The WP formulation
was prepared according to Example 9.
Table 2
Accelerate Test
d Storage
SI. Tests Specification Ambient Method
Test
Sample
No. *54 2 C
for 14 days
1 Appearance White to off white complies complies Visual
color powder
2 Active Metsulfuron- 0.40 0.38 HPLC
Ingredie methyl 0.38 ¨ 0.44 (5%) method
nt/
safener Clodinafop- 6.0 5.92
content propargyl 5.70 ¨ 6.60
(1.3%)
test %
w/w Metribuzin 19.95 ¨ 22.05 21.0 20.93
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(0.33%)
Cloquintocet 1.65 ¨ 1.42 1.50 1.48
methyl
(1.3%)
3 Wet sieve, passing 98 99.5 99.3 CIPAC MT
through 75 sieve, 185
%w/w,Min
4 Suspensibility, , 70 87 82 CIPAC MT
(%w/w),Min 184
Wettability,sec,Max 120 90 81 CIPAC MT
53.3.1
6 pH (1% aq.dispersion) 7.0 ¨ 9.5 7.8 7.7 CIPAC MT
75.3
7 Persistent foam,mL,Max 60 30 32 CIPAC MT
47.2
[0097] The results in Table 2 show that the appearance of the ambient sample
of the WP formulation before and after the accelerated storage test (@54 2 C
for 14 days) remained the same that is 'white to off-white coloured powder'.
5 [0098] Further, the content of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-
propargyl,
metribuzin and cloquintocet methyl was found to be 0.40% w/w, 6.00 %w/w,
21% w/w, 1.50 %w/w respectively before subjecting the ambient sample to
the accelerated storage test. After subjecting the ambient sample to the
accelerated storage test (that is storing at 54 2 C for 14 days in the HDPE
containers) the content of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl,
metribuzin and cloquintocet methyl is found to be almost same, that is 0.38%
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w/w, , 5.92 %w/w, 20.93% w/w, 1.48 %w/w respectively. It indicates that the
content of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, metribuzin and
cloquintocet methyl is not degraded.
[0099] The pH of the ambient sample of the wettable powder (WP) before
subjecting it to the accelerated storage test was found to be 7.8. However,
even after subjecting the ambient sample to the accelerated storage test the
pH
was found to be almost same, that is 7.7. It indicates that the wettable
powder
(WP) was adhering to the pH range of 7.0 ¨ 9.5 which indicates that the
formulation is stable.
[00100] The suspensibility test was conducted for the ambient sample of
the wettable powder (WP) formulation, before and after accelerated storage
test. The results of the suspensibility test indicated that, 87% and 82 % of
WP
formulation are uniformly distributed in water after dilution.
[00101] Tests such as persistent foam and wettability were also conducted
for the ambient sample of the wettable powder (WP), before and after
accelerated storage test. The results indicated that persistent foam test
showed
low persistent foam of 30m1 and 32m1 indicating the less froth formation. The
wettability test showed that the time taken to wet the powder is only 90 and
81
seconds indicating the fast wetting of the powder upon water dilution. The wet
sieve passing test showed passing of 99.50%w/w and 99.30%w/w of particles
of the formulation through the 7511 wet sieve indicating the low particle size
of
the formulation.
[00102] Thus, in all the tests, values of the tests remained almost same
before and after accelerated storage test which indicates that the formulation
is
stable.
[00103] In view of the above test results, wettable powder (WP) of the
present invention prepared in accordance with the above examples are
extrapolated to be stable for 2 years.
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[00104] The ambient sample of the water-dispersible granule (WDG)
formulation of the present invention is subjected to the accelerated storage
test
to find out the product stability.
[00105] Table 3 shows the physical and chemical properties of the WDG
formulation, before and after the accelerated storage test. The WDG
formulation is prepared according to Example 9.
Table 3
Accelerated Test
Storage
Sl. Tests Specification Ambient Method
Test
Sample
No. *54 2 C
for 14 days
1 Appearance White to off complies complies Visual
white color
granule
2 Active Metsulfuron- 0.40 0.39 HPLC
Ingredient/ methyl 0.38 ¨ 0.44 (2.5%) method
safener
content Clodinafop- 6.0 5.9
test % Propargyl 5.70 ¨ 6.60
(1.6%)
w/w
Metribuzin 21.0 20.18
19.95 ¨ 22.05
(3.9%)
Cloquintocet 1.65 ¨ 1.42 1.5 1.49
methyl (0.66%)
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3 Wet sieve, passing 98 99.6 99.1 CIPAC
through 75[1. sieve, %w/w MT 185
4 Suspensibility, , %w/w 70 82 77 CIPAC
MT 184
Degree of dispersion, 70 75 71 CIPAC
%w/w MT 174
6 Wettability, sec 120 15 10 CIPAC
MT
53.3.1
7 pH (1% aq.dispersion) 7.0 ¨ 9.5 7.9 7.8
CIPAC
MT
75.3
8 Persistent foam, mL 60 28 30 CIPAC
MT
47.2
9 Moisture content, %, max 5 1.72 1.69 CIPAC
MT
30.1
[00106] The results in Table 3 show that the appearance of the ambient
sample of the water-dispersible granule (WDG) before and after the
accelerated storage test (@54 2 C for 14 days) remained the same that is
5 'White to off white color granule'.
[00107] Further, the content of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl,
metribuzin and cloquintocet methyl was found to be 0.40% w/w, 6.00 %w/w,
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21.00% w/w, 1.50 %w/w respectively before subjecting the ambient sample to
the accelerated storage test. After subjecting the ambient sample to the
accelerated storage test (that is storing at 54 2 C for 14 days in the HDPE
containers) the content of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl,
metribuzin and cloquintocet methyl was found to be almost same, that is
0.39% w/w , 5.9 %w/w, 20.18% w/w, 1.49 %w/w respectively. It indicates
that the content of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, metribuzin and
cloquintocet methyl is not degraded.
[00108] The pH of the ambient sample of the water dispersible granule
(WDG) before subjecting it to the accelerated storage test was found to be
7.9.
However, even after subjecting the ambient sample to the accelerated storage
test the pH was found to be almost same, that is 7.8. It indicates that the
water
dispersible granule (WDG) was adhering to the pH range of 7.0 ¨ 9.5 which
indicates that the formulation is stable.
[00109] The suspensibility test was conducted for the ambient sample of
the water dispersible granule (WDG) formulation, before and after accelerated
storage test. The results of the suspensibility test indicated that, 82% and
77%
of WP formulation are uniformly distributed in water after dilution.
[00110] Tests such as persistent foam, wettability and degree of dispersion
and moisture content were also conducted for the ambient sample of the water
dispersible granule (WDG), before and after accelerated storage test. The
results indicated that persistent foam test showed low persistent foam of 28m1
and 30m1 indicating the less froth formation. The wettability test showed that
the time taken to wet the granules is only 15 and 10 seconds indicating the
faster dispersion and disintegration of the granules upon water dilution.
Degree of dispersion test showed that 75% and 71% of granules were
dispersed uniformly and formed homogeneous dispersion. Moisture content
test showed low moisture content of 1.72% and 1.69% indicating dried
granules. The wet sieve passing test showed passing of 99.60%w/w and
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99.10%w/w of particles of the formulation through the 7511 wet sieve
indicating the low particle size of the formulation.
[00111] Thus, in all the tests, values of the tests remained almost
same
before and after accelerated storage test which indicates that the formulation
is
stable.
[00112] In view of the above test results, water dispersible granule (WDG)
of the present invention prepared in accordance with the above examples are
extrapolated to be stable for 2 years.
[00113] Experimental data:
Table 4: Effect of pre-mix, metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% + clodinafop-propargyl
6% + metribuzin 21% oil-dispersion (OD) formulation against major weeds
in wheat variety HD 2967 at the Geong, Kaithal, Kamal and Chandigarh
location in the Rabi season 2020.
Table 4
Mean no. of weeds/Sq.mt area
Dosage
( 30 days after application)
Treatment
Broad leaf
Formulation
g a.i./ha Grasses weed Total
(g/ml/ha) (BLW)
Untreated check 180.3 82.7 263.0
Metsulfuron-methyl 20%WP 4 20 181.0 13.5 194.5
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Clodinafop- propargyl
60 400 85.3 83.0 168.3
15%WP
Metribuzin 70%WP 210 300 54.5 25.0 79.5
Clodinafop-propargyl 12% +
81+ 283.5 675 45.7 27.5 73.2
Metribuzin 42% WDG
Clodinafop-propargyl 15% +
60+4 400 96.5 29.5 126.0
Metsulfuron-methyl 1% WP
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +
Metribuzin 21% OD 4 + 60 + 210 1000 13.4 8.9 22.3
(recommended Dosage)
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +
Metribuzin 21% OD 3.6 + 54 +
900 20.5 11.3 31.8
189
(10% reduced recommended
dosage)
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
clodinafop-propargyl 6% +3.2 + 48 +
800 26.8 16.3 43.1
Metribuzin 21% OD 168
(20% reduced recommended
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dosage)
[00114] From the above results, after 30 days of application of the
herbicide composition comprising metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl
and metribuzin in an amount of 0.4% metsulfuron-methyl , 6% clodinafop-
propargyl and 21% Metribuzin OD formulation, the number of weeds were
reduced to a greater extent (22.3 weeds/sq.mt area) that is at least 11 times
in
comparison to the untreated check (without herbicide treatment) (263.0
weeds/sq.mt area). Also, the results were better in comparison to the
individual compounds metsulfuron-methyl 20%WP (194.5 weeds/sq.mt area),
clodinafop- propargyl 15%WP (168.3 weeds/sq.mt area), metribuzin 70%WP
(79.5 weeds/sq.mt area) and the conventional two way combinations of
clodinafop-propargyl 12% + metribuzin 42% WDG (73.2 weeds/Sq.mt area),
clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron-methyl 1% WP (126.0 weeds/sq.mt
area).
[00115] The data of Table 4 indicates that the composition having
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin at 10% reduced
recommended dosage of the compounds showed higher reduction in the
number of weeds than the individual compounds and conventional herbicidal
combinations.
[00116] Similar result of reduced number of weeds was observed for
composition comprising metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and
metribuzin at 20% reduced recommended dosage of the compounds compared
to individual compounds and conventional herbicidal combinations.
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Table 5: The results in terms of percent reduction over the untreated check
(UTC).
Table 5
% Control over UTC
Dosage
(30 days after application)
Treatment
Formulati BLW*
on %Mean
g al/ha Grasses
(Broad Leaf control
(g/ml/ha) Weed)
Untreated check
Metsulfuron-methyl 83.7(BLW
4 20 0.0 83.7
20%WP only)
Clodinafop-propargyl 52.7(Grasses
60 400 52.7 0.0
15%WP only)
Metribuzin 70%WP 210 300 69.8 69.8 69.77
Clodinafop-propargyl
12% + Metribuzin 42% 81+ 283.5 675 74.7 66.7 70.70
WDG
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Clodinafop-propargyl
15% + Metsulfuron- 60+4 400 46.5 64.3 55.40
methyl 1% WP
Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6% +
4 + 60 + 210 1000 92.6 89.2 90.90
Metribuzin 21% OD
(Recommended Dosage)
Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6% +
3.6 + 54 +
Metribuzin 21% OD 189 900 88.6 86.3 87.48
(10% reduced
recommended dosage)
Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6% +
3.2 + 48 +
Metribuzin 21% OD 168 800 85.1 80.3 82.71
(20% reduced
recommended dosage)
*BLW-Broad leaved weeds.
[00117] From the above results, the compositions comprising
metsulfuron-
methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin formulated into OD formulation
resulted in more than 90 % reduction of weeds in comparison to the untreated
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check. The percentage reduction of weeds by the present composition is
higher than the individual compounds as well as conventional combinations.
[00118] Table 6: Effect of pre-mix metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% + clodinafop-
propargyl 6% + metribuzin 21% wettable powder (WP) and water-dispersible
granule (WDG) formulation against major weeds in wheat at the Chandigarh
location in the Rabi season 2020.
Table 6
Mean no. of
weeds/Sq.mt area
Dosage
(30 days after
Treatment application)
Formulation
g a.i./ha Grasses BLW Total
(g/ml/ha)
Untreated check 144 59 203
Metsulfuron-methyl 20%WP 4 20 144 9 153
Clodinafop-propargyl 15%WP 60 400 78 59 137
Metribuzin 70%WP 210 300 42 17 59
Clodinafop-propargyl 12% +
Metribuzin 42% WDG 81+283.5 675 40 21 61
(2 way combination)
Clodinafop-propargyl 15% +60+4 400 82 18 100
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Metsulfuron-methyl 1% WP
(2 way combination)
Pinoxaden 5.1%EC @ 900m1/ha 900 49 53 102
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +4 + 60 +
1000 27 16 43
Metribuzin 21% WP 210
(Recommended dosage)
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +4 + 60 +
Metribuzin 21% WDG 210 1000 33 22 56
(Recommended dosage)
[00119] From the above results, after 30 days of application of the herbicide
composition comprising metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and
metribuzin in an amount of 0.4% metsulfuron-methyl , 6% clodinafop-
propargyl and 21% metribuzin WP formulation and WDG formulation, the
number of weeds were reduced to a greater extent (43 weeds/sq.mt area and
56 weeds/sq.mt respectively) that is at least 3 to 4 times in comparison to
the
untreated check (without herbicide treatment) (203 weeds/sq.mt area). Also,
the results were better in comparison to the individual compounds
metsulfuron-methyl 20%WP (153 weeds/sq.mt area), clodinafop-propargyl
15%WP (137 weeds/sq.mt area), Metribuzin 70%WP (59 weeds/sq.mt area)
and the conventional herbicide Pinoxaden 5.1%EC (102 weeds/sq.mt area)
and conventional two way combinations clodinafop-propargyl 12% +
metribuzin 42% WDG (61 weeds/sq.mt area) and clodinafop-propargyl 15% +
metsulfuron-methyl 1% WP (100weeds/sq.mt area).
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Table 7: The result in terms of percent reduction over the untreated check
(UTC).
% Control over UTC
Dosage
(30 days after application)
Treatment
Formulation % Mean
g a.i./ha Grasses BLW
(g/ml/ha) control
Untreated check 0.0 0.0 0.0
Metsulfuron-methyl 20%WP 4 20 0 85 85(BLW
only)
45(Grasses
Clodinafop-propargyl 15%WP 60 400
45 0 only)
Metribuzin 70%WP 210 300 70 66 68
Clodinafop-propargyl 12% +
Metribuzin 42% WDG 81+675 68
283.5
(2 way combination) 71 64
Clodinafop-propargyl 15% +
Metsulfuron-methyl 1% WP 60+4 400 57
(2 way combination) 43 72
67(Grasses
Pinoxaden 5.1%EC@ 900m1/ha - 900
67 0 only)
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% + 4 + 60 +
Metribuzin 21% WP 210 1000
(Recommended dosage) 80 73 77
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Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% + 4 + 60 +
1000
Metribuzin 21% WDG 210
(Recommended dosage) 75 62 69
[00120] From the above results, the compositions comprising metsulfuron-
methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin formulated into WP and WDG
formulation resulted in higher weeds percent reduction of 77% and 69%
respectively in comparison to the untreated check. The percentage reduction of
weeds by the composition is higher than the individual compounds as well as
conventional combinations.
Table 8: Effect of pre-mix, metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% + clodinafop-propargyl
6% + metribuzin 21% oil-dispersion (OD) formulation and wettable powder
(WP) formulation against major weeds in wheat variety HD 2967 at the
Geong, Kaithal, Karnal and Chandigarh location in the Rabi season 2021.
Table 8
Mean no. of weeds/Sq.mt area
Dosage
( 45 days after application)
Treatment
Broad leaf
Formulation
g a.i./ha Grasses weed Total
(g/ml/ha) (BLW)
Untreated check 260.3 7.7 268.0
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Metsulfuron-methyl 20%WP 4 20 260 0.0 260.0
Clodinafop- propargyl
60 400
15%WP 125.6 7.5 133.1
Metribuzin 70%WP 210 300 80.7 1.5 82.2
Clodinafop-propargyl 12% +
60+ 210 500
Metribuzin 42% WDG 69 1.2 70.2
Clodinafop-propargyl 9% +
54+120 600
Metribuzin 20% WP 93.6 2.4 96.0
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +
Metribuzin 21% OD 4 + 60 + 210 1000
(recommended Dosage) 21.3 0.0 21.3
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +
Metribuzin 21% OD 3.6 + 54 +
900
189
(10% reduced recommended
dosage) 24.7 0.0 24.7
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +4 + 60 + 210 1000
Metribuzin 21% WP 59.5 0.0 59.5
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(Recommended dosage)
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +
Metribuzin 21% WP 3.6 + 54 +
900
189
(10% reduced recommended
dosage) 63.5 0.0 63.5
[00121] From the above results, after 45 days of application of the OD
formulation of the herbicide composition comprising metsulfuron-methyl,
clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin in an amount of 0.4% metsulfuron-
methyl, 6% clodinafop-propargyl and 21% metribuzin, the number of weeds
were reduced to a greater extent (21.3 weeds/sq.mt area) that is at least 12
times in comparison to the untreated check (without herbicide treatment)
(268.0weeds/sq.mt area). Also, after 45 days of application of the WP
formulation of the herbicide composition comprising metsulfuron-methyl,
clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin in an amount of 0.4% metsulfuron-
methyl, 6% clodinafop-propargyl and 21% metribuzin, the number of weeds
were reduced to a greater extent (59.5 weeds/sq.mt area) that is at least 4
times
in comparison to the untreated check (without herbicide treatment)
(268.0weeds/sq.mt area).
[00122] Further, the results were better in comparison to the individual
compounds metsulfuron-methyl 20%WP (260 weeds/sq.mt area), clodinafop-
propargyl 15 %WP (133.1 weeds/sq.mt area), metribuzin 70%WP
(82.2weeds/sq.mt area) and the conventional two way combinations of
clodinafop-propargyl 12% + metribuzin 42% WDG (70.2 weeds/sq.mt area),
clodinafop-propargyl 9% + Metribuzin 20% WP (96 weeds/sq.mt area).
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[00123] The data of Table 8 indicates that the composition having
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin at 10% reduced
recommended dosage of the compounds showed higher reduction in the
number of weeds than the individual compounds and conventional herbicidal
combinations.
Table 9: The results in terms of percent reduction over the untreated check
(UTC).
% Control over UTC
Dosage
(30 days after application)
Treatment
Formulati BLW*
Mean
g a.i./ha onGrasses
(Broad Leaf control
_(g/ml/ha) Weed)
Untreated check
Metsulfuron-methyl
4 20
20%WP 0 100 50
Clodinafop-propargyl
60 400
15%WP 51.7 0 25.9
Metribuzin 70%WP 210 300 69 80.5 74.8
Clodinafop-propargyl 60+ 210 500 73.32 84.37 78.8
12% + Metribuzin 42%
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WDG
Clodinafop-propargyl 9%
54+120 600
+ Metribuzin 20% WP 64 68.3 66.2
Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6%
+4 + 60 + 210 1000
Metribuzin 21% OD
(Recommended Dosage) 91.8 100 95.9
Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6%
+3.6 + 54 +
Metribuzin 21% OD
189 900
(10% reduced
recommended dosage)
90.5 100 95.3
Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6%
+4 + 60 + 210 1000
Metribuzin 21% WP
(Recommended dosage)
77.14 100 88.55
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Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6% +3.6 + 54 +
Metribuzin 21% WP 900
189
(10% reduced
recommended dosage) 75.6 100 87.8
*BLW-Broad leaved weeds.
[00124] From the above results, the compositions comprising
metsulfuron-
methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin formulated into OD formulation
resulted in more than 95% reduction of weeds in comparison to the untreated
check. The percentage reduction of weeds by the present composition is
higher than the individual compounds as well as conventional combinations.
[00125] Also, from the above results, the compositions comprising
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin formulated into WP
formulation resulted in more than 87% reduction of weeds in comparison to
the untreated check. The percentage reduction of weeds by the composition is
higher than the individual compounds as well as conventional combinations.
Table 10: Effect of pre-mix, metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% + clodinafop-
propargyl 6% + metribuzin 21% oil-dispersion (OD) formulation and
wettable powder (WP) formulation against major weeds in wheat variety HD
2967 at the Geong, Kaithal, Karnal and Chandigarh location in the Rabi
season 2021.
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Table 10
Mean no. of weeds/Sq.mt area
Dosage
( 45 days after application)
Treatment
Formulation Broad leaf
g a.i./ha Grasses weed Total
(g/ml/ha) (BLW)
Untreated check 304.67 10.5 315.17
Metsulfuron-methyl 20%WP 4 20 304.33 1 305.33
Clodinafop- propargyl
60 400
15%WP 142.00 10 152.00
Metribuzin 70%WP 210 300 90.50 3.0 93.50
Clodinafop-propargyl 12% +
60+ 210 500
Metribuzin 42% WDG 74.83 2.3 77.13
Clodinafop-propargyl 9% +
54+120 600
Metribuzin 20% WP 105.67 4.8 110.47
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +4 + 60 + 210 1000
Metribuzin 21% OD 33.17 0 33.17
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(recommended Dosage)
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +
Metribuzin 21% OD 3.6 + 54 +
900
189
(10% reduced recommended
dosage) 48.67 0 48.67
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +
Metribuzin 21% WP 4 + 60 + 210 1000
(Recommended dosage) 50.33 0.5 50.83
Metsulfuron-methyl 0.4% +
Clodinafop-propargyl 6% +
Metribuzin 21% WP 3.6 + 54 +900
189
(10% reduced recommended
dosage)
57.67 0.5 58.17
[00126] From the above results, after 45 days of application of the OD
formulation of the herbicide composition comprising metsulfuron-methyl,
clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin in an amount of 0.4% metsulfuron-
methyl, 6% clodinafop-propargyl and 21% metribuzin, the number of weeds
were reduced to a greater extent (33.17 weeds/sq.mt area) that is at least 9
times in comparison to the untreated check (without herbicide treatment)
(315.17 weeds/sq.mt area). Also, after 45 days of application of the WP
formulation of the herbicide composition comprising metsulfuron-methyl,
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clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin in an amount of 0.4% metsulfuron-
methyl , 6% clodinafop-propargyl and 21% metribuzin, the number of weeds
were reduced to a greater extent (50.83 weeds/sq.mt area) that is at least 6
times in comparison to the untreated check (without herbicide treatment)
(315.17weeds/sq.mt area).
[00127] Also, the results were better in comparison to the individual
compounds metsulfuron-methyl 20%WP (305.33 weeds/sq.mt area),
clodinafop- propargyl 15%WP (152 weeds/sq.mt area), metribuzin 70%WP
(93.50 weeds/sq.mt area) and the conventional two way combinations of
clodinafop-propargyl 12% + metribuzin 42% WDG (77.13 weeds/sq.mt area),
clodinafop-propargyl 9% + Metribuzin 20% WP (110.47weed5/sq.mt area).
[00128] The data of Table 10 indicates that the composition having
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin at 10% reduced
recommended dosage of the compounds showed higher reduction in the
number of weeds than the individual compounds and conventional herbicidal
combinations.
Table 11: The results in terms of percent reduction over the untreated check
(UTC).
% Control over UTC
Dosage
(30 days after application)
Treatment
Formulati BLW*
Mean
g a.i./ha onGrasses
(Broad Leaf control
(g/ml/ha) Weed)
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Untreated check
Metsulfuron-methyl
4 20 0 100 50
20%WP
Clodinafop-propargyl
60 400 53.4 0 26.7
15%WP
Metribuzin 70%WP 210 300 70.3 71.42 70.86
Clodinafop-propargyl
12% + Metribuzin 42%60+ 210 500 75.5 78.09 76.8
WDG
Clodinafop-propargyl 9%
54+120 600 65.3 54.28 59.79
+ Metribuzin 200/0 WP
Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6% +
4 + 60 + 210 1000 89.1 100 94.55
Metribuzin 21% OD
(Recommended Dosage)
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Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6% +3.6 + 54 +
Metribuzin 21% OD 189 900 84.1 100 92.05
(10% reduced
recommended dosage)
Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6% +4 + 60 + 210 1000 85.59 95.2 90.4
Metribuzin 21% WP
(Recommended dosage)
Metsulfuron-methyl
0.4% + Clodinafop-
propargyl 6% +3.6 + 54 +
Metribuzin 21% WP 189 900 83.53 95.2 89.37
(10% reduced
recommended dosage)
*BLW-Broad leaved weeds.
[00129] From the above results, the compositions comprising
metsulfuron-
methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin formulated into OD formulation
resulted in more than 92% reduction of weeds in comparison to the untreated
check. The percentage reduction of weeds by the present composition is
higher than the individual compounds as well as conventional combinations.
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[00130] Also, from the above results, the compositions comprising
metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl and metribuzin formulated into WP
formulation resulted in more than 89% reduction of weeds in comparison to
the untreated check. The percentage reduction of weeds by the composition is
higher than the individual compounds as well as conventional combinations.
[00131] From the test results shown above, it is evident that there is an
unexpected and surprising result, that is synergistic effect of the
combination
of metsulfuron-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, metribuzin in the control of
weeds such as broad leaved weeds and grassy weeds in wheat fields. As seen
from Tables 4 to 11, the combined administration of metsulfuron-methyl,
clodinafop-propargyl, and metribuzin resulted in significant reduction in
weeds population as compared to single administration of the individual
herbicides and the 2 way combination herbicides. As seen from Tables 4 to
11, the present herbicide combination applied in a single treatment to the
wheat crop kills substantially all of the weeds, thereby avoiding a need for
successive treatments. It is also evident that the combination preparation in
accordance with the present invention exhibits a superior herbicidal effect as
compared to other known herbicidal products available in the market.
[00132] The foregoing examples are merely illustrative and are not to be
taken as limitations upon the scope of the invention. Various changes and
modifications to the disclosed examples will be apparent to those skilled in
the
art. Such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the
scope of the invention.
49
