Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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It is known to provide a refrigerator operated
by a gas burner for use in house trailers, boats,
and t~ like. ~he conduits supplying combustion air to
the gas burner and fresh air to the space or room in
which the apparatus is mounted, as well as the conduits
leading the combustion gases away from the gas burner,
are of different design. Since the combustion gases
can be injurious to people present in the room in
which the apparatus is mounted and since the burner flame
involves risk of fire in the event there are combustible
gases in the room, stro~g efforts have been made in
prior construction to provide a sealed combustion
system. In such a known system, the combustion air,
which -is led from the ambient to the gas burner, as
well as the combustion gases, are conveyed through a
, system of conduits. lhis system communicates only with
the air outside the room and is nowhere in communication
~ with the atmosphere present in the room.
¦ A number of sealed combustion systems have already
been produced and are on the market, but the known
constructions are not fully satisfactory with regard to
¦ operational safety. Both house trailers and boats are
~ subject to strong winds and/or comparatively strong air
`!~ gusts occurring in different directions, and hence the - -~
¦~ 25 pressure conditions in a sealed combustion system can
change in such a manner that the flow of air and
combustion gas occasionally ceases and the fla~e goes
~ out due to lack of oxygen. ~heoretically, this occurrence
s~ could be remedied in two ways: either by providing
automatic re-lighting when the flame has extinguished,
or by forming the sealed system and its connection to ~ ~ -
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ambient air in such a way that changes of the pressure
conditions outside the space or room cannot affect the
flow through the sealed combustion system to such an
extent that the burner flame is extinguished.
~he known ventilators for the previously
described apparatus which are now available are improve- -
ments compared with what was obtainable earlier. However,
they are not entirely windproof. A prime difficulty
in preventing a break in the operation of a gas burner
in a sealed combustion system depen-ds on the fact that
air gusts occur in different directions and that the
force of the wind may vary considerably. lherefore,
a ventilator of this type cannot have a protecting device
which is asymmetric. Furthermore, it must not be possible
for the combustion gases discharged from the system to
be blown or led into the air intake so that the burner
will get an inappropriate or insufficient quantity of air
for combustion purposes. ~urthermore, it is not desired
that the combustion gases pass through the combustion
gas conduit back to the burner, which is such a case
I would not receive any air for the combustion and its
flame would thus be extinguished.
It is an object of the present invention to -
provide a sealed combustion system for the gas burner of
a refrigerator, or the like, with a construction and
arrangement whereby the intermittent operation of the
burner is overcome due to the changing pressure conditions
of the atmospheric air surrounding the ends of the
combustion gas conduit and the air intake conduits adjacent ~ --
to the ambient.
~he invention will now be more fully described
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with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
~IG. 1 is a vertical sectional view through a
part of a house trailer showing diagrammatically the sealed
system and conduits from a refrigerator to a ventilator
mounted in the wall of the trailer, all in accordance
with the teachings of my invention;
~IG. 2 is a sectional view, on a larger scale,
of certain details of construction shown in ~IG. 1, and
showing the connection of the conduits to the ventilator;
FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the ventilator
as seen from the exterior of the trailer;
~IG. 4 is a perspective view of the ventilator
as seen from the exterior of the trailer;
~IG. 5 is a front elevational view of the bottom
part of the ventilator; and
~IG. 6 is a front elevational view of the
intermediate disc member of the ventilator.
Referring to ~IG. 1, a house trailer C is
partially shown with a floor 10 and a wall ll. ~he refrig-
~ 20 erator 12 with a door 13 is shown mounted on a hollow
'~t base 14 which-may house conduits and control means for
an absorption refrigerating apparatus 15 operated by a
gas burner (not shown) from which combustion gases are
discharged by a flue 16.
Combustion air is supplied to the gas burner from
outside the trailer through a conduit 17 which, for example,
can be a flexible metal hose. lhe combustion gases
S are led outside of the trailer from flue 16 to a conduit 18, which also can be a flexible metal hose. lhe two
conduits 17 and 18 open into the ambient by a common
~ single wall ventilator referred to by the reference
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numeral 19 and shown on an enlarged scale in ~IG. 2.
~he ventilator 19 is shown mounted over a hole 20
in the wall 11 and the hole is covered by a bottom part
or plate 21 which is shown in detail in FIG. 5 and
comprises a plate with two holes 22 for passage of attachment
screws therethrough. The bottom plate has a recessed
portion 23 which fits into the hole 20 and is provided
with two holes 24 and 25. An angular pipe bend 26 of
an air conduit fits into the lower hole 24. lhe opening 27
of the pipe 26 is flush with the exterior surface of
the wall 11. Immediately adjacent to the inside of the
bottom part 21, the pipe 26 has a flange 28 with holes
. for screws fitting into corresponding holes 29 in the
bottom part. lhe pipe 26 is thus fastened to the bottom
part 21 on .assembly. In a similar way, an angular pipe
bend 30 located above the pipe 26 is inserted through the .
upper hole 25 and is connected to the combustion gas
~ conduit 18. Ihe opening 31 of the pipe 30 projects a
: slight amount out of the hole 25 and the pipe is attached
to the bottom part 21 by means of screws passing through
, holes 32 in the bottom`part and correspond.ing holes in
3 a flange 33 of the pipe 30.
A spacing and seal.ing ring 34 is located around
the outer end of the pipe 30. ~his ring is, for example, ~ .
fabricated of silicon rubber and is positioned between #
the bottom part 21 and.an intermediate disc 35. ~he disc 35
,.-. is provided with-a hole 36 (~IG. 6) fitting about the
opening 31 of the combustion gas conduit 18. ~he opening
,` 31 should be at a distance of 5 - 12 mm. and preferably :
about 8 mm. from the exterior surface of the wall 11.
As shown.in ~IG. 2, the intermediate disc 35 is retained
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by a casing 37 of the ventilator. Ihe intermediate
disc 35 is maintained in a parallel position relative to
the wall 11 by indented projections 38 in its lower part
and by the sealing ring 34. It is also secured by the
outer casing 37 whose central portion 39 is generally
planar and whose edge portions have a ledge 40 lying over
the peripheral edge of the intermediate disc 35. ~he
entire periphery of the intermedia~e disc is in contact
with the casing except at such places in which the edge
portions of the casing have openings 41 and 42 to the
- ambient. As seen in FIG. 2, the casing 37 is fastened
to the wall 11 by screws 43 and thus holds the ventilator
with its accessories in place.
As seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, lugs 44 are cut out from
the lateral edge portions of the casing and bent down.
In certain parts thereof, they have holes 45 for passage
of attachment screws. In a similar manner, the lugs 46
are cut out at the top and bottom edge portions. Ihe lugs
are thereafter bent inwardly and have holes 47 for the
attachment screws 43. For the sake of clarity, only the
upper and the lower opening 42 in the casing 37 are shown
in FIG. 2, Although the openings 41 are omitted in the
figure, they perform exactly the same function as the
upper and the lower openings 42. When the gas burner is
in operation, combusti~ gas passes through the conduit 18,
the pipe 30, the pipe opening 31, and a disc-shaped space
48 located between the intermediate disc 35 and the central
casing portion 39 and passes out through the openings 42
in the casing. -
When there is no wind in the area of the trailer,
the combustion gases will rise virtually straight upwardly
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as shown by the arrow 49 in ~IG. 4 because the ventilator
is warmer than the ambient air. If there is some wind,
part of the combustion gases will be drawn out at the lee
side of the ventilator. It would, however, be almost
impossible for the combustion gases to flow back into
the ventilator and down through the conduit 18 toward the
burner.
During operation of the burner combustion air is
drawn in, preferably as shown in ~IG. 4 by the arrow 50,
at the bottom part of the ventilator and between the
wall 11 and the intermediate disc 35. ~hen the air passes
through the opening 27 of the pipe 26 and through the
conduit 17 to the burner. ~he air passes through a disc- -
shaped space 51 behind the intermediate disc 35 which
separates the incoming air from the combustion gases
in the space 48, at the front side of the disc. ~he
present unique ventilator ensures that combustion gases
and fresh air are separated and there will be no risk
that the combustion gases wil] enter the air conduit
thereby causing the burner flame to go out. When the
wind blows more or less parallel to the wall surface, the
air can enter through the corresponding openings 41 at
one side of the ventilator and leave through the
corresponding openings at the other side without harmfully
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affecting the static pressure in the conduit openings
27 and 31.
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The velocity diagram of the air flow along the
outside wall of the trailer will be of such a type that
~ the static pressure is highest immediately adjacent the
; 30 wall and decreases outwardly. ~hus, the static pressure
is higher in the fresh air space 51 than in the combustion
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gas space 48, and an air flow is obtained which all the
time goes from the fresh air intake, i.e., the pipe
opening 27, in the direction toward the flame, and
further to the combustion gas outlet and the pipe opening
31 to the atmosphere. ~he pressure difference causing
this flow, increases with the wind force and can amount
to 1 - 1.5 mm. water column during a storm. ~his applies
also to the wind occurring about a trailer when the trailer
is being moved. Gusts or turbulences of the wind, which
may occur during movement, or strong wind, cannot cause
a higher pressure than 1 mm. water column, on occasional
pressure variations, and thus air is always supplied to
; the flame in the correct direction through the sealed
; system.
While particular embodiments of the invention are
herein illustrated and described, it will be understood
that changes may be made in the construction and arrangement
~ of elements without departing from the spirit or scope
; of the invention. ~herefore, without limitation in this
reepect, the invention is define~ by the following claims.
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