Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
CA 02183748 2006-07-19
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SPACED FABRIC
The invention relates to a spacer fabric, in particular a velour fabric,
having a first and a second layer and linking pile threads. The invention
further relates also to a building component on the basis of the spacer
fabric, in particular on a velour fabric basis.
Spacer fabrics such as these and building components produced from
them by resinification have already become known in various
embodiments and for different purposes of use.
initially, reference with regard to the state of the art is made to EP-B1 299
308. Further reference is also made to DE-A1 41 00 738. The content of
these two printed publications is incorporated as to their full contents in
the disclosure content of the present application, in such a way that
features of these printed publications may be also included in combination
as features in claims presented herein. Use in a floor covering of such a
fabric or of a resinified building component produced accordingly is further
known from EP-A2 475 000. W093/03235 describes use in house
building of a building component produced on the basis of such a fabric.
Reference with regard to the state of the art is further made, for example,
to DE-A1 39 02 940 and the documents filed on DE-GM 90 06 957, 90 07
289, 89 02 259 and 89 03 440.
In particular in a velour fabric, such as is known from initially mentioned
EP-B1 299 308, the arrangement of the intermediate elements having
their origin in the pile threads which freely floatingly join together the
layers of the multiplayer fabric, has proven very advantageous in the
resinified state. On the one hand, the intermediate elements have, on
account of the resinification, a pedestal-type transition to the top and to
the bottom layer respectively and are moreover, for figure-eight-shaped
central twisting, normally further joined together by the resinification, so
that they are formed to be relatively rigid. There exists, however, a
CA 02183748 2004-08-19
r
further need to increase the strength of such building components and
to provide a spacer fabric suitable for the purpose. l~hile the
strength may be controlled by the proportion of resin which remains in
the fabric on resinification, the weight of a building component
produced in such a manner also increases correspondingly with this at
the same time.
With regard to such a building component, in particular the production
of such a building component, the resinification is of particular
importance. In this connection, it is usual to proceed in such a
manner that resin is applied to the fabric, or that the fabric is
impregnated with,resin and an excess of resin is then prtssed out, in
order to releaselthe restoring forces of the pile threads, by which the
desired, spaced forat of the layers is produced, and, after hardening of
the resin, the intended building component. in particular, it is also
known for this purpose to spray a fabric with resin. As soon as the
criticafi quantity of resin relative to the fabric is reached through
impregnation, there ensues precisely the aforementioned desired spacing
of the layer. However, alternative possible methods of resinification
are also still sought beyond the foregoing.
Having~reqard to the state of the art as cited above, the invention
therefore faces the technical problem of providing a spacer fabric, in
particular as a basis for the production of a building component formed
from the fabric by resinification, which, despite increase in strength,
has the least possible increase in total weight and/or is to ba
proc8ssed as simply and effectively as possible in respect of
resinification.
35
CA 02183748 2004-08-19
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3o This problem is solved initially by a spacer fabric, in particular a velour
fabric, having a
fret layer and a second layer and pile threads joining the layers together, in
which it is
specified that between the layers and joined to or starting from the freely
floating pile
threads, there are provided branches running in weft andlor warp direction,
which
branches, in so far as they are woven, are accommodated in a cross-ova region
between
35 two pile threads, each of which alternates from layer to layer (additional)
-3-
weft threads), or runs alternately around neighbouring additional weft
threads (additional warp threads). This teaching is based on the
knowledge that by an increase in the bracing between the layers, there
may be achieved an increased strength, if this bracing - ultimately
formed in the building component by resin strands or resin coating -
has its origin in structures which are already provided by weaving in
the process of manufacture of the fabric. For this purpose, it may
already be provided in manufacture, for example, at least with regard
to the pile threads, that these pile threads have naps or loops, or may
perhaps be textured, may comprise a fancy or effect yarn or the like.
By this means there are produced, in particular in the freely floating
region between the layers, branchings protruding from the intermediate
elements, which branchings may be branch-like, for example, and -
without being joined together by weaving technique - produce
cross-overs and overlaps with corresponding branches of neighbouring
pile threads, so that in the (hardened) resinified state, there may
develop, in addition to the intermediate elements, a lattice, as it
were - between the layers - of resinified threads or thread portions.
In this connection, it is also of particular importance, as follows
also from the literature to which reference was made at the beginning,
that a spacer fabric such as this comprise high-strength yarns such as
aramide yarns, carbon fibre, ceramic fibre, or in particular glass
fibre. In a further embodiment, it is provided that branches also have
their origin in or are joined to the ground warp and/or the weft
material. The foregoing proves advantageous in particular with regard
to the inner surfaces of the layers of the spacer fabric, since by this
means there are obtained reinforced pedestal-type transition regions in
the region of the intermediate elements. A further measure, possible
in combination or as an alternative, in order to achieve the desired
reinforcement, consists in weaving additional weft threads between the
layers of the spacer fabric. In this connection, these additional weft
threads are preferably woven in the cross-over regions of the pile
threads which float between the layers. Irrespective of these
additional weft threads, however, there remains intact the ground
pattern of, for example, a velour fabric. No woven bridges are
21~3~~8
produced between the layers of the spacer fabric. The additional weft
threads may be fixed in particular by the pile threads alternating from
above to below and vice versa before and after the weft. Moreover,
additional warp threads may also be woven between the layers of the
spacer fabric. Altogether, there is thereby inserted and fixed by
weaving technique, between the top layer and the bottom layer of the
spacer fabric, the structure of a lattice, as it were, formed from the
weft and warp threads which cross one another.
Having regard to simpler processing, this embodiment leads also to the
further subject matter of the invention, a method for the formation of
a building component on the basis of a spacer fabric, in particular a
velour fabric, preferably a fabric in one of the embodiments as
discussed above and below, whereby through resinification there is
achieved a spaced, substantially rigid construction. The invention
provides that the resinification is executed by melting of additional
thermoplastic fibres incorporated, in particular woven, into the
skeletal structure of the spacer fabric. In regard to this subject
matter, the aforementioned fibres, respectively additional warp threads
or additional weft threads, are formed of a thermoplastic fibre, which
has a lower melting point than the material of the ground fabric, that
is, the ground warp and the ground weft threads as also the pile
threads. In particular by the introduction of such additional yarn
portions in the intermediate space between the two layers, there is
created a suitable storage space to bring this additional material to
melting point by appropriate heating and thereby to achieve the
resinification of the spacer/ground fabric. It is essential that
practically no portions of the ground fabric itself are woven of
thermoplastic fibres of such kind. By the application of heat, there
is thus no producing, in the layers - and also with regard to the pile
threads - of defective points which could result in holes or
weakenings. With regard to such thermoplastic fibres, a great many are
known in the state of the art, for example such as polystyrene,
polyethylene or polypropylene. In this connection, a subject of the
2183'~~8
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invention is also an associated spacer fabric, in particular a velour
fabric, having a first and a second layer, which are formed of a ground
warp and of a ground weft, and pile threads joining the layers
together, in which between the layers and joined to or having their
origin in the freely floating pile threads, there are branches running
in weft and/or warp direction, which branches comprise a thermoplastic
fibre material which has a lower melting point than the ground warp,
the ground weft or the pile threads. By the proportion of these
thermoplastic fibres, the degree of resinification may at the same time
be very finely controlled.
Also in regard to the further subject matter of the invention, the
building component on the basis of a spacer fabric, such as in
particular a velour fabric, as also has in particular been described
initially, this building component comprises at least a first and a
second layer and intermediate elements in the form of intermediate
cross-members linking these layers, as is described in particular in
EP-BI 299 308 already referred to several times. There are provided,
in a building component produced in such manner, branch elements having
their origin in the intermediate elements, which branch elements are
substantially laterally oriented and form a bridge to a neighbouring
intermediate element. As already described with regard to the basic
fabric, these bridges are also realised by as it were an opposing fibre
portion from the neighbouring intermediate element. Correspondingly,
these branch elements are determined by the yarn used, whereby as a
basis, there serve threads with naps, loops, textured threads or
threads produced by the fancy twist method. In addition, the basis for
this in the building component also is the additional warp and
additional weft threads in combination or as alternative, as already
described as tar as weaving is concerned. A particular embodiment is
furthermore provided in combination or as alternative in that the
intermediate cross-members comprise not only, as described and
represented in EP-BI 299 308, helically twisted threads or in
particular resinified threads arranged in figure-eight-shape to one
another, but in that double threads and corresponding double
2~83~~8
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cross-members are provided in respect of a thread cross-member of an
intermediate element. Instead of a figure-eight configuration, there
then appears a double figure-eight configuration. Also in the
crosswise-running thread cross-members, there is provided, as a result,
a doubling of the thread cross-members from two to four, which
furthermore preferably run curved in such a way that they leave between
one another, for example, an opening formed to extend in crescent
shape, bounded by two curved lines.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the
accompanying drawings, which, however, only show embodiments. In the
drawings,
Fig. 1-5 show weaving schemes of a velour spacer fabric with in each
case one additional weft thread in the cross-over region of four pile
threads;
Fig. 6-10 show fabric schemes according to Figs. 1 to 5, with
additionally two warp threads;
Fig. 11 shows a weaving scheme according to Fig. 1, but with two
additional weft threads, which are each bound in between the cross-over
regions of three pile threads;
Figs. 12, 13 show modifications of the weaving scheme according to Fig.
11;
Fig. 14 shows a weaving scheme according to Fig. 2, with one additional
warp thread, but four additional weft threads;
Fig. 15 shows a weaving scheme corresponding to the weaving scheme of
Fig. 1, but modified with a view to a flexible fabric;
Fig. 16 shows a schematic representation of a hardened building
component with intermediate bridges between the intermediate elements;
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Fig. 17 shows a cross-sectional representation of a building component
on the basis of a fabric with additional warp and additional weft
threads;
Fig. 18 shows a cross-sectional representation according to Fig. 17, in
which cross-shaped and figure-eight-shaped intermediate elements
alternate with one another;
Fig. 19 shows a perspective, partially cut-away view of a building
component according to Fig. 16;
Fig. 20 shows a representation according to Fig. 19 of a building
component according to Fig. 18.
Fig. 21 shows a weaving scheme such as may be used in particular in
connection with thermoplastic additional weft and/or additional warp
threads;
Fig. 22-24 show possible variations with regard to the ground warps
applicable to all of the weaving schemes represented;
Fig. 25 shows a weaving scheme which has provided advantages in
particular with regard to impregnatability of the fabric;
Fig. 26 shows a further weaving scheme which is of advantage with
regard to impregnation with resin;
Fig. 27 shows again a further weaving scheme which is of advantage with
regard to impregnation with resin;
Fig. 28 shows a weaving scheme with top-side weft threads which have a
structured surface;
Fig. 29 shows a representation according to Fig. 28, with a different
weaving scheme;
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Fig. 30 shows a resinified building component produced on the basis of
a fabric according to Fig. 28, in partially cut-away perspective view;
Fig. 31 shows a building component according to Fig. 30, in
cross-section, provided with a top coat of plaster.
There is represented and described - initially with reference to Fig. 1
- a weaving scheme for a velour fabric, in which additional weft
threads 3 are woven in between the layers 1 and 2. In the embodiment,
the additional weft threads 3 are each woven in in the cross-over
region of the pile threads 4, 5, 6 and 7, in such way that they are
simultaneously held in place. The pile threads 4 to 7 each alternate
from top to bottom, but do not surround the additional weft threads 3
in the process. By this means, the additional weft threads 3 are fixed
at the spacing midpoint. The free length of the pile threads 4 to 7
between the layers 1 and 2 is in each case virtually halved by this,
but without the pile threads effecting, between layers 1 and 2, a full
encirclement around an additional thread.
For the rest, the pile threads 4 to 7 each run in layers 1 and 2
respectively into sheds 16, in which there are accommodated two weft
threads 17, 18. Between the sheds 16, there are in each case provided
three further sheds 19, in each of which is accommodated a single weft
thread 20. The sheds 19 are thus each skipped by the pile threads 4 to
7, while in the sheds 16, two pile threads are always placed about one
weft thread 17 or 18 and then run again to the other layer 1 or 2
respectively.
In Figs. 2 to 10, the layers 1, 2 are each indicated only with regard
to the weft threads. The warp threads are not represented.
While in the weaving scheme according to Fig. 1, only the pile threads
4 and 5 run respectively above or below the weft thread 3 into a shed
16, there run, in the weaving scheme according to Fig. 2, all four pile
threads each into a shed 16 located respectively above or below. As
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for the rest, there are provided, in the scheme according to Fig. 2,
respectively a shed 16 and a shed 19 alternatingly beside one another
in the layers 1 and 2.
The weaving scheme of Fig. 3 corresponds to the weaving scheme of Fig.
2, with the difference that there are provided, between two sheds 16,
seven intermediate sheds 19.
The weaving scheme of Fig. 4 is a further development of the weaving
scheme of Fig. 2, in which however the pile threads, after they are
brought about a weft thread 18 in a shed 16, run again to the
respective other layer, the weft thread 3 being woven in at their
cross-over point. No weft thread 3 is woven in at that cross-over of
the pile threads at which the latter alternate directly between two
sheds 16. As for the rest, two sheds 19 are provided between each two
sheds 16.
Also possible without further consideration are other ground weaves on
the basis of, in particular, linen weave and body weave as well as
derivatives from these. To demonstrate variants here, reference is
made in particular to Figs. 22 to 24. While Fig. 22 shows individual
sheds I9 each with a single weft thread 20, Fig. 23 shows a weave in
which two weft threads 17, I8 each lie in one shed 16, and Fig. 24
shows such a weave in which intermediate sheds 16 having two weft
threads 17, 18 and sheds 20 having one weft thread 19 are arranged,
alternately one and two of these sheds 16 and 19.
The weaving scheme of Fig. 5 corresponds to that of Fig. 4, with the
difference that now also, corresponding to Fig. 2, there is woven in a
weft thread 3 at the cross-over of the pile threads 4 to 7, where the
latter alternate directly between two sheds 16.
In the weaving scheme according to Fig. 6, there are provided, in
addition to the additional weft threads 3, additional warp threads 8,
9. Otherwise, the same conditions apply here with regard to the weft
2183'48
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sheds 16 and 19 as for the weaving scheme of Fig. 1.
In Figs. 7 to 10, an abstract form of representation is again selected.
The weaving scheme of Fig. 7 corresponds to that of Fig. 2, but here
also there are provided the two extra additional warp threads 8, 9.
The weaving scheme of Fig. 8 corresponds to that of Fig. 3, here also
there being now provided the two additional warp threads 8, 9.
In like manner, the weaving scheme of Fig. 9 corresponds to that of
Fig. 4 and the weaving scheme of Fig. 10 to that of Fig. 5.
The weaving scheme of Fig. 11 originates from a weaving scheme
according to Fig. 1, but here, in a cross-over region of the pile
threads 4 to 7, there are incorporated respectively two additional weft
threads 3, 3'.
The weaving scheme of Fig. I2 corresponds to that of Fig. 2, but here
there is incorporated one additional warp thread 21 which alternates
S-shaped between two superimposed additional weft threads 3, 3'. The
additional warp thread thus encircles respectively half of the
additional weft thread 3 and half of the additional weft thread 3',
then to run, without entering into the layer 1 or 2, to the next
additional weft thread 3.
Also the pile threads 4 to 7 alternate in this weaving scheme, each
S-shaped in regard to the additional weft threads 3, 3'.
The weaving scheme of Fig. 13 corresponds to that of Fig. 4,~but here
also there are provided respectively two additional weft threads 3, 3',
with S-shaped alternating of the pile threads 4 to 7 about these
additional weft threads 3, 3', as explained above having regard to the
weaving scheme of Fig. I2, and with an additional warp thread 21 which,
in like manner as explained above with regard to the weaving scheme of
Fig. 12, alternates S-shaped in regard to the additional weft threads
3, 3'.
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In the weaving scheme of Fig. I4, there are provided four additional
weft threads 3, 3', 3 " and 3 " ' and moreover one further additional
warp thread 8' running between the additional weft threads 3 and 3 " or
3 " and 3 " ' respectively. As for the rest, the weaving scheme of Fig.
14 corresponds to that of Fig. 11.
In regard to the building component produced on the basis of a fabric,
formed in particular in one of the manners specified above, there is
represented in Fig. 16, in somewhat stylised form, a cross-section
through a building component, in which there are provided substantially
figure-eight-shaped intermediate elements 10 having thread
cross-members 10' and cross-shape-formed intermediate elements 11
having thread cross-members il'. In the representation according to
Fig. 16, there is already represented respectively a
double-cross-member embodiment, both for the figure-eight-shaped
intermediate cross-members 10 and for the cross-shape-formed
intermediate elements 11. A single cross-member embodiment may also be
in question here, as represented and described in principle in
EP-B1 299 308 already cited several times. Between previously
associated thread cross-members of the double cross-member embodiment,
there are produced crescent-shaped openings which, after
resinification, may each also be sealed by a resin skin.
Essential in the representation according to Fig. 16 are the
intermediate bridges 12, which develop between the intermediate
elements 10 and 11. These intermediate bridges 12 are obtained by use
of a special effect yarn. This effect or fancy yarn may have, for
example, naps or loops, or be textured or be produced by the fancy
twist method. All of this being in technical yarns which are listed in
detail at the beginning. With regard to the naps, it may also be
provided, as is known per se from, for example, utility model 90 07
289, that they be supported by inserted threads. In the resinified
state, there are then produced between the intermediate elements i0 and
11 precisely the intermediate bridges 12.
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In Fig. 17, there is represented a resinified building component on the
basis of a fabric with additional weft threads and additional warp
threads. Here also, there is to be recognised the double embodiment of
the cross-shaped intermediate elements 10 and the substantially
figure-eight-shaped intermediate elements 11. It is furthermore
represented that there is developed about the additional weft threads
3 " and the additional warp threads 8 respectively a covering 13 and
13' of hardened resin, which is thicker at the cross-over regions of
the pile threads and is normally at its thinnest at the middle of the
free-standing intermediate bridge portion 12. Altogether, there is
provided by this means an intermediate cross-member portion which joins
together neighbouring intermediate elements 10, 11 in warp and/or in
weft direction between the layers 14, 15.
In the representation according to Fig. 18, the laid-down base fabric
is provided in such way that, in the building component, cross-shaped
and figure-eight-shaped intermediate elements 10 and 11 alternate one
after the other, perpendicular to a plane in which these intermediate
elements extend.
From the perspective representation according to Fig. 19, it becomes
particularly clear that the additional warp threads 8 and the
additional weft threads 3 - in themselves - define an intermediate
lattice between the top and bottom layers 14, 15 of the resinified
building component, with cross-over points 21, which are respectively
disposed between figure-eight-shaped or cross-shaped structures of the
intermediate elements I0, 11, located one after the other. Moreover,
the intermediate lattice is naturally anchored also in the intermediate
elements in each case by resinification.
The same is to be taken from the perspective representation according
to Fig. 20.
For the sake of clarity, the representations of Figs. 19 and 20
indicate only partially the resinification and associated connecting of
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the pile threads and the additional weft or additional warp threads.
In a real building component, the resinification is thicker in
particular at the cross-over points, and in general, the threads, in
particular the additional warp threads and the additional weft threads,
are resinified over their entire length, in the sense of the described
covering 13 and 13'.
In so far as the intermediate bridges 12 are produced by means of the
special yarns mentioned, such for example as protruding fibres, naps,
loops or the like, the spacing and the length of the loops, naps or the
like protruding individually from the cross-member threads (also to be
designated as core threads) may be varied at will. The length should
be sufficient to bridge over the space to the next cross-member thread.
In regard to the weaving scheme according to Fig. 21, it is to be
mentioned in particular that there is provided here an additional warp
thread 8 and that additional weft threads 3 are inserted into the sheds
Fl and F2 thus formed - in cooperation with the floating pile threads
4, 5. These weft threads 3 are not woven in the weaving scheme shown
2p in Fig. 21, but are merely introduced. It is of particular importance
that threads of a thermoplastic material are here in question. In
principle, however, additional weft threads 3 may, also in this
embodiment, be incorporated in the fabric by weaving. Insertion only
has however advantages, for example with regard to the processing of
different materials. In particular, thermoplastic threads are
mentioned here. By means of this insertion between the two outside
layers of the spacer fabric, there may be effected, on heating this
spacer fabric, a resinification - by liquefaction of the thermoplastic
threads - from the inside of the fabric outward. By introduction into
the void space, this resinification may also be very favourably
controlled. The two weft threads 3 in one shed F1 are merely a
possible number. There may also be more weft threads 3 accommodated in
a shed F1 or F2 such as this. Moreover, there are also more additional
weft threads 3 accommodated in a shed F3, which is alone defined by the
pile threads 4, 5 crossing one another. The additional warp thread 8
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may also comprise such a thermoplastic fibre. This is dependent,
however, on the desired stiffness of the resulting building component.
It may also be recommended, in this case also, to produce the
additional warp thread from a material like the main fabric, that is,
in particular, from glass fibre.
It is further to be seen that a pile thread 4, 5 in the top or the
bottom layer is always brought initially down around (or up around) a
weft thread SI, then up around the next, S2, again down around the next
but one, S3, and only then changes again to the other layer, with
skipping of a weft thread S4.
Figs. 22 to 24 show different weaves for the main warps, which may be
combined with all of the weaving schemes represented.
It is of particular importance, in particular with regard to the
weaving schemes of Figs. 23 and 24, that the main warp threads of the
first and second row, that is the ground warp threads of a layer, for
example in accordance with the embodiments of Figs. 23 and 24, may be
arranged each one behind the other. There is produced as a result a
partially open fabric surface, which shows good properties with regard
to impregnatability of the fabric with resin. The bottom cloth shows
the same ground weave.
The foregoing is made clear with reference to the weaving schemes of
Figures 25 to 27. The respective adjacently lying (in direction of
depth, that is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing) ground warp
is shown in dotted outline. Such a weave is at any rate of
significance when, in conventional manner, a resinification is effected
from outside. The sheds with a single weft thread in the top and the
bottom layer respectively are in each case number provided to be 3 in
number, there being effected however in each case a connection of the
pile threads, which alternate between the layers, only in regard to 2
weft threads in these sheds.
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As for the rest, Figs. 26 and 27 again show further possible variants
with regard to the additional weft threads 3, or with regard to the
arrangement of the pile threads 4, 5.
While one pile thread 4 alternates skipping respectively 3 and 4 weft
threads in the bottom and the top layer respectively, and in doing so,
with regard to the additional weft threads 3, 3', alternates only
S-shaped between these additional weft threads, there are provided
further pile threads 5, 5' and 6, 6', which, on the one hand, alternate
IO between the layers with skipping of five weft threads in the top and
the bottom layer respectively and then alternate from one to the other
weft thread in the top and the bottom layer, and as well, in the first
alternation, take up an interaction with additional weft threads 3 " ,
3 " ', in that they hold these additional weft threads 3 " , 3 " ' in a
tensioned shed between the pile threads 6, 6' and 5, 5', and on the
other hand, enter into interaction with the additional weft threads 3,
3'.
In the manner described above, there is produced, as it were, a 3-layer
p0 spacer fabric (with reference to the additional weft threads and
additional warp threads respectively), in which, however, the thread
density of the "middle layer" is less than that of the top and the
bottom layers. Preferably, one to six additional warp threads or
additional weft threads per cm are woven into the "middle layer" in the
weft direction.
In comparison with the structure of a bird bone as known from nature,
there is achieved a sandwich construction, which provides very high
strengths for relatively low weight.
The proportion of resin is preferably about 45 to 65 % of the total
weight of a building component produced in such manner, for example a
panel.
Altogether, the compressive strength, the flexural strength and the
shear strength are improved. Herewith are opened up fields of
2183~~8
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application which had hitherto long been reserved to sandwich materials
which reached strength values such as these.
A subject of the invention is also a spacer fabric, in particular a
velour fabric, with a first and a second layer and pile threads joining
the layers, in which there is achieved an effective improvement having
regard to adhesion to an outer side of the spacer fabric. In
accordance with the invention, it is provided in this connection that
in one or both layers, associated with an outer surface of the spacer
fabric, there are woven in weft threads with a structured surface, far
example loop yarns, frill yarns, textured yarns, etc.
Moreover, the invention also relates to a building component produced
on the basis of such a fabric, produced namely by resinification. It
is essential that these loop yarns, frill yarns, etc. define protruding
portions which, in the resinified state, project beyond a top surface
of the building component (or a bottom surface, or both surfaces).
When a spacer panel produced from the fabric is, for example, provided
on its surface with a plaster coat or the like, the protruding portions
2p of the structured yarns define anchors, as it were, which penetrate
freely into the plaster or any other Layer. Moreover, the foregoing is
naturally of advantage also when several panels of spacer fabrics are
arranged on one other and joined, for example, by means of a hardened
resin layer.
Reference is made in this connection to Figs. 28, 29, 30 and 31.
In Fig. 28, there is represented the fundamental weaving scheme of a
velour spacer fabric. In the embodiment of Fig. 28, there is woven
into the top fabric layer an additional warp thread 25, which is joined
by weaving technique to an additional weft thread 26. The additional
weft thread 26 is formed as a weft thread with a structured surface,
for example in the form of a special twist like a loop yarn, a fancy
yarn, a textured yarn, etc. Optionally, the additional warp threads 25
CA 02183748 2004-08-19
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may also be formed with such a surface. Moreover, it is also possible,
in principle, not to provide additional warp threads 25 or additional
weft threads 26, but rather to directly form the corresponding threads
of the ground fabric in this manner. The additional weft threads and
additional warp threads have however the advantage that use may also he
made of materials different from the ground fabric. For example, the
threads may comprise not only glass fibres, carbon fibres and aramide
fibres, but also polyester material, polyamide material and
polypropylene material. Moreover, the threads may also be formed as
1D continuous or staple fibres. It is also further possible to use
natural woven textile materials for this purpose.
In Fig. 29, there is represented such a weaving scheme with different
weaves of the top and the bottom layer, which again, as explained in
principle above with reference to Figs. 25 to 27, may be arranged one
behind the other (iwdepth). The weaving scheme of Fig. 29 otherwise
cOrrespo,~tds to that for a conventional velour fabric.
In Fig. 30, there is represented in perspective view a building
component produced by the foregoing, after resinification. Moreover,
there ,is represented in Fig. 31, in diagrammatic manner, a
cross-section through a building component of such a kind with a
plaster coat 27 applied on top. It is to be recognised that protruding
portions Z8, 29 of the additional weft threads project into tfte plaster
coat 27 and thus provide a firm anchorage between the resinified
building component and the plaster coat.
The features of the invention disclosed in the above description, in
the drawings end in the claims may be of importance both individually
and in any combination for the realisation of the invention. A71
features disclosed are relevant to the invention.
