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Sommaire du brevet 2838641 

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Disponibilité de l'Abrégé et des Revendications

L'apparition de différences dans le texte et l'image des Revendications et de l'Abrégé dépend du moment auquel le document est publié. Les textes des Revendications et de l'Abrégé sont affichés :

  • lorsque la demande peut être examinée par le public;
  • lorsque le brevet est émis (délivrance).
(12) Brevet: (11) CA 2838641
(54) Titre français: LUMIERE A DEL
(54) Titre anglais: LED LIGHT
Statut: Réputé périmé
Données bibliographiques
(51) Classification internationale des brevets (CIB):
  • H01L 25/03 (2006.01)
  • H01L 33/48 (2010.01)
  • H01L 33/60 (2010.01)
  • H01L 33/64 (2010.01)
  • F21V 29/70 (2015.01)
  • H05B 45/325 (2020.01)
  • H01R 33/22 (2006.01)
  • H05K 1/00 (2006.01)
  • F21V 19/00 (2006.01)
(72) Inventeurs :
  • RODINGER, TOMAS (Canada)
  • CHU, GIMMY (Canada)
  • YAN, CHRISTIAN (Canada)
(73) Titulaires :
  • RODINGER, TOMAS (Canada)
  • CHU, GIMMY (Canada)
  • YAN, CHRISTIAN (Canada)
(71) Demandeurs :
  • RODINGER, TOMAS (Canada)
  • CHU, GIMMY (Canada)
  • YAN, CHRISTIAN (Canada)
(74) Agent: NORTON ROSE FULBRIGHT CANADA LLP/S.E.N.C.R.L., S.R.L.
(74) Co-agent:
(45) Délivré: 2015-09-29
(22) Date de dépôt: 2014-01-10
(41) Mise à la disponibilité du public: 2014-07-23
Requête d'examen: 2014-07-11
Licence disponible: S.O.
(25) Langue des documents déposés: Anglais

Traité de coopération en matière de brevets (PCT): Non

(30) Données de priorité de la demande:
Numéro de la demande Pays / territoire Date
61/766,291 Etats-Unis d'Amérique 2013-02-19
29/445,982 Etats-Unis d'Amérique 2013-02-19
201310100381.6 Chine 2013-03-26
14/152,928 Etats-Unis d'Amérique 2014-01-10

Abrégés

Abrégé français

Une lumière à DEL comporte une enveloppe structurelle formée en pliant une carte de circuits imprimés plate en une forme polyèdre généralement tridimensionnelle et un connecteur électrique servant à coupler à distance la lumière à une source d'électricité. La carte de circuits imprimés comprend une pluralité de DEL, au moins une DEL installée électroniquement sur une pluralité de faces du polyèdre et un circuit d'attaque pour alimenter chaque DEL. Le périmètre de la carte de circuits imprimés est de forme telle à joindre les faces adjacentes. Chaque DEL produit un minimum de chaleur résiduelle, qui est partiellement conduite par un pont de puits thermique métallique vers la carte de circuits imprimés et dissipée dans l'air par la carte de circuits imprimés et, facultativement, par une pluralité d'espaces dans l'enveloppe.


Abrégé anglais



An LED light comprises a structural shell formed by folding a flat PCB into a
generally closed three-dimensional polyhedron shape and an electrical
connector
for removably coupling the light to a power source. The PCB comprises a
plurality of LEDs, at least one LED mounted electronically on a plurality of
faces
of the polyhedron, and a driver circuit for driving each LED. The perimeter of
the
PCB is shaped to join adjacent faces. Each LED produces minimal excess heat,
which is partially conducted by a metallic heat sink bridge to the PCB and
dissipated to the air through the PCB and, optionally, through a plurality of
spaces in the shell.

Revendications

Note : Les revendications sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.



What is claimed is:

1. An illumination device, comprising:
a structural shell comprising a PCB folded into a three-dimensional shape, the

shape comprising a plurality of faces joined together forming a threaded
socket
opening; and
an electrical connector joined to the threaded socket opening to close the
socket opening, the electrical connector for removably coupling the
illumination
device to a power source,
the PCB comprising:
a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) mounted thereon, one or more of
the
plurality of faces comprising at least one of the plurality of LEDs; and
a driver circuit,
wherein the driver circuit electronically connects the plurality of LEDs to
the electrical
connector.
2. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional
shape
dissipates heat from inside the three-dimensional shape through the PCB.
3. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality
of faces
comprises an outer face and a corresponding inner face, the PCB comprising at
least
one outer non-conductive layer and at least one internal conductive layer.
4. The illumination device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of
bending lines is cut
partially, but not all the way, through the at least one outer non-conductive
layer of the

44

PCB, at a sufficient depth to allow partial bending of the PCB at one or more
angles
along the plurality of bending lines so as to facilitate folding of the PCB
into a polyhedron
shape, while maintaining the integrity of the at least one internal conductive
layer.
5. The illumination device according to claim 3, wherein the at least one
internal conductive
layer is copper.
6. The illumination device according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of
bending lines is cut
by a laser cutting apparatus.
7. The illumination device according to claim 4, wherein the one or more
angles is within
the range of 1 to 90 degrees.
8. The illumination device according to claim 7, wherein the one or more
angles is 63
degrees.
9. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein at least part of a
perimeter of the
PCB is shaped to interlock at least two of the plurality of faces to each
other.
10. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein a first face of the
plurality of faces
has a first set of edge teeth on at least part of a perimeter of the first
face, and a second
face of the plurality of faces has a second set of edge teeth on at least part
of a
perimeter of the second face, the second set of edge teeth configured to be
complementary to and lockingly engage with the first set of edge teeth.
11. The illumination device according to claim 10, wherein the electrical
connector is
engagingly connected to at least three of the plurality of faces, said at
least three of the
plurality of faces each having a third set of edge teeth to complementarily
engage
internal components of the electrical connector.
12. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the electrical
connector is a light


fitting chosen from the group consisting of a standard Edison screw, a bayonet
mount
and a wedge base.
13. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the
faces of the
three-dimensional shape is a polygon chosen from the group consisting of a
triangle, a
quadrilateral, a pentagon and a hexagon.
14. The illumination device according to claim 12, wherein a plurality of
parts of the PCB are
folded to complement each other without overlap and together assemble to form
one
face of the three-dimensional shape.
15. The illumination device according to claim 13, wherein at least one of the
plurality of
parts of the PCB comprises one of the plurality of LEDs.
16. The illumination device according to claim 10, wherein at least one of the
plurality of
faces complementarily engaged with the internal components of the electrical
connector
also electronically engages with internal components of the electrical
connector.
17. The illumination device according to claim 10, wherein the at least three
of the plurality of
faces mechanically engage with and are secured to the internal components of
the
electrical connector.
18. The illumination device according to claim 16, wherein the mechanical
engagement is
further secured with adhesive.
19. The illumination device according to claim 4, wherein three or more angles
between any
pair of adjacent faces are the same.
20. The illumination device according to claim 4, wherein the polyhedron shape
comprises at
least four faces.

46


21. The illumination device according to claim 19, wherein the polyhedron
shape comprises
eleven faces.
22. The illumination device according to claim 4, wherein the polyhedron shape
is chosen
from the group consisting of a Platonic solid and an irregular polyhedron.
23. The illumination device according to claim 14, further comprising an
additional non-
conductive plate shaped and dimensioned to the assembled face, the plate
adhered to
the parts of the assembled face and comprising one or more holes configured to
accept
the one or more LEDs therethrough.
24. The illumination device according to claim 22, wherein the assembled face
comprises an
outer face and a corresponding inner face, the plate being adhered to the
inner face.
25. The illumination device according to claim 22, wherein the plate consists
of non-
energized PCB material.
26. The illumination device according to claim 9, wherein one of the first or
second set of
edge teeth comprises on either side a milled or drilled portion comprising a
cut into the
perimeter of the PCB at ninety degrees to the perimeter for at least the
thickness of the
PCB, the cut then extending ninety degrees parallel to the perimeter at a
width of the
other of the second or first set of edge teeth, the cut then returning to the
perimeter of the
PCB at ninety degrees.
27. The illumination device according to claim 25, further comprising milled
or drilled spaces
cut out of the PCB at the right angle junctions formed therein.
28. The illumination device according to claim 1, comprising at least one LED
on at least one
face of the PCB.
29. The illumination device according to claim 20, comprising three LEDs on
each face of the
47


PCB.
30. The illumination device according to claim 11, wherein the light fitting
is an Edison screw
and the illumination device is sized to be 3 inches wide at its widest point,
and 3 inches
in length from the PCB to the end of the fitting, the Edison screw having a
base of 1 inch
in diameter.
31. The illumination device according to claim 29 weighing 85 g.
32. The illumination device according to claim 1, further comprising a
temperature sensor
electronically connected to the driver circuit and configured to sense a
temperature
condition within the three-dimensional shape.
33. The illumination device according to claim 1, further comprising a pulse-
width modulation
controller IC electronically connected to the driver circuit for regulating
current to the
plurality of LEDs.
34. A heat dissipation system in an illumination device, comprising:
a structural shell comprising a thermally conductive PCB folded into a three-
dimensional shape, the shape comprising a plurality of faces joined together
forming
a threaded socket opening; and
an electrical connector joined to the threaded socket opening to close the
socket opening, the electrical connector for removably coupling the
illumination
device to a power source,
the thermally conductive PCB comprising:
a plurality of LEDs mounted electronically thereon, each of the plurality of
LEDs
generating heat and electronically connected to one of the plurality of faces;
and
a driver circuit, the driver circuit electronically coupled to the electrical
connector,
48


wherein heat generated from the plurality of LEDs is partially dissipated
inward by
conduction via the thermally conductive PCB and outward to the environment by
convection.
35. The heat dissipation system according to claim 34, wherein each of the
plurality of faces
comprises an outer face and a corresponding inner face, the thermally
conductive PCB
comprising at least three layers, including at least one outer non-conductive
layer and at
least one internal conductive layer, the internal conductive layer conducting
the heat from
the plurality of LEDs throughout the PCB.
36. The heat dissipation system according to claim 35, further comprising a
plurality pairs of
exposed pads, each of the plurality of pairs of exposed pads being located
adjacent one
of the plurality of LEDs and being thermally joined to the internal conductive
layer and
inner face.
37. The heat dissipation system according to claim 36, wherein each of the
plurality of LEDs
comprises a heat pad for conducting heat away from the LED, each heat pad
being in
contact with a heat sink, each heat sink coupled to each of the plurality of
pairs of
exposed pads.
38. The heat dissipation system according to claim 37, wherein each heat sink
comprises
metal chosen from the group consisting of copper and aluminum.
39. The heat dissipation system according to claim 37, wherein each heat sink
is coupled to
the heat pad of each of the plurality of LEDs with heat conductive silicone or
solder.

49


40. The heat dissipation system according to claim 37, wherein each heat sink
is coupled to
each of the plurality of pairs of exposed pads with heat conductive silicone
or solder.
41. The heat dissipation system according to claim 37, wherein each heat sink
comprises:
connecting portions, for contacting the heat sink to each of the plurality of
pairs of
exposed pads;
a contacting portion, for contacting the heat sink to the heat pad; and
joining portions, for joining the contacting portion to the two connecting
portions;
each of the connecting portions, contacting portion and joining portions being
thermally
conductive to partially dissipate heat from the heat pad to each of the
plurality of pairs of
exposed pads, the exposed pads further partially conducting heat to the
internal
conductive layer, the internal conductive layer further partially dissipating
the heat
outward to the environment.
42. The heat dissipation system according to claim 41, wherein the connecting
portions,
contacting portion and joining portions of each heat sink consist of one piece
of stamped
metal.
43. The heat dissipation system according to claim 41, wherein the connecting
portions are
the same width as the joining portions.
44. The heat dissipation system according to claim 41, wherein the width of
the connecting
portions is bigger than the width of the joining portions.
45. The heat dissipation system according to claim 41, wherein one or more of
the
connecting portions, contacting portion and joining portions are fin-shaped to
provide
additional surface area to each heat sink for heat dissipation.
46. The heat dissipation system according to claim 34, further comprising a
plurality of


spaces in at least part of a perimeter of the thermally conductive PCB to
further allow
heat to dissipate from within the three-dimensional shape to the environment.
47. The heat dissipation system according to claim 34, further comprising a
plurality of
ventilation spaces in the thermally conductive PCB to further allow heat to
dissipate from
inside the three-dimensional shape to the environment, each of the plurality
of ventilation
spaces sized to prevent insertion of a probe of at least 2 mm in diameter.
48. The heat dissipation system according to claim 47, wherein each of the
plurality of faces
comprises a plurality of ventilation spaces, each of the plurality of
ventilation spaces
having a diameter of 8 mm or less.
49. The heat dissipation system according to claim 47, wherein each of the
plurality of
ventilation space is located proximate an LED.
50. The heat dissipation system according to claim 34, wherein the temperature
of each of
the plurality of LEDs does not exceed 90 degrees Celcius when the illumination
device is
energized at ambient conditions.
51. The heat dissipation system according to claim 50, wherein the temperature
of each of
the plurality of LEDs does not exceed 70 degrees Celcius when the illumination
device is
energized at ambient conditions.
52. The heat dissipation system according to claim 35, wherein both inner and
outer faces
are coated in non-conductive black paint.
53. The heat dissipation system according to claim 35, wherein the inner face
is coated in
non-conductive black paint and the outer face is coated in non-conductive
white paint.
54. The heat dissipation system according to claim 34, further comprising a
power supply,
the power supply configured to provide 4 W of power to the plurality of LEDs,
the power

51


supply being 95% efficient, 5% being lost as heat from the power supply, the
lost heat
being dissipated by the thermally conductive PCB.
55. The heat dissipation system according to claim 54, wherein the power from
the power
supply drives each of the plurality of LEDs, each of the plurality of LEDs
being 30%
efficient, 70% being lost as heat, at least a portion of the lost heat from
each of the
plurality of LEDs being dissipated inward via the thermally conductive PCB and
outward
to the environment.
56. The heat dissipation system according to claim 34, further comprising a
temperature
sensor electronically connected to the driver circuit and configured to sense
a
temperature condition within the three-dimensional shape.
57. The heat dissipation system according to claim 56, wherein the sensed
temperature
condition is at least 90 degrees C over a period of 10 seconds.
58. The heat dissipation system according to claim 56, wherein sensing the
temperature
condition causes the driver circuit to lower current in the illumination
device to prevent
circuit failure.
59. The heat dissipation system according to claim 56, wherein current in the
illumination
device is configured to be lowered by almost six times when the temperature
condition is
sensed.
60. The heat dissipation system according to claim 56 wherein sensing the
temperature
condition causes the driver circuit to stop current in the illumination device
to prevent
circuit failure.
61. The heat dissipation system according to claim 57, wherein 6 W of heat is
generated by
the illumination device and dissipated to the environment.

52


62. The heat dissipation system according to claim 34, configured to dissipate
excess heat
generated by the illumination device without requiring an externally visible
heat sink.
63. A PCB configured to be assembled into the illumination device of claim 1,
the illumination
device having the three-dimensional shape and connected to the electrical
connector,
the PCB comprising:
at least three layers, comprising one outer non-conductive layer and at least
one
internal conductive layer;
a plurality of holes in the PCB;
a plurality of LEDs mounted on the PCB, each of the plurality of holes sized
to
complementarily fit each of the plurality of LEDs;
a plurality of exposed pads, each of the plurality of exposed pads thermally
joined
to the at least one internal conductive layer;
a plurality of bending lines precut partially through the one outer non-
conductive
layer;
a plurality of threaded edges forming the threaded socket opening when folded
along the plurality of bending lines;
each of the plurality of LEDs protruding out the outer non-conductive layer
and
electronically connected to a pair of the plurality of exposed pads; and
the driver circuit electronically disposed on the at least one internal
conductive layer and
connected to each of the plurality of LEDs, the driver circuit configured to
convert an
incoming voltage to a lower voltage sufficient to drive each of the plurality
of LEDs.
64. The PCB according to claim 63, further comprising a temperature sensor
electronically
53


connected to the circuit and configured for lowering the circuit current on
the occurrence
of a sensed temperature condition to prevent circuit failure.
65. The PCB according to claim 63, further comprising a pulse-width modulation
controller IC
electronically connected to the circuit for regulating current to the
plurality of LEDs.
66. The PCB according to claim 63, comprising interlocking complementary edge
teeth along
a plurality of sides of the PCB perimeter.
67. The PCB according to claim 66, the PCB shaped as a flat, unfolded
polyhedron.
68. The PCB according to claim 67, wherein the unfolded polyhedron is
configured to be
shaped into a folded dodecahedron comprising eleven PCB faces and one open
face.
69. The PCB according to claim 68, wherein the plurality of bending lines is
at a sufficient
depth to allow partial bending of the PCB at one or more angles along the
plurality of
bending lines so as to facilitate folding of the PCB into a polyhedron shape,
folded close,
while maintaining the integrity of the at least one internal conductive layer.
70. The PCB according to claim 69, comprising fifteen shapes defined by the
plurality of
bending lines, five of the shapes having five sides each, five of the shapes
having six
sides each and the remaining five shapes having at least three sides each,
wherein:
the first, third, fifth, seventh and ninth shapes each have five sides and are
of the same
general dimensions;
the second, fourth, sixth, eight and tenth shapes each have six sides and are
of the
same general dimensions;
the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth shapes each have a
geometry
configured to together form an assembled sixteenth shape, the assembled
sixteenth

54


shape being of the same general dimensions as the first, third, fifth, seventh
and ninth
shapes;
the first five-sided shape has a common side with a side of the second six-
sided shape;
the second six-sided shape has a common side with a side of the third five-
sided shape,
the two common sides of the second six-sided shape being adjacent sides;
the third five-sided shape has a common side with a side of the fourth six-
sided shape,
the two common sides of the third five-sided shape being adjacent sides
without
overlapping any shape,
the fourth six-sided shape has a common side with a side of the fifth five-
sided shape,
the two common sides of the fourth six-sided shape being adjacent sides
without
overlapping any shape,
the fifth five-sided shape has a common side with a side of the sixth six-
sided shape, the
two common sides of the fifth five-sided shape being adjacent sides without
overlapping
any shape,
the sixth six-sided shape has a common side with a side of the seventh five-
sided shape,
the two common sides of the sixth six-sided shape being adjacent sides without

overlapping any shape,
the seventh five-sided shape has a common side with a side of the eighth six-
sided
shape, the two common sides of the seventh five-sided shape being adjacent
sides
without overlapping any shape,
the eighth six-sided shape has a common side with a side of the ninth five-
sided shape,


the two common sides of the eighth six-sided shape being adjacent sides
without
overlapping any shape,
the ninth five-sided shape has a common side with a side of the tenth six-
sided shape,
the two common sides of the ninth five-sided shape being adjacent sides
without
overlapping any shape,
the first, third, fifth, seventh and ninth shapes each having a common side
with a
respective side of the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth
shapes
without overlapping any shape, and
the second, fourth, sixth, eight and tenth shapes each having a tail extending
from one
side in the same direction without overlapping any shape, each tail having one
side being
an extension of one side of each of the second, fourth, sixth, eight and tenth
shapes and
a shorter sixth side extending outward without overlapping any shape;
each tail having fitting teeth protruding from each of the sixth sides.
71. A PCB template configured to be assembled into a three-dimensional shape
having a
plurality of faces joined together forming a threaded socket opening, the
shape
connected to a power source by a connector which closes the threaded socket
opening,
the PCB template comprising:
at least three layers, comprising one outer non-conductive layer and at least
one internal
conductive layer;
a plurality of holes drilled or milled through the PCB template;
a plurality of LEDs mounted on the PCB template, each of the plurality of
holes sized to
complementarily fit each of the plurality of LEDs;

56


a plurality of exposed pads, each of the plurality of exposed pads thermally
joined to the
at least one internal conductive layer;
a plurality of bending lines cut partially through the one outer non-
conductive
layer;
a plurality of threaded edges forming the threaded socket opening when folded
along the plurality of bending lines;
each of the plurality of LEDs protruding out the outer non-conductive layer
and
electronically connected to at least one of the plurality of exposed pads; and
a driver circuit electronically disposed on the at least one inner conductive
layer and
connected to each LED, the driver circuit configured to convert an incoming
voltage to a
lower voltage sufficient to drive the plurality of LEDs.
72. The PCB template according to claim 71, wherein the shape is chosen from
the group
consisting of recognizable shapes and abstract shapes.
73. A method of assembling the PCB template according to claim 71, comprising:
folding a common side of a twelfth shape and a third five-sided shape to an
angle of 117
degrees between the two shapes;
folding a respective common sides of a ninth and a tenth shape, an eighth and
the ninth
shape, a seventh and the eighth shape, a sixth and a seventh shape, a fifth
and the sixth
shape, a fourth and the fifth shape, a third and the fourth shape, and a
second and the
third shape, each at an angle of 117 degrees between the respective two
shapes;

57


aligning and interlocking edge teeth of respective complementary sides of the
eighth to
the tenth shape, the sixth to the eighth shape, the fourth to the sixth shape,
the second to
the fourth shape, the tenth to the second shape, the seventh to the ninth
shape, the fifth
to the seventh shape, and the third to the fifth shape;
providing and coupling a connector to the threaded socket opening formed by
the fitting
teeth on the tails of the second, fourth, sixth, eight and tenth shapes;
folding the respective common sides of the fifth and thirteenth shape, seventh
and
fourteenth shape, and ninth and fifteenth shape, each at an angle of 117
degrees
between the respective two shapes;
folding the common side of the first and second shape;
aligning and interlocking the edge teeth of respective complementary sides of
a first side
of the first to the third shape, the ninth to a second side of the first shape
and the tenth to
a third side of the first shape; and folding the common side of the first and
eleventh
shape.
74. The method of claim 73, further comprising:
providing a non-energized PCB having the same general dimension as the first,
third,
fifth, seventh and ninth shapes;
before the step of folding the common side of the twelfth shape and the third
five-sided
shape, adhering the non-energized PCB to the twelfth shape with a side of the
non-
energized PCB aligned with the common side of the twelfth shape and the third
five-
sided shape;
before folding the common side of the first and second shape, adhering the
other side of
the non-energized PCB to the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth shapes; and

58


after folding the common side of the first and eleventh shape, adhering the
other side of
the non-energized PCB to the eleventh shape to complete the assembled
sixteenth
shape.
75. An illumination device, comprising:
a structural shell comprising a PCB folded into a three-dimensional shape, the
shape
comprising a plurality of faces joined together forming a threaded opening and

comprising a plurality of LEDs mounted electronically thereon, each of the
plurality of
LEDs electronically connected to the shell and a driver circuit;
an electrical connector joined to the shell, the electrical connector for
removably coupling
the illumination device to a power source, the driver circuit electronically
coupled to the
electrical connector, the electrical connector received in said threaded
opening to close
the structural shell and
a power supply electronically connected to the driver circuit and configured
to provide
power to the plurality of LEDs,
wherein the illumination device is configured to yield light output ranging
from at least
1,200 to at least 1,800 lumens.
76. The illumination device according to claim 75, wherein the power provided
to the
illumination device ranges from 10 W to 12 W.
77. The illumination device according to claim 76, wherein the power is 10 W
and the light
output is at least 1,200 lumens.
78. The illumination device according to claim 76, wherein the power is 12 W
and the light
output is at least 1,600 lumens.

59


79. The illumination device according to claim 76, wherein the power is 12 W
and the light
output is at least 1,800 lumens.
80. The illumination device according to claim 75, wherein each of the
plurality of LEDs is
rated for 350 mA of current.
81. The illumination device according to claim 75, wherein the same or less
than the rated
current is provided to each of the plurality of LEDs.
82. The illumination device according to claim 78, wherein a fifth to a half
of the rated current
is provided to each of the plurality of LEDs.
83. The illumination device according to claim 75, comprising eleven to fifty-
five LEDs.
84. The illumination device according to claim 75, wherein the shell comprises
a plurality of
faces and an open end, and one to five LEDs coupled to each of the plurality
of faces.
85. The illumination device according to claim 84, wherein each LED is
configured to yield
from 22-164 lumens.
86. The illumination device according to claim 75, having a color rendering
index of at least
70.
87. The illumination device according to claim 75, having a correlated color
temperature in
the range of 2700 -6000K.
88. The illumination device according to claim 75, wherein each of the
plurality of LEDs has
a rated lifetime of at least 30,000 hours.
89. The illumination device according to claim 75, wherein each of the
plurality of LEDs
comprises a package having a silver reflective base.



90. The illumination device according to claim 75, having a total weight of
100 grams.
91. The illumination device according to claim 75, wherein the light output is
ominidirectional.
92.A method of optimizing the efficiency of an omnidirectional illumination
device,
comprising:
a) providing a structural shell, the shell having a plurality of folded sides
joined together
forming a threaded opening, each side facing a different direction; an
electrical connector
joined to the threaded opening to close the threaded opening,
b) providing a plurality of LEDs, at least one of the plurality of LEDs being
electronically
mounted on each of the plurality of sides, each of the plurality of LEDs being
rated at an
LED current;
c) providing a driver circuit electronically connected to the plurality of
LEDs;
d) providing a power supply electronically connected to the driver circuit and
configured
to provide power to the plurality of LEDs, the power supply being 95%
efficient; and
e) driving each of the plurality of LEDs at a driving current, the driving
current being less
than or equal to the rated current, the illumination device configured to
yield light output
of between 1,200 to 1,800 lumens.

61

Description

Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.


CA 02838641 2014-01-10
LED LIGHT
Technical Field
[001] The present invention generally relates to an LED (light emitting diode)

illumination device, and more particularly, to a light bulb which is
fabricated by
folding a two-dimensional printed circuit board (PCB) with LEDs mounted
thereon
into a three-dimensional structure. The three dimensional structure is
configured
to fit into a standard light fitting.
Background of the Invention
[002] LED lighting has gradually gained traction in a market once dominated by

traditional lighting products such as incandescent light bulbs due to several
advantages, including lower energy consumption and higher brightness. The
development of LED lighting technology still has challenges, including energy
consumption and heat dissipation.
[003] Many LED lights are disclosed in the prior art. For example, Chinese
Patent
Publication No. 101749675A and United Kingdom Patent Publication No.
2467027 disclose an LED light assembly which includes a plurality of LED PCBs,

with each PCB having at least one LED bulb and electrical connector pads
configured at each opposite end of the boards. At least one electrical
connector
is configured to connect one end of a first PCB to an end of a second PCB such

that the first and second PCBs are electrically connected to each other. This
type of assembly is placed in structures which connect to lighting fixtures
designed for conventional fluorescent lighting. The publications disclose that
a
plurality of LEDs can be mounted on a PCB, and multiple PCBs can be joined by
connectors to form an LED light. This is a change from traditional lighting
assemblies. Mass production of this kind of LED light is difficult due to its
costly
manufacturing processes and assembly.
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CA 02838641 2014-08-06
[004] Chinese Patent Publication No. 102506338A discloses an LED strip which
comprises a PCB and a plurality of LEDs mounted on the PCB; a heat sink
mounted on the back of the PCB; and a heat conductive adhesive disposed
between the PCB and the heat sink fin. Fins protrude from the heat sink. The
publication discloses how to mount an LED on a PCB with a heat sink and
radiating fins to form a striped LED lamp. The heat dissipation
characteristics
were not disclosed and so the efficiency of the system is unknown.
[005] Underutilizing the maximum rated drive current of an LED is referred to
as
underdriving the current. For example, an LED which has a normal power
consumption of 1 watt (W) may yield 120 lumens. If less current is driven
through
the same circuit, the power used by the LED as well as the lumen output will
be
reduced. As current is decreased, power will decrease faster than lumen
output.
For example, the same LED operated at half power or 0.5 W may produce 70
lumens. Therefore, this known technique, yields a better electricity to light
output
conversion efficiency. More LEDs need to be added to the circuit in order to
achieve the desired lumen output. Underdriving the LEDs does not use LEDs to
their maximum lumen potential. As such, while less power will be required to
achieve the same lumen output, the light will employ more LEDs, which is more
expensive. Because of the higher operating efficiency of the individual LEDs,
the
total amount of heat dissipated is reduced.
[006] Overutilizing the maximum rated drive current of an LED is referred to
as
overdriving the current. Most prior art LED lighting overdrives the LEDs which

requires less LEDs per light and increases heat dissipation challenges, which
are
resolved with fans and complex heat fin systems. Significantly, overdriving
LEDs
reduces the luminous efficacy or efficiency of the light, measured as lumens
per
watt (Im/W), since a higher current is driven through an LED which is rated
for a
relatively lower normal rating. Furthermore, overdriving the LEDs will reduce
their
useful operating life, sometimes significantly if heat dissipation is not
accordingly
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CA 02838641 2014-01-10
enhanced.
[007] Generally most indoor and task lighting has a Correlated Color
Temperature
(CCT) in the range of 2,700-4,000 K and a Color Rendering Index (CRI) of at
least 70 or higher. A traditional incandescent 100W A19 light bulb in this
color
temperature range produces about 1,600 lumens of light, with an efficiency of
16
lm/W. Compact fluorescent lights (CFL) which produce the same amount of light
yield at about 66 lm/W. Equivalent prior art LED lights yield about 70 to 80
lm/W.
[008] Governments are incentivizing the development of more efficient lighting

solutions. In 2011, the United States Department of Energy awarded the L
Prize(TM) for a very efficient 60 W replacement LED light to Philips Lighting
North America. The Philips award-winning LED light consumes 9.7 W and has a
light output of 910 lumens and color temperature of 2,727 K, yielding an
efficiency of about 94 'al/W. That light bulb has been discontinued from the
market and replaced with lower efficiency variants. By the end of 2014, the
Government of Canada will have banned sales of most standard incandescent
light bulbs in favour of more efficient lighting.
[009] Manufacturers have experienced much difficulty in improving the
efficiency of
100 W replacement LED bulbs, in part due to the heat dissipation problems. In
2011, Osram Sylvania announced a laboratory result for a 100 W replacement
LED light achieving 1,500 lumens with 14 W, yielding 107 Im/W in the color
temperature range of 2,700 K.
[010] There is a need for a more efficient light with acceptable CCT and CRI
and
having at least a 1,600 lumen output. There is also a need to improve LED
lighting to provide more efficient lighting and better heat dissipation
characteristics to minimize energy consumption.
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CA 02838641 2014-01-10
Summary of the Invention
[011] An LED light is provided which comprises a structural shell made of a
PCB which
is folded into a three-dimensional shape. The folded PCB has a plurality of
outer
faces, a plurality of corresponding inner faces and an open end configured to
accept a light fitting. The light fitting is joined to the folded PCB at the
open end
and is configured to removably couple the light to a light fixture. A
plurality of
LEDs is mounted electronically on the PCB, each one through a hole in the PCB.

Each LED is connected to a driver circuit on the inner face of the PCB and
protrudes through the outer face of the PCB. The driver circuit provides power
to
each LED and is electronically coupled to the light fitting.
[012] The LED light has a generally closed three-dimensional shape which
permits
heat to dissipate from inside the shape through the PCB.
[013] Each of the faces of the PCB comprises an outer face and a corresponding
inner
face, the PCB comprising at least three layers, including at least one outer
non-
conductive layer and at least one internal conductive layer.
[014] A plurality of bending lines is cut partially, but not all the way,
through the at least
one outer non-conductive layer of the PCB, at a sufficient depth to allow
partial
bending of the PCB at one or more angles along the bending lines so as to
facilitate folding of the PCB into a generally polyhedron shape, while
maintaining
the integrity of the at least one internal conductive layer. In one
embodiment, at
least one internal conductive layer of the PCB is copper. The bending lines
are
precut by a laser-cutting apparatus such as those known in the art.
[015] Depending on the form of the polyhedron shape, one or more angles
between
two adjacent shapes is within the range of 1 to 90 degrees. In one embodiment,

where the PCB has eleven sides and one open end, the one or more angles is
about 63 degrees.
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CA 02838641 2014-01-10
[016] To facilitate assembly, at least part of a perimeter of the PCB is
shaped to
interlock adjacent faces to each other. In one embodiment, a first outer face
has
a first set of edge teeth, and at least part of the perimeter of a second
outer face
has a second set of edge teeth, the first and second outer faces being
adjacent
to each other, the second set of edge teeth being complementary to the first
set
of edge teeth.
[017] Furthermore, in order to facilitate connection of the PCB to the light
fitting, the
light fitting is engagingly connected to at least part of a perimeter of the
plurality
of faces of the PCB, the part having a third set of edge teeth to
complementarily
engage internal components of the light fitting. Various light fittings can be

connected to the assembled PCB template, such as a standard Edison fitting,
bayonet mount or wedge base.
[018] In some embodiments, one or more of the faces of the three-dimensional
shape
is a polygon chosen from the group consisting of a triangle, a quadrilateral,
a
pentagon and a hexagon. In other embodiments, one face of the three-
dimensional shape comprises several parts of the PCB folded to complement
each other without overlap and together form the one assembled outer face.
[019] In some embodiments, all parts of the PCB comprise at least one LED. In
other
embodiments, at least one, but not all of the several parts of the PCB
comprises
an LED.
[020] At least one of the several faces electronically engages with internal
components
of the light fitting. At least three of the several faces mechanically engage
with
and are secured to the internal components of the light fitting. The
mechanical
engagement can further be secured with adhesive applied to at least one of the

faces and the light fitting.

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
[021] In some embodiments, three or more angles between the faces are about
the
same.
[022] The polyhedron shape comprises at least four faces and an open end. In
some
embodiments, the polyhedron has up to twenty faces and an open end. In other
embodiments, the polyhedron has eleven faces and an open end. Some
polyhedron shapes of the present invention are Platonic solids, whereas others

are irregular polyhedrons.
[023] In one embodiment, an additional non-conductive plate, such as a non-
energized
PCB, is shaped and dimensioned to the one assembled outer face, the plate is
adhered to the parts of the one assembled outer face and comprises one or more

holes configured to accept the one or more LEDs therethrough. The one
assembled outer face comprises an outer face and a corresponding inner face,
the plate being adhered to the inner face.
[024] In certain embodiments, one of the first or second set of edge teeth
comprises a
groove, the groove comprising a cut into the perimeter of the PCB at about
ninety
degrees to the perimeter for at least about the thickness of the PCB, the cut
then
extending about ninety degrees parallel to the perimeter at about a width of
the
other of the second or first set of edge teeth, the cut then returning to the
perimeter of the PCB at about ninety degrees. Optionally, there is at least
one
ventilation space cut out of the PCB at about the right angle junctions formed

therein.
[025] Some lights of the present invention comprise one LED on at least two
faces, two
LEDs per face, three LEDs per face, four LEDs per face, five LEDs per face or
a
combination of one, two, three, four or five LEDs per face. The folded 3-D
shape
has a plurality of faces.
[026] In one embodiment, the light fitting is an Edison screw and the light is
sized to be
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CA 02838641 2014-08-06
about 3 inches wide at its widest point and about 4.3 inches in length from
the
PCB to the end of the fitting, the Edison screw having a base of about 1 inch
in
diameter. This particular light weighs about 85 g.
[027] Optionally, the LED light comprises a temperature sensor electronically
connected to the driver circuit and configured to sense a temperature
condition
within the three-dimensional shape upon which the driver circuit lowers the
current of the circuit to prevent circuit or LED overheating and failure.
[028] The LED light further comprises a pulse-width modulation controller IC
electronically connected to the driver circuit for regulating current to the
plurality
of LEDs.
[029] In addition, there is provided a heat dissipation system in an LED
light,
comprising a structural shell comprising a PCB folded into a three-dimensional

shape, the shape comprising several faces and one open end configured to
accept a light fitting and a light fitting joined to the open end, the light
fitting for
removably coupling the light to a light fixture. The PCB comprises several
LEDs
mounted electronically thereon, each of the LEDs mounted through a hole in the

PCB and electronically connected to a face and a driver circuit, the driver
circuit
electronically coupled to the light fitting. Heat generated from the powered
LEDs
is partially dissipated inward by conduction to the PCB and outward to the
environment by convection.
[030] Each of the faces comprises an outer face and a corresponding inner
face. The
PCB comprises at least three layers, including at least one outer non-
conductive
layer and at least one internal conductive layer, the internal conductive
layer
conducting the heat from the LEDs throughout the PCB. For example, the PCB
can comprise an internal conductive copper layer sandwiched between outer and
internal non-conductive fibreglass layers. In addition, paint can be applied
to
each of the external and internal fibreglass layers. Component markings can be
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CA 02838641 2014-01-10
applied to the internal paint layer. A design or other etching can be applied
to the
external paint layer.
[031] In one embodiment, the heat dissipation system further comprises several
heat-
conductive components, each of the conductive components thermally joined to
the internal conductive layer and inner face.
[032] In another embodiment, the heat dissipation system further comprises
several
heat sinks, each of the heat sinks being in contact with a heat pad of each of
the
LEDs and coupled to at least one conductive component. Each heat sink
comprises metal chosen from the group consisting of copper and aluminum.
Each heat sink is coupled to the heat pad of each LED with heat conductive
silicone or solder.
Furthermore, each heat sink is coupled to at least one
conductive component with heat conductive silicone or solder.
[033] In one embodiment, each of the heat sinks comprises two connecting
portions,
for contacting the heat sink to the exposed pads, a contacting portion for
contacting the heat sink to a heat pad of each LED and two joining portions,
for
joining the contacting portion to the connecting portions. Each of the two
connecting portions, contacting portion and two joining portions are thermally

conductive to partially dissipate heat from the heat pad to the exposed pads,
the
two exposed pads further partially conducting heat to the internal conductive
layer, the internal conductive layer further partially dissipating the heat
outward to
the environment. In one embodiment, the connecting portions, contacting
portion
and joining portions of each of the heat sinks consist of one piece of stamped

metal.
[034] The connecting portions are about the same width as the joining portions
in some
embodiments, while in others, the connecting portions have a bigger width than

the width of the joining portions. In other embodiments, one or more of the
connecting portions, contacting portion and joining portions are fin-shaped to
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CA 02838641 2014-08-06
provide additional surface area for each heat sink.
[035] Optionally, the heat dissipation system further comprises several spaces
shaped
in at least part of a perimeter of the PCB to further allow heat to dissipate
from
within the three-dimensional shape to the environment. Some of the spaces can
be ventilation spaces milled or drilled in the PCB to further allow heat to
dissipate
from inside the three-dimensional shape to the environment, each of the one or

more ventilation spaces sized to prevent insertion of a probe of at least 2 mm
in
diameter.
[036] There is further disclosed a PCB template configured to be assembled
into an
LED bulb, the bulb having a three-dimensional shape and connected to a light
fitting, the PCB template comprising at least three layers, comprising one
outer
non-conductive layer and at least one internal conductive layer, a plurality
of
holes in the PCB template, a plurality of LEDs mounted on the PCB template,
each of the plurality of holes sized to complementarily fit each of the
plurality of
LEDs, a plurality of exposed pads, each of the plurality of exposed pads
thermally joined to the at least one internal conductive layer, each of the
plurality
of LEDs protruding out the outer non-conductive layer and electronically
connected to a pair of the plurality of exposed pads, and a driver circuit
electronically disposed on the at least one inner conductive layer and
connected
to each of the plurality of LEDs, the driver circuit configured to convert an
incoming voltage to a lower voltage sufficient to drive each of the plurality
of
LEDs.
[037] The PCB template may further comprise a temperature sensor
electronically
connected to the circuit and configured for lowering the circuit current on
the
occurrence of a sensed temperature condition to prevent circuit failure.
[038] The PCB template may further comprise a pulse-width modulation
controller IC
electronically connected to the circuit for regulating current to the
plurality of
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CA 02838641 2014-01-10
LEDs.
[039] The PCB template comprises interlocking complementary edge teeth along a

plurality of sides of the template's perimeter. The template is shaped as a
flat,
unfolded polyhedron, such as an unfolded dodecahedron having eleven PCB
faces and one open face. A plurality of bending lines is precut partially, but
not
all the way, through the outer non-conductive layer of the PCB template, at a
sufficient depth to allow partial bending of the PCB template at one or more
angles along the plurality of bending lines so as to facilitate folding of the
PCB
template into a polyhedron shape, folded close, while maintaining the
integrity of
the at least one internal conductive layer.
[040] In one embodiment, the PCB template comprises fifteen shapes defined by
a
plurality of bending lines, five of the shapes having five sides each, five of
the
shapes having six sides each and the remaining five shapes having at least
three
sides each. The first, third, fifth, seventh and ninth shapes each have five
sides
and are of the same general dimensions The second, fourth, sixth, eight and
tenth shapes each have six sides and are of the same general dimensions. The
eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth shapes each have a
geometry configured to together form an assembled sixteenth shape, the
assembled sixteenth shape being of the same general dimensions as the first,
third, fifth, seventh and ninth shapes. The first five-sided shape has a
common
side with a side of the second six-sided shape. The second six-sided shape has

a common side with a side of the third five-sided shape, the two common sides
of
the second six-sided shape being adjacent sides. The third five-sided shape
has
a common side with a side of the fourth six-sided shape, the two common sides
of the third five-sided shape being adjacent sides without overlapping any
shape.
The fourth six-sided shape has a common side with a side of the fifth five-
sided
shape, the two common sides of the fourth six-sided shape being adjacent sides

without overlapping any shape. The fifth five-sided shape has a common side
with a side of the sixth six-sided shape, the two common sides of the fifth
five-

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
sided shape being adjacent sides without overlapping any shape. The sixth six-
sided shape has a common side with a side of the seventh five-sided shape, the

two common sides of the sixth six-sided shape being adjacent sides without
overlapping any shape. The seventh five-sided shape has a common side with a
side of the eighth six-sided shape, the two common sides of the seventh five-
sided shape being adjacent sides without overlapping any shape. The eighth six-

sided shape has a common side with a side of the ninth five-sided shape, the
two
common sides of the eighth six-sided shape being adjacent sides without
overlapping any shape. The ninth five-sided shape has a common side with a
side of the tenth six-sided shape, the two common sides of the ninth five-
sided
shape being adjacent sides without overlapping any shape. The first, third,
fifth,
seventh and ninth shapes each having a common side with a respective side of
the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth shapes without
overlapping any shape. Finally, the second, fourth, sixth, eight and tenth
shapes
each having a tail extending from one side in the same direction without
overlapping any shape, each tail having one side being an extension of one
side
of each of the second, fourth, sixth, eight and tenth shapes and a shorter
sixth
side extending outward without overlapping any shape. Each tail has fitting
teeth
protruding from each of the sixth sides.
[041] In another embodiment, a PCB template configured to be assembled into a
closed three-dimensional shape is described, wherein the shape is connected to

a power source, the PCB template comprising at least three layers, comprising
one outer non-conductive layer and at least one internal conductive layer, a
plurality of holes drilled or milled through the PCB template, a plurality of
LEDs
mounted on the PCB template, each of the plurality of holes sized to
complementarily fit each of the plurality of LEDs, a plurality of exposed
pads,
each of the plurality of exposed pads thermally joined to the at least one
internal
conductive layer, each of the plurality of LEDs protruding out the outer non-
conductive layer and electronically connected to at least one of the plurality
of
exposed pads, and a driver circuit electronically disposed on the at least one
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CA 02838641 2014-01-10
inner conductive layer and connected to each LED, the driver circuit
configured
to convert an incoming voltage to a lower voltage sufficient to drive the
plurality of
LEDs. The PCB template can have a shape such as recognizable shapes and
abstract shapes.
[042] A method of assembling a PCB template into an LED light is also
provided,
comprising folding the common side of the twelfth shape and the third five-
sided
shape to about an angle of 117 degrees between the two shapes, folding the
respective common sides of the ninth and ten shapes, eighth and ninth shapes,
seventh and eighth shapes, sixth and seventh shapes, fifth and sixth shapes,
fourth and fifth shapes, third and fourth shapes, and second and third shapes,

each at about an angle of 117 degrees between the respective two shapes,
aligning and interlocking the edge teeth of respective complementary sides of
the
eighth to the tenth shape, the sixth to the eighth shape, the fourth to the
sixth
shape, the second to the fourth shape, the tenth to the second shape, the
seventh to the ninth shape, the fifth to the seventh shape, and the third to
the fifth
shape, providing and coupling a light fitting to the fitting teeth on the
tails of the
second, fourth, sixth, eight and tenth shapes, folding the respective common
sides of the fifth and thirteenth shape, seventh and fourteenth shape, and
ninth
and fifteenth shape, each at about an angle of 117 degrees between the
respective two shapes, folding the common side of the first and second shape,
aligning and interlocking the edge teeth of respective complementary sides of
a
first side of the first to the third shape, the ninth to a second side of the
first
shape and the tenth to a third side of the first shape, and folding the common

side of the first and eleventh shape.
[043] The method can further comprise providing a non-energized PCB having the

same general dimension as the first, third, fifth, seventh and ninth shapes;
before
the step of folding the common side of the twelfth shape and the third five-
sided
shape, adhering the non-energized PCB to the twelfth shape with a side of the
non-energized PCB aligned with the common side of the twelfth shape and the
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CA 02838641 2014-08-06
third five-sided shape; before folding the common side of the first and second

shape, adhering the other side of the non-energized PCB to the thirteenth,
fourteenth and fifteenth shapes; and after folding the common side of the
first
and eleventh shape, adhering the other side of the non-energized PCB to the
eleventh shape to complete the assembled sixteenth shape.
[044] There is also provided an LED light, comprising a structural shell
comprising a
plurality of LEDs mounted electronically thereon, each of the plurality of
LEDs
electronically connected to the shell and a driver circuit, a light fitting
joined to the
shell, the light fitting for removably coupling the LED light to a light
fixture, the
driver circuit electronically coupled to the light fitting, and a power supply

electronically connected to the driver circuit and configured to provide power
to
the plurality of LEDs. The LED light is configured to yield light output
ranging
from at least 1,200 to at least 1,800 lumens. Power provided to the LED light
ranges from about 10 W to about 12 W. In certain embodiments, when the
power is about 10 W, the light output is at least 1,200 lumens. In other
embodiments, when the power is about 12 W, the light output is at least 1,600
lumens. In still other embodiments, when the power is about 12 W, the light
output is at least 1,800 lumens.
[045] In some embodiments, each of the plurality of LEDs is rated for about
350 mA of
current. In some embodiments, the same or less than the rated current is
provided to each of the plurality of LEDs. About one fifth to a half, and
preferably
about one third, of the rated current is provided to each of the plurality of
LEDs in
certain embodiments (ie: the LED's are underdriven).
[046] The LED light in some embodiments comprises eleven to fifty-five LEDs,
preferably thirty-three LEDs. The shell comprises a plurality of faces and an
open
end, and one to five LEDs, preferably three LEDs, coupled to each of the
plurality
of faces.
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CA 02838641 2014-01-10
[047] The LED light according some embodiments has a plurality of LEDs,
wherein
each LED yields from about 22 to about 164 lumens, preferably in the
approximate range of 36 to 55 lumens. In some embodiments, the LED light has
a color rendering index of at least 70. The LED light can have a correlated
color
temperature in the range of 2700 - 6000K.
[048] Each of the plurality of LEDs has a rated lifetime of at least 30,000
hours.
Furthermore, each of the plurality of LEDs comprises a package having a silver

reflective base.
[049] The LED light can have a total weight of about 85 -100 grams.
[050] The light from the LED light embodiments of the present invention is
ominidirectional, given the number of LEDs on multiple faces.
[051] A method of optimizing the efficiency of an omnidirectional LED light is
further
described, comprising providing a structural shell, the shell having a
plurality of
sides, each side facing a different direction; providing a plurality of LEDs,
at least
one of the plurality of LEDs being electronically mounted on each of the
plurality
of sides, each of the plurality of LEDs being rated at an LED current;
providing a
driver circuit electronically connected to the plurality of LEDs; providing a
power
supply electronically connected to the driver circuit and configured to
provide
power to the plurality of LEDs, the power supply being about 95% efficient;
and
driving each of the plurality of LEDs at a driving current, the driving
current being
less than or equal to the rated current; the LED light yielding light output
of
between about 1,200 to 1,800 lumens.
[052] According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of bending
lines are
pre-cut on the PCB for folding the PCB into a polyhedron typed PCB.
[053] According to another embodiment of the invention, a plurality of LEDs is
mounted
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CA 02838641 2014-08-06
on each face of the polyhedron typed PCB, in which the LEDs are electronically

connected with the PCB.
[054] According to another embodiment of the invention, said LED bulb further
comprises a plurality of heat sinks mounted on the back of the LEDs, which
conduct heat away from the LED and to the metallic surface of the PCB.
[055] According to another embodiment of the invention, said heat sink is made
of
metal which is glued on the PCB by using heat conductive silicone or solder.
[056] According to another embodiment of the invention, the PCB comprises a
plurality
of interlocking edges by which each face of the polyhedron can be locked to
form
the polyhedron typed LED bulb body.
[057] According to another embodiment of the invention, the inner and/or outer
layer of
the PCB is a metal layer.
[058] According to another embodiment of the invention, the LED bulb further
comprises a plurality of holes for air flowing between the inner and outer
spaces
of the LED bulb body.
[059] According to another embodiment of the invention, a thread is set on one
end of
the PCB so that after folding the PCB, the thread forms several teeth that
allow a
traditional lamp holder to be screwed on.
[060] According to another embodiment of the invention, the polyhedron is a
dodecahedron.
[061] Accordingly, the LED bulb of the invention is structurally different
from the LED
bulb of the prior art, because the LED bulb of the invention uses a whole PCB
with bending lines thereon to form a LED bulb body, and changes the
traditional

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
structure of the LED lamp. The LED bulb of the present invention is not easy
to
break, and would not result in harm to those who use it. Moreover, the LED
bulb
of the present invention is much more energy efficient and provides higher
brightness than traditional lamps.
[062] Each LED in the LED bulb of the present invention has a heat sink pad
which
cooperates with the metal layer of the PCB, preferably a copper layer, so that
the
heat dissipating therefrom is transferred from the LED chips to the metal
layer of
the PCB. This allows the PCB to act as a heat sink for the LEDs. This enables
heat dissipation which is better than that of other LED bulbs, which would
increase the lifetime of the LED bulb of the present invention.
[063] In addition, by virtue of the 3-D structure of the LED bulb, such as a
hendecahedron and a dodecahedron shape, the appearance of the LED bulb is
more attractive which may be distributed and accepted by the market soon. And
more important is that at least one LED is mounted on each face of the 3-D
structured polyhedron, which would render omnidirectional light-emitting from
the
LED bulb, thereby obtaining better illumination in a room or a house.
[064] The LED light of the present invention can be mass produced using known
PCB
fabrication methods.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[065] The features of the present invention, together with the advantages
thereof may
be best understood by reference to the following description taken in
conjunction
with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference signs identify like
elements, and wherein:
[066] Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the LED bulb according to one embodiment of
the
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CA 02838641 2014-08-06
present invention;
[067] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a two-dimensional PCB template, showing
the
bending lines according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[068] Fig. 3A is a schematic view of a first circuit of the driver circuit,
according to one
embodiment of the present invention;
[068.1] Fig. 3B is a schematic view of a second circuit of the driver circuit,
according to
one embodiment of the present invention;
[069] Figs. 4A-D are schematic side profile, perspective, bottom and top views
of the 3-
D shaped LED bulb, respectively, comprising three protruding LEDs and ten
ventilation spaces per face and an Edison screw fitting, according to one
embodiment of the present invention;
[070] Figs. 5A-D are schematic perspective, bottom, side and top views of the
3-D
shaped LED bulb, respectively, comprising three protruding LEDs per face and
an Edison screw fitting, according to another embodiment of the present
invention;
[071] Figs. 6A-D are schematic perspective, bottom, side and top views of the
3-D
shaped LED bulb, respectively, comprising an Edison screw fitting, according
to
another embodiment of the present invention;
[072] Figs 7A-D are schematic perspective, bottom, side and top views of the 3-
D
shaped LED bulb, respectively, comprising three LEDs per face and a bayonet
mount fitting, according to another embodiment of the present invention;
[073] Fig. 8A is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 20-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
17

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
[074] Fig. 8B is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 20-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[075] Fig. 80 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 12-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[075.1]Fig. 8D is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 12-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[076] Fig. 8E is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 8-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[076.1]Fig. 8F is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 8-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[077] Fig. 8G is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 6-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[077.1]Fig. 8H is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 6-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[078] Fig. 81 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 7-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per
side;
[078.1]Fig. 8J is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 7-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[079] Fig. 8K is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 11-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per
side;
17.1

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
[079.11Fig. 8L is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 11-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[080] Fig. 8M is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 9-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per
side;
[080.1]Fig. 8N is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 9-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[081] Fig. 80 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 7-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[081.1]Fig. 8P is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 7-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[082] Fig. 80 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 9-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per
side;
[082.1]Fig. 8R is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 9-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[083] Fig. 8S is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 11-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per
side;
[083.1]Fig. 8T is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 11-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[084] Fig. 8U is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 13-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per
side;
17.2

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
[084.1]Fig. 8V is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 13-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[085] Fig. 8W is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 13-sided PCB and fitting with three or four LEDs on
each
of seven sides;
[085.1]Fig. 8X is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 13-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs on each of
seven sides;
[086] Fig. 8Y is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 7-sided PCB and fitting with three or four LEDs on each
of
four sides;
[086.1]Fig. 8Z is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 7-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs on each of four

sides;
[087] Fig. 8AA is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 11-sided PCB and fitting with three or four LEDs on
each
of six sides;
[0871]Fig. 8BB is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 11-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs on each of
six
sides;
[088] Fig. 800 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 9-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs on each of five

sides;
18

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
[088.1]Fig. 8DD is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 9-sided PCB and fitting with four LEDs on each of five
sides;
[089] Fig. 8EE is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 13-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per
side;
[089.1]Fig. 8FF is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 13-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[090] Fig. 8GG is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 7-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[090.1]Fig. 8HH is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 7-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[091] Fig. 811 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 8-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[091.1]Fig. 8JJ is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 8-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[092] Fig. 8KK is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 16-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[092.1]Fig. 8LL is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 16-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[093] Fig. 8MM is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 11-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
19

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
[093.1]Fig. 8NN is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising an 11-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side,
similar to the embodiment of Figs. 7A-D but with a screw fitting;
[094] Fig. 800 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 6-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[094.1]Fig. 8PP is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 6-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[095] Fig. 800 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 4-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[095.1]Fig. 8RR is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 4-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[096] Fig. 8SS is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 5-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
[096.1]Fig. 8TT is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the
present
invention comprising a 5-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
[097] Fig. 9A is a schematic view of a heat sink with wide connecting
portions,
according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[098] Fig. 9B(i) is a schematic first view of a heat sink with narrow
connecting portions,
according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[098.1]Fig. 9B(ii) is a schematic second view of the heat sink of Fig. 9B(i);

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
[099] Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a two-dimensional PCB in a star
configuration,
according to another embodiment of the present invention;
[0100]Fig. 11 is a labelled interior view of the assembled two-dimensional PCB
and
components adjacent a ruler, according to one embodiment of the present
invention;
[0101] Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a non-energized template tool for
assembling the
three-dimensional bulb, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
[0102]Figs. 13A-13C are schematic views of assembly steps of the PCB template
of
Fig. 2 into the three-dimensional bulb, according to one embodiment of the
present invention; and
[0103]Fig. 14 is a schematic view of assembly steps of the PCB template of
Fig. 10 into
the three-dimensional bulb, according to another embodiment of the present
invention.
Detailed Description of the Invention
[0104]The following definitions are used herein:
[01051LED means a light emitting diode and includes suitable phosphor-based
white
LEDs, commercially available;
[0106]LED light means an illumination device comprising at least one LED,
which can
take the form of a light bulb or other device which emits light;
21

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
[0107] Light fixture means a standard size fixture for a lamp, wall, ceiling
or other fixture
into which can be inserted a standard incandescent, compact fluorescent, or
LED
light bulb, regardless of the type of fitting;
[0108] Polyhedron means a three-dimensional structure having a plurality of
generally
flat faces and straight edges, including the five Platonic solids
(tetrahedron, cube
or hexahedron, octahedron, dodecahedron and icosahedron), as well as
irregularly-shaped structures;
[0109] PCB means a printed circuit board comprising at least three layers,
including at
least one outer non-conductive layer and at least one internal conductive
layer,
the internal conductive layer having a dual function as a circuit and part of
a heat
dissipation system;
[0110]Fitting means the electrical connector component of a light bulb used to

removably connect the bulb to a light fixture, including the Edison screw, the

bayonet mount connector and the wedge base;
[0111] Heat sink means an energy exchanger which dissipates heat from an LED
into
the surrounding environment;
[0112]Bending line means a straight line cut into at least part of a PCB to
allow the PCB
to be folded without breaking.
[0113]The structure of the light of the invention is explained in detail with
reference to
the accompanying drawings. The description and explanatory embodiments
herein are merely used to set forth the present invention, and not to limit
the
invention.
[0114]According to the present invention, an LED bulb is provided which is an
energy
efficient and mercury free alternative to incandescent, compact fluorescent
and
22

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
currently available LED light options.
[0115]The design concept of the invention is to employ a two-dimensional PCB
which is
folded into a three-dimensional shaped polyhedron structure along a plurality
of
bending lines cut thereon, the LEDs electronically connected to a pre-designed

driver circuit and thermally connected to a plurality of heat sinks mounted on
the
PCB, so as to provide omnidirectional light. This design is configured to
couple
with a standard light fitting and therefore can be used with existing light
fixtures,
including lamps. The polyhedron described herein can include numerous sides,
including polyhedrons with as few as four sides (tetrahedron) and as many as
twenty sides (icosahedron) or more. In the disclosed embodiments, the folded
PCB is configured to couple with a standard light fitting, so as to replace
known
incandescent, CFL or LED light bulbs. In many of these embodiments, the folded

PCB takes a shape close to that of a known light bulb such as an A19 bulb.
[0116] It is further contemplated that the PCB of the present invention can be
folded into
other 3-D shapes. In this case, the disclosed power supply could be connected
to a light fitting (for coupling to a lamp, for example) or another power
source
such as a battery or electrical connector, known in the art. In this manner,
the
PCB of the present invention can be folded along precut bending lines to adopt

recognizable shapes, such as the shape of a cat, vehicle, the sun, letters,
numbers, other symbols, etc. In addition, the folded shape can be a non-
recognizable shape, such as an abstract shape. The PCB board and teaching
disclosed herein can be combined with knowledge of origami, for example, to
design and produce a variety of 3-D shapes, having both functional and
artistic
characteristics. In this broader context, the LED light which comprises a PCB
as
disclosed herein can be a non-traditional illumination device, in addition to
a
traditional light bulb illumination device.
[0117]As shown in Fig. 1, an LED light 100 of the present invention comprises
an LED
bulb body 101 or structural shell, a plurality of LEDs 110, and a driver
circuit 102.
23

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
The structural shell 101 is a two-dimensional (2-D) PCB which is folded into a

three-dimensional (3-D) shape.
[0118] Fig. 2 shows the design and structure of one embodiment of a 2-D PCB of
the
present invention, which has fifteen individual parts or shapes, S1-S15.
Shapes
S1, S3, S5, S7 and S9 are generally pentagonal, wherein each side is about the

same length. Shapes S2, S4, S6, S8 and S10 have a mostly pentagonal shape
with their upper tails extending to make generally six-sided shapes, the tails

being shaped to couple to a light fitting as further explained below. Shapes
S11,
S12, S13, S14 and S15 each extend respectively from one side of shapes S1,
S3, S5, S7 and S9 and have at least 3 sides each. The embodiment of Fig. 2 is
a
template of an 11-sided PCB, wherein the upper five sides are shapes S1, S3,
S5, S7 and S9; the lower five sides are shapes S2, S4, S6, S8 and S10; and
shapes S11, S12, S13, S14 and S15 together combine to make the top, eleventh
shape, when folded into a 3-D structure.
[0119] When folded, the tails of shapes S2, S4, S6, S8 and S10 join together
at a twelfth
open end, to which is coupled a light fitting. The polyhedron formed by the
PCB
of Fig. 2 is therefore referred to as a dodecahedron (12-sided polyhedron)
comprising eleven faces and an open end.
[0120] Generally, a PCB is made of fibreglass with a certain depth and is very
rigid. In
the present invention, the PCB comprises at least three layers, namely at
least
one internal conductive layer made of copper, sandwiched between at least two
non-conductive layers generally made of FR-4 glass reinforced epoxy laminate.
Other grade designations are contemplated. One type of PCB, commonly
referred to as a single-layer PCB, has a single internal conductive layer,
which is
used in one embodiment of the invention. Multi-layer PCBs are contemplated in
other embodiments of the present invention, so long as they have the bending
properties as detailed below.
24

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
[0121]The internal conductive layer is coated with an oil-based paint.
Optionally, for
ease of manufacture and testing, a suitable legend and other writing may be
applied to the paint to identify placement of circuit components. The outer
non-
conductive layer may be further coated with a paint of any colour, including
black
or white. Preferably the paint withstands heat of the reflow oven without
fading
or undergoing color transformation while reflow soldering the surface mount
electronic components.
[0122]To fabricate the PCB in one embodiment, several steps occur. Optional
ventilation holes 150 are drilled in a PCB blank. The copper is etched,
leaving
behind the copper areas for conduction and heat dissipation. Paint is applied
to
both the outer non-conductive layer (such as black or white) and the inner non-

conductive layer (black). The blank is then milled or drilled to create the 2-
D
structure 100 shown in Fig. 2 or other shape, depending on the embodiment.
The holes for the LEDs 110 are also milled at this time. The holes 110' are
not
shown in Fig. 2, as they each contain LEDs 110. If an artistic design,
including
recognizable letters, numbers or shapes, is desired on the outer non-
conductive
layer, it can now be laser cut into an outer non-conductive layer such as to
not
interfere with the operation, effectiveness or safety of the LED bulb. Bending

lines are laser cut on the outer non-conductive layer at a sufficient depth to
allow
partial bending of the PCB at one or more angles along the plurality of
bending
lines so as to facilitate folding of the PCB into a generally polyhedron
shape,
while maintaining the integrity of the at least one internal conductive layer.
[0123]The angle of the two adjacent folded parts of the PCT is within the
range of 1 to
90 degrees. In one embodiment, where the PCB has eleven sides and one open
end, the one or more angles is about 63 degrees. In some embodiments, three
or more angles between any pair of adjacent faces are about the same.
[0124]The outer non-conductive layer is not illustrated in the figures. The
bending lines
are cut to define the fifteen shapes S1-S15. The illustrated embodiment of
Fig. 2

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
has fourteen bending lines, of which nine define the five-sided shapes Si, S3,

S5, S7 and S9 from the respective adjacent six-sided shapes S2, S4, S6, S8 and

S10. For example, shape S2 is defined as being adjacent shape S1 and S3, the
separation being the two bending lines. When folded, the PCB bends inward
along the bending lines, resulting in inner bends 140.
[0125]The electronic components are then placed on the inner non-conductive
layer
using an SMT process. Fig. 10 illustrates one embodiment of a 2-0 structure
with electronic components mounted.
[0126] In one embodiment, according to the pre-designed shape, the PCB is
milled to
form the corresponding plurality of faces of a polyhedron, for example, a
dodecahedron polyhedron of the present invention will have eleven faces and
one open end, for a total of twelve sides. PCB milling machines known in the
art
can be used. In addition to the general form of the 2-D PCB, edge teeth 160
are
milled into the perimeter so that one side of a shape, such as the edge teeth
on
the right side of shape S1 will lock with the edge teeth on the left side of
S3 when
the shapes are bent along their bending lines. In this manner, a first set of
edge
teeth is configured to lock to and engage with a second set of edge teeth.
[0127]The milling bit used to form the edge teeth can optionally form circular
corners in
each of the teeth to facilitate milling. The circular corners and edge teeth
in Fig.
2 were formed with a milling bit of 1.5 mm in diameter. One advantage of the
circular corners is that it allows additional ventilation of internal heat to
the
external environment. Other size milling bits and other types of edge teeth
are
contemplated. In addition, other ways to interlock adjacent sides of the PCB
are
also contemplated including adhesive.
[0128]The size of each LED hole 110' depends on the dimensions of the chosen
LEDs
110. The illustrated embodiment has three LED holes 110' in each of the five-
sided shapes Si, S3, S5, S7 and S9 and six-sided shapes S2, S4, S6, S8 and
26

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
S10 and one LED hole 110' in three of the remaining shapes, namely in S12, S14

and S15. Other configurations of LED holes 110' per shape are contemplated.
[0129] In other embodiments, rather than milling, a complex shape can be
stamped to
instantly cut it and the LED holes out a PCB blank. This requires an expensive

mold to be first made and the process would therefore become economical after
several thousand pieces have been stamped. Stamping is known to reduce
manufacturing time and results in a decrease in the cost per piece.
[0130] At least two and up to four exposed metal pads are placed on the
interior side of
the PCB adjacent each of the LED holes 110'. The exposed pads are metal and
are coupled to the inner conductive layer to provide electronic and thermal
connectivity. The two required exposed pads, which are opposite each other are

for coupling the LEDs 110 electrically to the PCB structure 101. These pads
are
not shown in Fig. 2 but are located under LED bracket 130. The other two
exposed pads, which are opposite each other on either side of a LED hole 110'
are for thermally coupling a heat sink to the PCB, the heat sink further
coupled to
each LED 110 as explained below. The two exposed pads for thermal coupling
each LED are not shown in Fig. 2 but are located under heat sink at each
location 120.
[0131 ] Optionally, as illustrated in Fig. 2, ventilation spaces 150 are
drilled into each of
the fifteen shapes S1-S15 of the 2-0 PCB 100. The ventilation spaces 150 are
sized to meet current certification standards of being small enough to prevent
the
insertion of an object such as a probe 2 mm or more in diameter. In this
example
the ventilation spaces 150 are about 1.8 mm in diameter or less. The
illustrated
embodiment has ten ventilation spaces 150 in each of the five-sided shapes S1,

S3, S5, S7 and S9 and six-sided shapes S2, S4, S6, S8 and S10, each
ventilation space 150 being proximate to an LED hole 110'. There are either
one, two or three further ventilation spaces 150 in the remaining shapes,
namely
shapes S11 - S15 such that when shapes S11 -S15 are folded and assembled,
27

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
they will combine to form the eleventh pentagonal shape having three LED holes

110' and ten ventilation spaces 150. Other configurations of ventilation
spaces
per shape are contemplated. As well, other dimensions and number of
ventilations spaces are contemplated, so long as they satisfy certification
and
safety standards. The ventilation spaces 150 facilitate the heat exchange from

inside the folded PCB to the external environment by venting the relatively
hotter
air out of the closed structure. The optional addition of further ventilation
spaces
150 may further lengthen the lifetime of individual LEDs and the LED light of
the
present invention.
[0132] LEDs are chosen to satisfy the efficiency requirements of the LED
light. In one
embodiment, each LED is an XLamp(TM) XP-G2 from Cree, Inc. (Durham, North
Carolina, USA), rated at 350 mA. Alternatively, each LED is a V Series from
Bridgelux (Livermore, California, USA), also rated at 350 mA. LEDs from
multiple suppliers were tested.
[0133]The tested LEDs of the present invention have a rated life of at least
30,000
hours, and can operate in temperatures of up to about 100 degrees C. Each
LED is coated with a suitable phosphor mixture using known techniques to
convert the emitted monochromatic blue light to broad spectrum white light
having an acceptable CRI of at least 70 and higher and a CCT of at least 2700
and higher, known as soft or warm light, similar to incandescent light.
[0134]The laser cutting of the illustrated embodiment is straight. Precise
operation of
the laser cutter includes specific control of the laser beam power, speed,
number
of passes, and focus lens. The depth of each cut depends on the number of
outer layers in the PCB and their depth. The cut line must be deep enough to
permit controlled bending of adjacent sides of the cut line and at least part
of the
outer non-conductive layer. If the cut passes though the entire outer layer
and
reaches the internal conductive layer, the subsequently folded part will not
have
sufficient strength to maintain the fold and will tend to break. As such, as
least
28

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
part of the outer layer must remain uncut. Bending lines are therefore cut
part
way through but not all the way through the outer non-conductive layer of the
PCB. Since the bending line is cut on the outer non-conductive layer, the
driver
circuit, which is on the other side of the PCB, is not affected.
[0135] Multiple LEDs 110 are mounted to the LED holes 110' on the PCB
structure 101.
In some embodiments, three LED's are mounted on each face. Other
embodiments comprise one to five LED's per face. The number of LEDs on the
LED light depends on the requirements of the embodiment.
[0136] Various shapes of LED lights according to the present invention are
shown in
Fig. 8A to Fig. 8TT as follows:
Fig. 8A: 20-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8B: 20-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8C: 12-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8D: 12-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8E: 8-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8F: 8-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8G: 6-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8H: 6-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 81: 7-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per side;
29

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
Fig. 8J: 7-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8K: 11-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8L: 11-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8M: 9-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8N: 9-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 80: 7-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8P: 7-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 80: 9-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8R: 9-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8S: 11-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8T: 11-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8U: 13-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8V: 13-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8W: 13-sided PCB and fitting with three or four LEDs on each of seven
sides;
Fig. 8X: 13-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs on each of seven sides;

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
Fig. 8Y: 7-sided PCB and fitting with three or four LEDs on each of four
sides;
Fig. 8Z: 7-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs on each of four sides;
Fig. 8AA: 11-sided PCB and fitting with three or four LEDs on each of six
sides;
Fig. 8BB: 11-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs on each of six sides;
Fig. 8CC: 9-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs on each of five sides;
Fig. 8DD: 9-sided PCB and fitting with four LEDs on each of five sides;
Fig. 8EE: 13-sided PCB and fitting with two or three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8FF: 13-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8GG: 7-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8HH: 7-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 811: 8-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8JJ: 8-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8KK: 16-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8LL: 16-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8MM: 11-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
30.1

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
Fig. 8NN: 11-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 800: 6-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8PP: 6-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 800: 4-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side;
Fig. 8RR: 4-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side;
Fig. 8SS: 5-sided PCB and fitting with three LEDs per side; and
Fig. 8TT: 5-sided PCB and fitting with two LEDs per side.
[0137]The 3-D structures contemplated in the present invention have multiple
LEDs
which yield light in multiple directions, thereby providing omnidirectional
light.
Certain 3-D shapes of LED lights have multiples sides, with one or more LEDs
per side, are contemplated. In some embodiments, one or more sides does not
have a LED light. As illustrated, a variety of polyhedron shapes is
contemplated,
wherein each shape comprises at least four faces and an open end. In some
embodiments, the polyhedron has up to twenty faces and an open end. In other
embodiments, the polyhedron has eleven faces and an open end, as shown in
Figs. 4-7 and 8W (where the open end is attached to a light fitting). Some
polyhedron shapes of the present invention are Platonic solids, whereas others
31

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
are irregular polyhedrons.
[0138]The 3-D structure of the present invention has a plurality of faces
where one or
more faces is shaped as a polygon chosen from the group consisting of a
triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon and a hexagon. In some embodiments,
some faces are triangular, while others are not. In other embodiments, one
face
of the three-dimensional shape comprises several parts of the PCB folded to
complement each other without overlap and together form the one assembled
outer face. In this manner, from the user's perspective, all faces of the LED
light
bulb appear to be identical.
[0139]Each of the plurality of faces of the folded 3-D structure of the
present invention
comprises an outer face and a corresponding inner face. The outer face is
visible to the user and exposes the LED and any design or other marking, if
applicable, etched on the outer surface of the PCB.
[0140]The inner surface is not visible to users, in normal operating
conditions. The
electronic components are coupled to the inner surface. The PCB comprises at
least one outer non-conductive layer, also known as the outer face, and at
least
one internal conductive layer. The internal conductive layer is sandwiched
between the outer non-conductive layer and at least one internal non-
conductive
layer. The most internal non-conductive layer is also known as the inner face.
[0141]It is further contemplated to omit placing any LEDs on one or more
surfaces such
as for ceiling lighting. For example, the 3-D structures illustrated in Figs.
80 and
8P comprise faces proximate the light fitting which do not comprise any LEDs.
This type of structure may be placed in a ceiling or wall application where
illumination is not required in the direction of the surface.
[0142]To calculate optimal efficiency of the LED light, trials were conducted
on the PCB
structure of Fig. 2 having eleven faces and one open end. Three trials each
were
32

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
conducted using one, two, three, four and five LEDs per face. All LEDs were
from the same manufacturer and were rated for 350 mA current with a lifetime
of
30,000 hours. To achieve the same lumen output of about 1,600 lumens, the
current through the LEDs was underdriven for trials having 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
LEDs
per face, corresponding to 350mA, 175 mA, 117 mA, 87.5 mA and 70 mA,
respectively. The forward voltage was measured across each LED. The lumen
output was measured by an integrating sphere.
[0143]In estimating the cost of electricity at USD$0.14/kWh, and a constant
cost of
each LED, over the rated lifetime of the LED light, it was determined that a
light
having 3 LEDs per face or 33 LEDs in total was the most economical option in
one embodiment, when cost of the LEDs and energy used over the light's
lifetime
was considered. In order of measured efficiency, it was determined that next,
2
LEDs per face, 4 LEDs per face, 5 LEDs per face and finally 1 LED per face
were
lesser economical. As such, in one embodiment, the LED light has 3 LEDs 110
per face for a total of 33 LEDs 110.
[01441A driver circuit 102 as illustrated in Figs. 3A and 3B was designed and
disposed
on the PCB 101 to drive the LEDs 110. The driver circuit 102 includes a first
circuit 1021 which, for example, comprises conventional inductor 10211 and
capacitor 10212 and a second circuit which, for example, comprises a pulse-
width modulation integrated circuit (IC) 1022 and surrounding components that
set up its operational parameters such as switching frequency and current
regulation set point. The IC 1022 comprises several pins 10221. The driver
circuit
102 is a standard buck converter with regenerative snubber to allow voltage
from
the mains to be converted to a lower voltage for use by the LEDs 110.
[0145]Reverse recovery charge on the main switching diode is captured and used
as
an auxiliary power supply for the controller IC 1022. Current is measured
using a
shunt resistor and sent to the controller IC which provides a closed feedback
loop
to precisely regulate LED current and hence provide flicker-free brightness.
33

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
[0146] In one embodiment, a temperature sensor is configured to detect a
temperature
condition within the three-dimensional shape, such as a danger threshold of 90

degrees Celcius when the LED light is energized at ambient conditions. When
the threshold is met, the sensor causes the circuit to lower the current in
the LED
light to prevent circuit failure, which prolongs the life of the LED bulb. The
sensor
can further be configured to detect the threshold temperature over a period of

time, such as about 10 seconds, determined by a low pass filter. Other lower
or
higher temperature conditions and detection times are contemplated. Once the
specified condition is reached, the circuit incrementally reduces the current
by
almost six times, such as from 117 mA to as low as about 20 mA.
[0147] In some embodiments, at normal operating conditions the temperature of
each of
the plurality of LEDs does not exceed about 70 degrees Celcius when the LED
light is energized at ambient conditions.
[0148] In another embodiment, when the condition is reached, the circuit
automatically
stops the current by lowering the duty ratio of the pulse width modulation
signal
to zero.
[0149] As shown in Fig. 11, other electronic components include a bulk storage

capacitor 1110, a fuse 1115, a main inductor 1120 and a main switching
MOSFET 1125 located behind bulk capacitor 1110. A startup voltage regulator
MOSFET 1130 is included that provides the temporary initial energy to the
controller IC 1022 so that operation can begin. The circuit also implements
over-
temperature protection with a temperature sensor 1135 to prevent the light
bulb
from destroying itself when sufficient cooling is not available, such as
inside a
sealed enclosure. A ruler 1150 is positioned adjacent the assembled PCB to
provide one example of the scale. The skilled worker will appreciate that the
dimensions of the light bulb of the present invention may be changed to
accommodate different situations, depending on the availability of components
34

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
and cost considerations.
[0150]Other circuit configurations to drive the LEDs 110 of the present
invention were
tested. Power losses were measured at the inductor resistance, the inductor
core, MOSFET conduction, MOSFET switching, the IC power supply, the shunt
resistor, the freewheeling diode, the rectifier, the capacitors and the
wires/traces.
With the choice of appropriate components, the circuit 102 was optimized to
about 95.0% efficiency.
[0151]After the circuit components are assembled, the PCB 101 is cured in a
reflow
oven. After cooling, each LED 110 is placed through LED hole 110' and
connected at the bracket 130 to two exposed pads located on either side of the

LED hole 110'. The exposed pads are coupled to the internal conductive layer
and provide an electronic connection from each LED 110 to the driver circuit
102.
The connection is by standard solder, usually lead free and ROHS compliant.
[0152]The LEDs may be connected serially or in parallel. Thus, when a power
source is
applied to the LED light, all the LEDs 110 illuminate accordingly.
Heat Dissipation System
[0153]The main heat dissipation system is the PCB structure 101 itself. Heat
from each
LED is dissipated both outward to the external environment and inward to
within
the closed shape. Heat from the internal components is also absorbed by the
PCB structure 101, then dissipated outward to the external environment.
[0154]In one embodiment of the invention, there are two additional exposed
pads
located proximate each LED. A small heat sink 120, 120' made from metal is
mounted on the back of each LED 110 at the LED's heat pad. Preferably, the
small heat sink 120, 120' is made of copper or aluminum due to their high

CA 02838641 2014-08-06
thermal conductivity.
[0155]Figs. 9A and 9B illustrate embodiments of a heat sink of the present
invention.
Fig. 9B shows both sides of the heat sink i, ii. As illustrated, the heat sink
120,
120' comprises two connecting portions 121, 121' and a contacting portion 122,

122'. The two connecting portions 121, 121' and the contacting portion 122,
122'
are connected to each other by a bridge. The two connecting portions 121, 121'

are coupled to the PCB with an adhesive, such as a heat conductive silicone.
Alternatively, the heat sink is attached by solder. one embodiment, adhesive
was
determined to be quicker to connect the LEDs 110 to the conductive
components. Heat can be conducted from the LED to the contacting portion
122,122' and further to the surface of the PCB through the two connecting
portions 121, 121'. Fig. 9A is a heat sink with a relatively wider contacting
portion
121 while Fig. 9B is a heat sink with a relatively narrower contacting portion
121'.
In other embodiments, the connecting portions 121, 121' of the heat sink 120,
121' can have other shapes such as fin-type structures (not illustrated) to
further
increase the contacting area and therefore improve heat dissipation.
[01561The illustrated embodiment of Fig. 11 illustrates 33 heat sinks 120',
each in
contact with a respective LED 110.
[0157]After illuminating the LED bulb 100, heat is generated and is
transferred to the
PCB 101 as well as to the heat sink 120, 121' followed by transferring heat to
the
outer surface 180 of the PCB to further dissipate heat to the air. By doing
so, the
generated heat can be immediately and effectively removed, and the LED 110
hence remains at a suitable temperature while it is illuminated, namely about
60
+1- 5 degrees C in ambient conditions. Since all the area of the LED bulb 100
except for the LEDs 110 itself may serve to dissipate heat, the heat-
dissipating
system of the LED bulb 100 of the present invention is advantageous.
[0158]Thus, an additional electric fan or bulky heat dissipation mechanism
such as a fin
36

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
system or other externally visible heat sink or other dissipation mechanism is
not
required in the present invention. This not only decreases manufacturing cost
and weight, but it also effectively extends the lifetime of the LED bulb 100
of the
present invention. Furthermore, a lack of externally visible heat sink allows
designers the more freedom when configuring new template designs as
described herein, without being hindered by traditional heat dissipation
considerations.
[0159]As previously discussed, the optional ventilation holes 150 drilled in
the PCB 101
promote air circulation from inside to outside of the folded LED bulb 100. The

holes 150 help to dissipate heat generated by LEDs 110, and may further
lengthen the lifetime of the LED bulb 100. To a lesser extent, the circular
corners
milled in the edge teeth may further assist with air circulation from within
the PCB
structure 101 and heat dissipation.
[01601In one embodiment, about 8.6 W of heat is generated by the LED light and

dissipated to the environment.
Assembly
[0161] In order to work with existing lamps and other light fixtures, the
structural shell of
the present invention comprises multiple edge teeth 170 to complementarily
engage with the internal components of prior art light fittings. In
particular, when
designing the PCB, a plurality of edge teeth 170 on each face of the PCB may
be
formed. After folding the PCB, a circle-shaped thread connector which is
shaped
as several teeth may be formed. The formed connector, therefore, may be easily

connected with a light fitting of the prior art, which allow for quick market
adoption
of the LED bulb of the present invention. The light fitting is engagingly
connected
to at least three of the plurality of faces, as show in Fig. 8E for example,
which
illustrates three faces of the folded PCB coupled to an Edison screw light
fitting.
37

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
Fig. 4c illustrates five faces of the folded PCB coupled to an Edison screw
light
fitting. At least three of the PCB faces must each have a set of edge teeth to

complementarily engage internal components of the light fitting. Other light
fittings are contemplated, so long as the part of the PCB which connects
thereto
can be shaped accordingly. An electrical connection of course must be made
between the light fitting and the PCB, such as by exposing or coupling part of
the
internal conductive layer at a contact point with the light fitting. As such,
the at
least one of the faces which is complementarily engaged with the internal
components of the light fitting also electronically engages with internal
components of the light fitting.
[0162] The parts of the PCB which mechanically engage with the internal
components of
the light fitting can be further secured to the light fitting to reinforce the

mechanical engagement, such as with adhesive. This will also reduce or prevent

tampering of the bulb including by users intent on disassembling the LED bulb.
[0163]After the PCB of the invention is folded, each edge of the PCB of the
LED bulb
100 should be secured fixedly. Referring to Fig. 2, in one embodiment of the
invention, a plurality of interlocking edges 160 are formed on the PCB, that
is to
say, after folding the PCB along bends 140, each edge of the 3-D shaped LED
body may be locked or secured by the pre-formed interlocking edges 160, such
that each edge of the resulting LED bulb 100 may not be separated.
[0164] Fig. 4a-d illustrate various views of an assembled LED light in one
embodiment
of the present invention, wherein threads 170 complement the inner threads of
an Edison fitting. The top most shape shown in Fig. 4d comprises an assembly
of shapes S11, S12, S13, S14 and S15. Each shape of this polyhedron bulb
comprises three LEDs, each of which protrudes out of the PCB, as well as 10
ventilation holes 150.
[0165] Fig. 5a-d illustrate various views of another assembled LED light
embodiment,
38

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
wherein each shape of the polyhedron bulb comprises three LEDs, each of which
protrudes out of the PCB, but no ventilation holes.
[0166] Figs. 6a-d illustrate various views of another assembled LED light
embodiment,
wherein each shape of the polyhedron bulb comprises one or more LEDs which
do not protrude noticeably out of the PCB, and no ventilation holes. Figs. 4-6

illustrate embodiments with Edison fittings.
[0167] Figs. 7a-d illustrate various views of another assembled LED light
embodiment,
wherein each shape of the polyhedron bulb comprises three LEDs which do not
protrude out of the PCB, and no ventilation holes. These figures illustrate
the
LED light with a bayonet mount fitting. Other fittings with the present
invention
are contemplated.
[0168]Assembly of the bulb depends on the configuration of the PCB template.
Two
examples are provided for illustration purposes. Other PCB templates and
assembly methods are contemplated.
Assembly Example 1: Bottom to Top
[0169]The following assembly instructions are with reference to the PCB
template of
Fig. 13A. The assembly can be referred to as a "bottom to top assembly" as the

top face is the final part to be assembled. For ease of illustration, all the
internal
components are not illustrated when teaching the assembly. A non-energized
plate, such as a non-conductive PCB template 1310 of Fig. 12 is used, along
with
a light fitting and instant glue. 3M glue was used in one embodiment. Using
instant glue on the joining surfaces, attach the non-conductive plate 1310 to
the
PCB structure as shown in Fig. 13B. With reference to Fig. 2, non-conductive
plate 1310 is adhered onto shape S12 in this example.
[0170] Fig. 130 illustrates the steps of assembly along with these
instructions. Fig. 13C
39

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
shows fold lines, edges, and surfaces. Starting with an angle of 180 degrees
between surfaces, fold about 63 degrees along bending line 1 to reach an angle

of about 117 degrees between surfaces. Make similar folds at bending lines 2,
3,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Align and lock the interlocking edge teeth A-A, B-B , C-
C, D-
D, E-E, F-F, G-G, and H-H. The tails shapes S2, S4, S6, S8 and S10 (from Fig.
2) join together as the 3-D structure takes shape. Screw on light fitting,
such as
an Edison screw socket base.
[0171]Apply instant glue to non-conductive plate 1310 at location W1. Note
that from
the perspective shown in Fig. 13C, the glue is applied to the underside. While

the glue is still fresh, fold about 63 degrees along bending line 11 and bring
two
surfaces W1 together, namely surface W1 of non-conductive plate 1310 and
surface W1 of shape S13. Instant glue bonds these surfaces together.
[0172] Next, apply instant glue to non-conductive plate 1310 at location W2.
Note that
from the perspective shown in Fig. 13C, the glue is applied to the underside.
While the glue is still fresh, fold about 63 degrees along bending line 12 and

bring the two surfaces W2 together, similar to the step explained above.
[0173] In a similar manner, apply instant glue to non-conductive plate 1310 at
location
W3 and fold about 63 degrees along bending line 13, then bring two surfaces W3

together. Then, fold about 63 degrees along bending line 10.
[0174]Next, align and lock the interlocking edge teeth I-I, J-J, and K-K. When
edge
teeth J-J and K-K are locked, the polyhedron is formed. Apply instant glue to
non-conductive plate 1310 at location W4. Fold about 63 degrees along bending
line 14 and bring two surfaces W4 together to complete assembly. Finally, any
excess or visible glue residue is cleaned.

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
Assembly Example 2: Top to Bottom
[0175]The following assembly instructions are with reference to the PCB
template of
Fig. 10. The assembly can be referred to as a "top to bottom assembly" as the
final assembly step occurs at the bottom when the light fitting is attached.
For
ease of illustration, all the internal components are not illustrated when
teaching
the assembly.
[0176] In this embodiment, a non-conductive plate such as the non-conductive
plate
1310 of Fig. 12 is not required. In addition to the star-shaped PCB template,
a
light fitting and instant glue are required.
[0177] Fig. 14 illustrates the steps of assembly along with these
instructions. Fig. 14
shows fold lines, interlocking edge teeth, and screw threads. Starting with an

angle of 180 degrees between surfaces, fold about 63 degrees along bending
line 1 to reach an angle of about 117 degrees between surfaces. Make similar
folds at bending lines 2, 3, 4 and 5. 3. Align and lock the interlocking edges
A, B,
C, D, and E. Fold about 63 degrees along bending lines 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 so
that
each bend reaches an angle of about 117 degrees between surfaces. Next,
align and lock the interlocking edge teeth F-F, G-G, H-G, I-I, J-J, K-K, L-L,
M-M,
N-N, and 0-0. Finally, screw on light fitting, such as an Edison screw socket
base at locations LSB with clockwise rotation. The light bulb is now fully
folded
and enclosed.
[0178] It will be appreciated that the second assembly method can be faster
and less
cumbersome than the first assembly method. Other assembly methods and PCB
template configurations are contemplated. As such, the example assembly
methods are not be considered exhaustive.
[0179] In one embodiment, the light fitting is an Edison screw and the light
is sized to be
about 3 inches wide at its widest point and about 4.3 inches in length from
the
41

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
PCB to the end of the fitting, the Edison screw having a base of about 1 inch
in
diameter. The LED light of this embodiment weighs about 85 - 100 g.
Efficiencies
[0180] In one embodiment, when a power source is applied to the circuit, about
10 W
power is consumed, the current is down driven to 95 mA and the LEDs are
illuminated, yielding a light output of about 1,200 Im. In another embodiment,

about 12W power is consumed, the current is down driven to 117mA, yielding a
light output ranging from 1,600 to 1,800 lm depending on the choice of LEDs.
The LED light therefore has a measured efficiency of between 120-150 lm/W.
[0181]According to the present invention, the LED bulb 100 of the present
invention is
more energy efficient, has higher brightness and is less harmful to the
environment than comparable lighting options.
[0182]In one embodiment of the present invention, light output testing result
is to
produce at least 1600 lumens while consuming 12 W of real power at a color
temperature of 3500K and a color rendering index of 70.
[0183]In another embodiment of the invention, the LED bulb 100 of the present
invention produces at least 1200 lumens while consuming 10 W of real power at
a color temperature of 3500K and a color rendering index of 70.
[0184] In one embodiment, the power supply is configured to provide about
11.4W of
power to the plurality of LEDs, the power supply being about 95% efficient
(ie:
about 5% being lost as heat), the lost heat from the power supply being
dissipated by the structural PCB shell.
[0185]In another embodiment, the power from the power supply drives each of
the
42

CA 02838641 2014-01-10
plurality of LEDs, each of the plurality of LEDs being about 30% efficient
(ie:
about 70% being lost as heat), at least a portion of the lost heat from each
of the
plurality of LEDs being dissipated inward by the structural PCB shell and
outward
to the environment.
[0186]The LED bulb 100 of the present invention revolutionizes the prior art
understanding for manufacturing a light bulb, whist keeping manufacturing
costs
low.
[0187]While particular embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and
described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and
modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
It
should be appreciated that all the embodiments of the present invention
described above are illustrative only, and all the changes and modifications
made
by those skilled in the art are covered by the appended claims.
43

Dessin représentatif
Une figure unique qui représente un dessin illustrant l'invention.
États administratifs

Pour une meilleure compréhension de l'état de la demande ou brevet qui figure sur cette page, la rubrique Mise en garde , et les descriptions de Brevet , États administratifs , Taxes périodiques et Historique des paiements devraient être consultées.

États administratifs

Titre Date
Date de délivrance prévu 2015-09-29
(22) Dépôt 2014-01-10
Requête d'examen 2014-07-11
(41) Mise à la disponibilité du public 2014-07-23
(45) Délivré 2015-09-29
Réputé périmé 2021-01-11

Historique d'abandonnement

Il n'y a pas d'historique d'abandonnement

Historique des paiements

Type de taxes Anniversaire Échéance Montant payé Date payée
Le dépôt d'une demande de brevet 200,00 $ 2014-01-10
Requête d'examen 400,00 $ 2014-07-11
Taxe finale 150,00 $ 2015-07-21
Taxe de maintien en état - brevet - nouvelle loi 2 2016-01-11 50,00 $ 2015-10-16
Taxe de maintien en état - brevet - nouvelle loi 3 2017-01-10 50,00 $ 2017-01-09
Taxe de maintien en état - brevet - nouvelle loi 4 2018-01-10 50,00 $ 2018-01-04
Taxe de maintien en état - brevet - nouvelle loi 5 2019-01-10 100,00 $ 2019-01-04
Taxe de maintien en état - brevet - nouvelle loi 6 2020-01-10 100,00 $ 2019-12-11
Titulaires au dossier

Les titulaires actuels et antérieures au dossier sont affichés en ordre alphabétique.

Titulaires actuels au dossier
RODINGER, TOMAS
CHU, GIMMY
YAN, CHRISTIAN
Titulaires antérieures au dossier
S.O.
Les propriétaires antérieurs qui ne figurent pas dans la liste des « Propriétaires au dossier » apparaîtront dans d'autres documents au dossier.
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Description du
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Abrégé 2014-08-06 1 15
Description 2014-08-06 46 1 844
Dessins 2014-08-06 24 547
Abrégé 2014-01-10 1 15
Description 2014-01-10 43 1 776
Revendications 2014-01-10 18 600
Dessins 2014-01-10 28 679
Dessins représentatifs 2014-06-26 1 12
Page couverture 2014-08-26 2 49
Revendications 2014-08-06 13 419
Revendications 2015-01-20 18 586
Revendications 2015-05-29 18 637
Page couverture 2015-09-02 1 44
Poursuite-Amendment 2014-08-06 80 2 511
PCT 2014-08-06 13 1 047
Poursuite-Amendment 2014-08-06 1 40
Cession 2014-01-10 4 106
Poursuite-Amendment 2014-05-26 1 43
Correspondance 2014-05-26 1 43
Correspondance 2014-05-28 1 12
Poursuite-Amendment 2014-07-11 1 36
Poursuite-Amendment 2014-10-21 1 3
Poursuite-Amendment 2014-10-27 12 677
Poursuite-Amendment 2015-01-20 22 744
Correspondance 2015-01-20 2 74
Correspondance 2015-02-13 1 22
Correspondance 2015-02-13 1 25
Poursuite-Amendment 2015-03-02 13 777
Poursuite-Amendment 2015-05-29 23 841
Taxe finale 2015-07-21 1 28
Taxes 2015-10-16 1 33
Changement de nomination d'agent 2017-04-21 2 68
Lettre du bureau 2017-05-05 1 22
Lettre du bureau 2017-05-05 1 26