EOLIENNE PROFILEE STATIONNAIRE ET MOBILE

STATIONARY AND MOBILE LOW PROFILE WIND TURBINE

Abrégé français

Le corps de cette éolienne est doté de saillies capturant lénergie cinétique contenue dans des vents bas et convertissant cette énergie éolienne en de lélectricité, avec la rotation denroulements conducteurs délectricité à travers des lignes de force magnétiques fortes fournies par des aimants cachés dans la fondation de la génératrice où ils sont en rotation. Le corps de cette génératrice stationnaire est lévité de sa fondation à laide dun deuxième ensemble daimants placés autour de sa circonférence et enfouis dans sa fondation, ce qui permet de réduire le frottement. Certains aimants du deuxième ensemble peuvent être décalés, dans le but de pousser la turbine dans le sens de rotation. Sa conception permet à cette turbine de maintenir un profil bas, comparativement aux éoliennes traditionnelles. La version mobile est fixée à un véhicule en mouvement et saisit lénergie cinétique contenue dans les courants dair travers les surfaces arrières dun véhicule en mouvement, convertissant cette énergie en électricité.

Abrégé anglais

This wind turbine's body has protuberances that capture the kinetic energy
contained within low-
to-the-ground flowing winds, and converts this wind energy to electricity by
rotating electricity
conducting windings through strong magnetic lines of force provided by magnets
buried into the
generator's foundation upon which it rotates. The body of the stationary
generator is levitated off
it's foundation by a second set of magnets located around its circumference
and buried into its
foundation, which reduces friction. Some of the second set of magnets may be
offset to push the
turbine in the direction of rotation. Due to its design, this turbine can be
low profile compared to
traditional wind turbines. The mobile version is attached to a moving vehicle
and captures the
kinetic energy contained within air currents flowing past the trailing
surfaces of a moving vehicle
and converts this energy to electricity.

Revendications

What is claimed is:
1. A turbine for generating electricity from air movements, comprising:
A foundation base plate:
An axel extending vertically of the base plate;
A generally cylindrical body attached to the axel and rotatable in a first
direction of rotation about the
axel and not attached to the foundation base plate, the generally cylindrical
body having a bottom, a
curved surface, and a top surface;
The generally cylindrical body having a first set of protuberances
substantially covering its curved
surface and top surface, the protuberances being bullet-shaped having a
rounded first end and a blunt
second end and the protuberances being placed in end to end horizontal rows
with the first end of the
protuberances pointing in the first direction of rotation, the ends of the
protuberances being close
enough to allow venting;
A first ring of magnets located circumferentially around the outside of the
bottom of the generally
cylindrical body and a corresponding second ring of magnets located on the
foundation base plate, the
first ring of magnets and the second ring of magnets being aligned and of
sufficient strength to lift the
generally cylindrical body off the base plate; and
Windings contained within the generally cylindrical body and attached to the
generally cylindrical body
so that when the generally cylindrical body rotates, the windings rotate, and
a third set of one or more
magnets set in or below the base plate, the windings and third set of one or
magnets arranged so that
electricity is created when the windings rotate through magnetic lines of
force from the third set of one
or more magnets.
2. The turbine of claim 1, further comprising solar cells attached to the
curved surface and the top
surface; and the solar cells being attached to a means for generating
electricity from the solar cells.
3. The turbine of claim 1, where the blunt second end of the protuberances
have a cavity.
4. A method of generating electricity on a vehicle, the method comprising
attaching a turbine of
any one of claims 1. to 3 to the vehicle.
53
Date Regue/Date Received 2023-01-22

Description

STATIONARY AND MOBILE LOW PROFILE WIND TURBINE
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
10001] A wind turbine that generates electricity is disclosed that is
low profile, and so
may be used in places where traditional, tall wind turbines cannot. This
turbine uses magnets
and protuberances to propel the turbine in the desired direction of rotation,
and to levitate the
central body to reduce friction. The low profile turbine may be used in a
stationary manner (for
example, placed on top of buildings) or may be used in a mobile manner, (for
example, placed on
a car).
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Conventional wind turbine generators, mounted on tall towers are
not designed to
deal with the randomly occurring turbulences associated with winds flowing at
ground level.
Consequently, opportunities to generate electricity from this abundant source
of energy are
ignored. Wind turbine generators, mounted on tall towers avoid turbulences
because uneven
energy containing, ground flowing winds cause conventional turbines to
destructively precess
which induce stresses on turbine propellers, shaft, gears and materials.
[0003] High priced personnel are lifted or climb to 200 feet above
ground to maintain
conventional wind turbines mounted on towers. Conventional wind turbines
mounted on tall
towers require pylons to be drilled deeply into the ground to provide
stability and reduce
precession.
[0004] The preceding negative and limiting factors associated with wind
turbines
mounted on tall towers, combine to prevent wind turbines from generating
electricity in areas
with great turbulence.
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[0005] Public rejection of wind turbines "by concerned neighbours"
contributes to
society's dependence on burning fossil fuels to heat water to make steam that
turns turbines to
generate electricity. The need to reduce society's dependence upon fossil fuel
to generated
electricity and its effect upon global warming is serious and immediate.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator captures the
kinetic energy
of low-to-the-ground flowing winds, and converts this wind energy into
electricity by rotating
electricity conducting windings through strong magnetic lines of force.
[0007] The (i) "Stationary" Low Profile Wind Turbine and the (ii) the
"Mobile" Low
Profile Wind Turbine share the same laws of physics to generate electricity:
i) The Stationary Low Profile Wind Turbine captures the kinetic energy
contained in winds
flowing at ground level to generate electricity while anchored to its
foundation.
ii) The Mobile Low Profile Wind Turbine captures the kinetic energy possessed
by flowing air
molecules (a) displaced by moving vehicles powered with electricity as they
drive or (b) are
parked in windy areas.
[0008] The shared laws of physics include: (a) electricity conducting
windings generate
displace electrons when windings are rotated through magnetic lines of force,
and (b) The
physics articulated by Bernoulli. Air is a fluid. Air molecules with velocity,
possess kinetic
energy.
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[0009] Air molecules achieve their velocities when; (i) moving from a
location
containing higher air pressures to a place containing lower air pressure
(i.e., partial vacuum), or
(ii) air molecules are displace by bodies, e.g. vehicles/airplane wings,
moving through air.
[0010] When air molecules with flow over curved surfaces they gain
velocity. The high
velocity molecules form zones of low air pressures (i.e., partial vacuums)
compared to
surrounding ambient air molecules.
[0011] Newton's third law of motion i.e., when one body (air molecule)
exerts a force on
a second body (Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body), the
second body
simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on
the first body.
[0012] The following describes how the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator exploits these laws of physics to generate electricity.
[0013] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator is shaped to
create different
air pressures in different locations on its' body.
[0014] For example, the body of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator is
cylindrical so winds (air molecules) blow with equal velocity past its
external surfaces.
[0015] To create different air pressures located at different places on
the Low Profile
Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body, the body is populated with numerous

aerodynamically shaped protuberances placed in patterns.
[0016] The curved surfaced protuberances perform similar aerodynamic
functions as do
airplane wings and anemometers.
[0017] Differences in air pressures occurring on/near the Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator body and its protuberances allows the Low Profile Wind
Turbine's body to
function as a propeller.
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[0018] The aerodynamic forces acting on the circumference of the Low
Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's body generate torque that rotates electricity
conducting windings
contained within the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body
through lines of
force.
[0019] When electricity conducting windings are rotated through strong
magnetic lines of
force, electricity is generated.
[0020] Strong fields of magnetic lines of force emanate from large,
heavy permanent
magnets embedded into the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's
foundation.
[0021] The permanent magnets through which electricity conducting
windings are
rotated are located outside the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's body.
[0022] When winds flow past vertically aligned cylinders with equal
velocities on both
sides at the same time, there is no torque to rotate the cylinder.
[0023] However, a zone of low air pressure forms on the opposite side
of the cylinder
from the side that faces the wind.
[0024] To generate rotation, the cylinder's geometry creates unequal
velocities of
travelling air molecules on opposite sides of the cylinder.
[0025] Rotation is created by the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's
cylinder shaped external surfaces populated with wind-catching,
aerodynamically shaped
protuberances that are set into patterns that optimize the creation of
different air pressures in
different places.
[0026] Differences in air pressure forces acting on the Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's cylindrical body combined with its' aerodynamically
shaped
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protuberances cause the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body
to rotate around
its' central axel.
[0027] When air molecules hit bullet shaped protuberances from behind,
and hit the rear
flat, cavity trailing end of the bullet front protuberances this invokes
Newton's third law i.e.,
action and reaction.
[0028] Kinetic energy from the moving air molecules is transferred to
the protuberance,
and thence to the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's external
curved body
causing it to rotate around its central axel.
[0029] In addition, as currents of air flow past the curved surface of
protuberance "B"
towards the blunt end of protuberances "A" located in front of it, air
molecules create a micro
zone of low air pressures in front of the curved surface of protuberance "B"
located behind
protuberance "A".
[0030] This creates a "lift" force similar to that when air molecules
flow over the top
curved surface of airplane wings. The protuberance is pushed forward into the
low air pressure
zone located ahead of it by ambient air pressure molecules moving to equalize
the low air
pressure that momentarily formed ahead of the protuberance.
[0031] This forward movement by protuberance "B" behind "A" is similar
to when
racing car "B" moves close towards racing car "A" to allow ambient air
molecules to push it
forward into the low air pressure zone created by the car in front of it. In
racing circles, process
is referred to as "venting" and used to save fuel consumption.
[0032] When air molecules flowing equally on either side of the Low
Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's cylindrically shaped body, they hit the
leading front edge of the
bullet shaped nosed protuberances when they rotate around from the other side.
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[0033] The bullet nosed protuberance is streamlined, and therefore, it
encounters less air
resistance when it is rotated forward resulting in stronger energy forces
pushing the bullet-
shaped protuberance body from the opposite side of the rotating Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's body.
[0034] As the protuberances rotate forward, air molecules in low air
pressure zones
forming on the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's curved
surfaces and in the
space between itself and the protuberance above, below and following behind
it.
[0035] As with airplane wings that are "Lifted" into zones of lower air
pressures formed
above their curved upper wings, the protuberances (B), located behind the
protuberance (A) in
front of it, ambient air molecules possessing slightly higher air pressure
flow forward to fill the
partial vacuum created by the first protuberance (A) in its cavity.
[0036] The protuberance (B) located behind (A), is pushed forwards
towards the micro
zones of low air pressures by ambient air molecules flowing towards the low
air pressure zone
momentarily formed behind (A). Ambient air molecules move forward to fill the
partial vacuum
in (A's) trailing surface's cavity.
[0037] Wind-pushed forward rotation is augmented by using the magnets
that produce
levitation to induce forward rotational motion.
[0038] Every second magnet in circumference of the levitation ring and
every second
magnet embedded in the foundation are pointed in a slightly off-set angle from
the vertical, for
the sake of illustration, approximately at 75 degrees.
[0039] With this pattern of alternating off-set angled magnets, when
foundation
embedded magnet's lines of force repel with the levitating ring's off-set
magnet lines of force
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they repel the body of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator
forward, pushing and
rotating it around its central axel.
[0040] Another advantage provided by off-set angled magnets is that
they resist the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body from rotating backwards
which if not
prevented would generate direct current flowing in the wrong direction.
[0041] The total external surface area of the low profile wind
turbine's body plus its
protuberances can exceed the surface areas of conventional wind turbine
propellers.
[0042] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's surface
areas allows the
Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body to have a very low
visual, line of sight
image profile yet produce the same or greater amounts of electricity as
conventional wind
turbines possessing propellers with the same surface area presented to winds.
[0043] To produce powerful lines of force through which the Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's body rotates electricity conducting windings, large
permanent magnets
are embedded into the cement foundation that secures the Low Profile Wind
Powered Electricity
Generator.
[0044] By locating the heavy magnets outside of the Low Profile Wind
Powered
Electricity Generator's body, its' body's mass is reduced. This lighter weight
reduces its' inertia to
rotation after it is stopped.
[0045] Resistance to rotation is reduced by the magnetic lines of force
emanating from
large magnets embedded into the Low Profile Wind Turbine's foundation.
[0046] The strong lines of force repel smaller magnets' lines of force
located in a ring
around the lower circumference of the low profile wind turbine's cylindrically
shaped body.
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[0047] Since magnetic lines of force emanating from magnets with like
poles facing each
other repel each other, the body of the low profile wind turbine is levitated
off of its' base.
[0048] Levitation virtually eliminates friction of the Low Profile Wind
Powered
Electricity Generator's body with its foundation base.
[0049] Reduced friction allows the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's
body to be rotated by gentler winds containing less kinetic energy.
[0050] Levitation allows stronger winds containing more kinetic energy
to rotate the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body at higher velocities. Unlike
conventional
wind turbines that experience precession in high winds, the Low Profile Wind
Powered
Electricity Generator continues generating electricity during very windy
periods because
precession is addressed.
[0051] Therefore, levitation allows the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator
to generate electricity during a wider spectrum of wind velocities than
conventional wind
turbines experiencing friction on bearings, gears and other moving parts.
[0052] Conventional wind turbines mounted on tall towers experienced
destructive forces
caused by vibration, and precession when their turbine propeller's, turbine's,
and tower's mass
shift from their designed centres of gravity.
[0053] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator does not
experience
destructive precession because it is not mounted on a tall tower, which can
vibrate off of its
centre of gravity in strong winds or uses long bladed propellers that act as
levers when uneven
forces act upon them.
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[0054] In contrast to conventional wind turbines mounted on tall
towers, the Low Profile
Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body weight is distributed around its'
wide body's
circumference.
[0055] In addition, the low profile wind turbine's body is secured at
different points to its'
internal central axe!. The axel is securely embedded into the Low Profile Wind
Powered
Electricity Generator's foundation in a vertical alignment.
[0056] The diameter of the low profile wind turbine is far wider than
narrow axels used
in conventional wind turbines about which long propellers precess.
[0057] This means that precession is innovatively managed by the Low
Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's adjusting mechanisms while expending minimal
energies to
correct precession forces.
[0058] Should the low profile wind turbine's body precess out of its'
vertical alignment,
freely rotating wheels anchored into it's foundation, located slightly beyond
the body's exterior
wall's circumference, transfer the precession creating energies into the
ground and guide the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generators body back into alignment.
[0059] Unlike conventional long propeller driven conventional turbines,
that brake
rotation, or rotate their propeller blades to minimize winds angle of attack
and slow down, little
rotation energy is lost through the low profile wind turbine 's body
momentarily touching the
precession-correcting guiding wheels.
[0060] Conventional wind turbines do not generate electricity during
periods when they
are braking, or changing the pitch of propellers to manage precession.
[0061] By contrast, the low profile wind turbine optimizes the time
during which it can
generate electricity. This is because whenever precession is sensed, the low
profile wind turbine's
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wide circumference-based body is immediately re-aligned to its' vertical axis,
without gearing
down, braking or stopping its' rotation.
[0062] The absence of gears inside the low profile wind turbine 's body
needed by
conventional wind turbines to manage precession reduces the weight of the Low
Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's body.
[0063] The absence of gears lowers the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator's costs for manufacturing, maintenance repairs and replacement of
parts compared to
conventional wind turbines.
[0064] In addition, since the low profile wind turbine is not mounted
on a tall tower, and
uses standard electronics and materials, repairs are completed with less down-
time, thereby
allowing electricity to be produced for longer periods of time compared to
conventional wind
turbines.
[0065] Removable panels in the low profile wind turbine 's body wall
facilitate
inspections, maintenance and repairs which are completed at ground level.
Technicians need not
be raised to heights above the ground to service conventional wind turbines
mounted on tall
towers.
[0066] Conventional wind turbines need costly pylons sunk deep into the
ground to
provide stability for their tall towers. Conventional wind turbines occupy a
large ecological foot
print. Tall propellers and towers kill migrating birds in great numbers. Low
frequency sounds
emanating from long propellers are reported to create health problems.
[0067] Public protests stop the construction of conventional wind
turbine towers in their
neighbourhoods. Opposition prevents society from generating electricity from
winds. By default,
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atmospheric polluting fossil fuels are burned to generate electricity that
otherwise could have
been captured from ground level freely flowing winds.
10068] Fortunately, the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator
will attract less
public opposition to being accepted in localities. This is because the Low
Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator is not mounted on a tall tower. Its' body sits on the
ground, therefore has
low visibility beyond its location.
[0069] Even though the Powered Electricity Generator's body is low to
the ground, it
provides the same surface area of a conventional wind turbine's one-hundred
foot long propeller.
[0070] To illustrate, the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's public
acceptance, the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body may only
be 10 feet tall
as compared to a 200 feet tall conventional wind turbine mounted on a tower.
[0071] The space inside the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's body is
filled with a greater volume of electricity conducing windings than
conventional wind turbines
typically contain inside their nacelles.
[0072] If Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's 10-feet tall
cylindrical body
is too high for some locations, by extending the diameter of the Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's body, the vertical height can be reduced yet still
contain the same volume
of electricity conducting windings that will produce the same quantity of
electricity.
[0073] The low profile wind turbine offers a very small ecological foot
print compared to
that created by conventional wind turbines.
[0074] In addition to generating electricity by rotating electrical
conducting windings
through magnetic lines of force, the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator generates
electricity using solar cells.
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[0075] The extensive external surface area of the Low Profile Wind
Powered Electricity
Generator allows it to be covered with newly developing flexible solar cell
films, (peroskite).
Solar cells continue to generate direct current electricity during daylight
with or without winds.
[0076] Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's design provide
opportunities to
generate electricity by capturing the kinetic energy from a broad spectrum of
wind velocities
flowing at ground level. Its' flexibility to be installed in a wide range of
rural and urban
topographies, its' low cost to; manufacture, transport, install, inspect,
repair, replace parts,
provide benefits that conventional wind turbines do not.
[0077] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's practical
attributes offers
the potential to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels to generate
electricity.
"Mobile" Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator
[0078] The "Mobile" Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator is a
smaller
version of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator. It employs the
same
aerodynamic and electricity generating physics employed by the larger
"Stationary" Low Profile
Wind Powered Electricity Generator. The "Stationary" "Mobile" Low Profile Wind
Powered
Electricity Generator is mounted on the rear surfaces of electricity powered
vehicles.
[0079] The "Mobile" Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator
captures the
kinetic energy contained in high velocity air molecules flowing over vehicles'
external surfaces
whether the vehicle is moving or it is parked in windy area.
[0080] The electricity generated by the "Mobile" Low Profile Wind
Powered Electricity
Generator recharges vehicles' batteries as they are driven, or when they are
parked in places
where winds flow at ground level, for example between buildings.
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[0081] Aerodynamic force are generated by the structure upon which the
mobile Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator is attached to the electricity
powered vehicle.
[0082] The structure generates turbulences that destructively interfere
with high energy,
high velocity "Drag" creating air molecules that flow over the external
surfaces of moving
vehicles.
[0083] These high velocity air molecules accumulate in low air pressure
zones adjacent
to moving vehicles creating zones of low air pressure.
[0084] As ambient air pressure air molecules move towards the low air
pressure zones, to
equalize the low air pressure, they trap the vehicle similar to when airplane
wings get trapped
between higher air pressure molecules flowing towards lower air pressure zones
located above
their upper curved surfaces.
[0085] The destructive interference turbulences of the structure
supporting the "Mobile"
version of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator dissipates zones
of low air
pressures. This dissipation of low air pressure reduces "drag" acting on
bodies moving through
air.
[0086] The two benefits (i) generating electricity while the car is
driving, and dissipating
"Drag" forces delivered by the "Mobile" Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's
physics extends the driving distance of electric cars.
[0087] By extending driving distances of electric vehicles, this
increases consumer
acceptance, and reduces the dependency on air polluting fossil fueled
vehicles.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
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100881 Figure 1 illustrates the foundation upon which "stationary" low
profile wind
turbine components are secured.
[0089] Figure 2 illustrates levitation and zone containing low air
pressure.
100901 Figure 3a illustrates the body of low profile wind turbine showing
protruberances
and levitation ring and Figure 3b illustrates a turbine with a lower profile.
[0091] Figures 4a and 4b illustrate protuberance bullet shape, that
facilitates "action",
"reaction", "venting" and "lift".
[0092] Figure 5 illustrates the "mobile" low profile wind turbine that
generates electricity
to recharge batteries of electric powered vehicles.
[0093] Figure 6 is an illustration of lift on a wing (Prior Art).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
100941 Conventional wind turbine generators, mounted on tall towers are
not designed to
deal with the randomly occurring turbulences associated with winds flowing at
ground level.
100951 Consequently, opportunities to generate electricity from this
abundant source of
energy are ignored.
100961 Wind turbine generators, mounted on tall towers avoid turbulences
because
uneven energy containing, ground flowing winds cause conventional turbines to
destructively
precess which induce stresses on turbine propellers, shaft, gears and
materials.
[0097] However, the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's
engineering
deals with the destructive forces generated by ground flowing winds allowing
it to generate
electricity.
14
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-23

[0098] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator cylindrical
body contains
large volumes of conducting windings. Its' body presents a low vertical height
and a wide
diameter to onlookers and concerned neighbours.
[0099] For example, the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator
may have a
height of only 15 feet as compared to a conventional wind turbine mounted on
top of a 200-foot
tower which can be seen from miles away.
[00100] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's low
vertical image
increases its' public's acceptance into rural and urban communities that
successfully oppose tall
towered wind turbine installations.
[00101] Compared to highly engineered, propeller driven, wind turbines
mounted on
towers, the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator uses standard
materials, standard
direct current electronico and ha5 fewer moving parts.
[00102] The low profile wind turbine's simpler design allows it to be;
(i) manufactured at
a lower cost, (ii) to be transported to rural and urban sites at a lower cost,
(iii) to install at a lower
cost, (iv) perform inspections at a lower cost, (v) to repair at a lower cost
and (vi) to replace
components at a lower cost.
[00103] Lower cost personnel can maintain the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator compared to high priced personnel who are lifted to 200 feet above
ground to maintain
conventional wind turbines mounted on towers.
[00104] Conventional wind turbines mounted on tall towers require pylons
to be drilled
deeply into the ground to provide stability and reduce precession.
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[00105] The Low Profile Wind Turbine does not need pylons drilled deeply
into the
ground. The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator sits on top of a
cement pad on the
ground. Vertical stability is not an issue as it is with tower mounted wing
turbines.
[00106] Precession is effectively managed by the Low Profile Wind
Turbine's low profile,
its central axel around which it rotates, and its wide diameter that provides
a stable support base
around its' circumference.
[00107] The preceding negative and limiting factors associated with wind
turbines
mounted om tall towers, combine to prevent wind turbines from generating
electricity.
[00108] Public rejection of wind turbines" by concerned neighbours"
function to continue
society's dependence on burning fossil fuels to heat water to make steam that
turns turbines to
generate electricity.
[00109] The need to reduce society's dependence upon fossil fuel to
generated electricity
and its effect upon global warming is serious and immediate.
[00110] The Low Profile Wind Turbine's ability to generate electricity
at low cost and
public acceptance compared to conventional wind turbines mounted on tall
towers, will make a
positive contribution to generating electricity without adding green house
gases into the
atmosphere.
[00111] The volume of open space inside the wide-diameter, cylindrical
body of the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator is filled with electricity
conducting windings. This
space for windings far exceeds that of conventional wind turbines.
[00112] The space inside the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's body is
available to electricity conducting windings because space is not taken up by
bulky magnets and
gears as it is with conventional wind turbines.
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[00113] Large numbers of heavy and powerful permanent magnets are
located outside of
the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body.
[00114] Powerful heavy permanent magnets are embedded into the
foundation upon which
the body of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator levitates and
rotates around a
vertical axel.
[00115] Precession is dampened by the vertical axel that secures the
top, and bottom of the
rotating body. The axel is securely embedded into its' concrete foundation.
[00116] Precession is also dampened by a ring of freely rotating wheels
anchored in the
Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator 's foundation. The precession
dampening
wheels are located around just beyond the outer circumference of the Low
Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator 's body as it rotates. In addition to guiding the
rotating body back into its
designed alignment, the wheels may be used to brake to slow or to stop the
body's rotation.
[00117] The precession correcting guide wheels do not touch the body
when it rotates
around its' correct path.
[00118] When the body rotates around a central vertical axel housing
electricity
conducting windings, the electricity conducting windings pass through strong
magnetic lines of
force to generate direct current electricity.
[00119] Large and heavy permanent magnets are embedded into the
foundation pad with
their same polarity pointing upwards toward the electricity conducting
windings within the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's rotating body above them.
[00120] The innovation of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator is that the
heavy-large-mass magnets are outside of the wind generator and not inside its'
body as with
conventional wind turbines.
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[00121] The lightened mass allows the body containing electricity
conducting windings to
be more easily levitated off of its base surface using smaller magnets
attached to a ring that runs
around the lower outside circumference of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's
body.
[00122] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator does not use
a propeller on
a horizontal axel connected through gears used by conventional wind turbines.
[00123] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's cylindrical
body performs
the function as a propeller, that is, the body rotates electricity conducting
windings through
magnetic lines of force.
[00124] The torque energy necessary to rotate electricity conducting
winding through
magnetic lines of force is achieved by wind energy forces acting on the Low
Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's wide-diameter, cylindrical-shaped body.
[00125] The body's radius acts as a lever upon its' fulcrum central
axel. Rotation and
torque is also achieved by lifting the body of the Low Profile Wind Turbine
off of its'
foundation.
[00126] Levitation reduces friction that opposes rotation. The Low
Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator is levitated off of its foundation by repelling magnetic
lines of force.
[00127] Since like-polarity magnets repel each other, the Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's body is lifted above its's foundation.
[00128] Powerful permanent magnets are embedded into the Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's foundation under the path of the rotating body facing
upward to the edge
of the low profile wind turbine's cylindrical body.
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[00129] To save weight, smaller magnets with the same polarity and
pointing downward
to the magnets embedded in the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's foundation
are positioned around the lower surface of the body's circumference onto a
ring around the
outside of the low profile wind turbine's boy.
[00130] Since the levitating ring's magnets have one pole pointing
downward to repel the
Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body off of its foundation,
the levitating ring
magnets' opposite pole will generate lines of force with an opposite polarity
than the lines of
force through which electricity generating lines of force electricity flows.
[00131] To weaken the influence of levitating ring's magnets lines of
force with an
opposite pole to those in the foundation and cutting electricity conducting
windings that generate
electricity flowing in the opposite direction, these levitating ring magnets
are located at a
distance on a ring outside of the main body of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator containing electricity conducting windings.
[00132] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator is lifted off
of its
foundation to become levitated. Levitation virtually eliminates inertia to
rotation and friction.
Reduced friction allows winds of lower velocities and energies to rotate the
body of the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator to generate electricity.
[00133] Levitation allows stronger winds turn the Low Profile Wind
Powered Electricity
Generator 's body at high rates of rotation.
[00134] Consequently, levitation allows the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator to generate electricity for longer periods of time than if its body
was supported on
caster-wheels.
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[00135] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator does not use
a propeller
used by conventional wind turbines.
[00136] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator uses its'
body of a cylinder-
shaped, water-tight shell, that contains great lengths of electricity
conducting windings that rotate
around a vertical central axis through powerful magnetic fields that generate
electricity.
[00137] The shape of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's body is not
confined to being exclusively that of a cylinder.
[00138] The body may use different geometries such as; elliptical,
conical, spherical,
hour-glass or combinations thereof.
[00139] The geometric shape of the body should be that which produces
the largest zone
containing low air pressure air molecules that momentarily collect on the
opposite side of the
body from that which ambient winds flow.
[00140] The larger the size the zone of low air pressure is produced,
the faster will be that
wind-catching protuberances on one side of the cylinder will be pushed towards
this zone of
partial vacuum by air molecules flowing to fill the partial vacuum. The
Protuberances are
arranged in patterns on the external surfaces of the body.
[00141] The protuberances are organized into patterns that collectively,
amplify rotating
forces acting on them. Rotational forces are induced by capturing the kinetic
energy contained in
air molecules flowing past them.
[00142] The protuberances on one side of the cylinder will be rotated
towards the zone of
low air pressure.
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00143] The bullet nosed shaped protuberances will be pushed forward by
ambient air
pressure winds possessing higher air pressures, flowing towards a zone
containing a lower air
pressure than ambient air pressures.
[00144] Micro zones of low air pressures are momentarily created behind
each
protuberance.
[00145] The body of the turbine does not contain heavy magnets that
would otherwise
increase the body's mass.
[00146] A reduced mass, reduces inertia to rotation, thereby allowing
winds of varying
velocities to more easily rotate the electricity conducting windings through
their magnetic lines
of force.
[00147] The strong magnets that produce the magnetic lines of force that
cut the electricity
conducting windings to produce electricity are embedded into the low profile
wind turbine's base
that supports the shell-body that contains the electricity conducting windings
that rotate about a
vertically aligned axe!.
[00148] The weight of the body's shell containing electricity conducting
windings, sensors
and mechanics of the cylinder-shaped turbine is levitated off of the base by
repelling magnetic
lines of force from magnets embedded into the low profile wind turbine's
foundation, and its'
precession ring above these magnets.
[00149] Both opposing magnets point the same polarity at each other that
results in
magnets of like poles to repel each other.
[00150] Smaller magnets than those embedded in the foundation are
attached to the lower
circular edge of the cylinder's shell's circumference facing the ground.
Smaller magnets reduce
the mass of the low profile wind turbine 's body and its inertia to rotation.
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[00151] Larger magnets with the same polarity as those inside the body
of the low profile
wind turbine point upward towards the precession ring magnets.
[00152] Since magnets facing each other with the same polarity repel,
the body of the low
profile wind turbine is levitated off of its base.
[00153] The positive effect of not using wheels to lift the body of the
low profile wind
turbine off of its base is that levitation virtually eliminates friction than
if wheels running on a
circular tract supported the body.
[00154] By levitating the body off of its base, the low profile wind
turbine captures the
energy of lower velocity winds flowing at ground level to generate
electricity.
[00155] This abundant source of free energy is lost to conventional wind
turbines'
propellers mounted on tall towers.
[00156] Because of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's
more socially
acceptable image, installations of Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator can be
located closer to urban centers where electricity is consumed. This reduced
the problem when
valuable energy is lost when electricity is conducted great distances.
[00157] By levitating the low profile wind turbine, it can obtain higher
rotational speeds
during periods when stronger winds flow past it at ground level.
[00158] By reducing friction, the low profile wind turbine can produce
electricity from
energy contained within a broader spectrum of wind velocities (light to
strong) to produce
electricity for longer periods of time.
[00159] The unique design of the low profile wind turbine is that it's
permanent magnets
are not inside the turbine's body, as are conventional wind powered turbines
mounted on tall
towers.
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CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00160] Large mass permanent magnets that produce the strong magnetic
lines of force
through which the low profile wind turbine's electricity conducting windings
pass, are embedded
into low profile turbine's foundation.
[00161] These powerful and heavy magnets are external to the shell-body
of the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator. By locating heavy magnets outside
of the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator, their weight need not be rotated
by winds flowing
past the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator.
[00162] Because these magnets are embedded in the foundation underneath
the electricity
conducting windings, the low profile wind turbine can use greater numbers of
larger and heavier
permanent magnets than conventional wind driven turbines mounted on tall
towers.
[00163] Consequently, the foundation embedded permanent magnets provide
stronger
magnetic lines of force that can cut through the more electricity conducting
windings to create
more electricity than conventional tower wind turbines.
[00164] Stronger magnets and more electricity conducting windings means
that more
electricity can be generated within a shorter body that presents a smaller
visual profile compared
to turbines mounted on tall towers.
[00165] The reduced mass of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's body
reduces the inertia of the turbine and its resistance to be rotated by flowing
winds.
[00166] Because of the reduced inertia caused by locating heavy magnets
outside of the
turbine's body, lighter winds can rotate the body containing electricity
conducting windings. In
addition, reduced inertia means that stronger winds can rotate the electricity
conducting windings
inside the body of the turbine at higher speeds.
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[00167] The low profile wind turbine becomes substantially more
efficient for generating
electricity for longer periods of time than conventional wind turbines
supported on tall towers.
"Vertical" Axis around which electricity conducting windings rotate.
[00168] Conventional wind turbines mounted on towers use vertically
aligned propellers
that rotate around horizontal axels. The horizontal axel is orientated
parallel to the ground.
[00169] By contrast, the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator
does not use a
conventional propeller. Its' body is the propeller.
Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's External Body Surface Areas
Are
Studded With Wind Energy Catching Protuberances Arranged In Patterns.
[00170] When wind blows in the direction of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator's body, the air molecules flow around and over the curved external
surfaces of the
Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body.
[00171] Zones containing high velocity, low air pressure air molecules
momentarily form
on, or immediately near the outer external surfaces of the Low Profile Wind
Powered Electricity
Generator's body.
[00172] The curved surfaces of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator,
create the same aeronautical forces as act upon curved upper surfaces of air
plane wings. The
Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator exploits laws of aeronautical
physics to induce
rotation,
[00173] The external surfaces of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's
body are not smooth like the external surfaces of tin cans, conventional
turbine propeller blades,
or airplane wings.
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[00174] The external surfaces of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator are
studded with bullet shaped protuberances arranged in patterns to exploit
aeronautical laws of
physics.
[00175] The bullet nose shape allows the protuberances to move into the
wind with less air
resistance.
[00176] The shape, number, and pattern of protuberances on the Low Profile
Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's body will vary with the size of the Low
Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's body.
[00177] These geometrically shaped protuberances create air pressure
differences similar
to the forces that are created on the top of airplanes' curved wings.
[00178] When air molecules flow over curved wings, they flow faster than
air molecules
flowing under the wing. Faster flowing air molecules create zones containing
lower air pressures
than ambient air pressures.
[00179] Since "nature hates a partial vacuum," air molecules of ambient air
pressure move
to fill the partial vacuum, forcing the wing into the partial vacuum (zone)
above the wing
[00180] To appreciate how powerful a slight difference of air pressure
existing under a
wing and above a wind process is, when the pound per square inch (psi) on the
top curved
surface of a heavy aircraft's wing is only one pound per square inch (p.s.i.)
below of that existing
under the wing (please see Figure 6, where 100 is the direction of flight, 102
is the faster air
moving over the wing (lower pressure), and 104 is the slower air moving under
the wing (higher
pressure)), this minor difference in air pressures is sufficient to" lift" the
heavy airplane off of the
ground.
[00181] The protuberances covering the external surfaces of the low profile
wind turbine
exploit this aeronautical law of physics.
Date Recue/Date Received 2023-01-22

[00182] Their geometric bullet shape generates air pressure differences
in the spaces
existing ahead of, and between the protuberances.
[00183] For example, the low-profile wind turbine's body offers contains
many bullet-
shaped protuberances are arranged in patterns. The protuberances act like
baffles, or curved and
flat surfaces of air plane wings to create numbers of appearing and
disappearing micro zones
containing air molecules of lower air pressures compared to ambient air
molecules.
[00184] The numbers of protuberances significantly increase the external
surface areas of
the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator presented to passing winds.
[00185] The wind-force energies captured by the protuberances are
transferred to the
circumference of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's
cylindrical body.
[00186] Because energies are on formed on the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator's external surfaces, the radius of the circular shaped outside body
acts as a lever
relative to it's central axel. Its rotational energy is pivoted on the central
axel around the top and
lower surface of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body
rotates.
[00187] Because the forces transferred to the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator's external body's circumference are off-angled to the central axel,
the unequal forces
acting on the external curved surfaces of cylindrical body are translated into
rotation.
[00188] Rotational torque is created by aeronautical air pressure
differences momentarily
forming on the opposite side from which the wind is blowing that are created
by the shape of the
protuberances.
[00189] The same laws of physics acting on the cylinder body and its
protuberances are
identical to the aerodynamic forces generated on the surface areas of curved
upper airplane
wings' and under wings' flat surface.
26
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00190] Winds flow over the top of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator
and around its sides and under its levitated body.
[00191] If the external surfaces of the low-profile wind turbine were
smooth, the
aerodynamic forces acting on the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's external
surfaces would be equal to each other and the body of the low-profile wind
turbine would not
rotate.
[00192] However, since one side of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator'5
body ha5 protuberance5 with their low air resistance bullet noses pointing
into the wind, while
the protuberances on the opposite side of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's
body have their blunt ended energy catching trailing surfaces facing the wind,
the differences in
wind resistance on opposite sides of the central axel causes the Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's body to rotate and creating torque.
[00193] The aerodynamic forces that act on the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator body causing it to rotate like a propeller, may be explained by
imagining the
following. Please picture a person with the person's pointed to the wind and
looking at the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's cylindrical body.
[00194] On the left side of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's cylinder
the person can see protuberances with their rounded bullet shaped noses facing
the person.
[00195] On the right side of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's
cylinder body, the cavities in the trailing surface of the protuberance faces
the person.
[00196] The person can imagine separating the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator's body into the following sectors:
[00197] (i) The side opposite from that which the wind blows.
27
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00198] This is the side closest to the person and directly facing
the person.
[00199] A large zone of low air pressure air molecules collect in
this zone after
they stream over the top of the turbine's body and rush around either side of
the turbine's body.
[00200] The person sees rows of bullet shaped nosed protuberances
rotating
towards the person on the left side of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's
body and on the right side of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's cylinder
body, the hollow cavities inside the protuberances rotating away from the
person.
[00201] The bullet nosed protuberance rotating away from the right
hand side of
the cylinder encounter less air resistance to their rotations because of their
streamlined bodies
facing into the wind compared to protuberances on the left hand side of the
Low Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's cylinder that have their blunt ends facing
oncoming winds.
[00202] (ii) The person's right side of the cylinder supports
protuberances with their bullet
nosed stream lined bodies facing into the wind.
[00203] The protuberance's cavity end surfaces points at the
person.
[00204] (iii) Looking at the left side of the cylinder, the person sees
the protuberance's
blunt cavity ended protuberance's facing into the wind similar to the cupped
end of anemometer.
[00205] The cupped rear end of the protuberance is hit by passing
winds that and
transfers their kinetic energy to the protuberance causing the body to rotate
around its' axel.
[00206] Rotation is created because of there is greater kinetic
energy transferred to
left side of the cylinder than there is on the right side.
[00207] The following expands on the above (i). (ii) and (iii) above.
28
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00208] (i) When winds blow over the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's
body, they increase their velocities as they flow past and beyond the Low
Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's cylinder curved-shaped body.
[00209] After leaving the turbine's surface they accelerate and form a
large zone of low
air pressure, also known as a partial vacuum, on the opposite side of the Low
Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's body from where the wind blows.
[00210] Since nature hates a vacuum, ambient air molecules possessing
ambient air
pressures possessing kinetic energy flow to fill the partial vacuum.
[00211] As ambient air molecules flow past the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator's protuberances, the protuberances capture the energy of the moving
air molecules
causing the protuberances to on one side of the turbine's cylinder-shaped body
to move in the
same direction as the air molecules.
[00212] The protuberances on one side of the body, move forward and
cause the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body to rotate around its central
axel in reaction to
the following forces.
[00213] (i) Action and Reaction and Lift and Venting force are created
on the Micro Scale
created on the side that has protuberances' cavities' trailing hollow surfaces
facing into the wind
blowing from behind them with their bullet nose pointed in the same direction
as the wind blows,
[00214] Bullet shaped protuberances that populate the Low Profile Wind
Powered
Electricity Generator's body, rotate around the central axel until their blunt
ended-cavity trailing
surface momentarily point backwards facing the direction that the wind blows
past them.
[00215] The protuberances' curved leading-surface curved bullet noses
point forward in
the same direction that the wind blows past them.
29
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00216] As air molecules flow over the curved surface of the bullet
shaped nose, they
speed up. When they leave the curved nose, they form micro zones of low air
pressure. Ambient
air pressure air molecules hate a partial vacuum and flow forward to fill the
vacuum. As the air
molecules hit the protuberance, this causes the body of the protuberance to
flow towards the
partial vacuum.
[00217] This is the identical aeronautical force described as "lift"
when air molecules flow
over curved surfaces of airplane wings. Unlike the "vertical" lift created by
the curved upper
surface of an airplane wing, the "lift" occurring in front of the curved front
surface of the
rounded nose protuberance is "horizontal".
[00218] As partial vacuum dissipating ambient air molecules past over
the space between
two nose to tail protuberances, a partial vacuum forms in the space between
two protuberances.
The protuberance behind the first protuberance is pushed forward by other
ambient air molecules
flowing from behind it. This creates the same "Venting" aerodynamic forces
experienced by
racing cars. Venting occurs when the low air pressure formed behind the
leading racing car
creates a partial vacuum. When ambient air molecules move to fill the partial
vacuum, they push
the following racing car forward.
[00219] Action and Reaction: When forward moving air molecules hit the
blunt trailing
rear surface of a protuberance, the air molecules' kinetic energy is
transferred to the
protuberance. Obeying Newton's third law of classical mechanics that states,
"to every action
there is opposite and equal reaction" the protuberance is forced forward as it
reacts in an opposite
direction as hit it.
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00220] Forward moving air molecules transfer energy to the
protuberance. This energy is
transferred to external body of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator to which it
is attached which induces rotation.
[00221] Reduced air resistance is created on the side of the low profile
wind powered
electricity generator's body where curved surfaced leading edged protuberances
rotate into
the wind.
[00222] The forward moving air molecules force the streamlined noses of
protuberances
forward in the opposite direction as the wind is flows on one side of the Low
Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's body.
[00223] Their bullet noses offer less wind resistance compared to the
blunt rear ended
protuberances on the opposite side of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's
body.
[00224] The combined energies of (i) zone of low air pressure forming on
the opposite
side from which the wind blows, (ii) action, reaction and (iii) venting
exerted on the outside of
the low profile wind turbine's cylindrical curved body's circumference by
multiple protuberances
work together to enhance the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator
body's rotation.
[00225] Also, potentially, the commercial version of the low profile
wind turbine may not
need expensively engineered gears to control the orientation of propeller
blades of conventional
wind turbines that are costly to manufacture, and maintain. The gears are
heavy and increase the
turbine's mass.
[00226] The low profile wind turbine has fewest moving parts that create
friction that need
maintenance and replacement. The cost of installation and ownership of the low
profile wind
turbine is low compared to conventional wind generators.
31
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00227] Retractable Torque Rods.
[00228] During periods of light winds, so as to increase the surface
area of the low profile
wind generator's body upon which light winds can act and react, rods covered
with protuberances
can be extended. The torque rods function as levers to increase rotational
velocities creating
momentum and torque.
[00229] In strong winds, when increased rotation speeds are unnecessary
the rods can be
retracted into the body of the low profile wind generator. This will reduce
the surface area of the
body with which winds will interact.
[00230] Permanent Magnets Embedded Into Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator's Foundation:
[00231] Another distinction from conventional wind turbines with
propellers attached to
horizontal axels. the body of the low profile wind turbine rotates around a
"vertical" central axel
that is aligned up and down at right angles to the base and secured in its'
foundation.
[00232] The vertically aligned axel around which the shell-body rotates,
allows heavy
permanent magnets to be embedded into the foundation under the Low Profile
Wind Turbine's
body that contains high numbers of electricity conducting windings inside the
low profile wind
turbine.
[00233] The pad supports the weight of the permanent magnets not the
axel nor the shell-
body containing the electricity conducting windings.
[00234] By placing the magnets in the base and not inside the body of
the low profile wind
turbine, centrifugal forces are reduced which reduce mechanical stresses on
the axel, as well,
mechanical components.
[00235] Levitation:
32
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00236] Like poles of magnets repel each other.
[00237] The rotating body of the low profile turbine is lifted i.e.
levitated above it's base
pad by magnetic lines.
[00238] Levitation is induced by small permanent magnets located in a
ring outside of the
Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's the circular body. The
levitation ring is
located closest to its foundation's flat surface.
[00239] The levitating ring's magnets face downwards directly above the
upward pointing
magnets embedded in the foundation under the circumference of the rotating
body. The polarity
of opposing magnets repels each other to induce levitation.
[00240] The benefit of levitation is that the full weight of the
electricity conducting
windings and other mechanics is supported by magnetic lines of force. This
reduces friction of
the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's rotating body by lifting
it off of its's flat
surfaced foundation.
[00241] Reduced friction reduces resistance to rotation. Reduced
friction allows gentler
winds containing less energy to more easily rotate the body of the turbine
thereby generating
electricity for longer periods of time.
[00242] Reduced friction allows higher energy winds to rotate the
turbine faster for longer
periods of time.
[00243] Forward rotational motion is enhanced by small magnets off-set
from the
vertical, embedded in levitation ring and larger magnets off-set with the same
angle that
are embedded in foundation.
[00244] Both the levitation ring magnets and the foundation embedded
magnets point their
same repelling lines of force at each other.
33
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00245] Wind-caused forward rotation is augmented by using the magnets
that produce
levitation to induce forward rotational motion.
[00246] Every second magnet in circumference of the levitation ring and
every second
magnet embedded in the foundation are pointed in a slightly off-set angle from
the vertical, for
the sake of illustration, approximately at 75 degrees.
[00247] With this pattern of alternating off-set angled magnets, when
foundation
embedded magnet's lines of force repel with the levitating ring's off-set
magnet lines of force
they repel the body of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator
forward, pushing and
rotating it around its central axel.
[00248] Another advantage provided by off-set angled magnets is that
they resist the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body from rotating backwards
which if not
prevented would generate direct current flowing in the wrong direction.
[00249] Off angled repelling magnets plus levitation means that the
twisting (torque)
rotational energy of gentler winds is augmented by producing more torque to
rotate the
electricity conducting windings inside the body of the turbine through the
lines of force of the
many larger permanent magnets embedded in the base.
[00250] When higher velocity winds rotate the body of the turbine past
the angled
magnets they rotate the body faster.
[00251] Precession: Tall towered wind turbines are plagued the damage
caused by
centrifugal forces that induce precession in their towers, and propellers.
[00252] When structures and mechanics in conventional air turbines move
in directions
for which they were not deigned friction and stress cause structures and
mechanics to
prematurely wear and fail.
34
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00253] When uneven pulses of winds of varying energies, randomly hit
200-foot tall
towers at different locations, this unequal distribution of force cause the
blades of long propellers
to act like levers.
[00254] Forces acting on the lever induces vibrations and gyrations that
evolve into
uneven rotations and precession.
[00255] The weight of rain and ice forming on one side of the long
propellers and the
tower, shifts the centre of gravity of the tower that supports the wind
turbine. This shift in weight
combines with the rotation of the propeller to induce precession.
[00256] To control towers' precessions, costly pylons are drilled deeply
into the ground to
rigidly support reinforced towers in a vertical position so that they will
resist precessing and
vibrations.
[00257] However, when propellers swing off-centre through ice build-up
or damaged
gears, the long blades behave as off-balanced rotating levers.
[00258] Destructively lever-amplified forces act on towers, propellers
and central axels
about which the propeller rotates.
[00259] When the propeller vibrates beyond a certain tolerance, sensors
inside the
conventional wind turbine are activated to apply brakes that slow the rotation
of the propeller.
[00260] Alternatively, sensors activate costly mechanical gears to
rotate the angle of the
propeller blades so that they present a smaller surface area's edge facing
into the wind.
[00261] These costly gears, electronics, and braking mechanisms add
weight to
conventional wind turbines mounted on tall towers.
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

=
[00262] This is mentioned because these mechanisms rotational and
precessing controlling
mechanisms either do not exist or alternatively are located outside of Low
Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's body.
[00263] By having the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's
mechanisms,
not on a tall tower, but at ground level, this lowers the cost and ease of
repairs.
[00264] By quickly completing maintenance and repairs, this means that
the time for the
Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator to generate electricity is
lengthened as
compared to a conventional wind turbine.
[00265] To facilitate maintenance, the walls of the low profile wind
turbine's body
provides removable panels.
[00266] Furthermore, when conventional tall towered turbine applies
brakes or its blades
are orientated to present the smallest surface to the wind to manage the
forces of precession, the
time consumed to protect conventional turbines causes loses opportunities to
generate electricity.
[00267] Because the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator is
close to its
foundation base, and supported by multiple points around its' circumference
there are fewer
lever-effects acting on the body of the low profile wind turbine to generate
precession.
[00268] Precession is reduced by the design of the low profile wind
turbine because it
does not use a long propeller that can wildly swing around a centrally located
axel that acts like a
fulcrum for a lever.
[00269] The stubby body of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator is
securely supported by its' central axel at its single centre of gravity, and
all around the Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body's outside circumference by
powerful
magnetic lines of force levitating it off of its base.
36
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00270] When the body's rotation deviates slightly off its central axis,
the outside wall of
the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body of the low profile
turbine encounters
guide wheels to return it back to its vertical central axis. The guide wheels
are anchored in the
base and not attached to the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's
body. If the guide
wheel were attached to the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's
body, this would
increase the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's mass, inertia
and resistance to
rotation.
[00271] The guiding wheels also provide braking forces if necessary to
stop the rotations
so that inspections and repairs can be made.
[00272] When the processing body touches the freely rotating wheel, the
freely rotating
wheel guides the walls of the turbine's body back onto the designed rotational
track without
significantly slowing the turbine's body's rotation or generating friction and
heat as a mechanical
brake would do.
[00273] The use of freely rotating wheels located on the base, around
the circumference of
the low profile turbine dampens the potentially destructive effects of
precession.
[00274] Controlling the destructive forces of precession translates into
fewer repairs and
the benefit of producing electricity for longer periods of time compared to
precession-plagued
tall towered wind turbines.
[00275] Powerful Magnetic Lines of Force:
[00276] Powerful Magnetic Lines of Force are provided by embedding large
and heavy
permanent (rare earth) magnets in the foundation under which the Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's body rotates.
37
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00277] Unlike conventional wind turbines that have their magnets inside
their nacelles,
the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's magnets are outside of
its body wherein
electricity conducting windings are housed.
[00278] By placing the powerful magnets in the foundation, this lowers
the weight of the
turbine's rotating body,
[00279] The reduced weight (mass) reduces inertia. A lighter body allows
winds to rotate
the electricity conducting windings through the magnetic lines of force for
longer periods of time
and at greater speeds compared to conventional wind turbines with their
magnets inside their
bodies.
[00280] The low profile wind turbine becomes a more efficient electric
generating turbine
compared to conventional wind turbines.
[00281] By transferring the weight of permanent magnets to the outside
of the rotating
body this also reduces the precession forces acting on the towered turbine's
long propellers,
supporting tower structures and conventional turbines' internal mechanical
gears, bearings, and
connectors.
[00282] With traditional wind turbines propellers, turbulent wind
energies are transferred
along the propeller's blades to the nacelle's central axel.
[00283] The surface area of typical towered turbine narrow blades is
small compared to
the surface area of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator.
[00284] To illustrate, with conventional wind turbines, open spaces
exist between the
outside edges of adjacent propeller blades.
38
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00285] Consequentially, conventional wind turbines with two or three
blades do not
capture the energy of winds that flow between the turbine's propeller blades.
The kinetic energy
flowing between conventional propeller blades is lost.
[00286] By contrast, the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator
presents a solid
body to the wind. It captures all the energy that passes it.
[00287] The body of Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's
external surfaces
present a comparatively large surface area to winds passing by it.
[00288] The low profile wind turbine compact body and smaller
environmental foot
print increases social acceptance.
[00289] The body of the low profile wind turbine that is visible above
ground level, is
compact, low in height because it is not mounted on top of a tall tower that
can be seen for miles.
[00290] The low-profile wind turbine's profile reduces reasons for
public objections often
expressed when towered wind turbines destroy the view of landscapes.
[00291] The low profile wind turbines environmental foot print is small
compared to
conventional wind turbines mounted on towers.
[00292] Pylons do not have to be drilled deeply in the ground to support
tall towers with
the low profile wind turbine.
[00293] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator offers
another benefit. The
Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator can be installed amongst
existing wind turbine
towers. The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generators can capture the
kinetic energy
possessed in winds flowing under the propeller blades of conventional turbines
and between the
tall towers to generate electricity. No new land is needed to increase the
generation of electricity.
39
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00294] In addition, the land that was previously approved by Government
authorities to
allow wind generators already have; personnel, electricity storage and
transporting to grid
infrastructures in place.
[00295] The electricity generated by the low profile wind turbine
becomes incremental to
existing conventional wind turbine facilities.
[00296] "Mobile" Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator Attached
To
Trailing Surfaces of Vehicles Powered By Electricity:
[00297] Air currents flowing over external surfaces of electricity
powered vehicles contain
kinetic energy.
[00298] This kinetic possessed in high velocity air molecules flowing
over the external
surfaces of the mobile version of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator is
captured to generate electricity to recharge batteries of vehicles powered by
electricity.
[00299] The mobile version of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator is
mounted on a fixed or temporary structure located at the back end of moving
vehicles powered
by electric motors.
[00300] Winds flowing past the moving vehicle causes the body of the Low
Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator to rotate.
[00301] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body
contains electricity
conducting wirings. The windings are rotated through magnetic lines of force
of permanent
magnets mounted outside of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's body.
[00302] The low profile wind turbine uses a horizontal axel about which
the flattened
cylindrical body containing electricity conducting wiring rotates.
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00303] One permanent magnet's magnetic lines of force is aligned
between two Low
Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator bodies containing electricity
conducting windings.
[00304] The Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator is designed
to generate
direct electrical currents flowing in the same direction.
[00305] Generating direct current in the same direction can be achieved
by pattering wind
capturing protuberances mounted on two counter rotating Low Profile Wind
Powered Electricity
Generator's bodies (A) and (B).
[00306] When the curved surfaced leading edged protuberances on (A) s
exterior body
points downward, the curved surfaced leading edged protuberances of (B) points
upward.
[00307] This pattern of protuberances allows the two different Low
Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's bodies to rotate in opposite directions to each other.
[00308] The permanent magnet is positioned between the two rotating Low
Profile Wind
Powered Electricity Generator's bodies.
[00309] On of its poles' magnetic lines of force sweeps the electrical
windings contained
within (A)'s Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body. The
opposite pole
magnetic lines of force sweep through the electrical windings contained within
(B)'s Low Profile
Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body.
[00310] Another benefit provided by the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator
is created by the aerodynamic forces created by structure that supports it at
the back of the
vehicle.
[00311] Contrary to accepted wisdom, hanging structures on the rear of
vehicles does not
necessarily create "drag".
41
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00312] In fact, when shaped structures are located at certain distances
from the trailing
surface of a forward moving blunt ended vehicle the structures produce
destructive interfering
turbulences that reduce zones containing low air pressures. Smaller low air
pressure zones result
in reducing the volume of air molecule flowing to equalize zone air pressures
to equal ambient
air pressures. This means that strong forces act upon the moving vehicle to
push it backwards
into the low air pressure zone resulting in what is referred to as "drag".
[00313] The smaller mobile version of the Low Profile Wind Powered
Electricity
Generator as air molecules possessing kinetic energy flow over the external
surfaces of the
vehicle;
[00314] (i) when it moves forward,
[00315] (ii) when energetic compression waves and or decompression
waves of air
flow past the low profile wind turbine protuberances and
[00316] (iii) whenever ambient winds cause the low profile wind
turbine to freely
rotate even when the vehicle is parked.
[00317] The mobile version of Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator employs
the same physics as its larger ground anchored stationary version.
[00318] The same physics that acts on a vehicle moving though the air,
is the same
physics that acts on an airplane wing.
[00319] In addition, the micro air turbulences created by flowing air
molecules over the
external surfaces of vehicles moving through air that momentarily create zones
of low air
pressure that creates "drag" are dispersed by the support structure and body
of the low profile
wind turbine.
42
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

100320] When high velocity air molecules leave the trailing external
surfaces of vehicles
moving through air they possess kinetic energy, and momentarily form zones of
low air pressure,
similar to a zone of low air pressure that forms above an airplane wing.
[00321] However, when they hit the low profile wind turbine's structure
they create
turbulences that destructively interfere with other high velocity air
molecules flowing near to
them. Energy moves from the high energy air molecules to the lower and slower
moving energy
molecules, and the net effect is that the zone containing low air pressure air
molecules is smaller
in volume and has a higher air pressure than otherwise would be formed.
[00322] The structure supporting the low profile wind turbine and the
low profile wind
turbine itself perform the same function creating destructive interfering
turbulences as does ice
crystals that form on airplane wings.
[00323] Consequently, high velocity molecules leaving the trailing
surfaces of blunt ended
vehicles lose some of their energy and are slowed.
[00324] The destructive- interference induced loss of energy causes
zones containing low
air pressure air molecules to be smaller in volume, the molecule the zones
contain have less
energy.
[00325] This causes fewer air molecules possessing ambient air pressures
to move towards
the moving vehicle when they are pushed towards the zones of low air pressure
as they equalize
the partial vacuum formed behind a moving vehicle. This process means that
there are less
backward acting forces acting on the forward moving vehicle, and less "drag"
is created.
[00326] When "drag" i.e. air resistance, is reduced, driving distances
between battery
recharging battery for electrically powered vehicles is extended.
43
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00327] Solar Cells Located on Vehicle version of low profile wind
turbine's Exterior
Surfaces:
[00328] Solar cells cover the external surfaces of the protuberances, and
body of the low
profile turbine's hybrid electricity generating system use to generate
electricity while the vehicle
is moving or parked.
[00329] The low profile wind turbine possesses enormous surface area upon
which the
sun's rays shine.
[00330] Advances in solar cell films is advancing rapidly. It is envisioned
that for
example, light weight, flexible film Perovskite solar cells could cover the
surface areas of the
protuberances and body of the low profile wind turbine.
1003311 Since the electronics already are existing, the hybrid low profile
wind turbine can
generate direct current on sunny days that have little ambient winds.
1003321 For more information, please access "Perovskite Solar Cells Could
Beat the
Efficiency of Silicon" published in Scientific American, July 2015 page 56.
1003331 Figure 1 illustrates the foundation upon which "stationary" low
profile wind
turbine components are secured. Figure 2 illustrates levitation and zone
containing low air
pressure. Figures 3a and 3b illustrate the body of low profile wind turbine
showing
protuberances and levitation ring. Figures 4a and 4b illustrate protuberance
bullet shape, that
facilitates "action", "reaction", "venting" and "lift". Figure 5 illustrates
the "mobile" low profile
wind turbine that generates electricity to recharge batteries of electric
powered vehicles. The
numbered components in the drawings are as follows:
[00334] 2.0) Foundation base into which the following components are
embedded: (i)
peimanent magnets, (ii) vertical axe! (iii) axels of precession correcting
guiding wheels.
44
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-23

[00335] 4.0) Large Permanent Magnets embedded into foundation at right
angles to the
surface of the foundation with their same magnetic polarities pointing
upwards.
[00336] 6.0) Magnetic lines of force penetrating through electricity
conducting windings
[00337] 8.0) Permanent magnets are embedded into the Low Profile Wind
Turbine's
foundation in vertical alignment, and distributed in a circle under the path
of the rotating body's
levitation ring.
[00338] These permanent magnets are off-set at an angle from the other
vertically
embedded permanent magnets positioned under the electricity conducting
windings contained
within the body of the low profile wind turbine.
[00339] The function of the off-set angled permanent magnets is
providing magnetic lines
of force to repel magnets with the same polarity, in a forward rotational
direction set into
levitation ring. Only a few of many off-set angled magnets are shown in the
drawing.
[00340] 10.0) Axel around which the low profile wind generator
electricity conducting
windings rotate through magnetic lines of force.
[00341] 12.0) Wheels to counter precession and/or brake rotating body.
[00342] 22.0) Arrow pointing to storage batteries and lines to power
grid - not shown in
drawing.
[00343] 16.0) Levitation ring running around the outside of the low
profile wind
generator's body.
[00344] 30.0) Levitation magnets vertically set into the levitation
ring. Only a few
permanent magnets of many are shown in the drawing.
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00345] Levitation ring magnets have their poles facing downwards in a
vertical
alignment. The levitation ring magnets, face their same polarity as the
permanent magnets'
polarity that are set into the foundation of the low profile wind generator.
[00346] The levitating ring's magnetic lines of force, point downward
towards the lines of
force emanating from the larger magnets buried into base pad. Both the
levitating ring magnets
and base pad buried magnetic lines of force have the same polarities. Since
like polarities of
magnets repel each other the low profile wind turbine is levitated off of its
base pad.
[00347] 32.0) Off-set angled levitation magnets are set into foundation
and the levitation
ring.
[00348] The off-set angled levitation magnets' lines of force that are
set into foundation
repel the same polarity magnetic lines of force created by magnets set into
levitation rings as
they pass each other,
[00349] The resulting repelling lines of force cause the low profile
wind turbine's body to
rotate in its' designed direction.
[00350] 18.0) Ambient wind with ambient wind pressure air molecules
flowing towards
Zone containing low air pressure, air molecules.
[00351] 20.0) Zone of low pressure air molecules on the opposite side of
the low profile
wind generator 's oncoming wind.
[00352] 22.0) Levitation gap between low profile wind turbine's body and
foundation.
[00353] 24.0) Magnetic lines of force repelling each other.
[00354] 2.0) Foundation of low profile wind turbine's base pad.? 40.0)
Large permanent
magnets vertically aligned and embedded in the Low Profile Wind Turbine's
foundation with
their top surfaces level with the surface of the foundation.
46
CA 2921858 2020-03-25

[00355] 66.0) Large curved surfaced leading edged protuberance attached to
retractable
torque enhancing bar.
[00356] Levitation Ring
[00357] 26.0) Body upon which protuberance are arranged in patterns to
facilitate venting.
[00358] 10.0) Axel supports the low profile wind generator's body at its
top and its bottom
to control precession and rotating electricity conducting windings through
magnetic lines of
force.
[00359] 16.0) Levitation ring.
[00360] 30.0) Levitation ring's magnets set with the same poles facing
downwards so body
will levitate off base.
[00361] 32.0) Levitation ring's magnets set slightly off-set to facilitate
forward rotational
induced by repelling from base's located off-set angled magnet.
[00362] 34.0) Protuberance arranged in pattern to facilitate "venting".
[00363] 36.0) Retractable torque rod with larger bullet shaped
protuberances attached to
its' opposite ends.
[00364] 2.0) Foundation.
[00365] 22.0) Space created by repelling lines of force between the
levitation ring and the
foundation that supports the low profile wind turbine's structure.
[00366] 18.0) Ambient air molecules direction of flow.
[00367] 38.0) Zone containing air molecules of lower pounds per square inch
pressure
compared to ambient air molecules possessing higher pounds per square inch
pressure. The zone
contains a partial vacuum to which ambient air molecule flow and protuberances
are pushed
towards.
47
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-23

[00368] "Reaction", "Venting" and "Lift"
[00369] 34.0) Protuberance's bullet shaped body,
[00370] 18.0) Wind direction - Air molecule possess 15 pounds per square
inch air
pressure inducing action-reaction forces on protuberances moving them forward.
[00371] 38.0) Zone containing low air pressure air molecules flowing over
bullet shaped
protuberance curved surface, similar to air molecules momentarily collecting
into zones forming
on top of air plane wings' curved surfaces that creates "lift'.
[00372] 40.0) Protuberance A's cavity. At points in its' rotation, air
molecules possessing
pounds per square inch air pressure momentarily collect.
[00373] 42.0) Protuberance B's body is pushed forward by ambient air
molecules
possessing 15 pounds per square inch into a zone momentarily created behind
protuberance A's
rear end's depression-shaped cavity that contains molecules possessing ten
pounds per square
inch.
[00374] 44.0) Wind flowing from ahead of protuberance encounters less air
resistance
because of its bullet nose.
[00375] 38.0) Air molecules flow over protuberance "A" to collect
temporarily in zones
containing air molecules of low air pressures compared to ambient air
molecules. Protuberance
"B" experiences forward pushing energy as ambient air molecules move towards
zone containing
a partial vacuum behind protuberance "A".
[00376] To Recharge Batteries of Electric Powered Vehicles
[00377] 50.0 Permanent magnet in horizontal alignment so north pole faces
low profile
wind generator A, and south pole faces body of low profile wind generator B
located
immediately beside it.
48
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-23

[00378] 21.0) low profile wind generator body containing electricity
conducting windings.
[00379] 26.0) Protuberance - note the nose of protuberance low profile wind
generator's
body A, face magnet's North Pole face in one direction while protuberance on
low profile wind
generator's body B, facing magnet's South Pole face in opposite direction.
This allows the direct
current generated to flow in the same direction. This alignment of
protuberance beside the
magnet is optional. The direction of the flow of low profile wind generator
generated can be
controlled through circuitry,
[00380] 18.0) Ambient air molecules containing ambient air pressures, e.g.
15 pounds per
square inch (p.s.i).
[00381] 20.0) Zone momentarily containing air molecule of very low air
pressure. The
faster the vehicle moves forward or the faster compression and/or
decompression waves of air
molecules hit the protuberances, the faster the protuberances will rotate the
body of the low
profile wind generator.
[00382] 54.0) Destructive micro turbulences that destructively interfere
with high velocity
air molecules flowing over the external surfaces of the vehicle to reduce the
size of the zone
containing low pressure molecules to which ambient air molecules flow push the
vehicle back
into it. The micro turbulences reduce "drag".
[00383] 6.0) Magnetic lines of force emanating from permanent magnet
mounted on low
profile wind turbine's frame
[00384] 56.0) Vehicle
[00385] 60.0) Horizontal axel supporting low profile wind generator bodies
between arms
of frame.
49
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-23

[00386] 62.0) Frame positioned behind blunt ended vehicle that supports the
mobile
version-sized low profile wind generator. This frame may be either a permanent
part of vehicle.
or alternatively a rack structure that is temporarily attached to the vehicle,
similar to bicycle rack.
[00387] 2.0) Foundation into which are embedded large and powerful
permanent magnets.
[00388] 4.0) Large and powerful permanent magnets positioned in vertical
orientations
with their same magnetic lines of force polarities, pointing upwards.
[00389] 6.0) Magnetic lines of force emanating from permanent magnets
embedded in the
foundation.
[00390] 8.0) Off set permanent magnet embedded into foundation
1003911 10.0) Axel of Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator's body
securely
embedded into foundation.
[00392] 12.0) Precession correcting and braking wheels with their axels
embedded into
foundation.
[00393] 14.0) Arrow pointing to electricity storage batteries, inverter,
interconnects,
circuit breakers and grid that are not shown in drawings.
[00394] 16.0) Levitation ring that circles the lower edge of the Low
Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's vertical body closest to the foundation.
[00395] 14.0) Arrow pointing to electricity storage batteries, inverter,
interconnects,
circuit breakers and grid that are not shown in drawings.
[00396] 16.0) Levitation ring that circles the lower edge of the Low
Profile Wind Powered
Electricity Generator's vertical body closest to the foundation.
[00397] 18.0) Ambient wind blowing towards low pressure area.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-23

[00398] 20.0) Zone on side of the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's
body, opposite from where the wind is blowing. This momentarily forming zone
contains air
molecules of lower air pressure than ambient air molecules.
[00399] 22.0) Space between the Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity
Generator's
levitated body and its flat surfaced foundation.
[00400] 24.0) Magnetic lines of force with the same polarity, repelling
each other.
[00401] 26.0) Body of Low Profile Wind Powered Electricity Generator.
[00402] 28.0) Levitation Ring
[00403] 30.0) Permanent magnets vertically embedded into Levitation Ring.
[00404] 32.0) Permanent magnets embedded into the Levitation Ring at an off-
angle from
vertical.
[00405] 36.01 Retractable - Extendable Torque Rod.
[00406] 38.0) Zone containing low air pressure molecules.
[00407] 40.0) Cavity in blunt end of Protuberance "A".
[00408] 42.0) Cavity in blunt end of Protuberance "B".
[00409] 44.0) Wind blowing towards front of protuberance.
[00410] 46.0) Air flowing over protuberance "A" s external surfaces.
[00411] 50.0) Permanent magnet horizontally placed between two Low Profile
Wind
Powered Electricity Generator bodies.
[00412] 56.0) Vehicle powered by electricity-
1004131 60.0) Frame attached to vehicle that supports body of Low Profile
Wind Powered
Electricity Generator.
51.
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-23

1004141 66.0) Large
protuberance set on ends of retractable-extendable rod.
52
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-02-23

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