Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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TITLE: OXO-BIODEGRADABLE FILM AND PACKAGING MATERIAL
FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to an oxodegradable,
biodegradable and/or
oxo-biodegradable bi-laminated film, a food packaging material comprising said
film, and
methods of packaging or preserving food using said film or packaging material.
The present
application also relates to process of manufacture of said bi-laminated film
and food
packaging material.
INTRODUCTION
[0002] Plastic plays a major role in the packaging industry. In the
food industry in
particular, plastic packaging allows adequate water and oxygen permeability in
order to keep
food fresher for longer. However, plastic waste originating from various
packaging presents
one of the most serious global environmental issues. Furthermore, plastic food
packaging is
one of the most abundant plastic waste found in the ocean and along the
shorelines
according to a recent report. (Parker L., National Geographic, September 3,
2019)
Governments and agencies around the world have taken initiatives to reduce
plastic waste.
Traditional approaches of recycling and reusing do not address the problem
that conventional
plastic is a high molecular weight organic polymer that is highly hydrophobic
and resistant to
environmental degradation by wind, rain, sunlight and microorganisms.
Conventional plastic
tends to be eroded by wind, rain and sunlight into smaller pieces of
microplastic waste that
retains hydrophobicity and high molecular weight. Microorganisms are unable to
consume
hydrophobic plastic waste of high molecular weight. As a result, conventional
plastic persists
in the environment and causes irreversible damage.
[0003] Currently, there exists chemical agents that are capable of
oxidizing the
carbon-hydrogen bonds in high molecular weight organic polymers by insertion
of hydrophilic
oxygen atoms, rendering the polymer prone to cleavage and degradation. The
oxidized
plastic polymers of reduced molecular weight can be readily ingested by
microorganisms as
carbon and energy sources leading to eventual biodegradation of the plastic.
However, this
technology has not been tailored to the food industry.
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[0004] Therefore, there exists a need for a degradable plastic
material that allows
adequate water and oxygen transmission with a degradation rate amenable to
food
packaging.
SUMMARY
[0005] Accordingly, the present application includes a bi-laminated film
comprising
a first layer comprising bi-orientated polypropylene (BOPP), and a first pro-
degradation
agent;
a second layer comprising polyethylene (PE), and a second pro-degradation
agent; and
an adhesive comprised between the first and the second layer,
wherein the bi-laminated film is oxo-degradable, biodegradable, and/or oxo-
biodegradable.
[0006] In another aspect, the present application includes a food
packaging material
comprising the bi-laminated film of the present application.
[0007] In another aspect, the present application includes a method
of packaging food
product comprising packaging the food product with the bi-laminated film or
with the food
packaging material of the present application.
[0008] In another aspect, the present application includes a method
of preserving food
product comprising packaging the food product with the bi-laminated film or
with the food
packaging material of the present application.
[0009] In another aspect, the present application includes a use of
the bi-laminated
film or the food packaging material of the present application to package
food.
[0010] In another aspect, the present application includes a use of
the bi-laminated
film or the food packaging material of the present application to preserve
food.
[0011] In another aspect, the present application also includes a
process of
manufacturing the bi-laminated film of the present application comprising
printing the BOPP and the first pro-degradation agent to obtain the first
layer;
extruding the PE and the second pro-degradation agent to obtain the second
layer; and
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rolling or laminating the first layer and the second layer together with the
adhesive to obtain
the bi-laminated film.
[0012] In another aspect, the present application includes a process
of manufacturing
the food packaging material of the present application comprising
cutting the bi-laminated film of the present application to obtain trimmed
film; and
sealing the trimmed film into the food packaging material.
[0013] Other features and advantages of the present application will
become apparent
from the following detailed description. It should be understood, however,
that the detailed
description and the specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the
application, are
given by way of illustration only and the scope of the claims should not be
limited by these
embodiments, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with
the description
as a whole.
DRAWINGS
[0014] The embodiments of the application will now be described in
greater detail with
.. reference to the attached drawings in which:
[0015] Fig 1 shows an illustrative flowchart showing an exemplary
manufacturing
process of the bi-laminated film and the food packaging material of the
present application.
[0016] Fig 2 shows an illustrative schematic of the bi-laminated
film of the present
application.
DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS EMBODIMENTS
[0017] The various embodiments are hereby presented in a non-
limitative manner and
as examples only.
[0018] Unless otherwise indicated, the definitions and embodiments
described in this
and other sections are intended to be applicable to all embodiments and
aspects of the
present application herein described for which they are suitable as would be
understood by
a person skilled in the art.
[0019] The term "bi-laminated film of the application" and the like
as used herein refers
to a film comprising
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a first layer comprising bi-orientated polypropylene (BOPP), and a first pro-
degradation
agent;
a second layer comprising polyethylene (PE), and a second pro-degradation
agent; and
an adhesive comprised between the first layer and the second layer,
wherein the bi-laminated film is oxo-degradable, biodegradable, and/or oxo-
biodegradable.
[0020] The term "food packaging material of the present application"
as used herein
refers to a food packaging material comprising the bi-laminated film of the
present
application.
[0021] The term "and/or" as used herein means that the listed items
are present, or
used, individually or in combination. In effect, this term means that "at
least one of" or "one
or more" of the listed items is used or present. The term "and/or" with
respect to
pharmaceutically acceptable salts and/or solvates thereof means that the
compounds of the
application exist as individual salts or hydrates, as well as a combination
of, for example, a
salt of a solvate of a compound of the application.
[0022] As used in the present application, the singular forms "a", "an" and
"the" include
plural references unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. For example,
an embodiment
including "a compound" should be understood to present certain aspects with
one compound
or two or more additional compounds.
[0023] In embodiments comprising an "additional" or "second"
component, such as an
additional or second compound, the second component as used herein is
chemically different
from the other components or first component. A "third" component is different
from the other,
first, and second components, and further enumerated or "additional"
components are
similarly different.
[0024] In understanding the scope of the present application, the
term "comprising"
and its derivatives, as used herein, are intended to be open ended terms that
specify the
presence of the stated features, elements, components, groups, integers,
and/or steps, but
do not exclude the presence of other unstated features, elements, components,
groups,
integers and/or steps. The foregoing also applies to words having similar
meanings such as
the terms, "including", "having" and their derivatives. The term "consisting"
and its derivatives,
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as used herein, are intended to be closed terms that specify the presence of
the stated
features, elements, components, groups, integers, and/or steps, but exclude
the presence of
other unstated features, elements, components, groups, integers and/or steps.
The term
"consisting essentially of", as used herein, is intended to specify the
presence of the stated
features, elements, components, groups, integers, and/or steps as well as
those that do not
materially affect the basic and novel characteristic(s) of features, elements,
components,
groups, integers, and/or steps.
[0025] The terms "about", "substantially" and "approximately" as used
herein mean a
reasonable amount of deviation of the modified term such that the end result
is not
significantly changed. These terms of degree should be construed as including
a deviation
of at least 5% of the modified term if this deviation would not negate the
meaning of the
word it modifies or unless the context suggests otherwise to a person skilled
in the art.
[0026] The present description refers to a number of chemical terms
and abbreviations
used by those skilled in the art. Nevertheless, definitions of selected terms
are provided for
clarity and consistency.
[0027] The term "PP" as used herein refers to polypropylene.
[0028] The term "BOPP" as used herein refers to bi-orientated
polypropylene.
[0029] The term "PE" as used herein refers to polyethylene.
[0030] The term "LDPE" as used herein refers to low density
polyethylene.
[0031] The term "PEBD" as used herein refers to biodegradable, oxo-
degradable, or
oxo-biodegradable polyethylene.
[0032] The term "EVA" as used herein refers to ethylenevinylacetate.
[0033] The term "biodegradable" as used herein refers to the
capability of being
assimilated by bacteria, fungi, and/or other living organisms. The term
"biodegradation" as
used herein refers to the degradation of a polymeric item due to cell-mediated
phenomena.
[0034] The term "oxo-degradable" as used herein refers to the
capability of being
degraded as a result of oxidative cleavage of macromolecules. The term "oxo-
degradation"
as used herein refers to degradation resulting from oxidative cleavage of
macromolecules.
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[0035] The term "oxo-biodegradable" as used herein refers to the
capability of bring
degraded as a result of oxidative and cell-mediated phenomena, either
simultaneously or
successively. The term "oxo-biodegradation" as used herein refers to the
degradation
resulting from oxidative and cell-mediated phenomena, either simultaneously or
successively.
[0036] The term "pro-degradation agent" or the like as used herein
refers to a chemical
agent that facilitates, accelerates and/or promotes degradation of polymeric
macromolecules. In some instances, the polymeric macromolecules are plastic
polymers,
such as PP, BOPP, LDPE, and PE. In some embodiments, the pro-degradation agent
can
be one or more metal or organic catalysts, an oxidizing or reducing agent,
and/or a salt or
equivalent thereof. In some embodiments, the pro-degradation agent can be a
free radical
initiator.
[0037] The term "ASTM F1249" or the like as used herein refers to
the Standard Test
Method for Water Vapour Transmission Rate through Plastic Film and Sheeting
Using a
Modulated Infrared Sensor, developed by ASTM International, West Conshohocken,
PA, US.
[0038] The term "ASTM D3985" or the like as used herein refers to
the Standard Test
Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate through Plastic Film and Sheeting
Using a
Coulometric Sensor, developed by ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
[0039] The term "D2W" or the like as used herein refers to a
commercially available
pro-degradation agent from Symphony Environmental, Hertfordshire, UK.
[0040] The term "MOR-FREETm 980/CR-85" and the like as used herein
refers to a
commercially available polyurethane based adhesive suitable for use with PE,
PP, BOPP,
aluminum and metalised films.
[0041] The present application relates to the design and
optimization of a polymeric
film that is amenable to food packaging and is oxo-biodegradable.
[0042] Accordingly, the present application includes a bi-laminated
film comprising
a first layer comprising bi-orientated polypropylene (BOPP), and a first pro-
degradation
agent;
a second layer comprising polyethylene (PE), and a second pro-degradation
agent; and
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an adhesive comprised between the first and the second layer,
wherein the bi-laminated film is oxo-degradable, biodegradable, and/or oxo-
biodegradable.
[0043] In some embodiments, the first and/or the second pro-
degradation agent is a
free radical initiator or a metal catalyst. In some embodiments, the first
and/or second pro-
degradation agent is a metal catalyst and a free radical initiator. In some
embodiments, the
first and/or second pro-degradation agent is D2WTM.
[0044] In some embodiments, the adhesive is polyurethane based
adhesive. In some
embodiments, the adhesive is MORFREETM 980/CR-85.
[0045] In some embodiments, the PE is low density PE (LDPE).
[0046] In some embodiments, the first layer further comprises ink and/or
solvent. In
some embodiments, the ink is flexographic ink.
[0047] In some embodiments, the second layer further comprises
additive. In some
embodiments, the additive is ethylenevinylacetate (EVA).
[0048] In some embodiments, the second layer is configured to
contact food. In some
-- embodiments, the second layer is configured to contact frozen food.
[0049] In some embodiments, when the second layer is configured to
contact frozen
food, the second layer comprises EVA as additive.
[0050] In some embodiments, the first layer and the second layer are
laminated or
rolled together through the adhesive.
[0051] In some embodiments, the first layer and the second layer together
represent
at least 80% w/w, at least 85% w/w, at least 90% w/w, or at least 95% w/w of
the bi-laminated
film.
[0052] In some embodiments, the first layer and the second layer
together represent
about 99% w/w of the bi-laminated film.
[0053] In another aspect, the present application includes a food packaging
material
comprising the bi-laminated film of the present application.
[0054] In some embodiments, the food packaging material is a pouch
or a bag. In
some embodiments, the food packaging material is for use with frozen food.
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[0055] In some embodiments, the bi-laminated film or the food
packaging material of
the present application has water steam transmission rate of from about 0.5 to
about 2.5
g/m2/24h measured by ASTM F-1249. In some embodiments, the water steam
transmission
rate is of from about 1.0 to about 2.0 g/m2/24h, or from about 1.2 to about
1.5 g/m2/24h. In
some embodiments, the water steam transmission rate is about 1.34 g/m2/24h.
[0056] In some embodiments, the bi-laminated film or the food
packaging material of
the present application has oxygen transmission rate of from about 500 to
about 2500
cc/m2/24h, from about 750 to about 2000 cc/m2/24h, to from about 1000 to about
1500
cc/m2/24h as measured by ASTM-D3985. In some embodiments, the oxygen
transmission
rate is about 1183 cc/m2/24h.
[0057] In some embodiments, the bi-laminated film or the food
packaging material of
the present application has thickness of from about 50 to about 250 pm, from
about 75 to
about 200 pm, or from about 100 to about 150 pm. In some embodiments, the
thickness of
about 120 pm.
[0058] In some embodiments, the bi-laminated film or the food packaging
material of
the present application has coefficient of friction of from about 0.05 to
about 0.5. In some
embodiments, the coefficient of friction is from about 0.1 to 0.3.
[0059] In some embodiments, the bi-laminated film or the food
packaging material of
the present application has grammage of from about 2 to about 15 g/m2. In some
embodiments, the grammage is from about 5 to about 10 g/m2. In some
embodiments, the
grammage is about 8 g/m2.
[0060] In some embodiments, the bi-laminated film or the food
packaging material of
the present application is about 80%, about 85%, about 88%, about 90%, or
about 95% oxo-
degraded, biodegraded, and/or oxo-biodegraded after about 80 days, 90 days,
100 days or
121 days.
[0061] In another aspect, the present application includes a method
of packaging food
product comprising packaging the food product with the bi-laminated film or
with the food
packaging material of the present application. In some embodiments, the food
product is
frozen.
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[0062] In another aspect, the present application includes a method
of preserving food
product comprising packaging the food product with the bi-laminated film or
with the food
packaging material of the present application. In some embodiments, the food
product is
frozen.
[0063] In another aspect, the present application includes a use of the bi-
laminated
film or the food packaging material of the present application to package
food. In some
embodiments, the food is frozen.
[0064] In another aspect, the present application includes a use of
the bi-laminated
film or the food packaging material of the present application to preserve
food. In some
embodiments, the food is frozen.
[0065] In another aspect, the present application also includes a
process of
manufacturing the bi-laminated film of the present application comprising
extruding the PE and the second pro-degradation agent to obtain the second
layer; and
rolling or laminating the first layer and the second layer together with the
adhesive to obtain
the bi-laminated film.
[0066] In some embodiments, the process of manufacturing the bi-
laminated film of
the present application further comprises printing onto the BOPP and the pro-
degradation
agent with ink and/or solvent. In some embodiments, the ink is flexographic
ink.
[0067] In another aspect, the present application includes a process
of manufacturing
the food packaging material of the present application comprising
cutting the bi-laminated film of the present application to obtain trimmed
film; and
sealing the trimmed film into the food packaging material.
EXAMPLES
[0068] The following non-limiting examples are illustrative of the
present application:
I. General Methods and Materials
[0069] Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) was purchased from Marco Polo
International Inc,
NY, US (MarpolTm EVA 1802). Adhesive MORFREETM 980/CR-85 was purchased from
The
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Dow Chemical Company. D2WTM was purchased from Symphony International,
Hertfordshire, UK. BOPP film was obtained from Oben Holding Group, Peru.
[0070] The printing, extrusion, lamination, cutting and sealing of
plastic polymer layers
and films were performed according to the commonly acceptable practices in the
industry. A
person skilled in the art would readily understand the abovementioned
techniques.
II. LDPE Film with Pro-degradation Agent
[0071] LDPE film containing 1% D2W was made by extrusion. A 50pm
transparent
plastic film of LDPE with D2W was send for testing at Eurofins Product Testing
Spain S.L.
The film was tested for UV aging, presence of heavy metal and toxic elements,
and
biodegradability according to standard ASTM 6954 Tiers 1 and 2 (Report No.
9882/16/1937,
9882/16/6646-M1), and for ecotoxicological effects according to standard ASTM
6954 Tier 3
(Report No. 17001074).
UV Aging, Toxicity and Biodegradability
[0072] The molecular weight of the LDPE film after 120 hours of UV
exposure was
found to be less than 5000 g/mol by gel permeation chromatography. The UV aged
sample
was tested for presence of heavy metal and toxic elements. The concentrations
of regulated
metals and other toxic substances did not exceed the values in Spanish
Association for
Standardisation UNE-EN ISO 13432:2000 Table A.1 of the Annex A. Further, the
LDPE film
with 1 /0 D2W after UV aging was found to be 88.86% biodegraded under aerobic
composting
conditions after 121 days, meeting the biodegradability requirement of
standard ASTM 6954
Tier 2. The testing method of biodegradability is reflected in the UNE-EN ISO
14855-1:2013.
Ecotoxicological Effects
[0073] The compost from the biodegraded LDPE film with 1% D2W was
tested for
ecotoxicological effects on terrestrial plants and on earthworms in accordance
with standard
ASTM 6954 Tier 3. The degraded residue of LDPE film with 1% D2W was found to
be non-
toxic to terrestrial plants according to Organisation for Economic Co-
operation and
Development (OECD) Guideline 208. The degraded residue of LDPE film with 1%
D2W was
found to be non-toxic to earthworms according to Organisation for Economic Co-
operation
and Development (OECD) Guideline 207.
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III. Manufacture of Bi-Laminated Film
[0074] An
exemplary bi-laminated film was produced with the following material using
the abovementioned general method:
= Oxo-biodegradable BOPP (BOPP and D2WTM, in some instances 1% D2W)
= Ink(s)
= Adhesive
= Oxo-biodegradable LDPE (PEBD: LDPE and D2W), optionally with EVA.
[0075]
The bi-laminated film using BOPP/PEBD and the packaging material thereof
was certified to contain oxo-biodegradation agent D2W. (No. R0511, RUC:
808623110).
IV.
Technical Properties of BOPP/LDPE Bi-Laminated Film and Food Packaging
Material
[0076] An
exemplary bi-laminated film was made with oxo-biodegradable BOPP and
oxo-biodegradable LDPE as the first and the second layer according to the
abovementioned
general methods. D2WTM was used as pro-degradation agent. EVA was used as an
additive
in the LDPE layer. The substrates used and their thickness and grammage are
listed in Table
1.
Table 1 Examples of Substrates for Bi-Laminated Film
Substrate Thickness (pm) Grammage
(g/m2)
Inks 2.00
Oxo-biodegradable BOPP 20 18.10
Adhesive (MOR-FREETm
--- 2.00
980/CR-85)
Oxo-biodegradable LDPE 106 97.90
Total Nominal 120
[0077]
The bi-laminated film was cut and sealed to produce an exemplary food
packaging material in the shape of a pouch. The sealed food packaging material
was
inspected visually and with calibrator and tape measures. The measurements of
the food
packaging material and the sealing are presented in Table 2.
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Table 2 Dimensions of Bi-Laminated Film and Measurements of Food Packaging
Material
Type of sealing:
Method of
Tolerance
standard sealing pouch
Inspection
Width (mm) 503 +3
Tape measure
Length (mm) 176 +5
Tape measure
Thickness (pm) 120 +3
Caliper
Colour White Visual
inspection
According to Visual
inspection
Food Packaging
sample (example
Material Design
includes a bag)
[0078]
The sealed food packaging material was further tested for grammage,
adhesion
strength, sealing strength, coefficient of friction of the inner side (LDPE
layer) and of the outer
side (BOPP layer). Further, permeability to water vapour and oxygen was
measured. The
results are presented in Table 3.
Table 3 Technical Properties of the Food Packaging Material
Property Testing Standard Tolerance
Units
method value
Grammage ME1OGEN008 120
10 g/m2
Adhesion strength ME1OGEN028 >400
(BOPP/LDPE)
Sealing strength ME1OGEN030 >800
Static Coefficient of Friction ME1OGEN034
= Inner side (LDPE) 0.25
10 Dimensionless
= Outer side (BOPP) 0.19
10 Dimensionless
Permeability to Water Vapour ASTM F-1249 <1.94
g/m2 /24h
Permeability to Oxygen ASTM D-3985 <1183
g/m2 /24h
V.
Technical Properties of BOPP/LDPE-EVA Bi-Laminated Film and Food
Packaging
Material
[0079]
The bi-laminated film was tested using the general methods as described
above for its permeability to water vapour and oxygen. Other properties
including grammage
and caliber was also tested. The technical properties of the bi-laminated film
are presented
in Table 4.
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Table 4 Technical Properties of the Bi-Laminated Film
Width (mm) +3
Length(mm) +2
Grammage (g/m2) +8
Calibre ( /0) +8
Water vapour transmission
1.34
(ASTM F-1249)
Oxygen transmission
1183
(ASTM-D3985)
VI. Examples of Bi-laminated Film and Food Packaging Material thereof
[0080] Three exemplary batches of bi-laminated film were produced.
Food packaging
material, sometimes in the shape of bags, was produced with the bi-laminated
film. The
manufacture details and technical properties of each batch are provided for
illustrative
purposes.
[0081] All products were manipulated according to industry hygiene
best practices.
Materials were stored at dry conditions below 30 C. Exposure to localized heat
sources
above 45 C was avoided.
Batch
The manufacture detail and technical properties of batch 1 of bi-laminated
film and food
packaging material are shown in Tables 5 to 7. Manufacturer lot number of
Batch 1 is 31-07-
5787. The design printed is "Le Soleil Du Sud 40/60".
Table 5 Examples of Substrates for Bi-Laminated Film for Batch 1
Thickness Grammage
Substrate Tolerance
Tolerance
(pm) (g/m2)
According to
Inks 1.50
printed area
Oxo-biodegradable
20.2 19-20 18.30
17.2-19
BOPP
Adhesive (MOR-
FREETm 980/CR- 2.00
1.5-3.5
85)
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,
,
____________________________________________________________________ ,
_____________
Oxo-biodegradable
115.00 103.5-126.5 106.00
95.4-116.6
PE with EVA
Total Nominal 135.20 120.3-150.1 127.8
115-140.6
Table 6 Dimensions of Bi-Laminated Film and Measurements of Food Packaging
Material
Batch 1
Type of sealing: Standard Results
Method of
Tolerance
U-shaped pouch Value
measurement
Width (mm) 180 179.1 +2
Tape measure
Length (mm) 251.5 248.6 3
Tape measure
Thickness (pm) 130 123.7 10
Caliper
Gusset --- 0.0 3
Caliper
Grammage 126 127.8 11%
ME1OGEN008
Width of sealing 10 9.53 2
Tape measure
edge
Table 7 Technical Properties of the Food Packaging Material Batch 1
Testing Standard
Property Tolerance
Units
method value
Grammage ME1OGEN008 126 11%
gin.12
Temperature of side seal --- 209 10
C
Adhesion strength
(BOPP/LDPE) ME1OGEN028 >480 ---
g-f/25.4 mm
Sealing strength ME1OGEN030 >1200 ---
g-f/25.4 mm
Static Coefficient of Friction ME1OGEN034 ---
= Inner side (PE) --- 0.25
--- Dimensionless
= Outer side (BOPP) 0.2
--- Dimensionless
Permeability to Water Vapour ASTM F-1249 1.88 ---
g/m2 /24h
Permeability to Oxygen ASTM D-3985 1153.64 ---
g/m2 /24h
Batch 2
The manufacture detail and technical properties of batch 2 of bi-laminated
film and food
packaging material are shown in Tables 8 to 10. Manufacturer lot number of
Batch 2 is 31-
07-5788. The design printed is "LE SOLEIL DU SUD CREVETTE SAUVAGE
D'ARGENTINE".
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,
Table 8 Examples of Substrates for Bi-Laminated Film for Batch 2
Thickness Grammage
Substrate Tolerance
Tolerance
(Pm) (g/m2)
According to
Inks --- --- 1.50
printed area
Oxo-biodegradable
20.2 19-20 18.30 17.2-19
BOPP
Adhesive (MOR-
FREETm 980/CR- --- --- 2.00
1.5-3.5
85)
Oxo-biodegradable
110.00 99-121 106.00
95.4-116.6
PE with EVA
Total Nominal 130.20 117.2-143.2 127.8
115-140.6
Table 9 Dimensions of Bi-Laminated Film and Measurements of Food Packaging
Material
Batch 2
Type of sealing: Standard Results
Method of
Tolerance
U-shaped pouch Value
measurement
Width (mm) 180 179.1 2
Tape measure
Length (mm) 251.5 248.4 3
Tape measure
Thickness (pm) 130 140.4 10
Caliper
Gusset --- 0.0 3
Caliper
Grammage 126 127.8 11% ME1
OGEN008
Width of sealing
Tape measure
9.56 2
edge
5
Table 10 Technical Properties of the Food Packaging Material Batch 2
Testing Standard
Property Tolerance
Units
method value
Grammage ME1OGEN008 126 10
g/m2
Temperature of side seal --- 209 10
C
Adhesion strength
ME1OGEN028 >480 ---
g-f/25.4 mm
(BOPP/LDPE)
Sealing strength ME1OGEN030 >1200 ---
g-f/25.4 mm
Static Coefficient of Friction ME1OGEN034 --- ---
= Inner side (PE) ---
0.25 --- Dimensionless
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= Outer side (BOPP)
0.2 Dimensionless
Permeability to Water Vapour ASTM F-1249 1.88
g/m2 /24h
Permeability to Oxygen ASTM D-3985 1153.64
g/m2 /24h
[0082] While the present application has been described with
reference to what are
presently considered to be the preferred examples, it is to be understood that
the invention
is not limited to the disclosed examples. To the contrary, the invention is
intended to cover
various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit
and scope of
the appended claims.
[0083] All publications, patents and patent applications are herein
incorporated by
reference in their entirety to the same extent as if each individual
publication, patent or patent
application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by
reference in its
entirety.
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