Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
A VEHICLE LIQUID AIR ROTARY ENGINE POWER SYSTEM
by CRAIG ANTROBUS
Antrobus Consulting Ltd.
FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
[0001] Not applicable.
COPYRIGHT NOTICE
[0002] A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains
material that is
subject to copyright protection by the author thereof. The copyright owner has
no
objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or
patent
disclosure for the purposes of referencing as patent prior art, as it appears
in the Patent
and Trademark Office, patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all
copyright rights
whatsoever.
BACKGROUND OF THE RELEVANT PRIOR ART
[0003] One or more embodiments of the invention generally relate to a
power
system. More particularly, certain embodiments of the invention relate to a
Vehicle
Liquid Air Rotary Engine Power System.
[0004] The Liquid Air Rotary Engines design for this Vehicle application
has an
application pending in the Canadian Intellectual Property by this same
inventor Craig
Antrobus.
1
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not
by way of
limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which like
reference
numerals refer to similar elements and in which:
[0006] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a Liquid Air Rotary
Engine
Power System architecture of a vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of
the present
invention
[0007] FIG. 2 Illustrates a section through the Liquid Air Rotary
Engine.
[0008] FIG. 3 Illustrates a gearbox clutch system for each wheel.
Unless otherwise indicated illustrations in the figures are not necessarily
drawn to scale.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF SOME EMBODIMENTS
[0009] The present invention is best understood by reference to the
detailed figures
and description set forth herein.
[0010] The vehicle Liquid Air Rotary Engine Power System is powered by
Liquid
Air Rotary Engines which provide a vehicle power system that is operationally
100%
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Free. The fuel source is Environmental Air that is
cooled to a
Liquid Air state and injected into the Liquid Air Rotary Engines expansion
chamber
where it is mixed with outside environmental air and the expansion of the
Liquid Air into
a Gaseous state powers the engine. This engine will greatly reduce Greenhouse
Gas
Emissions thereby reducing Climate Change.
[0011] Rotary engines have been patented many years ago, but the fuel
source was
petroleum injected into a combustion chamber. In this invention the fuel
source is Liquid
Air which is injected into an expansion chamber. The exhaust port in this
invention has
been relocated closer to the expansion chamber to keep the exhaust temperature
higher.
[0012] Embodiments of the invention are discussed below with reference
to the
Figures. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the
detailed
2
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
description given herein with respect to these figures is for explanatory
purposes as the
invention extends beyond these limited embodiments. For example, it should be
appreciated that those skilled in the art will, in light of the teachings of
the present
invention, recognize a multiplicity of alternate and suitable approaches,
depending upon
the needs of the particular application, to implement the functionality of any
given detail
described herein, beyond the particular implementation choices in the
following
embodiments described and shown. That is, there are modifications and
variations of the
invention that are too numerous to be listed but that all fit within the scope
of the
invention. Also, singular words should be read as plural and vice versa and
masculine as
feminine and vice versa, where appropriate, and alternative embodiments do not
necessarily imply that the two are mutually exclusive.
[0013] It is to be further understood that the present invention is not
limited to the
particular methodology, compounds, materials, manufacturing techniques, uses,
and
applications, described herein, as these may vary. It is also to be understood
that the
terminology used herein is used for the purpose of describing particular
embodiments
only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It must
be noted that
as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and
"the" include
the plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for
example, a
reference to "an element" is a reference to one or more elements and includes
equivalents
thereof known to those skilled in the art. Similarly, for another example, a
reference to "a
step" or "a means" is a reference to one or more steps or means and may
include sub-
steps and subservient means. All conjunctions used are to be understood in the
most
inclusive sense possible. Thus, the word "or" should be understood as having
the
definition of a logical "or" rather than that of a logical "exclusive or"
unless the context
clearly necessitates otherwise. Structures described herein are to be
understood also to
refer to functional equivalents of such structures. Language that may be
construed to
express approximation should be so understood unless the context clearly
dictates
otherwise.
[0014] All words of approximation as used in the present disclosure and
claims
should be construed to mean "approximate," rather than "perfect," and may
accordingly
be employed as a meaningful modifier to any other word, specified parameter,
quantity,
3
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
quality, or concept. Words of approximation, include, yet are not limited to
terms such
as "substantial", "nearly", "almost", "about", "generally", "largely",
"essentially",
"closely approximate", etc.
[0015] As will be established in some detail below, it is well settled
law, as early as
1939, that words of approximation are not indefinite in the claims even when
such limits
are not defined or specified in the specification.
[0016] It should also be noted that such words of approximation as
contemplated in
the foregoing clearly limits the scope of claims such as saying 'generally
parallel' such
that the adverb 'generally' does not broaden the meaning of parallel.
Accordingly, it is
well settled that such words of approximation as contemplated in the foregoing
(e.g., like
the phrase 'generally parallel') envisions some amount of deviation from
perfection (e.g.,
not exactly parallel), and that such words of approximation as contemplated in
the
foregoing are descriptive terms commonly used in patent claims to avoid a
strict
numerical boundary to the specified parameter. To the extent that the plain
language of
the claims relying on such words of approximation as contemplated in the
foregoing are
clear and uncontradicted by anything in the written description herein or the
figures
thereof, it is improper to rely upon the present written description, the
figures, or the
prosecution history to add limitations to any of the claim of the present
invention with
respect to such words of approximation as contemplated in the foregoing. That
is, under
such circumstances, relying on the written description and prosecution history
to reject
the ordinary and customary meanings of the words themselves is impermissible
[0017] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used
herein have
the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art
to which
this invention belongs. Preferred methods, techniques, devices, and materials
are
described, although any methods, techniques, devices, or materials similar or
equivalent
to those described herein may be used in the practice or testing of the
present invention.
Structures described herein are to be understood also to refer to functional
equivalents of
such structures. The present invention will be described in detail below with
reference to
embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
[0018] References to a "device," an "apparatus," a "system," etc., in
the preamble of
a claim should be construed broadly to mean "any structure meeting the claim
terms"
exempt for any specific structure(s)/type(s) that has/(have) been explicitly
disavowed or
excluded or admitted/implied as prior art in the present specification or
incapable of
enabling an object/aspect/goal of the invention. Furthermore, where the
present
specification discloses an object, aspect, function, goal, result, or
advantage of the
invention that a specific prior art structure and/or method step is similarly
capable of
performing yet in a very different way, the present invention disclosure is
intended to and
shall also implicitly include and cover additional corresponding alternative
embodiments
that are otherwise identical to that explicitly disclosed except that they
exclude such prior
art structure(s)/step(s), and shall accordingly be deemed as providing
sufficient disclosure
to support a corresponding negative limitation in a claim claiming such
alternative
embodiment(s), which exclude such very different prior art
structure(s)/step(s) way(s).
[0019] From reading the present disclosure, other variations and
modifications will
be apparent to persons skilled in the art. Such variations and modifications
may involve
equivalent and other features which are already known in the art, and which
may be used
instead of or in addition to features already described herein.
[0020] Features which are described in the context of separate
embodiments may
also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various
features
which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment, may
also be
provided separately or in any suitable subcombination.
[0021] References to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "example
embodiment," "various embodiments," "some embodiments," "embodiments of the
invention," etc., may indicate that the embodiment(s) of the invention so
described may
include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every
possible
embodiment of the invention necessarily includes the particular feature,
structure, or
characteristic. Further, repeated use of the phrase "in one embodiment," or
"in an
exemplary embodiment," "an embodiment," do not necessarily refer to the same
embodiment, although they may. Moreover, any use of phrases like "embodiments"
in
connection with "the invention" are never meant to characterize that all
embodiments of
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
the invention must include the particular feature, structure, or
characteristic, and should
instead be understood to mean "at least some embodiments of the invention"
includes the
stated particular feature, structure, or characteristic.
[0022] References to "user", or any similar term, as used herein, may
mean a
human or non-human user thereof Moreover, "user", or any similar term, as used
herein,
unless expressly stipulated otherwise, is contemplated to mean users at any
stage of the
usage process, to include, without limitation, direct user(s), intermediate
user(s), indirect
user(s), and end user(s). The meaning of "user", or any similar term, as used
herein,
should not be otherwise inferred or induced by any pattern(s) of description,
embodiments, examples, or referenced prior-art that may (or may not) be
provided in the
present patent.
[0023] References to "end user", or any similar term, as used herein, is
generally
intended to mean late stage user(s) as opposed to early stage user(s). Hence,
it is
contemplated that there may be a multiplicity of different types of "end user"
near the end
stage of the usage process. Where applicable, especially with respect to
distribution
channels of embodiments of the invention comprising consumed retail
products/services
thereof (as opposed to sellers/vendors or Original Equipment Manufacturers),
examples
of an "end user" may include, without limitation, a "consumer", "buyer",
"customer",
"purchaser", "shopper", "enjoyer", "viewer", or individual person or non-human
thing
benefiting in any way, directly or indirectly, from use of. or interaction,
with some aspect
of the present invention.
[0024] In some situations, some embodiments of the present invention may
provide
beneficial usage to more than one stage or type of usage in the foregoing
usage process.
In such cases where multiple embodiments targeting various stages of the usage
process
are described, references to "end user", or any similar term, as used therein,
are generally
intended to not include the user that is the furthest removed, in the
foregoing usage
process, from the final user therein of an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0025] Where applicable, especially with respect to retail distribution
channels of
embodiments of the invention, intermediate user(s) may include, without
limitation, any
individual person or non-human thing benefiting in any way, directly or
indirectly, from
6
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
use of, or interaction with, some aspect of the present invention with respect
to selling,
vending, Original Equipment Manufacturing, marketing, merchandising,
distributing,
service providing, and the like thereof.
[0026] References to "person", "individual", "human", "a party",
"animal",
"creature", or any similar term, as used herein, even if the context or
particular
embodiment implies living user, maker, or participant, it should be understood
that such
characterizations are sole by way of example, and not limitation, in that it
is contemplated
that any such usage, making, or participation by a living entity in connection
with
making, using, and/or participating, in any way, with embodiments of the
present
invention may be substituted by such similar performed by a suitably
configured non-
living entity, to include, without limitation, automated machines, robots,
humanoids,
computational systems, information processing systems, artificially
intelligent systems,
and the like. It is further contemplated that those skilled in the art will
readily recognize
the practical situations where such living makers, users, and/or participants
with
embodiments of the present invention may be in whole, or in part, replaced
with such
non-living makers, users, and/or participants with embodiments of the present
invention.
Likewise, when those skilled in the art identify such practical situations
where such living
makers, users, and/or participants with embodiments of the present invention
may be in
whole, or in part, replaced with such non-living makers, it will be readily
apparent in
light of the teachings of the present invention how to adapt the described
embodiments to
be suitable for such non-living makers, users, and/or participants with
embodiments of
the present invention. Thus, the invention is thus to also cover all such
modifications,
equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of such
adaptations and
modifications, at least in part, for such non-living entities.
[0027] Headings provided herein are for convenience and are not to be
taken as
limiting the disclosure in any way.
[0028] The enumerated listing of items does not imply that any or all of
the items
are mutually exclusive, unless expressly specified otherwise.
[0029] It is understood that the use of specific component, device
and/or parameter
names are for example only and not meant to imply any limitations on the
invention. The
7
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
invention may thus be implemented with different nomenclature/terminology
utilized to
describe the mechanisms/units/structures/components/devices/parameters herein,
without
limitation. Each term utilized herein is to be given its broadest
interpretation given the
context in which that term is utilized.
[0030] "Configured To." Various units, circuits, or other components may
be
described or claimed as "configured to" perform a task or tasks. In such
contexts,
"configured to" or "operable for" is used to connote structure by indicating
that the
mechanisms/units/circuits/components include structure (e.g., circuitry and/or
mechanisms) that performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the
mechanisms/unit/circuit/component can be said to be configured to (or be
operable) for
perform(ing) the task even when the specified
mechanisms/unit/circuit/component is not
currently operational (e.g., is not on). The
mechanisms/units/circuits/components used
with the "configured to" or "operable for" language include hardware--for
example,
mechanisms, structures, electronics, circuits, memory storing program
instructions
executable to implement the operation, etc.
[0031] "Based On." As used herein, this term is used to describe one or
more
factors that affect a determination. This term does not foreclose additional
factors that
may affect a determination. That is, a determination may be solely based on
those factors
or based, at least in part, on those factors. Consider the phrase "determine A
based on B."
While B may be a factor that affects the determination of A, such a phrase
does not
foreclose the determination of A from also being based on C. In other
instances, A may
be determined based solely on B.
[0032] The terms "a", "an" and "the" mean "one or more", unless
expressly
specified otherwise.
[0033] Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing conditions,
concentrations, dimensions, and so forth used in the specification and claims
are to be
understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about."
Accordingly, unless
indicated to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the following
specification
and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending at least upon a
specific
analytical technique.
8
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
[0034] The term "comprising," which is synonymous with "including,"
"containing," or "characterized by" is inclusive or open-ended and does not
exclude
additional, unrecited elements or method steps. "Comprising" is a term of art
used in
claim language which means that the named claim elements are essential, but
other claim
elements may be added and still form a construct within the scope of the
claim.
[0035] With respect to the terms "comprising," "consisting of," and
"consisting
essentially of," where one of these three terms is used herein, the presently
disclosed and
claimed subject matter may include the use of either of the other two terms.
Thus in some
embodiments not otherwise explicitly recited, any instance of "comprising" may
be
replaced by "consisting of' or, alternatively, by "consisting essentially of',
and thus, for
the purposes of claim support and construction for "consisting of' format
claims, such
replacements operate to create yet other alternative embodiments "consisting
essentially
of" only the elements recited in the original "comprising" embodiment to the
exclusion of
all other elements.
[0036] Devices or system modules that are in at least general
communication with
each other need not be in continuous communication with each other, unless
expressly
specified otherwise. In addition, devices or system modules that are in at
least general
communication with each other may communicate directly or indirectly through
one or
more intermediaries.
[0037] A description of an embodiment with several components in
communication
with each other does not imply that all such components are required. On the
contrary a
variety of optional components are described to illustrate the wide variety of
possible
embodiments of the present invention.
[0038] As is well known to those skilled in the art many careful
considerations and
compromises typically must be made when designing for the optimal manufacture
of a
commercial implementation any system, and in particular, the embodiments of
the
present invention. A commercial implementation in accordance with the spirit
and
teachings of the present invention may configured according to the needs of
the particular
application, whereby any aspect(s), feature(s), function(s), result(s),
component(s),
approach(es), or step(s) of the teachings related to any described embodiment
of the
9
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
present invention may be suitably omitted, included, adapted, mixed and
matched, or
improved and/or optimized by those skilled in the art, using their average
skills and
known techniques, to achieve the desired implementation that addresses the
needs of the
particular application.
[0039] In the following description and claims, the terms "coupled" and
"connected," along with their derivatives, may be used. It should be
understood that these
terms are not intended as synonyms for each other. Rather, in particular
embodiments,
"connected" may be used to indicate that two or more elements are in direct
physical or
electrical contact with each other. "Coupled" may mean that two or more
elements are in
direct physical or electrical contact. However, "coupled" may also mean that
two or more
elements are not in direct contact with each other, but yet still cooperate or
interact with
each other.
[0040] It is to be understood that any exact measurements/dimensions or
particular
construction materials indicated herein are solely provided as examples of
suitable
configurations and are not intended to be limiting in any way. Depending on
the needs of
the particular application, those skilled in the art will readily recognize,
in light of the
following teachings, a multiplicity of suitable alternative implementation
details.
[0041] detail below.
[0042] It is to be understood that any exact measurements/dimensions or
particular
construction materials indicated herein are solely provided as examples of
suitable
configurations and are not intended to be limiting in any way. Depending on
the needs of
the particular application, those skilled in the art will readily recognize,
in light of the
following teachings, a multiplicity of suitable alternative implementation
details.
[0043] It may be contemplated that in many embodiments, a cost to
manufacture,
use, and maintain a vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present
invention,
may be far less than conventional combustion vehicles or conventional all
electric
vehicles. In some embodiments, greenhouse gas emissions may be far less than
with
combustion vehicles or conventional all electric vehicles. In many
embodiments, the
liquid air rotary engine power system may be much safer than conventional all
electric
vehicles or conventional combustion vehicles. In many embodiments, it may be
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
contemplated that a liquid air rotary engine power system may refill faster
than all-
electric vehicles.
[0044] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a liquid air rotary
engine
power systems architecture of a vehicle 100, in accordance with an embodiment
of the
present invention. In the present embodiment, the liquid air rotary engine
power system
architecture may include a refueling attachment 100, a liquid air pressure
release valve
102, liquid air storage devices 104, a liquid air regulating valve 106, a
liquid air
distribution manifold 108, liquid air adjusting valves 110, liquid air engines
112,
electrical generating turbines 114, an air conditioning unit 116,
forward/reverse gearbox
switch 118, gear box clutch system 120, a battery system 122, a liquid air
adjustment
valve monitoring system 124, an engine rpm monitoring system 126, a vehicle
turning
system 128, an accelerating pedal 130, an electrical heating system 132, and
vehicle
wheels 134.
[0045] In the present embodiment, the liquid air refueling attachment
device 100
may be operably coupled to a liquid air manufacturing / storage station, such
that, the
liquid air storage devices 104 may be connected to a liquid air manufacturing
/ storage
station pump and filled with liquid air. In some exemplary alternative
embodiments, the
liquid air storage devices may include a multiplicity of operably coupled
tanks, wherein
each tank may be in a range of particular sizes, volumes, shapes, and
structures. Liquid
air storage devices may be vacuum sealed, insulated steel tanks.
[0046] In the present embodiment the liquid air storage devices 104 may
also be
operably coupled to liquid air regulating valve 106 which opens when pressure
is applied
to the gas pedal thereby allowing liquid air to flow to liquid air
distribution manifold 108.
In the present embodiment as the pressure on the gas pedal 130 is increased
the liquid air
flow valve 106 allows more liquid air to flow through it.
[0047] In the present embodiment the liquid air storage devices 104 may
also be
operably coupled to liquid air pressure release valve which can release built
up pressure
from the liquid air storage devices 104.
[0048] In the present embodiment, liquid air from the liquid air
distribution
manifold 108 flows through adjustment valves 110 which can control the flow of
liquid
11
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
air by means of the vehicle turning system 128 when the vehicle is turning
or/and by
means of the engine rpm monitoring system 126 to ensure equal rpm of all
wheels.
[0049] In the present embodiment air is into the liquid air engines 112
through
outside air inlets and the air is pressurized in the engine by the engine fan
system.
[0050] In the present embodiment the exhaust air from the liquid air
engines is
directed to the electrical generating turbines 114 so they can generate
electricity for the
vehicle battery systems 122 which can power the vehicle electrical systems
including the
liquid air adjustment valve monitoring system 124 and the vehicle heating
system 132.
The exhaust from the turbines 114 may also be directed to an air conditioning
unit 116.
[0051] In the present embodiment, liquid air may be directed from the
liquid air
storage devices 104 into, operably coupled, liquid air distribution manifold
108, wherein
the liquid air distribution manifold may include at least one input port for
receiving liquid
air from the liquid air storage devices 104 and may further include at least
four output
ports for directing the air to the four liquid air rotary engines 112.
[0052] In the present embodiment, respective central shafts of the four
rotary
engines 112, may be directly connected to gear box clutch system 120 and
further to the
respective wheels 134 of the vehicle, and thus power may be transmitted
directly to the
wheels as opposed to possibly having to propagate through a multiplicity of
powertrain
elements as with conventional vehicles. It may be contemplated that the direct
connection may greatly improve efficiency as it may eliminate a substantial
amount of
mechanical friction losses associated with moving the multiplicity of
powertrain
elements.
[0053] In some embodiments, intake grill system may include a single
unit
comprising a multiplicity of portions substantially spread across an entire
front of the
vehicle, wherein a portion may divert intake air to liquid air rotary engines
112. The
outside intake air is mixed in the rotary engine with the liquid air in the
expansion
chamber and the exhaust is directed to the electrical generating turbines 114.
[0054] In the present embodiment battery 122 may also be operably
coupled to heat
element 132, wherein the heat element may be configured to heat incoming
outside air to
flow to the vehicle cabin.
12
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
[0055] In some alternative embodiments, a front of an intake grill
system may
include a relatively small diameter mesh, lining the front of the intake grill
to prevent
debris from entering the air flow system. In another alternative embodiment,
the intake
grill system may include a switch actuated wiper to remove debris that may be
blocking
an intake grill system.
[0056] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a liquid air rotary
engine
power system 200, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the
present embodiment, the liquid air rotary engine power system architecture may
include a
fan 200, intake port 202, an intake chamber 204, an engine housing 206, a hot
water
circulating engine housing channel system 208, an eccentric shaft 210, a rotor
212,
expansion chamber 214, a liquid air electric heating element 216, a liquid air
injection
port 218, a crown gear 220, a pinion 222, an exhaust chamber 224, an exhaust
port 226,
and an electrically heated water circulating tank 228. Multiple rotor
assemblies can be
connected in line and the ends covered with end plates and seals not shown.
[0057] Outside air is drawn into the engine and pressurized by the fan
200 and
pressurized into the intake port 202 and the intake chamber 204. The air in
the intake
chamber is pressurized further into the expansion chamber 214 by the rotation
of the
engine rotor 212. Liquid Air is injected into the expansion chamber 214
through the
Liquid Air injector 218. As the Liquid Air flows into the expansion chamber,
it flows
over an electrical heating element 216. The combination of the Liquid Air
being heated
by the electrical element 216 and heated by the hot water circulating engine
housing
channel system 208 and mixing with the hot compressed air in the expansion
chamber
causes the Liquid Air to expand causing the rotor 212 to turn and power the
engine. The
air in the expansion chamber is then pushed into the exhaust chamber 224 and
then out of
the engine through the exhaust port 226. The air exhausting from the engine
through the
exhaust port may be utilized for powering an electrical turbine to generate
electricity for
the system as well as air-conditioning the vehicle.
[0058] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a power train
system 300, in
accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In the present
embodiment, the
power train system may include a gear box clutch system 300, a forward/reverse
13
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
mechanism 302, a forward/reverse gearbox switch 304, an automatic clutch 306,
liquid
air rotary engine 308, and a wheel 310.
[0059] In the present embodiment, the liquid air rotary engine 308 may
be coupled
to an automatic clutch 306 so that when the liquid air rotary engine 308 is at
idle the
automatic clutch 306 disengages the shaft to the gearbox 300. When the liquid
air rotary
engine increases its revolutions per minute the automatic clutch 306 engages
the shaft to
the gearbox 300 thereby powering the in the gearbox which turns the vehicle
wheel 310.
The direction of movement of the vehicle forward or reverse is determined by
the
forward/reverse gearbox switch 304 which moves the gearbox shaft to engage the
proper
gear to connect to the wheel shaft gear.
[0060] In the present embodiment the intake grill system may include a
multiplicity
of air intake portions, wherein the air intake portions may direct external
environmental
air to flow to a multiplicity of portions of the vehicle. The multiplicity of
air intake
portions may direct external environmental air toward an intake fan 200
connected to
each liquid air rotary engine 112.
[0061] Those skilled in the art will readily recognize, in light of and
in accordance
with the teachings of the present invention, that any of the foregoing steps
may be
suitably replaced, reordered, removed and additional steps may be inserted
depending
upon the needs of the particular application. Moreover, the prescribed method
steps of
the foregoing embodiments may be implemented using any physical and/or
hardware
system that those skilled in the art will readily know is suitable in light of
the foregoing
teachings. For any method steps described in the present application that can
be carried
out on a computing machine, a typical computer system can, when appropriately
configured or designed, serve as a computer system in which those aspects of
the
invention may be embodied.
[0062] All the features disclosed in this specification, including any
accompanying
abstract and drawings, may be replaced by alternative features serving the
same,
equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless
expressly
stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic
series of
equivalent or similar features.
14
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
[0063] Having fully described at least one embodiment of the present
invention,
other equivalent or alternative methods of implementing a liquid air rotary
engine
powering system according to the present invention will be apparent to those
skilled in
the art. Various aspects of the invention have been described above by way of
illustration, and the specific embodiments disclosed are not intended to limit
the
invention to the particular forms disclosed. The particular implementation of
the
pneumatic powering system may vary depending upon the particular context or
application. By way of example, and not limitation, the pneumatic powering
system
described in the foregoing were principally directed to providing a compressed
air and
direct powertrain powering system to a car implementation; however, similar
techniques
may instead be applied to providing a compressed gas direct powertrain
powering system
to motorcycles, boats, airplanes, and trains, which implementations of the
present
invention are contemplated as within the scope of the present invention. The
invention is
thus to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within
the spirit and
scope of the following claims. It is to be further understood that not all of
the disclosed
embodiments in the foregoing specification will necessarily satisfy or achieve
each of the
objects, advantages, or improvements described in the foregoing specification.
[0064] The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of
all means
or step plus function elements in the claims below are intended to include any
structure,
material, or act for performing the function in combination with other claimed
elements
as specifically claimed.
[0065] The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of
all means
or step plus function elements in the claims below are intended to include any
structure,
material, or act for performing the function in combination with other claimed
elements
as specifically claimed. The description of the present invention has been
presented for
purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive
or limited to
the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be
apparent
to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and
spirit of the
invention. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain
the
principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable
others of ordinary
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with
various
modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
[0066] The Abstract is provided merely to introduce certain concepts and
not to
identify any key or essential features of the claimed subject matter. It is
submitted with
the understanding that it will not be used to limit or interpret the scope or
meaning of the
claims.
16
Date Recue/Date Received 2022-03-03
