Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
~037805
Apparatus for Mechanical Stimulating of the Heart
The present invention relates to an apparatus for
mechanical stimulating of the heart of the type comprising heart
stimulating means arranged to mechanically treat the chest of a ~;
human body in a rhythmical sequence, the apparatus also comprising
a girdle provided to be stretched over the chest of a human body i~
and carrying power means arranged to mechanically treat said chest
in a rhythmical sequence thereby stimulating the heart in said body.
From the U.S. Patent Specification No. 3,307,541 an
apparatus for mechanical stimulating of the heart is known. The
apparatus comprises a girdle intended to be tightened around the -~
human body in the level of the heart and carrying a pneumatic
piston means arranged to be connected to a pressure tank, by means
of which piston means the heart can be treated by means of rhyth-
mical massage of the chest. An apparatus of the kind mentioned
has, ho~wever, very restricted effectiveness when it is used in an
attempt to bring a person back to life.
The object of the present invention is to provide
an apparatus for mechanical stimulating of the heart which in a
more efficient way than what is possible to obtain by means of
apparatuses according to the prior art will provide an increase ~
of the blood stream to the brain which among the human organs `
will first be injured when the heart function is not satisfactory. ~;i - According to the present invention, an apparatus ~ -
is provided for external mechanical stimulation of the heart,
said apparatus comprising, in combination: heart stimulator
means for mechanically compressing a portion of a human body
in a rhythmical, pulsating fashion; compressing means for
exerting a thrust against the abdomen of the human body; a
base for supporting said body in a generally horizontal position;
and connector means for securing the stimulator means and the
compressing means to the base. Preferably, the base is generally
.::
.'' "
~037B05
convex to give to the chesttabdominal portion of the body a ~-
generally convex posture when the body is supported by the base.
According to a still further feature of the present invention,
the base is formed of two parts arranged for a selectively
alternative mutual position to render the base either extended -
for use, or contracted for storage. In one preferred embodiment, ;
the two parts of the base are connected to each other by hinge
means for folding and unfolding of the base. In the folding and
unfolding arrangement, the base is so shaped that, on folding
Of the two parts, the respective portions of the surface of the
base are generally complementary and generally coincident with
each other.
The present invention will now be described by
way of one embodiment, with reference to the accompanying ~ -
drawings. - ;
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the apparatus in a perspective view;
Fig. 2 shows the apparatus in a side view; ~`
Fig. 3 is a transversal section through the
apparatus along the line III-III in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a transversal section along the line IV-IV
in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 shows in a schematical way a pneumatic
system of the apparatus. ;
According to Figs. 1-4 the apparatus comprises a
part 1 with the ~ntendedj function of a bed and provided with two
tunnels 2 and 3 through which two girdles 4 and 5 respectively
are stretching. The girdle 4 is provided with a power cylinder
6, the piston rod of which at the inside of the girdle 4 is
provided with a thrust plate 7 (Fig. 4). The girdle 5 is provided
with a cylinder 8 which at the inside of the girdle 5 is provided
with an inflatable balloon 9 (Fig. 3).
-la-
!. - . . : . . . , : : `, ,
r - ~
~037805
The tunnels 2, 3 are provided with manoeuvre organs
10 by means of which locking means 15 for the girdles 4, 5 can
be manoeuvred. The manoeuvre organ 10 and the locking means 15
form together a lever at each of the mouths of the tunnels, which
lever is pivotable by means of a shaft 16. A spring 17 is
provided to press the locking means 15 against that in the
tunnel 2, 3 inserted girdle 4, 5 respectively. Thereby the
locking means 15 can lock the girdle by cooperation with one
of theholes in the same. By means of a thrust against the
10 manoeuvre organ 10 the lever can be pivoted against the force of
the spring 17 and by means of this the locking means 15 can be
forced out of engagement with the girdle. At least the one end
of each of the girdles 4, 5 can be entirely drawn out of the
tunnel so that the girdle can be laid around the body on a
person resting on the bed part 1. Preferably the girdles are - ~
provided to be displaced in the tunnels 2, 3 not only in the ~ ;
direction for stretching of the girdle but also in the longitu-
dinal direction of the bed part 1 in order to suit the positions
of the girdles to different persons.
As shown in Fig. 5 the pneumatic organs, the
cylinders 6, 8 are provided to be connected to a pneumatic ,~
pressure source by means of hoses 11. In Fig. 5 this pressure ~;
source is shown as a pressure tank 18 with closing- and reducing
valves and a pressure gauge. From the pressure tank 8 a forked !, ' , ,,
conduit is leading to the two pneumatic organs 6, 8 via closing
valves 19 and the hoses 11.
The pneumatic organ 6 comprises a cylinder 21 with a ~ ~ -
piston 22 objected to the force from a thrust spring 23 and
provided with a piston rod 24, which is terminating in said
thrust plate 7, which is intended to move in a reciprocal move~
ment. To obtain this function a pneumatic pulse generator is
provided in that conduit, which leads to the organ 6.
.: .
-2-
1037~05
The pulse generator 20 comprises a house 25 w~th a
main channel 26 by means of which the organ 6 is connected to
the pressure tank 18 via the hose 11. From the main channels
26 a branched channel 27 is leading to a cylinder space 28 via
a regulating valve 29. The branched channel 27 can be vented
by means of a second regulating valve 30. In the cylinder
space 28 a piston 31 is arranged to move to and fro and is there- -
by objected to the force from a spring 32. The piston 31 is
provided with a piston rod 33 which is arranged as a closing
valve in the main channel 26. The valve body on the piston
rod 33 shows a seat in the channel 26 and the piston 31 shows
a seat adjacent to the inlet in the cylinder 28 for the branched
channel 27.
The part 1 intended to have the function of a bed ~
is provided with an upper surface curve which will give the -
body of a person laying on the bed part 1 a convex posture seen -~
from the front whereby the head is leaning backwards (see Fig. 2).
In order to facilitate the transportation the part 1 is divided
into two sections connected by means of a hinge 12 whereby said
surface curve is so shaped that the two sections suit each other
and are forming a parallelepipedic body 13 when folded together
as is evident from Fig. 2. The one of the sections is provided
with an extensible box 14 suitable for storing of said pressure
tank 18.
By use of the apparatus the bed part 1 is placed
in unfolded position on a substantially horizontal ground and
; the girdles 4, 5 are open. Hereinafter the body of the patient
is laid on the bed part 1 in the position shown in Fig. 2. The
girdles are tightened around the body, the girdle 4 so that the
pneumatic organ 6 will be placed in the front of the heart and
;, the girdle 5 so that the pneumatic organ 8 will be placed in
, the level of the abdomen to the left.
.
-3-
~037805
The pneumatic organs 6, 8 are by means of the hoses
11 connected to the pressure tank 18. After that the main valve
is opened the balloon 9 is filled with gas under pressure by
opening the respective valve 19. The balloon 9 is inflated
and presses as is evident from Fig. 3 the wall of the abdomen
inwards and if the balloon is in the right position, aorta
abdominalis will be pressed against the vertebral column.
Thereby the bloodstream to the lower extremeties will be
restricted and when the heart is stimulated the bloodstream will
10 substantially be directed towards the brain, which is very ' ~ -
sensitive to restrictions in the supply of blood. ~ - -
For starting of the heart stimulating operation the
second one of the valves 19 is opened. During a first period of
time the piston rod 33 is forced by the spring 32 to be in the - ~ -
position shown in Fig. 5 and the pressure gas has an unrestricted
way through the main channel 26 to the organ 6. By means of the
pressure gas the piston 22 of the organ 6 will be displaced ~ ;
against the force from the spring 23 so that the thrust plate 7
will press against the heart via the chest as shown in Fig. 4.
However, the pressure gas will escape via the branch channel 27
and the regulating valve 29 to the piston 31. When the pressure
at the piston 31 has reached a certain level the force from the
spring 32 is overcome and the piston 31 begins to move towards
the main channel 26. When the piston lifts from its seat a
larger surface of the piston is exposed to the gas pressure.
Thereby the piston is momentarily moved to its second extreme
position in which the valve body formed by the piston rod 28
closes the main channel 26. The gas entrapped between the valve -
body 33 and the piston 22 of the organ 26 escapes relatively ~,
slowly out through the two regulating valves 29, 30. Thereby
the thrust plate 7 returns to its inner position under the force
from the spring 23 against the piston 22. At the same time the
. " .
~ -4- ~ ~
~.037805
pressure in the cylinder room 28 decreases and the pressure
against the valve body 33 together with the force from the
spring 32 after a while will overcome the decreasing pressure
in the cylinder 28 whereby the valve body 33 lifts from its
seat so that the surface of the same, exposed to the pressure
in the main channel 26 increases. Consequently, the piston
31 with the piston rod 33 momentarily will return to its
original position shown in Fig. 5 and the pressure gas again
can flow unrestricted through the main channel 26 and the
hose ll to the organ 6 so that the piston 22 with the thrust
plate 7 will make a new stroke. In this way the cycle is
repeated so that the heart is mechanically stimulated by means ;
of a rythmical treatment. The frequence of the same can be
regulated by means of the regulating valves 29, 30.
By means of the shape of the bed part 1 the body
of the patient will be supported in such position that the
heart will be well exposed to external massage and aorta -
abdominalis in position to be efficiently compressed. Further-
more, the bed part can be provided to give the head a
position which will free the air passage and facilitate the
using of artificial respiration.
In spite of its complex and advanced function
the apparatus according to the invention is very easy to
handle and it is suited to be brought in function very
rapidly according to its transportability as well as to its '
easy preparation for use.
~.
~
~.
: . ~ - ~ - . ,:
~037~0~
SUPPLEMENTARY DISCLOSURE
In a further development of the present invention,
it was found of advantage to produce an arrangement wherein the
connector means is a generally rigid frame secured to the base.
Preferably, the generally rigid frame is a generally U-shaped
frame whose free ends are provided with bracket means for -- -
pivotally securing the frame to the base for pivotal movement
about an axis generally coincident with the surface of~the base
and extending transversely thereof.
An embodiment of the improved device will now be -~
described with reference to Figures 6-10, wherein:
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the resuscinator
according to the invention ready for use;
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the resuscinator
folded for transportation;
Fig. 8 is a part of a support of the resuscinator;
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the resuscinato~ and
Fig. 10 is a block diagram of the power system for
the resuscinator.
According to Fig. 6 the resuscinator according to the `
invention comprises a base 101 intended to be used as a bed and
shaped to give the person who has to be treated a suitable
position i.e. the base is provided with a portion 102 intended
to give the abdomen a raised position and a portion 103 giving
the head a backleaning position. Two control panels 102 are
provided with a control means of the power system which will
be described in the following. The base 101 is further provided
with an extension part 105 which by the shown embodiment is
shaped as a ladder made for example of metal profiles. The ~!,
extension part is in its free end provided with lifting handles
106. A support plate 107 is provided for the lower part of
the treated person's body. ', ~
:: .
--5--
. ~ '- ..
la37~0s
The resuscinator according to the invention further
comprises a device 108 for the stimulation of the heart includ-
ing first power means e.g. a piston-cylinder unit of the single
or double acting type provided at the lower portion with pushing
means 109 intended to push against the person's chest for -
rhythmical mechanical treatment of the same. -
The resuscinator further comprises a device 110 for
the compression of the aorta abdominalis formed by a second
power means, e.g. a single acting piston-cylinder unit and at - ~ -
its lower part provided with a pushing organ 112 intended to ~ -
push against the person's abdomen substantially by the aorta.
For the support of the two power means 108, 110 a
support 113 is provided attached to the base 101 at the both
opposite sides of the same. The support 113 substantially
consists of a bridge shaped frame 114 at the centre provided
with a sleeve 115 in which the power means 108 is displaceably
supported. The lower parts of the frame 114 at the opposite
sides of the base 111 are shaped as attachments 116 for the
frame which are displaceable in longitudinal direction relative
to the base 101 in a chute 108 along each one of the sides 117
of the base 101. ~ ' -
A preferred embodiment of the attachment 116 is shown
in Figg. 8 and 9 according to which figures each one of the
attachments 116 substantially consists of a plate shaped element
119. The frame 114 is pivotably connected to the element 119
by means of a pivoting means 120 and a locking means 121 is
provided at at least one of the attachments 116. The locking
means 121 for example in the known way is designed as a spring
loaded pin which in the locking position extends into an opening
in the element 119. A further opening 122 is provided in the
element 119 making the locking of the frame 114 in a folded
down position possible as shown with dashed and dotted lines
-6- ,4 . .
C '.
1037&05
in Figs. 6 and 7. The attachment 116 comprises further two
relatively to the element 119 rotatable rolls 123, which extend
into the chute on both sides of the base 101 to make it possible
to displace the support 113 in different positions relative to
- the base 101 by displacing the rolls in the chute. The support -
113 can be locked relative to the base 101 in a desired position
in the chute 108 by means of locking means 124. The locking
means 124 is in the shown embodiment connected to at least one ~ ~
of the rolls 123 and includes an eccentric element 125 which is ~ -
rotatable between a releasing position and a locking position
by means of turning means 126. Thus, the attachment-116 is ~ -
locked in the chute 118 by friction. -
The power means 110 for the compression of aorta is,
as mentioned, supported by the support 113. For this purpose
a supporting arm 127 extends from the frame 114 and, in the
shown embodiment, the arm is extendable in a telescopic way
and the power means 110 is carried at the outer end of the arm. -`
The supporting arm 124 is attached to the frame 114 to the one
leg 128 of the-same by means of a sleeve 129 which is partly
displaceable in vertical direction along the leg 128 and partly
s pivotable relative to the same. By means of this arrangement ~;
the power means 110 with the pushing plate 112 can be adjusted
to the right position in a horizontal plane and in vertical ~ -
; direction for the treatment of the person and it can also be
pivoted to a position at the side of the base 101 and the person
resting on the same. The sleeve 129 preferably has an automatic
locking on the leg 128 by means of the friction which will be `~
the effect of the turning moment on the arm 127 when the power
means 111 is activated. In Fig. 10 is shown a power system
for the two power means 108 and 110. The power means are driven
.; : .
by a pressurized medium, preferably air, delivered from a
source 130 of pressure preferably a movable pressure air -~
~ , . '
: ~ '
-: : : , . . , , . - . , ,. . ~. . ,,, ;~ .,, -: , ,
1037805
container or alternatively the resuscinator can be connected to
a conduit for pressure medium. Such conduits are commonly
installed in most hospitals. The power system is divided in
two branches, the first branch 131 leading to the power means
108 for the stimulation of the heart and a second branch 132
leading to the power means 110 for the compression of aorta.
Each branch is provided with a valve 133, 134, pressure regulator
135, 136 and a pressure gauge 137, 138 by means of which the
two power means 108, 110 can be separately activated and oper-
ated at a suitable pressure. In the branch 131 to the heartstimulating device is further a pulse generating means 139 pro-
vided which is arranged to transform the continuous pressure -
to a series of pressure pulses in the conduit 140 to the power
means 108 for the heart stimulation device by means of which
the pulse plate 109 is brought to a rhythmical vibration the
frequence of which can be adjusted by means of adjusting means -
141.
The treatment can be varied according to medical
requirements as choice of the activating of the power means 108 ~ -
or 110 or both of the pressure and frequenc~ for the powermeans 108.
The support 113 according to the invention can be
pivoted around the pivoting means 120 and can be locked in raised
as well as in laid down position. When the person intended for
treatment shall be placed on the base 111 or removed from the
same the support 111 is preferably displaced in a direction -~
towards the end of the chute 118 which is adjacent to the
manoeuvre panel 104 while the frame 114 is laid down to the
position shown in Fig. 6 with dashed-dotted lines. The support
arm 127 has to be pivoted in a position sidewise to the base.
Thus there are no obstacles for the placing of the person on
the base 101. When the person is resting on the base the sup-
port 113 has to be raised to its raised position and locked in
-
- : ~ ., ::- ,
la37~0s : ,
this position and the attachment 113 is locked in the chute
by means of the locking means 124 in a suitable position in the
centre of the chest of the person. The power means 108 for the -;~
heart stimulating device will thereafter be moved to a suitable
vertical position in the sleeve 115 and the power means 110 for -
the compression of aorta is adjusted to a correct position at
the abdomen by means of an adjustment to a correct vertical
position and to a correct pivoting angle of the arm 124 with
the same extended in a suitable position. The resuscinator is
now ready for use.
In Fig. 10 it is shown how the resuscinator according
to the invention can be folded to a less space consuming form
for transport or storing. Thereby the extendable part 155 is -
retracted in the base 101 and the frame 114 is laid down against -~
the base 101 and locked in this position by means of the locking
means 121 cooperating with the opening 122 in the attachment 119 ;
which in turn is locked by the locking means 124 in a suitable
position in the chute 118. The support arm 127 is pivoted so
.,' , .
that the power means 110 is pivoted in over the base 101. It
2Q is also possible to give the resuscinator according to the
invention other forms than the described embodiment. For example
it is possible to design the support 113 in another way than
the shown, e.g. with only one leg attached to the one side of
the base. It is also possible to arrange a separate support `'hi
or frame for the support arm 127.
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate from
both the original and supplementary disclosure that many other
embodiments of the present invention may be produced deferring
to a greater or lesser degree from the embodiments shown above.
Many such deviations, however, still fall within the scope of ` -
the present invention as defined in the accompanying claims,
both original and supplementary.
,., : '
_g~
C ' " ,'~ ' "' ~ '
;- . " - - ,- , . . -. . : . , . , . , ~,,, .,.; -
