Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
1042861
This invention relates to a disintegrator comprising
a housing including at least one pair of oppositely disposed
rotors arranged therein to rotate in opposite directions about
a common axis of rotation, each of the opposing rotor faces
carrying tools for treating material, for example comminuting,
activating or mixing.
The invention aims at providing an advantageous con
struction of the rotors such than an outwardly directed radial air
stream is obtained which stream provides the material with a path
from the inside to the outside. In addition, the invention also
aims at using the material to be treated for forming, in operation,
a protective coating on the tools.
Backgroun_ of the Invention
In known disintegrators the rotors are provided only
with beating tools, such as rods, pins, metal plates, blades, or
the like, and the formation of an air stream for discharging the
material, the degree of disintegrating and the formation of the
protective layer depend on the form, helix angle, and peripheral
velocity of said tools. With known rotors of this kind, the afore-
mentioned aims cannot be accomplished or can be accomplished onlyin part. The most frequent disadvantages are an inadequate
working of the material and an incomplete formation of the
protective layer.
The Published German Specification (Auslegeschrift)
1,296,943 of June 4, 1969 discloses a disintegrator which has
a working means consisting of two oppositely rotatable rotors,
which carry concentric circular series of blades, which serve ~,
as beating tools and have working surfaces which become covered
during operation with a protective layer of the material to be
treated.
The rotors describea in the afore-mentioned publication
have a serious disadvantage, which resides in that such rotors
cannot be used in disintegrators if the blades serving as beating
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tools have a helix angle,~ of 1~ss thah 15 . If the blades have
a helix angle~ of less than 15~, the material to be fed into
the disintegrator will be thrown back from the feed opening
because the stream of the gaseous fluid, such as air, which is
produced by the rotors opposes the stream of the particles of --
the material to be fed into the disintegrator. According to
the afore-mentioned publication, a helix angle between 20 and
is recommended for the formation of a protective layer of
the material to be treated. Finally, said publication also
proposes to provide the blades with a concave working surface.
None of these measures has proved, in operation, to be satis-
factory as far as the above-mentioned aims of the invention
are concerned.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a dis-
integrator having two motor-driven rotors which rotate in
opposite senses in a housing, each of the two rotors carrying
at least one circular series of working tools for treating
material, said circular series of working tools of said rotors
being concentric, at least one of said circular series of working
tools being provided with fan blades, said fan blades extending
within the circular series of said working tools, each of said
fan blades being disposed between two of said working tools.
Further details of the invention will be explained
more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings which
show diagrammatically a disintegrator and various designs and
arrangements of working tools and fan blades. In diagrammatic
views:
Fig. 1 is a longitudina} sectional view on a plane
extending along the axis of rotation of a disintegrator according
to a special embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line II-II in
Fig. 1, the houslng and parts thereof being omitted for the sake
of simplicity; and
Figs. 3 to 5 each show part of rotor face ring or
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rings with different designs and arrangements of tools and
fab blades.
The disintegrator shown in Fig. 1 is similar in
structure to the disintegrator disclosed in applicant's Canadian
Patent No. 983,455, issued February 10, 1976. It consists also
of a housing 10, in which two oppositely rotating rotors 1, 2
are mounted. One rotor 1 is driven by the shaft lA in the
direction of the arrow A and the other rotor 2 is driven by the
shaft 2A in the opposite direction B.
The material to be treated is worked upon by working
tools 6, which form three concentric circular series 3, 4, 5 and
may consist of blades serving as beating and/or mixing tools. In
the present case the working tools of the outermost circular
series 5 and of the innermost circular series 3 are carried by -
the rotor 1 and the working tools ~f the intervening circular
series 4 are carried by the rotor 2. For this purpose the blades
of each circular series are gripped between two parallel rings
- 3A, 3B or 4A, 4B or 5A, 5B. The rings 3A and 5A are carried by
a disc lB of rotor 1 and the ring 4B is carried by a disc 2B of
rotor 2.
The form, arrangement and number of the working tools
arranged in concentric circular series and their provision on
oppositely rotating rotors may be different from the above, e.g., ;~
in accordance with the above-mentioned Canadian Patent No. 983,455.
In the simplest embodiment, shown in Fig. 2, the -~ -
blades consist of flat plates. Alternatively they may be concave
or, as shown in Fig~. 3 to 5, angled. The base plat~ 7 of this
beating blade has a helix angle d, which is measured outwardly
from a place 71 extending peripherally at the leading edge of
the blade (tangential plcme). -
In angled beating tools, the angled portion 6' or 6" ~--
i~ shorter than the remaining portion 6~' and amounts preferably -
to one-half or less of the overall length of the beating tools
consisting of a blade or plate. The shorter portion 6' or 6" -
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ls inclined from portion 6'n toward the center of the rotor.
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As is apparent from Fig. 3, the angled end portions 6', 6" may
be provided at both ends of portion 6"' or, in accordance with
the embodiment of Fig. 5, only at one end thereof, in the present
case preferably at the trailing end. They are preferably made
of or coated with cermet and are replaceably mounted. Finally,
as is shown in Fig. 3, the outer edges of portions 6', 6", which
outer edges face the axis of the motor, may be covered with
protective strips 10. Instead of blades it is possible to use
pins, bolts or different working tools. Depending on the
working program, different combinations of the described beating
or working tools can be used.
Fan blades 8 are pn~nded between the working tools or
at that end of each working tool of the outermost circular series
5 which is the leading end when the rotor 1 is rotating. Like
the working tools 6, the fan blades 8 are gripped between the
rings which carry them and may have any desired shape, e.g., of
a plate, finger, or the like. They serve to ensure that the
material to be treated flows in an outward direction and also to
form a protective layer of the material to be treated on that
surface of the beating tools which faces the rotor axis. This
protective layer should be formed regardless of the helix angle
. The same may be less than 15 for certain operations whereas
a larger angle, e.g., of 20-30 , may be more desirable for other
operations.
The fan blades 8 may be disposed within the outer
circular series 5 of tools, as i8 shown in Fig. 2, or may protrude
outwardly, as is shown in Fig. 4. They extend suitably radially
and preferably include an angle of 90 with the plane of the
beating tool. Further advantages may be afforded by the use of
fan blades extending beyond the inner edge of the beating tool,
particularly if the latter consists of a blade or plate. An
example of such design is shown in Fig. 5. It will be understood
that, within the scope of the invention, different positions and
arrangements of the fan blades and different angles thereof
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relative to the beating tools may be selected. For instance,
the above~mentioned preferred angular position relative to the
angled portion 6' or 6" of the beating tool may be employed.
The length 1 of the fan blades 8 is selected so that
the stream of gaseous fluid, which stream is generated by said
blades, has an intensity which is sufficient to overcome the
oppositely directed stream produced by the beating tools 6.
This ensures a normal action of the rotors so that the particles
of material fed into the central portion of the rotors impinge
on the beating tools 6 which are covered with a protective
layer of the material to be treated and the stream of the gaseous
fluid promotes the discharge of the particles.
The change of the length 1 of the fan blades 8 results
in a change of the granulometric composition of the activated
material. This enables the selection of an optimally suitable
granulometric composition for definite technological requirements.
Because the use of fan blades 8 permits also the use of beating
tools having a helix angle~ below 15 , stronger and more durable
protective layers will be formed on the beating tools, partic- ~ -
ularly in the treatment of wet mixtures, than with the known
rotors.
For the sake of clearness the housing 10 is shown in
the present case as a simple box having end walls 11, 12, a ~ -
peripheral wall 13 and a feed pipe 14 for feeding the material
to be treated into the central portion of the working chamber ~;
enclosed by the housing. The housing 10 may have any desired,
suitable shape. For instance, the housing may be designed as ;-
described in the above-mentioned Canadian Patent No. 983,455. ~
A 8tationary housing may also be used, of course. -
It will be understood that various other structural
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changes may be adopted within the course of the invention.
For instance, the working tools may comprise means for
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cutting various materials, such as plastics materials, fibers,
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composite materials, rubber or other tough materials and for
this purpose may be provided with cutting edges.
This is particularly possible with pinlike beating
tools.
The fan means may not only be used in conjunction
with baffle plates but also in conjunction with pinlike beating
tools. Pinlike working tools are particularly important and
of advantage for grinding cereals or cement clinker, and all
soft materials which cannot by themselves form a sufficiently
hard protective layer on the plates are desirably treated with
pinlike working tools. The number of circular series on the
oppositely rotating rotors and the sequence of said circular
series may be selected as desired. Besides, fan blades may
be provided on the inner circular series.
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