Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
1047767
1 The present invention relates to an apparatus for
gasifying high~temperature, high-pressure coal, etc. mainly
applicable to a complex system of generating electricity by a gas
turbines and a steam turbines.
Heretofore, many studies have been conducted with
reference to an apparatus for gasifying coal, etc., and some
small-scale gasifying furnaces have been commercialized, however,
conventional apparatuses aim at production of a gas as raw material
for synthesis or production of a coal gas, none of then being
applicable to a large-capacity highly-efficient thermal-power
station using coal.
At present, strenuous studies are going on in many
countries of the world, however, even if these studies are taken
into consideration, what satisfies all the basic conditions re-
;~ quired as an apparatus for gasification for generating electric-
ity cannot be found.
When main conditions required of an apparatus for gas-
ification for generating electricity are listed, they become as
follows:
a. That the capacity of such apparatus can be made
large.
b. That such apparatus can be easily started and
stopped and change of a load of such apparatus is
easy.
c. That such apparatus can be stably operated.
d. That such apparatus is unlikely to be limited by
the kind and particle size of coal.
- e. That by using air, such apparatus hardly uses
oxygen and even if used, the amount of oxygen is
small.
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1 f. That carbon efficiency of such apparatus is high.
g. That the pressure of such apparatus can be made high.
Namely, because an apparatus for gasification for gen-
erating electricity uses air as a main gasifying agent, the
produced gas is a low calorie gas of 600 Kcal/Nm - 2000 Kcal/
Nm and storing and transportatiOn of the produced gas are diffi-
cult. Accordingly, an apparatus for gasification for generating
electricity becomes a part of the electricity generating system
and is directly connected to a power plant. Therefore, it is -
necessary that said apparatus should be in conformity with the
conditions of the power plant. It is àpparent that as the
conditions of a power plant, as the ratio of generation of
electricity by atomic energy difficult to very a load will be-
come high in the future, a coal power plant will be strongly
required to be easy in starting and stopping and change of a load
as an inevitable consequence.
When conventional gasification furnaces are seen in
- the light of the aforesaid conditions, it has been held that a
Lurgi-type gasification apparatus of a fixed bed system has
problems in the aforementioned a, b, d and e, while a Copper-type
gasification apparatus has problems in the aforementioned a, c,
d, e and f.
When apparatuses for gasification for generating
; electricity under study at present are classified in terms of
the form of the gasification furnace, except a Lurgi-type
apparatus for gasification which is only one fixed bed system,
they can be classified to a jet system (a system of blowing
finely divided coal into a high-temperature atmosphere of a
gasification furnace and gasifying said finely divided coal in a
floating state in a gasifying agent) and a fluidizing bed system
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1047767
1 (a system of gasifying powdered coal of a size below several mm
in a high-pressure gas in a suspended state on a fluidizing bed).
Namely,
A. Jet system:
A jet system gasification apparatus using finely
divided coal most sufficiently satisfies the aforementioned
requirement of making large the capacity and facilitating start-
ing, stopping and change of a load. On the other hand, because
gasification is completed within a short period of time in this
system, a high temperature is necessary and the temperature ex-
- ceeds the melting point of ashes, therefore, fusion of clinkers
is brought about on the internal wall,nozzle and upper flue of
the gasification furnace, which tends to become a reason for
trouble. In a jet-system gasification furnace under atmospheric
pressure, because the capacity of the furnace is large, this
problem may be managed to be solved, however, in a high-pressure
- gasification furnace, because the capacity of the furnace is
small, the influence of fusion of clinkers is remarkable, and by
conventional high-pressure gasification furnaces having been
20 heretobefore proposed, this problem cannot be solved.
B. Fluidizing bed system:
~ In a fluidizing bed-system gasification apparatus, coal
- is gasified at a temperature in the vicinity of the softening
point of ashes or lower, said trouble of clinkers may be avoided,
however, for consideratlon of the relatively large particle size
of coal, the reaction temperature is low and the reaction time
:- required for gasification is extremely (generally for several to
dozens of minutes) long, therefore, the hold-up of coal in a
- fluidizing bed is large, the correspondence of the gasification
furnace to starting, stopping and change of a load of the power
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` 1047767
1 plant is poor and there is a drawback that carbon loss is large
because of departure of finely divided char from the fluidizing
bed.
Further, as a method of taking out ashes from the
" fluidizing bed, generally methods of granulating ashes at the
lower portion of the furnace are adopted. According to this
method, the temperature of the granulating portion is raised to
the vicinity of the softening point of ashes, adhering one ash
particle to another to increase the particle size and taking out
10 the particles, however, in this method, at the time of sudden ;~
stop of the gasification apparatus, the ashes possibly adhere to
T the peripheral wall inside the furnace to cause trouble.
- An object of the present invention is to improve the
aforementionsd drawbacks of the conventional apparatuses, at the
same time, to make a low calorie gas from coal, etc. using air
or a gasifying agent consisting mainly of air and steam at a high
temperature under a high pressure as a gas used for a complex
electricity generating system consisting of gas turbines, a
waste heat boilers and steam turbines, etc.
Another object of the present invention is to provide
a most ideal gasification apparatus which is large in capacity
of one machine, excellent in correspondence to change in kind of
coal, capable of utilizing coal to its finely divided particles, -
using as a gasifying agent, inexpensive air mainly or completely,
little in trouble of adherence due to coking property of coal
and little in trouble due to fusion of ashes at the time of
gasification, and excellent in correspondence of a gasification
furnace to start, stop and change of a load most strongly re~uired
as a power plant.
H-reinbelow, examples of the apparatus for gasifying
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1(~47767
1 coal, etc. according to the present invention will be specific-
ally explained based on the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 are schematic views showing embodi-
ments of the apparatus for gasifying coal, etc. according to the
present invention. Figs. 1 and 2 roughly explain the first
- invention; Fig. 3 roughly explains the second invention. Fig. 4
roughly explains the third invention. Fig. 5 roughly explains
the fourth invention.
In Fig. 1 through Fig. 5, the same numeral shows the
same part or a portion carrying out the same function.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show embodiments of the first inven-
tion of the apparatus of the present invention, respectively. In
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, 1 is a gasification apparatus proper providing
a fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2 disposed upstream of the
flow of gas and a jet-system reaction chamber 1-1 disposed under-
stream of the flow of gas, 2 is a hopper for a material to be
gasified such as coal, 3 is a supply pipe one side of which is
connected to the lower side of said hopper 2, provided with a
constant quantity supply device 4 and a check valve 5 in the
pipe passage and the other side of which supply pipe opens in a
nozzle-like state into said jet-system reaction chamber 1-1.
6 is a high-speed fluid supply pipe, one side of which
is connected to downstream of said check valve 5 of said supply
pipe 3, provided with a flowing amount control valve 7 in the
pipe passage and another side of which supply pipe is connected
to a high-pressure fluid source (not shown). 8 and 9 are gasify-
ing agent supply pipes, one sides of which are connected to said
jet-system reaction chamber 1-1, respectively, for example, 8
is a high-pressure air supply pipe and 9 is a high-pressure
overheated steam supply pipe and the other sides of which supply
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`' 1 pipes are connected to a high-pressure air supply source and a
high-pressure overheated steam supply source (both not shown).
10 is an exit flue (flue of the exit), one side of which is
connected to the upper part of said jet-system reaction chamber
1-1,11 is adust removing device to the side of which, the other
side of said exit flue 10 is connected and provided with a pro-
duced gas take-out pipe 12 at the upper part thereof, 13 is a
collected solid transfer pipe, one side of which is connected to
the lower part of said dust removing device, provided with a
check valve 14 in the pipe passage and the other side of which
pipe opens to the fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2, 15 is a
high-pressure fluid (for example, air or steam or a produced gas)
supply pipe, one side of which is connected to said collected
: solid transfer pipe 13 downstream of said check valve 14, provid-
ed with a flowing amount control valve 16 in the pipe passage and
the other side of which pipe is connected to a high-pressure
fluid source (not shown), 17 and 19 are supply pipes, one sides -
of which are connected to the lower part of said fluidizing bed
reaction chamber 1-2, respectively, provided with flowing amount -
control valves 18 and 20 in the pipe passage, respectively and
the other sides of which pipes are connected to a gasifying
agent supply source (not shown), for example, 17 is a high-
.
pressure air pipe and 18 is a high-pressure overheated steam
pipe.
21 is a gasifying agent dispersing device provided in
the vicinity of the lower part of said fluidizing bed reaction
,i chamber 1-2, 22 is an ash take-out guide pipe provided inside
;~
said fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2, and 23 is an ash take-
out pipe, one side of which is connected to said ash take-out
guide pipe 22 and provided with a lock hopper 24 in the pipe
`~ passage.
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47767
1 The difference between the apparatuses of Fig. 1 and
Fig. 2 is that in the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, a gas communi-
cating pipe 1-3 is provided midway between the jet-system reaction
chamber 1-1 and the fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2
constituting the gasification apparatus proper.
In apparatuses shown by Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a material
to be gasified (coal finely divided to 100-200 mesh, urban waste
or coarse oil, hereinafter coal will be taken as an example of
the material to be gasified and explained) of the hopper for a
material to be gasified 2 is blown from the supply pipe 3 by the
- constant quantity supply device 4 into the lower portion inside
the jet-system reaction chamber 1-1 having a pressure of about
10 kg/cm2 - 20 kg/cm2 together with a fluid for transportation,
for example, high-pressure air supplied from the high-pressure
fluid supply pipe 6. While the material to be gasified blown in
rises inside the jet-system reaction chamber 1-1 together with a
gasifying agent such as air and overheated steam blown in ~rom
the high-pressure air supply pipe 8 and the high-pressure over-
heated steam supply pipe 9 and a high-temperature hot gas supplied
from the fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2, said material is
rapidly carbonized at a high temperature of 800C - 1100C to
produce char (carbide) and subsequently to be gasified as shown
'!~ in the following formulae
C + 2 ~ C2 and to produce a crude gas:
; C + 1/2 2 --- ~ CO
+ C2 ~ - - ~2CO
O + H2O - - - ~ H2
- The produced crude gas and the unreacted char reach the
~.,.
dust removing device 11 via the exit flue 10. In the dust
removing device 11, the crude gas is separated from the char,
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~047767
1 and the resultant clean gas is supplied to, for example, the
combus~ion chamber of a gas turbine of a complex power plant via
a desulfurizing and dust removing device (not shown).
The ashes and unreacted char separated from the produced
gas in the dust removing device 11 are forwarded from the high-
pressure fluid supply pipe 15 via the collected solid transfer
pipe 13 and they are supplied to the fluidizing bed reaction
chamber 1-2 together with, for example, high-pressure air. At
the same time, from the gasifying agent supply pipes 17 and 19,
tO high-pressure air and overheated steam are blown in, respectively ~ -
via the dispersing device 21, said unreacted char supplied into
the fluidzing bed reaction chamber 1-2 is burnt or gasified in a
fluidized state, and a high-temperature hot gas produced is, as
mentioned above, supplied to the lower part of the jet-system
reactiOn chamber 1-1~ On the other hand, ashes produced are
forwarded from the ash take-out pipe 23 via the ash take-out
guide pipe 22 to the lock hopper 24, where the pressure of the
ashes is returned -to atmospheric pressure and taken out to the
outside.
The first invention of the apparatus of the present
invention in which at least a gas stream communicates which c~m-
prises providinq a fluidizing bed reaction chamber disposed
upstream and a jet-system reaction chamber disposed downstream,
providing in said jet-system reaction chamber, means for supply-
ing a material to be gasified such as coal`and a gasifying agent,
providing in the exit flue of said jet-system reaction chamber,
a dust removing device, said fluidizing bed reaction chamber
~, having a system of supplying collected solid of said dust remov-
r ing device, at the same time, having means for supplying a
.~ 30 gasifying agent and means for taking out ashes, therefore, it has
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1 the following excellent advantages.
la) There is no trouble in clinkers in concomitance with
adherence of ashes.
In a finely divided coal jet-system gasification
furnace, because the residence time of coal in the furnace is
short, the gasifying speed of coal is fast, and because gasifi-
cation is carried out at a high temperature, ashes in a high-
temperature atmosphere are in a molten state. In a high-pressure
gasification apparatus utilized for a complex electricity
generating system, the capacity of the furnace is small and
adherence of fused ashes to the internal wall of the furnace
- becomes a large obstacle. In the apparatus of the present inven-
tion, despite the fact that it is of a jet system of finely
divided coal, carbonization and gasification of coal as well as
combustion or gasification of the unreacted char are carried out
at a relatively low temperature without adherence of ashes,
therefore, trouble such as blockade due to fusion of ashes can
be avoided.
:
lb) By possessing a finely divided coal jet-system reaction
chamber, it has the characteristics of a jet-system gasification
furnace of easiness to make large the capacity, good followability
to start, stop and change of a load, non-limitation by the kind-
and particles size of coal and non-existence of a product harm-
ful or requiring a treatment due to complete gasification. These
characteristics are derived from the fine particle size of coal,
large surface area of coal, and thin thickness of a produced ash
laye~, an account of which the gasification speed of coal is fast
as compared with a fluidizing bed at the same temperature and
. .
under the same partial pressure of gas, the hold-up amount is
smal1 and the coking property of coal rapidly disappears. For
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1 example, because there is little limitation in size of a gasifi-
cation chamber and in number and disposition of burner nozzles,
expansion in capacity of the treated amount of coal per one
gasification furnace, ~tart, stop and change of a load of the
gasification furnace are easy and the first invention of the
apparatus of the present invention is suitable for alarge-capacity
thermal power station.
lc) By combining the jet-system reaction chamber with the
fluidizing bed reaction chamber, not only the present invention
concurrently has the characteristics of the two, but also has a
great characteristics that consideration is so made as not to
bring about fusion of ashes inside the furnace and the reaction
time is short. Originally, the two systems are greatly differ-
ent in the range of operating temperature and particle size of
~.,
coal, and such coal gasification apparatus as that of the present
invention has heretofore been not seen.
For example, in an ordinary fluidizing bed gasification
system, at the particle size of coal of about 3 mm and under, the
residence time of 30 - 50 minutes is necessary, the hold-up of
coal is often and correspondence to start, stop and change
of a load becomes poor.
The present invention is characterized by combination
~ of the jet system and the fluidizing bed system as mentioned
r, above, by the use of finely divided coal, the apparatus of the
: present invention not only has the effect mentioned in la) above,
but also in the fluidizing bed, time required for combustion or
~' gasification is greatly shortened by the same reason as mentioned
in lb) above,hold-up of the char is less often by that proportion
and correspondence to start, stop and change ofa load is improved.
,:"
~ 30 In the fluidizing bed reaction chamber using finely
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1 divided coal, by raising the reaction temperature to one close to
the softening point of ashes and selecting conditions under
which one ash adheres to another to some extent and being made
into particles, a granulation phenomenon is brought about in
ashes and finely divided particles of the unreacted char and the
particles produced form a fluidizing bed.
ld) The system of the present invention is suitable
- essentially as a high-pressure coal gasification apparatus used
for a complex electricity generating (power) system consisting of
gas turbines and steam turbines. Namely, in order to make a
gasification apparatus, a high-pressure type, it is easier to do
`~ so when the capacity of a gasification furnace is small. How-
;; ever, in an ordinary jet-system gasification apparatus, because
ashes are fused, the problem of the size of capacity may be
managed to be dealt with somehow or other when the pressure is
.
atmospheric pressure, but in a high-pressure type in which the
capacity of a gasification furnace is small, the adhered amount
of ashes is large for the capacity of the furnace and trouble
becomes more remarkable. Also, in the case of a high pressure, ~-
; 20 it is difficult to remove ashes tightly fused, therefore, trouole
is increased in this respect also.
le) A crude low-calorie gas produced at the exit of the
gasification apparatus is, when subsequently used in combination
with a high-temperature, high-pressure dust removing device or a
desulfurization ai~d dust removing device, able to keep the
`~ temperature of a produced gas high at the entrance of the burner
of a gas turbine~, therefore, suffice it to obtain a generated
amount of heat of above about 600 ~cal/Nm2, which is in a very
advantageous direction as conditions on the side of the gasifi-
cation apparatus.
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1~47767
1Fig. 3 shows one embodiment of the second invention of
the apparatus of the present invention. In Fig. 3, 25 is a
collected solid distributor provided in a collected solid trans-
fer pipe 13, and 26 is a collected solid c;rculation, transfer
pipe, one side of which is connected to said collected solid
distributor 25, provided with a check valve 2~ in the pipe
passage and the other side of which pipe opens to a jet-system
reaction chamber 1-1. 28 is a high-pressure fluid supply pipe,
one side of which is connected to said collected solid circula-
tion transfer pipe 26 on the downstream side of the check valve
27, provided with a flowing amount control valve 29 in the pipe
-passage. As a high-pressure fluid, for example, air, steam or
a produced gas may be used.
In such way, it is possible to constitute a circular -
passage connecting the jet-system reaction chamber 1-1, exit
flue 10, dust removing device 11, collected solid transfer pipe
13, collected solid distributor 25 and collected solid circula-
tion, transfer pipe 26. Accordingly, a part of ashes and
unreacted char collected and separated in the dust removing
device 11 is supplied by the collected solid distributor 25 via
the collected solid transfer pipe 13 to, for examplP, the lower
part of the jet-system reaction chamber 1-1 from the collected
solid circulation, transfer pipe 26 and rises inside the jet-
system reaction chamber 1-1 while further undergoing gasification
by a hot gas supplied from a fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2,
high-pressure air and high-pressure overheated steam supplied
from gasifying agent supply pipes 8 and 9 to reach the dust
removing device 11 via the exit flue 10.
The second invention of the apparatus of the present
invention has a system of circulating and supplying a part of
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1 the collected solid of the dust removing device, namely, a part
of the unreacted char collected and separated into the jet-
system reaction chamber 1-1, therefore, it has the following
excellent advantages.
2a) As mentioned above, by providing a system of c;rculating
and supplying the primary component of the collected solid, for
example, char into the jet-system reaction chamber 1-1, it is
possible to take long the reaction time of char in the jet-
system reaction chamber 1-1 and by properly establishing the
circulation ratio of the char in the collected solid distributor
25, it is possible to easily control a reaction time required
for gasification of the char, therefore, coal of any kind,
accordingly coal having any reaction rate may be gasified.
As the gasification proceeds, the ash content in the ~ -
particles of the reacted char increases and the gasification
reaction rate lowers, however, because they are finally subject-
ed to a combustion treatment faster in reaction rate, the entire
reaction time is short and the carbon-utilizing ratio becomes
high.
2b) By possessing the aforementioned system of circulating
and supplying char, the gasification ratio in the jet-system
reaction chamber rises, therefore, it is possible to freely
control the amount of the unreacted char in the circulating char
supplied to the fluidizing bed reaction chamber, accordingly, i~
becomes possible to freely select the optimum combustion and
gasification conditions in the fluidizing bed or conditions such
as the flowing speed of the gasifying agent, and it is possible
to sufficiently burn and gasify the finely divided coal while
repressing departure of the finely divided coal in the fluidiz-
ing bed reaction chamber to the minumum level.
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1 Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the third invention of
the apparatus of the present invention. In Fig. 4, 30 is an ash
separator, the entrance side of which is connected to another
side of an ash take-out pipe 23, 31 is an ash take-out pipe, one
side of which is connected to said ash separator 30, and 32 is a
fluidizing medium circulation, transfer pipe, one side of which
is connected to the exit side of said ash separator 30, the
pipe passage of which is connected to a fluidizing medium supply -
pipe 33, a fluidized medium supply device 34 is provided in said
pipe passage and the other side of which pipe 32 opens to the
fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2. In this Fig. 4, an explana-
tion is made in the form of a transfer pipe, however, said 32
is not necessarily limited thereto, but other transporation means
such as conveyor may be applied as transfer means. 35 is a high-
pressure fluid supply pipe, one side of which is connected to
said transfer pipe 32 of the downstream side and provided with a
flowing amount control valve 36 in the pipe passage. 37 is a - -~
. .
fluid blow-in pipe, one side of which is connected to said ash
separator 30 and provided with a flowing amount control valve 38
in the pipe passage. 39 is a fluid discharge pipe, one side of
which is connected to said ash-separator 30. However, depending
upon the form of sa1d ash separator 30, said fluid blow-in pipe
37 and said fluid discharge pipe 39 need not necessarily be
provided.
In Fig. 4, from the fluidizing medium supply pipe 33,
a fluidizing medium composed of inert particles having a particle
size larger than that of finely divided coal, for example, sand,
etc. is supplied to the transfer pipe 32 and supplied to the
fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2 together with a high-pressure
- 30 fluid forwarded from said supply pipe 35 via said supply device
(34). In the fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2, said fluidizing
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1 medium forms a fluidizing bed by high-p:ressure fluids
Supplied from high-pressure fluid supply pipes 17 and 19. A
part of said fluidizing medium is taken out together with ashes,
from an ash take-out guide pipe 22 and reaches the ash separator 30
via the ash take-out pipe 23 and a lock hopper 24, where 30
ashes are separated from the fluidizing medium, the separated
ashes are taken out from the take-up pipe 31 and transferred to
ash scrap facilities (not shown). The remaining fluidizing
medium is again circulated and supplied to the fluidizing bed
reaction chamber 1-2 via the transfer pipe 32 and the supply
device 34. The fluid blow-in pipe 37 and the fluid discharge
pipe 39 are used as supply and discharge pipe passages when
separation of ashes from the fluidizina medium is carried out in
the form of cyclone in the ash separator 30, and depending upon
the form of separating ashes such as separation by gravity, they
are not used.
The third invention of the apparatus of the present
invention has means for supplying the fluidizing medium to the
fluidizing bed reaction chamber and means for taking out the
fluidizing medium together with ashes from the same fluidizing
bed reaction chamber, by which it has the following excellent
advantages.
3a) By adding the fluidizing medium it has a proper gas
speed for forming a fluidizing bed, at the same time, it is
possible to form a fluidizing bed in which combustion or gasifi-
cation of char is possible by finely divided char and ashes, and
under conditions of substantially no adhesion of pulverized
bodies, by repressing departure of the finely divided particles
from the fluidizing bed to a relatively small state, combustion
or gasification of the finely divided chars becomes possible in
the fluidizing bed.
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1 3b) Because the pulverized bodies are in the aforesaid
conditions of substantially no adhesion, clinker trouble due to
fused ashes can be avoided, at the same time, stop of the
fluidizing bed may be immediately effected by mere stop of a
gasifying agent for fluidization and start of fluidization may
be immediately effected by mere sending of the same gasifying
agent, and the reaction in the fluidizing bed may be started by
raising the temperature of the fluidizing layer. Therefore, the
operation is very simple and quick. Accordingly, the correspond-
ence to start, stop and change ofa load of a gasification furnaceis excellent. And the third invention of the apparatus of the
present invention may be called suitable as a high-pressure
gasification apparatus for a complex power plant.
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the fourth invention of
the apparatus of the present invention. In Fig. 5, 40 is a
hopper for a desulfurizing agent, 41 is a desulfurizing agent
supply pipe, one side of which is connected to the lower part of
said hopper 40, provided with a constant quantity supply device
42 in the pipe passage and the other side of which 41 is connect-
20 ed to a supply pipe 3 between a device for supplying a constant -
quantity of a material to be gasified 4 and a check valve 5. Said
desulfurizing agent supply pipe 41 may be directly opened to a
jet-system reaction chamber 1-1 as a matter of fact.
As a desulfurizing agent, for example, finely divided
particles of a calcium salt such as lime stone and dolomite are
supplied from said hopper for a desulfurizing agent 40 via said
constant quantity supply device 42 to the pipe for supplying a
material to be gasified 3. Via said supply pipe 3, said particles
of a calcium salt are blown into a jet-system reaction chamber
1-1 together with the material fo be gasified. Said particles
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1 react with hydrogen sulfide produced from the material to be
gasified to produce calcium sulfide in said reaction chamber 1-1.
The calcium sulfide so produced is introduced together with ashes
and the unreacted char into a dust removing device 11 via an
exit flue 10. In the dust removing device 11, the calcîum
sulfide is separated from a crude produced gas, and introduced
together wtih ashes, unreacted char and unreacted calcium salt
into a collected solid distributor 25 via a collected solid
transfer pipe 13. In the collected solid distributor 25, a part
of them is circulated and supplied to the jet-system reaction
chamber 1-1 via a collected solid circulation, transfer pipe 26,
in said reaction chamber 1-1, the unreacted calcium salt further
undergoes said reaction, absorbing hydrogen sulfide to produce
calcium sulfide. On the other hand, from said collected solid
distributor 25, the remaining ashes, unreacted char, producèd
calcium sulfide and unreacted calcium salt are forwa~ded to a
fluidizing bed reaction chamber 1-2 via the transfer pipe 13,
.. .. .
where 1-2 calcium sulfide is oxidized to gypsum by oxygen in a
gasifying agent, stabilized and thereafter reaches an ash
separator 30 via an ash take-out guide guide pipe 22 and an ash
take-out pipe 23, where 30 the gypsum is separated together with
ashes and discharged to the outside of the system from an ash
take-out pipe 31.
The fourth invention of the apparatus of the present
invention has a system of supplying a desulfurizing agent in
the jet-system reaction chamber, by which it has the following
excellent advantages.
4a) Hydrogen sulfide in a crude produced gas prod~uced in-
side the jet-system reaction chamber beina separated from the
crude produced gas as, for example, calcium sulfate, the produced
gas is a clean gas containing trace of hydrogen sulfide only.
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1 4b) Because the aforesaid desulfurization reaction is
carried out simultaneously with gasification inside the ~et-
system reaction chamber, desulfuriZation may be aehieved by in-
expensive facilities by providing a device for supplying, for
example, a calcium salt as a desulfurizing agent.
4c) In the fluidizing bed reaction ehamber, by oxidizing
the aforesaid caleium sulfide to stable gypsum, ashes may be
easily treated without bringing about environmental pollu~ion
without providing any speeial apparatus.
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