Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
J13~7
In the production of seamless tubing, it is conventional
for a heated, cylindrical workpiece to be simultaneously rotated
and driven over a piercing mandrel to form a tube. The pierced,
tubular workpiece may then be directed to a plug mill, for enlarg-
ing of diameter and reduction of wall thickness, and then further
directed to a reeling operation where the workpiece is rapidly
rotated and passed over a mandrel to ~mprove roundness. In all
of the before described operations, of piercing, sizing in the
plug mill, and reeling, the workpiece is driven over a mandrel
which carries at its upstream end a mandrel plug of appropriate
size and shape. In each instance, after passage of a workpiece
over the mandrel, the mandrel plug is removed from the mill for
cooling and is replaced by a fresh plug. The present invention
is directed more particularly to techniques for the changing of
the mandrel plugs in piercing and reeling mills.
A magazine, for re~aining a circulating inventory of
mandrel plugs, is movably mounted on the downstream side of the
mill rolls. The magazine has a plurality of pockets for retaining
mandrel plugs, and has a working position located generally directly
below the pass line of the mill and at an upwardly inclined angle
intersecting the pass line slightly downstream of the working
bite of the mill rolls. Fresh mandrel plugs are successively brought
into the working position, from which they are advanced along an
upwardly inclined transfer chute, by means of a plug pusher ram.
A portion of the transfer chute may be mounted for pivoted movement
such that, when a fresh mandrel plug is positioned on the pivoting
section, it may be swung upward into the pass line of the mill
to facilitate joining of the mandrel plug and the mandrel. In
other cases, the upper section of the transfer chute may be so
contoured as to enable the mandrel plug, as it is elevated along
the transfer chute by the pusher mechanism, to be properly aligned
with the pass line axis of the mill.
In piercing and reeling mills, the working rolls of the
~ 503~7
mill are mounted in a horizontal:Ly opposed arrangement, and the
workpiece is supported between the rolls by means of longitudinally
grooved mill shoes, which confine the workpiece vertically while
permitting it to rotate and advance longitudinally. These mill
shoes are subject to substantial wear and must be replaced with
relative frequency. Accordingly, it is an additional aspect of
the invention to provide a novel arrangement for mounting and
securing mill shoes in a piercing or reeling mill, such that ~he
down time involved in effecting a change of mill shoes may be
significantly reduced as compared to conventional means. The
upper mill shoe is secured by a releasable clamp, which enables
the shoe to drop down onto the lower shoe (or onto a filler
block inserted between the shoes). The lower mill shoe is mounted
on a horizontal slide mechanism, and this mechanism is actuated
after the upper shoe has been released and serves to unclamp
simultaneously the lower shoe and to deliver physically the unclamped
upper and lower shoes to an accessible position on the do~stream
side of the mill rolls. The mill shoes are thus easily accessible
to an overhead hoist or crane, for easy removal and replacement.
After new shoes have been put into position, the horizontal slide
mechanism is retracted back into the area of the mill bite, which
not only carries the mill shoes back into the working area, but
also lorks the lower shoe and its adapter into position, automatic-
ally, when the mechanism reaches its working position. The upper
mill shoe is then engaged and locked into position by its clamping
mechanism, after which the mill is again ready for operation.
Provision is made for simplifying and expediting the
complete removal from the mill of the so-called chair assembly
which a~ustably supports the upper mill shoe and its adapter,
in order to facilitate change of mill shoes and mill shoe adapters
for accommodation of a new size of tubing in the mill. To this
end, the chair assembly for the upper mill shoe is adjusted and
locked into position by a combination of upwardly acting fluid
1~5~3~7
cylinders and do~nwardly acting screw-downs. To effect complete
release of the chair assembly, the fluid cylinders are retracted
slightly, and the downwa~dly act:ing screw-downs, advantageously
in the form of Tee-headed bolts, are manipulated to a release
orientation, enabling the upper chair and its support to be bodily
removed from the mill. Af~er change of the mill shoe adapter and/or
of the upper chair itself, if necessary, the entire assembly is
reinserted into the mill cap, the Tee-headed screw-down bolts
are turned to a locking orientation, and the assembly is locked
back into position by energizing of the upwardly acting cylinders.
An important practical advan~age of this arrangement is that the
upwardly acting fluid cylinders in continuously urging the mill
cap upward against the Tee-headed screw-downs, eliminate backlash
in the hold-down system.
All the various features are designed to expedite the
non-productive aspects of mill operation, particularly change of
mandrel plugs and change of mill shoes and adapters, such that the
mill can be maintained in production operation during a maximum
percentage of its working ~ime. Because of the extremely high
capital costs of such mills, it will be readily understood that
important advan~ages can be achieved by increasing the actual
production output of a given mill through reduction of down time.
For a more complete understanding of the above cmd other
features and advantages of the invention, reference should be made
to the following detailed description of illustrated embodiments,
and to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a fragmentary end elevational view of a plug
changer ins-tallation according to the invention, as incorporated
in a typical piercing mill.
Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the plug changer of Fig. 1,
with parts broken away to illustrate certain details.
Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view as taken generally on
line 3-3 of Fig. 2.
-- 3 --
3~7
Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view, similar to Fig. 3,
showing the plug changer mechanism in a condition a~ter having
delivered a mandrel plug to the pass line of the mill.
Figs. 5 and 6 are cross sectional views as taken
generally on lines 5~5, 6-6 respectively of Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a cross sect:Lonal view as taken generally on
line 7-7 of Fig. 3.
Fig. 8 is a fragmentary cross sectional view, similar
to tha~ of Fig. 3, illustrating the mechanism in position for
effecting a change of mill shoes.
Figs. 9 and 10 are cross sectional views as taken
generally along lines 9-9, 10-10 respectively of Fig. 2.
Figs. 11 and 12 are cross sectional views as taken
generally on lines 11-11, 12-12 respectively of Fig. 3O
Fig. 13 is a cross sectional view, similar to Fig. 3,
illustrating the piercing mill arrangement of Figs. 1-12, as
modified to incorporate a different size of mill shoe and mill
sho~ adapter, for processing of a larger size of tubing.
Fig. 14 is a top plan view of a piercing mill as in
Figs. 1-13, illustrating an improved arrangement for expediting
removal o~ the upper chair and its mounting cap, for change of
the upper adapter block and/or chair bracket.
Fig. 15 is a side elevational view of the mill of Fig.
14.
Fig. :L6 is an enlarged, fragmentary view, illustrating
details of the mill cap and upper chair mounting means, with parts
broken away to show details of the hold-down means.
Fig. 17 is an end elevational view of a mandrel plug
magazine and loading arrangement adapted particularly for use
in conj~mction with a reeling mill.
Fig. 18 is a top plan view of the magazine and plug
changer arrangement of Fig. 17.
Figs. 19 and 20 are cross sectional views as taken
~ 3 ~ 7
generally on lines 19-19, 20-20 o~ ~igs. 1~ and lg respectively.
Fig. 21 is a fragmen~ary cross sectional view as taken
generally on line 21-21 of Fig. 18.
Fig, 22 is a cross sectional view, similar to Fig. 19,
illustrating the parts of the mechanism in an extended position
as for accommvdating a change of mill shoes.
Fig. 23 is a fragmen~ary cross sectional view as taken
generally on line 23 23 of Fig. 19.
Referring now to the drawings, and initially to Figs.
1-12 thereof, the reference numeral 10, 11 represents generally the
working rolls of a piercing mill. In Fig. 1, the mill is viewed
~rom the downstream side of the mill rolls. The mill rolls 10, 11
are horizontally opposed and arranged with their axes on a slight
angle relative to the horizontal, so as to impart a helical rolling
action to a cylindrical workpiece. A conventional piercing mill
includes an el~ngated mandrel (not shown) anchored at its downstream
end by a movable thrust block carriage ~not shown) which is arranged
to position the upstream end of the mandrel near the working bite
of the mill rolls. The mandrel supports, at its upstream end, a
tapered piercing plug 12. The piercing plug 12, is arranged to be
positioned with its tip substantially at the roll bite, midway
between upper and lower mill shoes 13, 14. When a heated, cylindric-
al workpiece is sen~ into the piercing mill, ik is guided and confin-
ed by the mill shoes 13, 14, which are longitudinally grooved to
conform closely to the outer contours of the workpiece. As the
workpiece enters the roll bite, it is gripped by the piercing mill
rolls and advanced helically over the piercing point 12, which is
initially held in alignment with the central axis of the workpiece
by supporting means (not shown).
The action of the angularly disposed working rolls 10,
11 serves to advance the workpiece helically over the piercing
point, until the workpiece has been pierced over its full length,
and ha~ been advanced to a position downstream of the mandrel
~Sf~3~
plug 12. Then, the thrust block carriage is retracted in downstream
direction, along with the mandre:L, ser~ing at the outset to strip
off the mandrel plug 12 and upon continued downstream retracting
movement to withdraw the entire ~andrel from within the pierced
workpiece. As soon as the mandrel is free, the workpiece is
discharged laterally from the oul.let tables, on which it is then
supported, and the thrust block returns the mandrel back toward
the working rolls for a subsequent piercing operation. In the
meantime, according to the invention, pro~isions are made for
removing the just-used mandrel plug 12 for cooling, and replacing
it with a fresh plug.
In the piercing mill apparatus of Fig. 1-13, the plug
changer mechanism includes a supporting frame 15, which is mounted
on the downstream or discharge side of the roll bite, and rotatably
journals a shaft 16 carrying a conical plug-holding drum 17. The
drum 17 has a plurality ~five in the illustration) of plug-receiving
pockets 18 therein. In the illustrated arrangement, ~he supporting
shaft 16 is mounted on a generally horizontal axis, and the plug-
receiving pockets 18 are disposed at a substantial angle (e.g.~ 45)
to the rotational axis. The uppermost pocket forms the working
position, from which new mandrel plugs are ejected and into which
used mandrel plugs are received. Desirably, this working position
- is located substantially directly underneath ~he pass line of the
mill, disposed along an axis directed upwardly and rearwardly
at about 45. Each of the plug pockets is provided with a V-shaped
bottom 19, which functions to centrally locate a mandrel plug in
the uppermost or working pocket.
As reflected particularly in Figs. 1, 3 and 9, the plug
retaining drum 17 is con~ained within a housing 20, comprising
upper and lower front walls 21, 22 and upper and lower back walls
23, 24all suitably secured to the supporting frame 15. The
housing 20 is generally watertight and is arranged to retain a bath
of cooling water ~or cooling of the used mandrel plugs. The lower
-- 6 --
3~
walls 22, 24, and also the upper back wall 23 of the housing are
located closely adjacent to the open ends and the open outer sides
of the plug pockets 18 and serve to effectively enclose the open
sides of the pockets as they traverse through the housing. Addi-
tionally, there are conical back wall extensions 25, 26 (Fig. 2),
forming continuations of the lower back wall section 23 and serving
to close the open lower ends of the plug pockets 18, as they
traverse the upper half of their rotational pass.
~ontrolled rotation of the plug retaining drum 17 is
provided by means of a ratchet drive mechanism (Fig. 9) and locking
mechanism (Fig. 10). The drive mechanism includes a fluid actuator
26a pivoted at 27 to the foundation frame 28 and having its operat-
ing rod 2g secured to a divided bracket 30 mounting a roller 31
at its outer end. The roller 31 is engageable with any of a series
of drive pockets 32 in a drive wheel 33, which is keyed to the
drum mounting sha~t 1~. Each of the drive pockets 32 corresponds
to one of the plug-receiving pockets 18 of the drum. A locking
wheel is also keyed to the shaft 16 and is provided with a
plurality of locking notches 35 corresponding to the number of plug
pockets 18 and drive pockets 32. A latching pawl 36 is pivoted
at 37 on the foundation frame 28 and is operated by a fluid actuator
38 pivoted at 39 on a frame post 40. When the latching pawl 36 is
pivoted to the left, as shown in Fig. 10, a latching finger 41
enters one of the recesses 35 to lock the drum in a predetermined
rotational orientation. In order to advance the drum to a new
position, the latching pawl 36 is first withdrawn, and the drive
cylinder 26a is actuated to retract, rotating the drum through one
step (one fifth revolution). At the end of the rotational ~ep,
the latching pawl 36 is driven into the next successive latching
pocket 35 to lock the drum in its new orientation.
A new mandrel plug 12 is delivered from the holding drum
17 by means of a pusher ram 42~ guided in slide bearings 43, 44
on the frame 15 and actuated by an elongated hydraulic cylinder
-- 7 --
1~15~3~7
45. The operating rod 46 of the actuator 45 is secured by a clamping
bracket 47 to the lower end of the ram 42, such ~hat the ram
is moved upwardly by retracting ~ovement of the actuator rod 46.
At the upper end of the ram 42 is a pusher head 48 which
carries an abutment plate 49, pivoted at 50. In the retracted
position of the ram 42, the pusher head 48 bottoms against a stop
pad 51, and the free swinging lower end of the abutment plate 49
bottoms against an abutment pad 52. The arrangement is such that
the abutment plate 49 is substantially flush with and forms in
effect a continuation of the upper housing walls 25, 26, ~here
being a suitable gap 53 between said walls (Fig. 2) to accommodate
the presence of the abutment plate. Thus, as new mandrel plugs
12 are successively brought into the working position by incremen-
tal rotation of the drum 17, the lower end of the plug in the
working position will be supported by the abutment plate 49 which,
in that position, constitutes the back wall of the plug pocket 18.
In order to feed a new mandrel plug 12 from the working
pocket of the drum 17, the actuator 45 is energized by admission
of fluid to its rod end. As soon as the ram 42 eommences its
upward movement, the abutment plate 49 pivots by the action of
gravity downward, until it engages an abutment surface 53a. After
engaging the abutment surface 53a, the plate 49 begins to push
the mandrel 12 up the inclined surface, out of its pocket 18 and
onto an intermecliate, V-shaped supporting trough 54. Continued
upward movement of the ram 42 causes the mandrel plug 12 eventually
to be pushed onto a transfer trough 55, which is likewise of V-shaped
section corresponding generally to the contours of the bottom of
the plug pocket 18 and the intermediate supporting trough 54.
At the position of maximum extension of the ram 42, the
abutment plate 49 lies just below the lower end 56 of the transfer
trough~ as indicated in broken lines in Fig. 3.
The transfer trough 55 is pivoted at its upper end by
a pin 57 secured to an adapter block 58 for the lower mill shoe 14.
31D7
With the mill shoe and its adapter 58 in their normal working
positions, the transfer trough 55 has a normal or loading position
angled downwardly, substantially in alignment with the intermediate
trough 54 and the working position plug pocket 18. The pivoted
transfer trough is supported in this position by means of a liting
cam 59 engaged by a cam follower wheel 60 carried by a slide
bracket 61 (Fig. 5) and operated by a lifting cylinder 62. When
a new mandrel plug has been pushed upward by the ram, to the full
extension of the ram, the lifting cylinder 62 is then actuated
to raise the transfer trough 55 into its horizontal or trans~er
position, as shown in Fig. 4. During the upward pivoting movement,
the backwardly tilted front face of the abutment plate 49 serves
to guide the back of the mandrel plug. In addition, the upper
portions of the abutment plate 49 may be provided with an outwardly
curved guide sur~ace 63, substantially conforming to the arc of
curvature of the free end of the transfer trough, to limit the
downward sliding of the new mandrel plug as the transfer trough
is lifted.
With the plug 12 raised to the trans~er position, as
shown in Fig. 4, the plug is in position to be picked up by a
mandrel being returned to the working position by the thrust block
carriage. The facilities and controls for this purpose are well
known and form no part of the presant invention.
During the working phase of the mill, that is while a
workpiece is being driven over the piercing plug 12, the transfer
trough 55 is retracted, by retraction o~ the lifting cylinder 62,
back to the original or loading position as shown in Fig. 3. The
plug holding drum 17 remains stationary during this phase. When
the piercing operation has been completed, and the pierced work
piece has been driven over and beyond the plug, the mandrel is
withdrawn in a downstream direction, stripping o~f the mandrel
plug and causing it to drop by gravity onto the now inclined trans-
~er trough 55. The plug then drops by gravity bac~ into the empty
~L~5~3~7
drum pocket, bottoming against the front ~ace of ~he now-retracted
abutment plate 49. The drum is then indexed to the next success-
ive drum pocket and a new cycle is commenced.
With the described mechanism, the change of mandrel plugs,
from the stripping of the just-used plug to the placement of a
new plug in the waiting position, as shown in Fig. 4, is easily
accomplished within the time period available during the with-
drawal of ~he mandrel from the pierced workpiece, its discharge
off of the run out table, and the return of the mandrel to working
position.
In the piercing mill arrangement illustra~ed in Figs.
1-13, provision is made for the expeditious removal and replacement
of the mill shoes 13, 14 and their respective adapters 65, 58.
In particular, since the mill shoes 13. 14 are intended to be
wearable, replaceable elements, quick replacement thereof when
necessary is significant to high efficiency operation of the mill.
Changing of the adapters from time to ~ime is also necessary to
accommodate workpieces of different sizes.
Pursuant to the invention, the lower mill frame 66
(Figs. 3, 4 and 6-8) mounts a fixed chair bracket 67, on which
is mounted a sliding chair bracket 68~ the sliding bracket being
engaged wi~h the fixed bracket by means of flange strips 69 re-
ceived in corresponding longitudinally disposed slots 70 in the
fixed bracket. A fluid actuator 71 has its cylinder portion
secured to the fixed chair bracket 67, and its rod portion 72 is
secured to the sliding chair bracket 68. When the actuator 71
is retracted, the sliding chair bracket 68 is arranged to approach
but not engage a cross bar 73 of the fixed lower chair bracket,
providing a slight clearance 74 between the fixed and sliding
brackets. Desirably, mechanical means are provided for locking
the sliding lower chair bracket 68 in its retracted position,
to provide against possible failure in the hydraulic system. This
mechanical system may be in the form of a crank arm 74 keyed to
- 10 -
~ 3 ~ ~
and carried by a locking shaft 75. A locking lever 76 is pivoted
at 77 on the fixed chair b~acket and is connected by a link 78
to the crank arm 74. When the crank arm 74 is rotated in a clock-
wise direction, as viewed in Fig. 4, the locking lever 76 is
rotated counterclockwise, bringing surfaces 79 thereof to bear
against a dovetailed forward end surface 80 of the sliding lower
chair bracket 68. This serves to mechanically urge the sliding
chair bracket in a rearward or upstream direction, locking it in
a closed position.
Slideably mounted on the sliding lower chair bracket 68
is the lower mill shoe adapter block 58. The adapter block 58
is guided by a longitudinal key 81 on the slideable chair bracket
68, and a corresponding longi~udinal slot 82 in the adapter block,
for limited longitudinal movement. At its upstream or forward
end, the adapter block has an upwardly facing, transversely dis-
posed dovetailed surface 83, arranged for cooperation with a
similar, downwardly facing dovetailed surface 84 on the fixed chair
cross bar 73.
A short cam lever 85 is secured to the slideable chair
bracket 68 by means of a removable pivot pin 86 and extends upward
therefrom, alongside the end face 87 of the adapter block. The
cam lever 85 serves to support the pivot pin 5/, for the transfer
trough 55, as illustrated. Additionally, at its upper end, the
cam lever B5 has a downwardly and rearwardly facing dovetailed
surface 88 arranged for cooperation with an upwardly and forwardly
facing dovetailed surface 89 at the forward end of the lower mill
shoe 14. The rearward or upstream end of the mill shoe has a
similar upwardly facing dovetailed surface 90, coop~rating with
a downwardly facing surface 91 on the adapter block. A longitudi-
nal key 92 on the mill shoe 14 (see Fig. 7) cooperates with a
longitudinal groove 93 along the top of the adapter block 58 to
accommodate limited longitudinal sliding action of the mill shoe.
When the mill shoe adapter block and lower chair bracket,
~5~3~7
of the lower mill assembly are in their working positions, as
shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the sliding lower chair bracket 68 is
drawn in a rearward or upstream direction by the actuator 71, and
eventually by the locking lever 76, until the dovetailed surface
83 of the adapter block abuts against the corresponding surface
84 of the fixed chair bracket. Continued rearward movement o~
the sliding chair bracket, with the adapter block 58 remaining
fixed against the cross bar 73, causes the cam lever 85, which
is carried by the sliding chair bracket, to bear against the dove-
tailed surface 89 of the mill shoe, sliding the mill shoe rearwarduntil the dovetailed surfaces 90, 91 at the rearward or upstream
end of the mill shoe are locked. Since the mill shoe is now locked
against the adapter block, and the adap~er block is in turn locked
against the fixed chair bracket, ~he upper end of the cam lever
85 can no longer move with the continued rearward movement of the
sliding chair bracket 68. Accordingly, the cam lever 85 will begin
to pivot slightly in a clockwise direction (as viewed in Figs.
3 and 4) about its pivot pin ~6. As this occurs, the lower forward
corner 93a of the cam lever seats firmly against a ~orward extension
94 of the sliding chair bracket, locking the lever 85 against
continued pivoting movement. Once this occurs, the mill shoe 14,
the adapter block 6~, the cam lever 85 and the sliding chair bracket
58 are all mechanically interlocked, and will remain in assembled
relation by continued rearward force on the sliding chair bracketO
Desirably, this is achieved by the locking lever 76, in conjunction
with the fluid actuator 71.
When it is time to change the mill shoes 13, 14, the
upper adapter block 65, carrying the upper mill shoe 13 is lowered,
by mechanis~s not shown in Figs. 1-12, until the upper shoe 13
closely approaches or even touches the lower shoe 14. In some
cases, it may not be possible to lower the upper shoe to this extent,
without interference with the mill rolls, in which case a filler
block (not shown) may be first inserted be~ween the mill shoes and
- 12 -
~ 3 ~
the upper shoe lowered onto the filler block. In either case,
where the upper shoe has been lowered to approximate contact with
the lower shoe or filler block, a locking lever 100, which is
pivoted at 101 in the upper adapter block, is pivoted in a coun~er-
clockwise direction (Fi~s. 3 and 4) by an upwardly extending
operating rod 102. Cooperating dovetailed surfaces 103, 104 on the
locking lever and upper mill shoe respectively are released, which
also releases a similar dovetailed interlock at the upstream end
of the mill shoe, and allows the upper mill shoe to drop out of
its adapter block 65 and be supported entirely on the lower mill
shoe. Thereafter, the mechanical locking mechanism 74-79 is
released and the fluid actuator 71 is energized to advance the
sliding chair bracket 68 in a downstream direction. This sliding
action of the chair bracket has two consequences: First, by
releasing pressure between the cross bar 73 and the adapter block
58, the cam lever 85 is released, taking clamping and locking
pressure off the lower mill shoe 14. The adapter block 5B can now
slide in an upstream direction, rela~ive to the sliding chair
bracket 68 sufficiently to completely release the upper mill shoe
14. Secondly, the cooperating slideway between the fixed and
sliding lower chair brackets 67, 68 is sufficien~ to allow the
sliding lower chair bracket 68 to be extended a substantial distance
in the downstream direction (see Fig. 8) such that the mill shoes,
both upper and lower, are now exposed and accessible in the down-
stream side of the mill rolls. In that position, the mill shoes
are both manually accessible for manipulation and also accessible
to an overhead hoist for removal and replacement.
In conjunction with the outward sliding movement of the
movable chair bracket, the lifting cylinder 62 is partially actu-
ated, lifting the pivotable transfer trough 55 sufficiently toclear the intermediate guide trough section 54. After the transfer
trough clears the intermediate trough section, it will drop down
by gravity, as indicated in Fig~ B. On the ret~lrn stro~e of the
- 13 -
~SQ3~7.
actuator 71, the transfer trough will simply cam itself over the
int~rmediate trough section 5~ and return to its normal position,
as shown in Fig. 3~
To enable removal of the lower mill shoe, the adapter
block 58 must be shifted slightly to the le~t (see Fig. 8) in
order to clear the dovetailed surfaces 88-91.
In order to accommodate a mandrel plug of a different
size, as when changing the size of workpiece to be processed in
the mill, it is necessary to change not only the mill shoes, but
also the adapter block therefor. Additionally, in the case of
the lower mechanism, it is necessary also to change the pivoting
transfer trough. Wi~h reference now particularly to Fig. 13,
upper and lower mill shoes 110, 111 are provided having contours
corresponding to a larger size piercing plug 112, as might be
used in a second stage piercing operation, for example. Because
the larger mill shoes 110, 111 will be separated a greater dista~ce
than the mill shoes illustrated in Figs. 1-12, the upper and lower
adapter blocks 113, 114 of reduced height are also employed. The
upper adapter block 113 is generally similar to the previously
described adapter block 65, and incorpora~es a self-contained locking
lever 115 pivoted on a pin 116. When the upper adapter blocks are
changed, the operating rod 102 is disconnected from ~he locking
lever, by removal of a pin 118, which normally secures the operating
rod to the locking lever. When a new adapter block is secured in
position, the new locking lever is secured to the rod by reinserting
the pin 118, enabling the new upper mill shoe 110 to be locked in
place at the desired time, by retraction of ~he operation rod 102.
As reflected in Fig. 13, the new lower adapter block
114, being of different height than the previous adapter block
58, necessitates different geometry for the cam lever and the
transfer trough. Accordingly9 as part of the changeover, a new
cam lever 120 is secured in place on the sliding chair bracket
68, by means of the movable pin 86. Carried with the new cam
14 -
lever 120 is a new transfer trough 121, secured by a pivot pin122. The function and operation of the new cam lever 120 and
transfer trough 121 are the same as described wi~h reference to
Figs. 1-12, as will be understood.
With reference now to Figs. 14-16, there is illustra~ed
an improved arrangement for securing of the upper chair and its
mounting cap, to facilitate replacement from time to time of the
adapter blocks and also replacement of ~he upper chair bracket
itself, which may be necessary in some instances. In this respect,
it will be understood that, while the mill shoes are frequently
replaceable as a function of wear, the adapter blocks are less
frequently replaced as a function of new sizes or workpieces, and
the upper chair bracket itself may require occasional replacement,
because a single bracket may not accommodate the entire range of
sizes of adapter blocks. The upper chair bracket 130 is carried
by a mounting cap 131, which is slideably received in a center
opening 132 in the primary mill cap 133 of the piercing mill.
Improved arrangements are provided for adjustably securing the
mounting cap 131, such that its complete removal from, and replace-
ment in, the mill cap may be effected in a highly expeditiousmanner.
As reflected in Fig. 14, the mounting cap 131 may be
of generally rectangular configuration and is formed to provide
laterally extending flanges 134, 135. In the center of the cap,
typically, is a heavy lifting ring 136 by which the entire assembly
may be removed vertically by an overhead hoist.
Mounted on the mill cap 133, adjacent and underneath the
corner areas of the chair mounting cap 131, are four lifting cylin-
ders 137. The operating rods 138 of the several lifting cylinders
extend upward and are engageable with bottom surface areas 139 of
recesses 140 provided in the corner areas of the chair mounting
cap. The lifting cylinders 137 serve to support the weight of the
chair mounting cap, and are retractable in a downward direction to
1~1S~30~7
accommodate lowering of the cap to the position shown in broken
lines in Fig. 16.
The opposite sides of the chair mounting cap 131 are
provided with rectangular slots 141, 142 which are arranged to
closely receive the transversely aligned upper ends 143 of Tee-
headed hold-down rods 144. The hold-down rods 144 are rigidly
secured to the upper ends of threaded sections 145, which are
guided for vertical movement in the mill cap 133 and are threadedly
engaged with internally threaded, rotatable worm wheels 146. The
worm wheels 146 are engaged by worm gears 147, and these are in
turn driven by shafts 148 (Fig. 14) ~rom a common drive shaft 149
and drive motor 150.
Keyed or otherwise slideably engaged with a lower end
extension 151 of ~he threaded hold-down is an orientation bracket
152 having an actuating lever 153 connected to a fluid actuator
154 or other device capable of manipulating the lever 153 through
an arc of 90. The actuator 154 and lever 153 serve to lock the
threaded hold-down rods against rotation, but are movable through
a limited arc between locking and release positions. In the locking
position, the upper ends 143 of the Tee-headed hold-downs are
crosswise to the slots 141 and limit upward movement of the chair
mounting cap. In the re~ease position, the Tee-headed hold-downs
are rotated 90, with their upper ends in alignment with the slots
141, enabling the chair mounting cap 131 to be lifted out of the
mill cap by the lifting ring 136.
With the mechanism of Figs. 14-16, when the chair mount-
ing cap 131 is received in the mill cap, it may be adjustably po-
sitioned, vertically, to the precise height desired for the partic-
ular mill shoe being used, by operation of the adjusting motor 150
to raise or lower the threaded hold-downs 144. The several fluid
cylinders 137 serve to support the entire weight of the cap 131
and its related parts and to press the cap firmly upward against
the restraint of the cross-disposed Tee-headed hold-downs. When
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it is desired to remove the chair mounting cap, fluid pressure is
initially released from the cylinders 137, relie~ing pressure against
the heads 143 of the hold-downs and permitting the heads to be
rotated 90, into alignment with the slots 141, by energizing of
the respective actuators 15~. The cap may then be engaged by its
lifting ring 136 and simply withdrawn vertically out of the mill
cap, for effecting the desired change of parts. The arrangement
is quick and simple, and greatly expedites the operations involved
in removing and replacing the chair mounting cap. One of the
l~ operational advantages of the described hold-down arrangement is
the elimination of backlash. Thus, because the cap is at all times
urged upward against the Tee-headed hold-downs, under fluid pressure
in the cylinders 137, there is no backlash in the cap mou~ting
system, which might otherwise cause an increased degree of shock
loading of the struc~ure.
Referring now to Figs. 17-23, there is shown an improved
arrangement for effecting mandrel plug change in a typical reeling
mill. In the reeling mill, like the piercing mill, the working
rolls (not shown) are horizontally opposed, on opposite sides of
the pass line and serve to both rotate and advance the tubular
workpiece, which is guided by longitudinally grooved mill shoes
160, 161 (see Fig. 19). On the downstream side of the mill bite,
there is provided a plug changer mechanism, generally designated
by the numeral 162, which contains a circulating supply of mandrel
plugs 163 arranged sequentially to be positioned at the roll bite.
The rate of operation of the reeling mill is such, in
comparison to that of the piercing mill or the plug mill, that an
operating cycle, including the plu~ change sequence may be carried
out in a somewhat greater cycle time, without interferring with
3~ mill efficiency. In addition, the operation of the reeling mill
is such that the plugs do not require water cooling after use.
Accordingly, the plug retaining magaæine for the reeling mill may be
suitably in the form of a horizontall~ slideable tray like structure
~ 3 ~
164 which contains a plurality (four in the illustration) of plug-
receiving pockets 165 arranged in side-by-side relation. The plug
magazine includes a base 166, which is mounted and guided for
transverse sliding movement on a stationary guide way structure
167, which extends for a distance on both sides of the working
pocket position 168, directly below the pass line 16g. A rack 170
is secured to the magazine base 166 and is drivingly engaged by a
pinion 171 driven controllably by a motor 172. By appropriate
energization of the motor 172 in one direction or the o~her, the
magazine 164 may be selectively positioned with any of its plug-
receiving pockets 165 in the working position 168, as will be
understood.
The magazine pockets 165 are supported on a frame
structure 173, to lie at an upwardly inclined angle of around 45.
The individual pockets 165 are welded or otherwise secured to this
frame structure, and are shaped to ~orm a shallow, V-shaped cross
section, as indicated in Fig. 23, such that a mandrel plug 163 of
any size will automatically be supported in the center of the
magazine pocket.
~0 In the illustrated apparatus, the lower ends of the
magazine pockets 165 are closed by fixed back wall plates 17~, 175
extending for a distance on either side of the working position 168.
Between the respective backing plates 174, 175 is a pusher abutment
plate 176 which is fixedly secured to the upper end of a slideable
ram 177. The ram 177 is operated by a fluid actuator 178, the rod
element 179 of which is secured to the ram by means of a clamp 180
(Fig. 17). When the ram 177 is fully retracted, the front face of
the abutment plate 176 lies substantially flush wlth the upwardly
facing surfaces of the backing plates 174, 175 and forms, in effect,
a continuation of the backing plates. Accordingly, the plug magazine
174 may be shifted laterally on the slideway structure 167, to bring
any of several loaded magazine pockets 165 into the working position.
As reflected in Fig. 23, the lower edges 181 of the
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3q:~7
abutment plate are contoured to conform, with a slight clearance,
to the plug supporting surfaces of the magazine pockets 165. Thus,
when a magazine pocket is located in the working position 168,
the ram 177 may be extended upwardly, moving the abutment plate
176 upward along the pocket 165, to elevate a mandrel plug 163
which is supported therein.
As reflected particularly in Fig. 19, the mill structure
includes a cur~ed transfer trough 182, the lower end 183 of which
is aligned with and has the same general cross sectional con-
1~ figuration as a magazine pocket 165 in the working position. Atits upper end 184, the transfer trough curves around ~rom its
approximately 45 incline to an approximately horizontal disposition,
generally aligned with the lower mill shoe 161 of the reeling mill.
As reflected particularly in Fig. 19, when the ram 177 is extended
upwardly, to elevate a mandrel plug 163, the plug is pushed along
an upward incline formed by the magazine pocket 165 and by the
lower portion of the transfer trough 1~2. As the plug approaches
the upper portion 184 of the transfer trough, it follows ~he
curved contours thereo~ and assumes a generally horizontal position.
The abutment plate 176, con~inuing to advance in a straight line
along the upwardly inclined axis, tends to slide upwardly along
the back surface of the mandrel plug, pushing the plug horizontally
into the mill bite. Thereafter, when ~he ram 177 is retracted,
the elevated mandrel plug remains in position between the mill
shoes, ready for the return in the upstream direc~ion of the mandrel
(not shown). When the mandrel is brought into position supporting
the plug, the next workpiece may be received in the mill.
At the end of the reeling operation, the tubular work-
piece is driven past the mandrel plug and entirel~ on to the mandrel.
The mandrel is then withdrawn in a downstream direction, first
stripping off the just-used mandrel plug and then being withdrawn
from the interior of the process~d workpiece. In the plug strip-
ping stage, the plug may be first withdrawn slightly from the roll
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3C37
bite, so that the stripped-off plug simply falls by gravity down
the inclined chute formed by the transfer trough 182, and back
into the magazine pocket 165 from which it was originally elevated.
The entire plug magazine then shifts laterally to bring a new
pocket, with a ~resh mandrel plug, into the working position 168
for a subsequent plug loading sequence.
In the reeling mill arrangement illustrated in Figs. 17-
23, changing of the mill shoes 160, 161 can be effected in a
manner similar to that described with respect to the piercing mill
of Figs. 1-16. To this end, ~he upper chair bracket 185 may be
lowered, ~o bring the upper mill shoe 160 down substantially to
the lower mill shoe 161, or perhaps onto a filler block inserted
between the shoes. The upper shoe can then be released by downward
movement of an operating rod 186 to release a locking lever 187
which forms one end of a dovetailed locking arrangement as previously
described. Where it is desired to remove not only the upper mill
shoe 160, but also its adapter block 18~, the latter may be released
by means of an operating rod 189 to open a locking lever 190 serving
as one end of a dovetailed locking arrangement for the adapter
block.
With the upper mill shoe and/or adapter block resting on
the lower mill shoe, the assembly may be projected in a downstream
direction, to an accessible position behind the mill rolls, by
means of a fluid actuator 191, the operating rod 192 of which is
removably connected to a lower adapter block 193 which supports
the lower mill shoe 161. In the illustrated arrangement, the
lower mill shoe is held in position in the lower adapter block
by a one-ended dovetail locking arrangement, which provides a
dovetailed interlock 194 at the downstream end of the mill shoe
and adapter block. At the upstream end 195 the mill shoe is
retained in place simply by the ac~ion of gravity.
As reflected in Fig. 19, the lower adapter block 193 is
Locked in working position by cooperating dovetailed surfaces 196,
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~ID5~3~
at the upstream end of the adapter, and by a pivoted locking lever
197, which is supported on the lower chair bracket 198 and has a
downwardly facing dovetailed surface l9g cooperating with a
corresponding upwardly facing dovetailed surface 200 on the adapter
block. The locking lever 197 is actuated through a link 201, by
a fluid actuator 202. ~fter the adapter block has been drawn to
its retracted position, as shown in Fig. l9, the locking lever 197
is pivoted in a counterclockwise direction, so that the adapter
block is mechanically secured in position.
When removing the mill shoes, after lowering the upper
mill shoe into supported posi~ion on the lower shoe, the locking
lever 1~7 is opened (pivoted clockwise) and the actuator 191 is
extended, enabling the lower adapter block 193 to advance along
guide tracks 203 to an accessible position on the downstream side
of the mill rolls (see Fig. 22). Prior to displacement of the
lower adapter block, the plug magazine 164 is moved to the left
~as viewed in Figs. 17, 18~ to a position in which the magazine
is entirely offset from the working position. This enables the
pivoted transfer trough 1~2, normally supported by a boss 204 on
the lower chair bracket, to pivot downward, in order to clear
other parts of the mill mechanism (not shown). When the adapter
block 193 is retracted back into its working position, the trans-
fer trough 182 simply pivots back into its normal position, sup-
ported on the boss 204.
As in the case of the previously described piercing mill,
the arrangements provided for handling of the mill shoes greatly
expedites the shoe changing procedure, by quickly ~ringing both
shoes, in a released condition, out into an open, accessible
position, where the shoes may be manipulated manually and easily
lifted off by an overhead hoist.
In any of its forms, the apparatus of the invention serves
significantly to expedite and reduce the time cycle of the neces-
sary but non-productive operations of piercing and reeling mills.
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3L1~5~3/~7
For e~fecting change of mandrel plugs, for example, a
mechanically simplified form of plug magazine and feeder is
installed on the downstream side of the mill rolls, in position to
feed successive ones of a circulating supply o~ mandrel plugs
upward out of the magazine pocket, onto a transfer trough and into
position on the pass line of the mill, ~o be picked up by the
mill mandrel. In the case of the piercing mill, where the oper-
ating cycles are rapidly completed, the plug changing portion of
the cycle must be rapidly accomplished. This, in conjunction with
the general need for water cooling of the used mandrel plugs,
suggest the desirabilit~ of a drum type of plug magazine. For the
reeling mill, which normally runs at half the overall rate of speed
of the piercing mill (there being two reeling mills to support
the operations of a single piercing mill) the somewhat reduced
cycle times and the ability to air cool of the mandrel plugs,
enables a horizontal rack style of plug magazine to be utilized
effectively.
In one form of the new plug feeding mechanism, an
abutment plate and ram arrangement serves to eIevate a mandrel plug
onto a transfer trough which, while initially at an angle, is
pivoted upward, to carry the mandrel plug from its originally
inclined axis up to substantial alignment with the pass line o~ the
mill. After the mandrel plug has been picked up by the mandrel
and is in working position in the mill, the transfer trough may
be retracted back to its inclined position, ~o serve as a chute
for the reception of the mandrel plug at the end of the working
cycle.
The transfer trough is of arcuate configuration, so as
to guide the elevating mandrel plug from an inclined axis onto
a horizontal axis. The range of extension of the plug elevating
ram is such that the ram continues to push obliquely on the mandrel
plug as it approaches a horizontal orientation, pushing it su~fici-
ently in toward the mill bite that the mandrel plug does not tend
~ ~5~D3 ~7
to return back down the transfer trough, when the ram is retracted.
The equipment of the invention also incorporates signifi-
cant improvements in the area of mounting the mill shoes and adap-
ters, such that down time of the mills is maintained at a practical
minimum when changing these components, as is necessary from time
to time. Of particular significance, means are provided for
dropping of an upper mill shoe onto the lower shoe and then pro-
jecting the lower shoe horizolltally out of the mill bite, into
an exposed position which is not only easily accessible to an
overhead hoist, but is also manually accessible to the mill oper-
ator.
In conjunction with the improved arrangement for mounting
of the mill shoes, the equipment utilizes a novel arrangement for
securing the mill shoe adapters, whereby the motions required in
moving the mill shoe horizontally into an accessible position serve
to effect release of the series of mechanical interlocks, enabling
easy removal not only of the mill shoe but of the adapter block
which supports the mill shoe.
The apparatus of the invention also incorporates an
advantageous arrangement for adjusta~ly mounting the cap structure
which supports the upper chair bracket. This arrangement includes
a plurality o~ upwardly acting fluid cylinders, to carry the entire
weight of the chair mounting cap, in conjunction with mechanically
adjustable Tee-headed hold-down rods. The hold-down rods are
rotatable through a small arc, sufficient to orient the Tee-headed
upper ends in either aligned or crosswise relation to receiving
slots. When the Tee-headed hold-downs are crosswise to the slots,
~he mounting cap is locked in position, held up against the hold-
do~ns by the fluid cylinders and precisely adjusted as ~o its
vertical position by screw adjustment of the hold-downs. Release
and removal of the mounting cap may be quickly accomplished by
rotation of the Tee headed hold-downs into alignment with their
respective slots and thereafter lifting out the chair mountlng cap.
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~1151113a~
All of the foreging ~eatures of the invention are
directed to achieving significant reduction in the non-productive
cycles and operations involved in the running of piercing and reeling
mills. The several expedients provided by the invention enable
a substantially greater percentage of mill time ~o be occupied
with actually processing of the tubular workpieces, so that the
overall production eficiency of the mills is enhanced.
Thus, the invention includes in a piercing or reeling
mill of the type having horizontally opposed working rolls and
upper and lower workpiece guide structures including mill shoes
and mill shoe adapters, an improved arrangement of the workpiece
guide structures, characterized by a horizontally movable member
mounting the lower mill shoe, means for releasably receiving the
upper mill shoe, whereby said upper shoe may be released and caused
to be supported on said lower shoe, and means for moving said
movable member longitudinally to move said lower mill shoe, along
with an upper shoe supported thereby, to an accessible position
displaced from the working rolls.
In addition, the invention includes spaced side frames
and a mill cap structure connecting said side ~rames, an improved
upper workpiece guide structure, characterized by said fixed chair
bracket forming part of said upper guide structures, a chair mounting
cap secured to and supporting said fixed chair bracket, said chair
mounting cap having a flanged portion positioned above the mill
cap and having a portion extending downward through and slideably
guided by said mill cap, a plurality of adjustable hold-down
members mounted on the mill cap and releasably engageable with
said chair mounting cap for adjustably limiting upward movement
of the mounting cap in relation to the mill cap, means for urging
said mounting cap upwardly against said adjustable hold-down members,
and controllable means for releasing said hold down members from
said mounting cap to accommodate bodily withdrawal of said mounting
cap and chair bracket from said mill cap.
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