Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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This invention relates to improved dry "aerosol"
. axtringent antiperspirant compositions and more particularly,:~. 5 to dry aerosol compositions containing an astringent powder
. ancl a ~iester carrier which provide high perspiration-inhibiting
.. : cfficiency without producing an oily feeling film when applied
;.. to t~le skin.
~. Antiperspirant compositions have been available for
. .
many years in different forms, such as creams, lotions, solutions,
gcls, cakes, sticks and pencils. Development of aerosol sprays
s
~. has led to attempts to combine the active ingredients of anti-
. perspirant compositions, generally an astringent acid salt of
: a di- or trivalent meta~ic cation, in a sprayable composition
,
: 15 wllich could be packaged in a conventional metal aerosol container
together with a conventional liquid propellant, such as a halo-
genated hydrocarbon. Since the aforementioned astringent salts
- are effective in the presence of water it was proposed to employ `
aerosol compositions containing aqueous solutions of the salts.
Such water-containing aerosol compositions are often unsatis-
factory because of the corrosive action of the aqueous salt and
:. me~ium on the metal aerosol container and because, at effective
. concentrations of the salt,it may tend to crystallize, forming
pdrticles which, together with those resulting from the cor-
'; 25 rosive effects of the water on the metal of the can, can block
.
.:
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valve orifices of aerosol containers. Attempts to exclude water from the
aerosol formulationJ by incorporating the powdered salt in such form that
- it is dispensed from the aerosol container as a powder also have proven to
. ~ be disadvantageous in various respects. This is so because the astringent
,'. . .
salt is expelled from the dispenser as a slow settlng cloud of fine dust
which, because of the proximity of the axilla to the face, may be inhaled by
the user.
~- ~any of the foregoing disadvantages have been removed by employing
.". ~" .
aerosol formulations which contain a dispersion or suspension of the powder-
- 10 ed astringen~ antiperspirant salt in a liquid propellant in which there is
: present a non-volatile, non-hygroscopic liquid carrier-emollient, such as
~r lower alkyl ester of a long chain saturated fatty acid, e.g., isopropyl
. .
~i~ myristate, or an alkylene triol esterified with a long chain unsaturated
.. .
fatty acid, e.g., glyceryl trioleate ~as disclosed in Canadian Patent
897,598). While such formulations overcome the disadvantages of corrosion,
valve clogging, and dust cloud formation by being anhydrous and by providing
adherent sprays of the powdered astringent salt, the fatty acid ester
; diminishes antiperspirant activity and causes the deposit of an unpleasant,
oily-feeling film upon the skin. A composition of somewhat improved
antiperspirant effect may be obtained, by employing an anhydrous aerosol
formulation in which a carrier-emollient of the composition is an alkyl
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ester of a polycarboxylic acid which contains a relatively high
ratio, ~.125:1 to 0.214:1, of ester groups to carbon atoms.
~u~h po~yester-coiltaining antiperspirant aerosol formulations
also suffer from the disadvantage of producing an unpleasant
-~ 5 oily-feeling film on application to the skin.
, The foregoing disadvantages of prior art dry aerosol
perspiration inhibiting compositions are overcome by the provi-
,~ sion according to the present invention of a novel dry aerosol
,, .
`; astringent and antiperspirant composition comprising 0.2 to12'~ by weight of an astringent powder which has a particle size
of less than about 100 microns and which is suspended in 1 to
50'~ ~)y weight of essentially anhydrous saturated lower alkylene
lialkanoate wherein the alkanoa~te residues each contain from 8
to 10 carbon atoms, the weight ratio of astringent powder to
alkylene dialkanoate being in the range of from about 0.1:1
to 3:1,and from 50 to 98~ by weight of a liquid propellant
' selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, halogenated
hydrocar~ons, and mixtures thereof, which have a vapor pressure
at 70F. in the range of about 15 tol00 lbs./sq. in. gauge.
Irhe invention also includes an aerosol package consisting of
a pressure-tight container having a valve-controlled openi~g
~,~ containing the above described novel astringent antiperspirant
composition.
.. ~
The aerosolcomposition of the invention is of excellent
antiperspirant effect and is dispensed in a fast settling initial-
ly liquid form. On application to the skin the novel composition
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also provides a smooth dry film which, in contrast to prior art
~: aerosol antiperspirants, is characterized by distinctly non-oily
feeling.
In the preferred e.~bodiments of the invention the
concentration of antiperspirant astringent powder in the present
aerosol composition is 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 6%
by weight,~the concentration ofthe lower alkylene dialkanoate is
1 to 15% by weight, especially ~.5 to 10%, the weight ratio of
astringent powder to alkylene dialkanoate is in the range of
~;; 10 0.2:1 to 3:1 and the concentration of liquid propellant is 70 to 96% by weight, preferably 80 to 94% by weight;
;~ In accord with good dry powder aerosol formulation
... .
practice, the present composition preferably contains a dispersing
or a similar agent to assist in suspending the antiperspirant
lS astringent powder in the alkylene dialkanoate, such dispersing
:
- agent being present in a concentration of from about 0.05 to 3.0%by weight, preferably in a concentration of about 0.2 to 1.5%.
~rhe present compositiDns may also contain minor adjuvants,
preferably a perfume and/or a compound for inhibiting the growth
~f bacteria. The perfume is conveniently present in a concentra-
tion of about 0.05 to 2~ by weight, especially 0.1 to 1~ by
weight and the bacterial growth-inhibiting compound is convenient-
.,
ly present in a concentration of about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight,
; especially 0.1 to 0.2% by weight. Other adjuvants of known types
for these products may also be present, usually being from 0.01
to 2~, preferably 0.05 to 1% of the product.
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~`.! The powder which is employed as the antiperspirant
; and astringentagent according to the invention is any of the
; lar~e number of pulverulent substances known for this function
..... .
;~ in the aerosol antiperspirant art These are usually substan-
~ 5 tially insoluble in the aerosol composition tincluding propellant
i: -
and carriers~ and may be inactive in the dry state but in the
presence o~ moisture are converted to an astringent, antiperspi-
rant active form. Usually such antiperspirant compounds are
. acid salts of multivalent tdi- or trivalent preferred) metal
cations, typical examples of which include acid-reacting salts
of aluminum, zirconium, zinc and iron, such as aiuminum chloro-
hydrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum oxy-
. .
~; chloride, aluminum oxysulfate, zirconium tetxachloride, zirconyl
,.,.~,
. hydroxychloride, zirconyl oxychloride, ferric chloride, zincsulfate and zinc sulfocarbolate. In addition to the foregoing
astringent antiperspirant metal salts other known inorganic and
organic salt mixtures and complex salts may be employed,such as
~,~ the zirconium salt-amine and amino acid complexes of the type
; disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,407,254; the zirconium salt-aluminum
chlorohydroxide-glycol complexes of the type described in U.S.
Patent 3,405,153; the aluminum chlorohydroxide-glycol ~omplexes
of the type disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,420,932; aluminum chloro-
hydroxide-zirconyl hydroxychloride-glycine complexes; zirconyl
llydroxychloride-amino acid complexes; and zirconyl hydroxychloride-
aluminum hydroxychloride complexes. Preferably the astringent
acid salt is ~ne containing aluminum, and aluminum chlorohydrate
.
. . .
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is especially preferred.
In accordance with normal practice in the dry aerosol
~-~ antiperspirant art, the antiperspirant astringent agent is
incorporated in the aerosol composition as an impalpable
;~ , .
~'; 5 powder, i.e., a powder of particle size ranging fro~ 1 to 100
microns, conveniently of an average particle size of about 10
to 25 micnons. The powder is incorporated in the present
; composition in a non-solution, non-aqueous form, i.e., free of
moisture other than very little chemically combined water.
The lower alkylene dialkanoate which is incorporated
;~ in the present aerosol composition as an emollient carrier for
the antiperspirant astringent powder ~ a non-hygro~scopic, non-
volatile liquid which provides a rapidly settling spray on
application of the aerosol composition and promotes adherence
of the antiperspirant to the user's skin. This constituent is
the completely esterified derivative of a straight or branched
.~ chain glycol, i.e., a diol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as
.~:
; ethylene glycol; 1,2-propylene glycol; 1,3-propylene glycol;
1,3-butylene glycol; 2,3-butylene glycol; 1,4-butylene glycol;
.,;:
1,5-pentane diol; 1,6-hexane diol; 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propane
i diol; and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-butane diol,-wherein the es~er, i.e.,
alkanoate, residues are derived from the same or different
straight or branched chain saturated fatty acids of 8 to 10
carbon atoms such as caprylic acid, i.e., octanoic acid,
pelargonic acid, decanoic acid, 3,7-dimethyloctanoic acid and
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OS'~Z76
2-ethylhexanoic acid. Representative examples of lower alkylene
dialkanoates suitable for use às emollient-carriers in the present
aerosol compositions include: ethylene-1,2-dioctanoatei ethylene-
l-octanoate-2-pelargonate; ethylene-1,2-di-(2-ethylhexanoate)
propylene-1,2-dipelargonate; propylene-1,3-diperlargonate;
butylene-1,3-didecanoate; butylene-2,3-dipelargonate; amylene-
1,5-di-(3;7,-dimethyloctanoate); hexane-1,6-didecanoate; 2,2-di-
methylbutane-1,3-pelargonate; and 2,2-dimethylpropane-1-octanoate-
.. .
:
3-(2-ethylhexanoate). Mixtures of these and equivalent di-
esterified glycols can also be used. The present ester
carrier emollien~s are characterized by a low ratio of ester
yroups to carbon atoms, i.e., a ratio of ester groups to constitu
ent carbon atoms of about 1:9 or less, preferably 1:9 to 1:11.
: Preferably the lower alkylene dialkanoate is derived
from a straight chain acid or acids and more preferably the
alkylene residue thereof is derived from a straight chain
, glycol. Preferably the lower alkylene dialkanoate is a lower
alkylene dipelargonate, especially a propylene dipelargonate.
:,
Such compounds, also referred to as propylene glycol dipelar-
gonate, are either the 1,2- or 1,3-dipelargonates. They
function even better than the other dialkanoates in ai*ing
adherence of the antiperspirant powder to the skin, in settling
the sprayed powder, in not interfering with the antiperspirant
(after moistening) action of the astringent powder and in feeling
non-oily and pleasant to the skin. Other dialkanoates which are
i
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.
`' 1105'~2'76
of 2 or 4 carbon atoms per straight chain alkylene and are of
about9carbon atoms per straight chain alkanoate are next
~. .,
preferred for the described properties,
,~ The propellant employed in the present novel aerosol
antiperspirant composition can be any liquefiable ga,s or mixture
, of gases which has the desired vapor pressure at ambient tempe-
~, rature to effect dispensing of the present composition from a
conventional aerosol container butfor which the vapor pressure
is not so great as to cause production of droplets and particles
,, 10 on spraying which are so small as to result in excessive dusting
~,- when the antiperspirant composition is applied to the skin.
, Generally, the desired vapor pressure is in the range of 15 to
: .,.
,, 100 lbs.~sq. in. gauge at 70F. and often is 20 to 60 lbs./sq.
; in. gauge. Representative examplès of suitable materials whic~
~,
;~ 15 can be employed as propellants either alone or in mixtures,
.": .
,, include: halogenated hydrocarbons such as trichlorofluoromethane
.
,~, ("Freon lr')~;dichlorofluoromethane; dichlorodifluoromethane
("Freon 12'); monochlorodifluoromethane; tetrafluorodichloroethane
("Freon 114~); pentafluorodichlorocyclobutane ('Treon C316"); octa-
fluoropropane ~'~reon 218"); and octafluorocyclobutane(Freon C318);
and hydrocarbons of about 3 to 5 carbon atoms, such ast~propane,
n-butane, isobutane, cyclobutane, n-pentane, and 2,2-dimethyl-
propane. Mixtures of the halogenated hydrocarbons (chlorofluori-
nated or fluorinated hydrocarbons of 1 to 4 carbon atoms), lower
(C3 to C5)hydrocarbons and compounds from both such groups may
.
* Throughout this disclosure quotation marks indicate
a trade mark
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lOSi~Z76
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be employed, too. Preferably, the propellant is a mixture of halogenated
hydrocarbons, and especially is a mixture of perhalogenated hydrocarbons
....
wherein the halogen substituents are chlorine and fluorine, e.g., 40 to 80%
of higher boiling compound, such as 50 to 70% of Propellant 11 ("Freon 11"),
~ and 60 to 20% of lower boiling propellant, such as 50 to 30% of Propellant
; 12 ("Freon 12").
; The dispersing agents, which are incorporated in the present
.: . .
composition in accord with a preferred embodiment of the invention are known
~ constituents of dry aerosol antiperspirant compositions and can be selected
:- 10 from a large number of commercially available materials. Preferred classes
. of such materials, useful for suspending the astringent, antiperspirant
:
powder in the carrier emollient and propellant include hydrophobic treated
,.,:
clays which are characterized by swelling in organic solvents,e.g., hydro-
phobic Bentonite, for example "Bentone 34" and "Bentone 38"; colloidal
pyrogenic silicas, such as "Cab-0-Sil M5", which is a finely divided silica
ofsubmicroscopicparticle size produced by vapor phase hydrolysis of a
silicon compound in a gas at 1,100C., and which is referred to as "fumed
colloidal-silica"; talcs and natural and synthetic clays, e.g., lower
micron talc, of 0.5 to 40 millimicrons diameter; starches, such as corn-
. ,i
starch, potato starch and chemically modified starches, which also give the
applied product a powdery, smoother feel to the skin; soaps,
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such as aluminum stearate; saturated aliphatic monoalkanolamides
of 12 to 20 carbon atoms in the aliphatic chain and 2 to 3 carbon
atoms in the alkanol group, a5 disclosed in Belgian Patent
790,957, e.g., coconut oil fatty acids monoethanolamide,
;. .
- 5 octadecyl monoethanolamide and stearoyl r"onoethanolamide; and
primary aliphatic amines of 12 to 20 carbon atoms, e.g., lauryl
. .,
amine, stéa,ryl amine, tetradecyl amine, hexadecyl amine, and
` eicosyl amine. Dispersing agents of the above described types are
:
~ utilized in particle sizes like that of the talc or less often
:;,
may be of colloidal dimensions, i.e., less than 5 microns, except
for those which are soluble in the medium, and are commercially
available in such sizes. The dispersing agents employed separate-
, ly or in combination are useful in preventing the antiperspirant
: :.
i:~ powder from settling to the bottom of the aerosol container or
i 15 fGrming large agglomerates which cannot be sprayed uniformly,such as may otherwise occur on long term storage of the aerosol
compositions.
Bacterial growth inhibiting compounds, which together
.:
~ ~th perfume may be optional minor additives in the present aerosol
- 20 compositions, can include any effective antibacterial (bacteri-
- cidal or bacteriostatic) agent, typical examples of whi~ch include
hexachlorophene, trichlorocarbanilide, trifluoromethyl carbanilide,
tribromosalicylanilide and 2,4,4-trichloro-2-hydroxy-diphenyl
ether. Preferably hexachlorophene or a bactericide of similar
':;
`~ 25 effective and substantive (to the skin) properties is used or
mixtures thereof with other bactericides are employed, in safe
i.~ - 10 -
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.
;;; and useful proportions. Solvents, plasticizers and other
materials, e.g., propylene carbonate, ethanol, may also be
employed.
The present aerosol antiperspirant compositions may be
prepared according to conventional mixing and formulation
; techniques for the manufacture of dry aerosol antiperspirant
. . .
~ compositio~s,. Generally, the emollient-carrier ester and any
; dispersing agent are mixed together at room temperature and the
pulverulent antiperspirant is added to the mixture. Mixing may
.: 10 be effected with a high shear mixer such as a Cowles Dissolver
.~ or other high speed blender. Any perfume, antibacterial compound or
- solvent to be used is then charged to the mixture, which i~ sub-
,:
~ sequently introduced into an aerosol container of conventional
.
~ design, i.e., a pressure-tight metal can having a valve-control-
., .
led opening. The aerosol container is the~ filled under pressure
with the propellant and is ready for use.
In the following examples, which serve to illustrate
the invention, parts and proportions are by weight and tempera-
tures are in C.
.:.
:
ExAMæLE 1
, Parts
Aluminum chlorohydrate (particulate, 10 to 2 ~) 3.50
* Fumed colloidal silica (particulate, 1.1 to 5~ 0.35
Propylene-1,2-dipelargonate (liquid) 6.50
Hexachlorophene (powder) 0.10
Perfume 0.20
Mixture of CC13F and CC12F2 in 60:40 ratio , 89.35
. .
. .
.. -- 11 --
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Cab-0-Sil M5", manufactured by Cabot Corporation.
`~- The above constituents are mixed together and introduced into an
'; aerosol container in the order given (the container is valved, pressure
: .
- holding and normally closed), in accord with conventional aerosol formu-
lation techniques. In use the aerosol composition is dispensed in a rapidly
settling uniform spray which readily holds to the skin. When tested against
prior art aerosol formulations using conventional ester emollient carriers
, ~ ~
~ the present composition is at least as efficient in inhibiting perspiration
:.~
as corresponding compositions containing esterified dicarboxylic acids and
more highly effective than those using esters such as isopropyl myristate,
.
as emollient carriers in place of the propylene glycol dipelargonate. In
~ all instances, the present composition provides a well-adhering, smooth,
..... .
dry fllm on the user's skin without the unpleasant oily sensation character-
istic of the prior art aerosol antiperspirant compositions containing con-
ventional esters as emollient-carriers, using conventional 1/2, 1 and
2-second dispensing bursts per axilla.
EXAMPLE 2
, .
Parts
- Aluminum Chlorhydrate powder 3.0
(10 to 25 microns diameter)
,
Propylene glycol dipelargonate 1.5
** "Bentone 38" 0.2
" Propylene carbonate 0.06
` Perfume 0.1
Propellant mixture (65:35 ratio of 95.14
Propellants 11 and 12)
,,~. .
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** SOLD by N. L. INDUSTRIES
;.,: -12-
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5~276
The above formula is prepared by mixing in the manner
;~ described with respect to Example 1 and in the preceding specifi-
cation and the product made }s utilized as an antiperspirant
by spraying a dry film o the components onto the human skin.
::
~ 5 It is found to be an effective antiperspirant which leaves an
'~ adherent, smooth, dry non-oily film on the skin and does not
.....
cause any u~pleasant oily sensation, such as that often observed
,........................................... .
- after use of prior art formulations containing other emollient-
carriers than those of the present compositions, at application
`~ 10 rates of 0.1 to 2 grams per axilla, e.g., 0.5 and 1.0 g./axilla.
EXAMPLE 3
Parts
Aluminum chlorhydrate powder of average 3.0
particle size of about 15 microns
Propylene glycol dipelargonate 1.5
entone 3~ 0.2
Finely divided talc (0.5 to 40 microns, 1.4
averaging about 15 microns diameter)
Propylene carbonate 0.06
Perfume 0.10
** Propellant mixture t65:35 ratio of"Freons"ll and 12)93.74
** SOLD by - E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Company, Inc.
.,,,, ' .
.,:, . .
t EXAMPLE 4
.~
'!;, , Parts
luminum chlorhydrate powder of average particle 3.0
'~!`' 25 size of about 15 microns
~ Propylene glycol dipelargonate 4.0
`t~ "Cab-O-Sil M5" , 0.35
,,
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EXAMPLE 4 tcont'd )
. Parts
;-~;. Perfume 0.1
` ~ropellant mixture (65:35 ratio of 92.55
` 5 Propellants 11 and 12)
. EXAMPLE 5
. . .
Parts
~luminum chlorhydrate powder, finely divided 3.0
Propylene glycol dipelargonate 6. 5
~ 10 "Bentone 33~ 0-4
. Propylene carbonate 0.1
Perfume . ~ 0.2
.,~
~. Propellant mixture (2:1 Propellants 11:12 ratio) 89.8
,",'.,
,
~. EXAPLE 6
.
:;. 15 Parts
;. Aluminum chlorhydrate powder 3.0
.~ finely divided (10 to 25 microns diameter)
:.: Propylene glycol dipelargonate 4.0
;, .
~Bentone 38~ 0.2
* Dry Flow starch . ~1.0
Propylene carbonate ^. 0.06
.~ Perfume 0.2
i ~
s Propellant mi~ture (2:1 CC13F:CC12F2 ratio) 91.54
,.~
. *** National Starch and Chemical Corporation
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The compositions described in Examples 3-6 are produced
by the method previously given and are tested in the manner
~ previously described in Examples 1 and 2. Results obtained are
:~ similar to those of such examples, with good antiperspirant
activity and the production of adherent smooth- and dry-feeling
- coatings on tpe skin which do not cause the user to experience
': ~ ..
~ an unpleasant oily sensation such as is often otherwise felt
.- utilizing prior art powder aerosol antiperspirant products which
. ~
do not dust or fume excessively. The compositions settle quickly
in air and do not produce a cloud of antiperspirant that could
readily be inhaled by a careless user.
When various changes are made in the described
~ formulas in accordance with the invention, satisfactory anti-
f; perspirant aerosol powder products are also made. Thus, when
in any of Examples 1-6 half of the aluminum chlorhydrate is
.:
; replaced by aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum
oxychloride, zirconium tetrachloride, zirconyl oxychloride or
zinc sulfocarbolate, a product of essentially the same
characteristics is produced except that it is more immediately
~ 20 effective upon spraying and has less "lasting power". Similarly,
!' when all of the aluminum chlorhydrate is so replaced or is
replaced by mixtures of such materials, the immediate effective-
nesses are increased but continuing effectiveness is diminished.
However, the powdered spray adheres satisfactorily to the skin,
~ 25 does not form a long term suspended cloud and is non-oily in
ii ~
both appearance and feel. To obtain the smooth coating of powder
:
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10~276
particle sizesof any insoluble astringent are held within the 1
to 100 micron diameter range, e`.g., 10, 20 and 35 microns.
In Formulas 1-6 and n those in which aluminum
chlorhydrate is partially or completely replaced by other anti-
perspirants, when additional changes are made in which halves
or all of the propylene glycol dipelargonate contents are replaced
with corresponding quantities of propylene-1,3-dipelargonate (the
dipelargonate of the examples is the 1,2-isomer); propylene-1,2-
dioctanoate; propylene-1,3-dioctanoate; propylene-1,2-didecanoate;
propylene-1,3-didecanoate; ethylene-1,2-dipelargonate; ethylene-
l-octanoate-2-pelargonate; ethylene-1,2-di-(2-ethylhexanoate);
and butylene-1,2-dipelargonate, good antiperspirant products
result which are non-oily to the skin. Also, when in any of
; the aforementioned examples or the modifications thereof the
dispersing agent is changed, substituting in whole or in part
talcs, natural clays, synthetic clays, insoluble soaps, starches
or chemically modified starches as dispersing agents for that
utilized in the formula, provided that a sufficient quantity of
the dispersing agent is employed to maintain the antiperspirant
dispersed in the propellant, good antiperspirant effects are
obtained without production of a sticky or oily product. When
employing starches in such applications n'ormally from 1 to 3%
thereof will be utilized, e.g., 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and when hydrophobic
clays such as"Bentone 38"are used instead the proportion thereof
that is found to be satisfactory is preferably from 0.05 to 0.5%,
- 16 - 1
.. , . I
105'~Z76
e.~., 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%. Although insoluble and sometimes,
soluble soaps, such as aluminum stearate may be employed and
although saturated monoalkanolamides are useful sticking agents
and can help to disperse the antiperspirant compound in the
propellant, care will be exercised in utilizing such materials
to avoid employing so much as to produce an oily or sticky
feeling on ,the skin. Preferably, such components will be only
; a minor proportion of the dispersing agent, e.g., 5-3~ thereof.
In the given formulas propylene carbonate may be and
often is omitted when an otherwise satisfactorily dispersed and
dissolved product results. Also, the bactericide or fungicidal
constituents are left out, when desired. The propellant mix may
be changed and when it is varied to utilize other blends of
liquefied gases or similar propellant materials, which mixtures
develop the desired dispensing pressure of about 20 to ~0
lbs./sq. in., e.g., 35, 50 lbs./sq. in., good dispensing of the
product from a conventional aerosol dispensing container is
obtained andthe film applied to the skin is as effective as with
the mixtures of Propellants 11 and 12 specifically set forth
in the examples. Thus, when mixtures of any of Propellants 22,
115 or 152a with any of Propellants C318, 114, 21 or 11~ are
employed (mixtures of the various "highèr" and "lower" pressure
propellants may also be utilized or single such propellants may
be employed) satisfactory pressurized compositions result.
Furthermore, instead of using the halogenated hydrocarbon
propellants, mixtures of lower hydrocarbons such as propane and
isobutane are also substituted to obtain essentially the same
results.
~()5'~27~
The proportions of the various components of the
compositions are variable ove~ the range described herein. Thus,
in Examples 1-6, when the percentage of aluminum chlorhydrate or
; other antiperspirant is changed to as low as 1~ or as high as
10%, good products are produced, with obviously greater anti-
perspirant effects at the higher concentrations. Similarly,
when the propylene glycol dipelargonate or substitute in such
examples is varied over the range of 2 to 15%, to 2, 5, 10 and
15%, maintaining the ratio of astringent (antiperspirant) powder
to alkylene dialkanoate in the range of 0.2 to 3,an adherent
but non-sticky product results. Also, in the formulas given
proportions of dispersing ingredient are changed to 0.05, 0.1,
1.5 and 3%, as desired, to give a satisfactorily suspended
product on storage. In the rangè of 0.2 to 1.5% best dispersing
results. Contents of perfume, bactericide, fungicide and other
adjuvants are varied in the ranges previously described in the
specification and the products produced are satisfactory. Also,
propellant contents are changed over the 70 to 95% range, e.g.,
to 80, 85 and 92%, and good dispensing is the result, usually at
- 20 pressures of 20 to 50 lbs./sq. in.
The invention has been described with respe~t to
illustrative and working examples therebf but is not to be
considered as limited to these because it is evident that one
of ordinary skill in the art, with the present application
bcfore him, will be able to utilize equivalents and
substitutes for elements and process steps hereof without
departing from the spirit of the invention or going beyond its
s Gope .
- 18
,
.
