POWER PROPELLED RECIPROCATING PISTON PUMP LIQUID SPRAYER

PULVERISATEUR MOTORISE A POMPE ALTERNATIVE

English Abstract

ABSTRACT
In a Power Propelled Reciprocating Piston Pump Liquid Sprayer, it is
known to have a reservoir which is mounted on a frame to whose cross members
wheels are attached by which the said reservoir with its contents is propelled
foreward. The power unit mounted on the said reservoir can be either
electric or the gas powered engine type, it drives both the sprayer and
the reciprocating piston pump mounted at the base of the said reservoir.
The said pump employs a spring tensioned rubber piston with manual adjusting
mechanism and is reciprocated by a power driven crank. On the induction
stroke liquid in the said reservoir is drawn through the sliding disc valve
into the cylinder, on compression, contents is forced through a spring ball
loaded valve into a separate chamber situated within the said reservoir.
From the said chamber runs a tube to the exterior of the said reservoir.
where a flexible hose is attached with a spray nozzle on the end. Spring
loaded release valve with the pressure adjustment and a faucet are situated
on the said chamber which enable any surplus fluid to be released back into
the said reservoir. The poser to the rear wheels is transmitted via a "V"
belt to a pulley attached to the said crankshaft to which a sprocket is
attached and from which power is further transmitted via a link chain,
clutch and shaft arrangement, propelling the sprayer in the foreward
direction and reducing its speed to approximately walking pace.

Claims

"The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows."

1. A power propelled reciprocating piston pump liquid sprayer,
comprising a reservoir mounted onto a frame whose front and rear cross
members act as axle shaft supports onto which drive wheels are mounted,
with the front axle being pivoted in the center and having the ability of
being steered manually by moving the attached handle in the desired direction,
and the rear wheels being power propelled, a power unit mounted on top and
to the rear of the said reservoir which provides the power via a "V" belt
and pulleys to a crankshaft and a reciprocating piston pump, said pump
being mounted at the base of a said reservoir, said pump employing an inlet
sliding rubber disc valve partly housed in the valve housing and partly in
the said reservoir, an outlet spring loaded ball valve which is partly
housed in the said valve housing and partly in a chamber welded inside
and to the base of the said reservoir, said chamber completely enclosing
upper portion of the said outlet valve, said chamber having an outlet tube
attached leading to the exterior of the said reservoir, said chamber having
an attached pressure adjusting and release valve which dumps excess liquid
back into the reservoir, a said crankshaft driven by a said power unit via
a said "V" belt and attaching pulleys a chain drive sprocket secured to
the said crankshaft from which the power is transmitted via a front link
chain to the freewheeling clutch member sprocket, a said freewheeling
clutch member and a sliding clutch member which when engaged enable the
power to flow to a chain sprocket secured to a clutch shaft, said sliding
clutch member having the ability to move back and forth guided by a woodruff
key upon a said clutch shaft, movement of the said sliding clutch member
upon the said clutch shaft being controlled by a manually exerted force upon
a clutch actuating lever operating clutch linkage, thus transmitting the
movement to a tapered clutch actuating fork forcing the two said clutch
members together, said clutch members being forced apart (disengaged) by a
coil spring acting between the said members, power being transmitted from a





said clutch shaft sprocket via a rear link chain to the rear axle shaft
sprocket, said axle shaft sprocket being secured to the rear axle shafts
which transmit the power to the attaching said rear drive wheels.


2. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 whose power unit is
mounted on top and to the rear of the reservoir in which provision is made
to accomodate a said power unit, said power unit being bolted to the base
plate and having rubber insulators between the said engine base plate and
the said reservoir, power from the said power unit being transmitted from
its crankshaft pulley to that of a reciprocating piston pump crankshaft,
pulley via a "V" belt a protective cover being provided covering the said
pulleys and the said "V" belt for safety.


3. A power liquid sprayer defined in claims 1 and 2 whose pump
piston is reciprocated in a hollow cylinder by a power driven crankshaft
said crankshaft having a bushing lined connecting rod big end move about
its journal said connecting rod big end having a connecting rod secured to
it, said connecting rod being hollowed through the centre of its embodiment
to facilitate lubrication of the said crankshaft journal and the said
connecting rod to piston sleeve movable joint pin, said connecting rod having
a threaded drilling in its embodiment to accomodate a lubrication nipple or
a sealing plug, said crankshaft being supported in the sleeve type bushing
said bushing being bolted to the reservoir base and reinforcement plate, said
crankshaft having a chain driven sprocket secured to it.


4. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 whose pump piston
comprises of a hollow sleeve at one end of which is a rubber piston, said
piston having a diameter larger than that of a said sleeve, said piston
being retained in the said sleeve by a rod passing through the center of the
embodiment of the said piston and being held by a washer and a retaining nut
against the face of the said rubber piston, opposing end of the said retaining
rod protruding through the said piston sleeve hollow and the center of the
embodiment of an internally fixed boss, sandwiched between a said rubber




piston and a said fixed boss surrounding a said retaining rod is a tensioner
spring, said retaining rod having a screwdriver slot and a locking nut on
the outer end of the said internally fixed boss, said piston sleeve having
small lubricant outlet ports in its embodiment, said piston sleeve cavity
being pre-packed with suitable lubricant, said piston sleeve having a
threaded plug on the outer end preventing lubricant from escaping and dirt
from entering the said piston sleeve while allowing access to the said
retaining rod slotted end and a said lock nut for adjustment.


5. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 having a pump cylinder
supported by a brace on one end, said support brace being welded to a
reservoir base at the opposing end said cylinder being welded to the lower
portion of a valve housing, said lower part of the valve housing being
bolted to the upper portion of the said valve housing, said upper portion
of the said valve housing being welded to the said reservoir base, said
pump cylinder having an external lubrication tube penetrate through and
secured to its embodiment enabling external manual lubrication of the
internal walls of the said cylinder.


6. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 having partly housed
within the valve housing defined in claim 5 an inlet valve, said inlet
valve comprises of a threaded boss, said boss being welded around a hole
in the embodiment of a reservoir base, an inlet valve body threads into
the said boss from inside a said reservoir, said inlet valve partly
protruding into the said valve housing, said valve body having several
small ports drilled in its base through which liquid can pass from inside
of the said reservoir into the said valve housing on the induction stroke
of the pump piston, said ports being blocked off on the inward (exhaust)
stroke by a rubber disc, said rubber disc having a guide pin passing
through the center of its embodiment upon which the said rubber disc
slides, said guide pin being secured to the center of the base of the said
inlet valve body, along side an inlet valve an outlet valve is situated,
said outlet valve having a threaded boss welded around a hole in the
embodiment of a reservoir base, an outlet valve body being

11

threaded into a said boss, outlet valve comprising of a check ball and
spring housed within the said outlet valve body, upper portion of the
said outlet valve being enclosed by a chamber welded to the said reservoir
base on the interior of the said reservoir.


7. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 employs a liquid
chamber which encloses an upper portion of the outlet valve, said chamber
being welded to the said reservoir base on the inside of the said reservoir,
said chamber being made of heavy gauge steel and being of such a size so
that it can be filled with liquid with a few strokes of the pump piston,
to the lower portion of the said chamber and penetrating through the wall
and into the interior of its embodiment is secured a tube, leading to the
exterior of the said reservoir, to the said tube on the exterior of the
said reservoir provisions are made for attachment of a flexible hose with a
spray nozzle said tube having a faucet to cut off the flow of liquid from
the said chamber if desired, to the upper portion of the said chamber and
penetrating through the walls and into the interior of its embodiment is a
tube, said tube having a ball and spring type pressure release and
regulating valve mounted, said tube and valve being situated higher than the
top of the said liquid chamber, said valve having provisions to manually
regulate a said valve spring pressure, said valve having a faucet situated
on the said valve housing and prior to the said valve, said faucet when
opened allows all of the fluid to run freely back into the reservoir
minimizing fluid pressure in the system.


8. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 having power transmitted
from the power unit crankshaft pulley via a "V" belt to the reciprocating
piston pump crankshaft pulley resulting in a speed reduction of the pump
crankshaft in the ratio of 6:1, said reciprocating piston pump crankshaft
having a chain drive sprocket secured to its said sprocket having 15 teeth,
power being transmitted from the said crankshaft sprocket via a front link
chain to a larger sprocket having 49 teeth which is attached to a free-
wheeling clutch member, speed reduction between the two said sprockets

12


resulting in the ratio of 3.26:1, when the said freewheeling clutch
member is engaged with a sliding clutch member power is transmitted along
a clutch shaft, said clutch shaft having a sprocket with 15 teeth secured
to it, from the said clutch shaft sprocket power is transmitted via a
rear link chain to the rear axle shaft sprocket, said axle shaft sprocket
having 37 teeth giving further speed reduction in the ratio of 2.46:1, said
axle shaft sprocket being secured to the axle shafts, power being
transmitted via the said axle shafts to the rear wheels, overall speed
reduction of the power train being in the ratio of 11.72:1.


9. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 whose clutch consists
of a free wheeling clutch member with a chain sprocket combined, said
member being hollowed through the center of its embodiment, center hole of
the said clutch member being of larger diameter through part of the
embodiment in order to accomodate a dissengagement spring, hollow in the
said clutch member having a smaller diameter lined with a soft metal
bushing e.g. bronze, said freewheeling clutch member having a cut away
section of 180° and approximately 1/2" deep angled so as to enable easy
engagement and dissengagement with a sliding clutch member, said free
wheeling clutch member rotates on a clutch shaft which passes through the
said bushing lined hollow in the center of its embodiment, said free
wheeling clutch member is prevented from sliding back and forth on the said
clutch shaft by a pressure of a dissengagement spring acting on the inner
side between the said freewheeling clutch member and a sliding clutch
member and a retaining boss on the outer side secured to the said clutch
shaft, said sliding clutch member having a 180° and approximately 1/2"
deep cut away section angled so as to enable easy engagement and
dissengagement with a said free wheeling clutch member, said sliding clutch
member being hollowed through the center of its embodiment, said sliding
clutch member having a slot along the central hollow of its embodiment to
accomodate a woodruff key, said woodruff key prevents the said sliding
clutch member from rotating about a said clutch shaft but rather rotate

13


with it and slide upon it, said sliding clutch member having a central
hollow of a larger diameter through a portion of its embodiment in order
to accomodate a dissengagement spring, said dissengagement coil spring acts
between the two said clutch members keeping them apart, said clutch shaft
is supported and rotates in a bushing lined support, retainers with the
clevis pins prevent said clutch shaft from sliding within the supports,
clutch shaft chain sprocket is secured to the said clutch shaft in a manner
in which it can be dissassembled e.g. keyd and pinned to the said clutch
shaft between the said clutch shaft sprocket and the said sliding clutch
member a clutch engagement fork acts.


10. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 which employs a clutch
actuating lever pivoted on a fulcrum fixed to the steering handle, said clutch
lever which when depressed manually, causes the clutch control rod to be
drawn foreward, movement of the said clutch control rod causes a pivot pin
to move about its axis thus causing the whole linkage consisting of rods,
link and cross shaft which slides on the guide pin, clutch fork return
spring rod and consequently clutch engagement fork to move foreward against
the pressure of the said clutch fork retain spring, said cross shaft
guide pin being rigidly secured to a cross member, said clutch fork is
tapered so that when it is actuated tapered surfaces press against the
side of a fixed clutch shaft chain sprocket and the sliding clutch member
defined in claim 9 overcoming the clutch dissengagement spring pressure thus
causing the two clutch members to come together and engage enabling the
power to be transmitted to the rear wheels as defined in claim 8, when the
said actuating clutch lever is released the compressed said clutch fork
return spring causes the said clutch linkage and the said clutch fork to move
back into its original position, with the pressure released on the said sliding
clutch member said clutch dissengagement spring forces the two said clutch
members apart preventing the power flow passed the said free wheeling clutch
member.

11. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 having rear axle shafts

14


supported in a bushing lined support, said supports being bolted to the
rear cross member, said member being attached to the frame by a strut on
either side, spacers being situated between the said axle shaft supports
and rear wheels preventing the said axle shafts and said rear wheels from
moving sideways in the said support bushings, rear axle shaft chain drive
sprocket being bolted between the right and left axle shaft transmitting
the power to the said axle shafts.


12. A power liquid sprayer defined in claim 1 whose front axle is
pivoted to the frame by a pivot pin centrally located, steering handle
being bolted to the said front axles on either side close to the front
wheels, any movement of the said handle by the operator in either
direction will cause the said axle with the attached said front wheels to
move in the same direction about the said pivot pin thus steering the
whole machine in that direction.

Description

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SPECIFICATIONS
"This invention relates to a Power Propelled Reciprocating Piston Pump
Liquid Sprayer." -
"It is common in Liquid Sprayers to employ an air compressor or an air
pump which is operated either manually or by mechanical power source. The
air under pressure is passed into the reservoir containing the fluid to be ;~
sprayed thus pressurizing the contents. On release of the pressure from the ~ ;
reservoir to the at~osphere through a spray nozzle the liquid contents is
forced out by the pressure thus creating a flne stream of spray. Although
this type of sprayer can produce desired results in the quality of spray ~ -
which partially is controlled by the quality and type of nozzle used, it
is neverthanless a very cumbersome device, difficult and expensive to
manufacture and repair and can sometimes be time consuming while one waits
for the pressure to build up in the reservoir. These devices are generally
towed on a trailer by the tractor through the fields and orchards and are not
generally suitable for smaller farms and city size lot use. The manually `~
operated ones generally carried by hand and pressure build up is done by ~-
: .
manually operating an air pump handle, although inexpensive to produce, its ` -`
operation is very ~ime consuming and pressure build up is very low, resulting ~-
in poor quality of spray and its uses are limited."
Il I have found ~hat these disadvantages may be overcome by employing
a reciprocating piston pump which is mounted under the fluid reservoir and
powered by either an electric motor or an internal combustion engine. The
pump employs an inle~ or suction valve through which the fluid is drawn
into the cyl;nder on the outward stroke and is forced into a separate chamber ; ~-
through a spring loaded ball valve on the inward stroke, as a chamber is
filled up "which is a matter of seconds'l fresh supply of liquid from the
pump forces the fluid from the chamber out through the spray nozzle on
release. The pressure chamber has a spring loaded release valve, which acts
both as a safety valve and pressure regulating valve, this valve releases any
surplus fluid wh;ch can not pass through the nozzle due to restriction

2 ~

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~L~7Z0~4

resulting from the size of the nozzle back into the reservoir. Besides
acting as a safety and pressure regulating valve this enables the fluid
in the reservoir to be constantly mixed ensuring any particles to remain `~ ;
suspended in the fluid. On the same tube leading from the said chamber on
which a said release valve is mounted and prior to the valve, a aucet is
situated which when opened releases all the pressure in the system and
dumps all of the fluid pumped into the chamber back into the reservoir
constantly mixing the contents in the reservoir. This is generally used
when starting up the power unit, prior to commencement of spraying or while `~
transporting the sprayer from one place to another under its own power
while no spraying is taking place. This sprayer is self propelling and
all an operator needs to do is depress a handle to engage a clutch and
power is transmitted from the power unit via a "V" belt to the crank pulley
via a front link type ~hain to the clutch shaEt and the rear chain to the
rear axle shafts and to the rear wheels. The speed of the sprayer is
geared down to approximately walking pace. To manufacture this machine ~ ~`
would be very inexpensive since there is no air compressor, air seals, `;~
hoses and fittings associated with the air compressor. It can be trans-
ported under its own power from tree to tree, across the lawn etc. ~ts ;~
contents is constantly mixed which means that powder particles would not
settle to the bottom but would remain suspended in the li~uid i.e. water.
It is lightweight and easy and safe to operate 9 it can be used indoors
with electric motor preventing gas fumes, such as watering or spraying of
greenhouse plants. It can be used for industrial purposes, for washing
cars, store shelves, machine components etc. where there is no piped water
at hand or where a liquid mixture is required. Pressure of spray can be
regulated to prevent damage to the fragile plants when they are being
sprayed. Front wheels can be steered and all parts of the sprayer can
be easily lubricated and maintained." -;
"In drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention,
Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section showing the reservoir, the
pressure chamber and valve arrangement, position of the pump, drive train,

~7; ~ ;4
.
the clutch, steering mechanism and the power unit.
Figure 2 is a view showing a reciprocating piston pump and crankshaft piston
with the spring tension and adjusting mechanism, valve hou&ing and valve
arrangement.
Figure 3 shows power transmission and gearing, clutch, clutch engagement
fork and its linkagel front and rear axles and wheels, steering handle and
clutch operating handle.
The sprayer illustrated comprises a reservoir 65, which is mounted on~o
the frame 48. On top and to the rear of the reservoir, 65, provision is
made for the power unit 68, which is bolted to the base plate 70 and
rubber insulators 71.
When the power unit is operative, power is transmitted from the 2 inch ``;
engine pulley 69, via a "V" belt 72, to a 12 inch pump crank pulley 26
(achieving 6:1 speed reduction) which rotates the crankshaft 22, thus
reciprocating the piston sleeve 12, and the rubber piston 13 within a ~cylinder 9. ; -
As a safety feature ~here is a protective cover 25, over the engine
pulley 69, "V" belt 72 and the upper portion of the crank pulley 26. `
Crankshaft is supported in the sleeve type bushings 20 and 21 bolted to the
reservoir base 1 and the reinforcement plate 24. ;
As the crankshaft rotates, circular motion is changed into reciprocating
motion by the crank pin, connecting rod end 23, connecting rod 19 and
the movable joint pivoted about the pin 18.
Piston comprises of a sleeve with an internally fixed boss 12, fig. ~ `~
2 at the end of a said sleeve is a rubber piston 13, tensioned by a spring
14, thus providing a seal preventing the liquid from flowing passed and out - ;
: ,
of the cylinder 9. When rubber piston 13 wears, nut 11 can be manually
tightened while the retaining rod 15 is being held with e.g. screwdriver.
Plug 16 is provided to prevent the dirt from entering into the piston sleeve
12, while retaining pre-packed grease within. Small ports (not shown) are
drilled in the wall of the piston sleeve 12, which enable grease to
escape gradually thus lubricating internal surface of cylinder 9. Additional ;~


. .

1~7ZC~64
'~ .
lubrication is achieved by manually inserting few drops of oil through the
tube 2. Crank pin 23 and joint pivot pin 18 are lubricated in the similar ,~
manner e.g. plug or nipple 2 on the hollow connecting rod 19.
Cylinder 9 in which the piston 13 reciprocates is supported by a brace
100 10 welded to the reservo;r base 1. At the other end cylinder 9 is welded
to the lower part of the valve housing 3 which bolts up to the upper portion
which in turn is welded to the reservoir base 1. Welds and seals around
these components must be of such nature so as not to allow the liquid under
pressure to leak.
Housed partially within the valve housing 3 are the suction or inlet
valve 17, fig. 2 and the exhaust or the outlet valve 5 fig. 1 and 2.
Inlet valve 17 fig. 2 (not shown in detail) co~prises of a threaded
boss wh;ch is welded around a hole in the reservoir base 1. An inlet valve
body which threads into the welded boss from inside the reservoir (to enable
110 easy access for service) and protrudes into the valve housing 3, has several ,
small ports drilled in its base through which liquid is passed from the
reservoir into the cylinder 9 on the outward (induction) stroke. These
small approximately 1/8" dia. ports are blocked off on the inward ~exhaust '~
stroke) by a rubber disc which slides on a pin passing through its center -;~
and which is fixed to the center of the said inlet valve body base.
Outlet valve 5, which is also partially contained within the valve
housing 3 and is placed parallel in line with the inlet valve 17, also has
a boss welded around a drilling in the reservoir base 1 into which an outlet -`
valve body is threaded. This valve is of a ball and spring type, which when
120 the piston 13 fig. 2 moves foreward inside the cylinder 9 forcing the liquid
contents foreward, pressure of which overcomes the outlet valve 5 spring
pressure thus lifting the ball off its seat causing the fluid to flow into
the chamber 4. When the piston 13 begins to move outwards pressure in the ~`
cylinder ~ is reduced and the valve spring seats the steel ball trapping the
liquid inside the chamber 4, this chamber 4 is filled up with several strokes
of the piston.
Liquid chamber 4 is made of heavy gauge steel and is welded to the


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reservoir base 1, it completely encloses the upper portion of ~he outlet
valve 5. From the chamber ~ runs a tub~ 7 to the exterior of the reservoir -
130 65. To this tube 7, a flexible hose with the spray noz~le is attached (not
shown.)
When the chamber 4 is filled up with the liquid and the faucet is
turned on allowing the free passage to the spray noæ~le, spraying commences.
To prevent excessive buildup of pressure and consequent failure of the
machine, a safety pressure adjusting and release valve 6 is built onto the
chamber. This valve is o~ the ball and spring type with the provision for
the spring tension to be manually adjusted by tightening or loosening the `
adjus~ing screw resulting in liquid pressure variations. Prior to the
ball check valve a faucet is provided which when opened allows the fluid
140 to run freely back into the reservoir minimizing pressure in the system.
Access to this valve is obtained through the filler cap 66. ;
Certain drain points are provided on this machine to drain the pump
9 for storage or when the type of liquid to be sprayed is being changed,
tube and plug 8 are provided. Reservoir 65 is drained through cock 73~ while
the chamber 4 can be drained through the passage 7.
Besides being able to spray liquids into the atmosphere this machine
is designed so that it is propelled under its own power in the following
manner.
The power generated by the power unit 68 is transmitted from a 2"
150 dia. power unit pulley 69 to a 12" dia. pump and transmission shaft pulley
26 via a "V" belt 72, resulting in a speed reduction ratio of 6:1.
To the crankshaft 22 a chain drive sprocket 27, ~having 15 teeth) is
attached from which power is transmitted via a link chain 28 to a larger
sprocket 29 ~having 49 teeth) which is attached e.g. by welding to a free
wheeling clutch member 30 (this produces further reduction in speed in
the ratio of 3.26:1) when the sliding clutch member 32 is engaged with the
free wheeling clutch member 30, the power is transmitted along a clutch
shaft 36 to which sprocket 35 (having 15 teeth) is secured. From clutch
shaft sprocket 35 to rear axle shaft sprocket 41 (having 37 teeth) power

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160 transmitted via a link chain 40 (this adds final speed reduction of 2.46~
Power is then transmitted via the axle shafts 42 to the rear wheels 46 ~ ;
(with the over~ll speed reduction of 11.72:1).
To engage the clutch, a clutch lever 60 which is pivoted on fulc~um
61 fixed to the steering handle 64 must be pressed manually causing the
clutch control rod 58 to be drawn foreward which causes the pivot S7 to
move about its axis. This causes the whole linkage, rod 56 link 55,
rod 54 crosshaft 51 which slides on the guide pin 53 (which îs bolted to the
cross member 49) rod 52 and consequently clutch engagement fork 34 to move
foreward against the pressure of the spring 50 (fig. 3).
170 When the clutch fork 34 is moved foreward its tapered surface presses
against the sprocket 35 and the sliding clutch member 32. Being that the ,
sprocket 35 is fixed to the clutch shaft 36 with a pin and a woodruff
key 38, to facilitate assembly, it can not be moved outwards by the pressure
exerted by the clutch fork 34, all of the movement results in the sliding
clutch member 32, which moves on the shaft 36 and the woodruff key 33,
overcoming the pressure of the spring 31 and engaging with the freewheeling
clutch member 30 ~hus locking it into the power train.
When the clutch lever 60 is released the compressed clutch fork
disengagement spring 50 causes the clutch linkage and the clutch fork 34
180 to move back into its original position. With the pressure released on the
sliding clutch member 32j spring 31, forces the two clutch members 32 and 30
apart preventing the power flow passed the freew~eeling clutch member 30.
Freewheeling clutch member 30 is prevented from sliding back and forth ~ ;
on the clutch shaft 36 by the pressure of the spring 31 acting on one side
and the retainer 37 on the other side. Clutch shaft 36 is supported and
runs in the bushing lined supports 39. Retainers with the clevis pins clutch
shaft 36 from sliding within the supports 39.
Rear axle shafts 42 are supported in a bushing lined supports 43
which are bolted to the rear cross member 44 which is attached to the frame
190 48 by a strut on either side. Spaces 45 prevent the axle shafts 42 and rear
wheels 46 from moving sideways in the support bushings 43.

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Wheels 46 and 47 have a steel disc and rim with a solid rubber tire
centre hub comprises of a caged needle roller bearings, they are retained :
on the axles 42 rear and 63 front by a thrust washer and a split pin (not
shown). ~:
Front axle 63 is pivoted to the frame 43 by a pivot pin 62. Steering
handle 64 is bolted to the axle 63 on both ends close to the wheels 47.
Any movement of the handle 64 by the operator in either direction will cause
the a~le 63 with the attached front wheels 47 to move in the sa~e direction
200 about the pivot 62 thus steering the whole machine in that direction. ~-