Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
~lO~;iZ8 ~
This invention relates to t11e spinning ~nd twisting ring-
machines ~hich~ iYL the ensuing descripticn will be c~lled for
short ring spinning machincs and relates particlllarly to the rings
used in mach.ines of this kind
It is known that in the c.onventional ring frames the
rings are fixed, that is to say, stably mounted on the bench or
ring-carrier, on eacl1 ring there being a small ring or traveller
which is the twisting member for impressing the desired t~ist to
the yarn being spooled. This traveller is driven to rotation by
the tension of the yarn which is passed therethrough and is wound
on the cop which is slipped onto the quickly rotating spindle.
As a result~ also the traveller attains in its sliding
on the ring a high peripheral speed which is such as to originate
heavy specific loads per unit of surface and these, in their turn,
are such as to bring about a consi.derable heating of the traveller
and thus a rapid wear thereof/ frequent replacements being thus :~
required. In addition, heat-sensitive yarns are exposed to :
damages when in contact with the heated traveller.
These and other reasons have placed a limit which can be :~
only hardly overtaken as regards the rotation speed of the spindle~
and thus the output of the conYentional ring frames~
An attempt towards doing away with the hindrances and
improving the working conditions Qe the ring frames has been made
in order to increase the output of the frame~ and among the seve-
ral suggestions, particular mention is deserved by those which :
provide for adopting rotary rings of the so-called self-rota-ting ..
type, instead of ~he fixed ringsO In pra¢tice~ it has been
envisaged to suspe.nd in a rotatable way the conventional ring with :
the ~raveller thes~eon so as to reduce, by virtue of the rotation
3 of the ring~ the sliding speed o~ the traveller on the ring, the
speed of rotation of the spindle being the same.
". . , .
.~ . ''~
'~ . .
, , ~ ' ~ . ~.,
~ 3~
The resul-ts which have been so obtained are far from
being satisfactory. The ro-tary ring, ~ue to its considerable
mass and iner~ia originates considerable difficulties
especially if one considers -the absolute requirement that
the overall speed of rotation of -the rotary rin~ and of the
traveller on the ring must, at every instant, be slightl~
below the~speed of-rotation of the spindle in order -to ensure
that the yarn is spooled on -the spool mounted on -the spindle.
In addition, since -the traveller is slidable on -the
; 10 ring, i-t remains prone of frictional hea-ting so -that the
problems inherent in the heat-sensitive yarns are far from
being solved.
An object of the present invention, in the main, is
to do away with such drawbacks and to provide a rotary ring
for spinning and twisting frames which permits considerable
increase in the speed of rotation of the spindles while con-
tantly ensuring the condition of a speed which is slightly `-`
below, for the ring, that of the spindle and makes possible
the processing even of hea-t-sensitive yarns.
To solve these problems, it has been thought to equip
the rotor annular body of the ring, ra-ther than wi-th a
` traveller slidable thereon, with a rider in the form of a
small ring or~like member, to be hooked to said annular rotor
and to shape such a rider in such a way that a part of its
slides on a surface of the stator body to which the ro-tor body
is concentrically coupled for rotation~ while another portion
i of said rider, far from such sliding por-tion, is so shaped as
to permit that the yarn being processed may run therethrough.
j By so doing, the ring-shaped rider fulfils two important
3~ requirements, viz.:
.
... .
. ~ . . . : ,
: ., ., .. - .. .. :
'~0~3Z~
1) It exerts a braking action hetween -the rotary body
and the stator body oF the ring so -that ~the speed o:F ro-tation
of the rotor body is always slightly below the speed of ro-
tation of the spindle, and
2) It maintains the running yarn far from -the area which,
as
(
-3a-
., ' .
;l
3 ~ 8
¦ a r~sult o~ t;)le s].idin~r action on the s-tator bocl.y~ could reacl~ h
¦t~mperatures~ th.ls allo~iing the l~r~-cessin~ at a high speec~ e~en
or he~t-- s~si-ti~a y~rns .
Such a rider e~n comprise, more par-ticularly~ ~ por~i.on
whicl~l is direcl;ed outwardly alld i~i in-tended to slide on a surface
of the stator body of the. ring9 and a curled portion which can be
hooked to the rotor bocly of the ringr and is adapted to permit,
in the vicinity of the hooking spot, the run o the yarn The
curled portion, which is hooked, -I:or example, in a hole of. the
rotor ,ody, presses, due to the action of centrifugal force, again
the internal surEace of said body.
In order to obtain that such rider may fulfil its f~lncti.ol ;.
of exhibiting ilts braking action, it is required that the resultan~
of the forces to which it is subjected in ~peration be directed
to~ards the sliding countersurface of the stator body of the ring
so as to maintain the sliding portion aforesaid of .the rider in .
contact with said surface and that the point of action of such
resultant force is displ aced towards the outside.
. . The forces which are active .upon such rider in motion and
whichg as a whole ~ supply sllch a resultant ~ are the tens.ion of
the yarn between the rider and the spool, the tension o:E the yarn
due to "ballooning", the weight of- the rider~ the centrifugal
. ~ force to which it is subjected3 an.d the frictional force on the
stator body. ..
25. The braking action OlC su¢h rider is extremely important
to the ends of *he satisfactory operation of the rotary rings and
distinguishes the approach of this inrention over the con~entional ...
one s 0
It is to be borne in Dllnd~ that~ as the coiling diameter
of the spool is increased, it is required that the difference .........
bet~een the speeds of rotation of the ring and the spindle is
. decreased in order that the twist of the yarn during the formation
of. the spool may :remain almost constant. This means that the
braking action of the rider hooked to the rotor body and sliding
. ' . .
. 4.
., ' ~` :
.~, .
~ 32~
on the stator body mus-t be such -that the -two extreme speeds
of rota-tion of -the ro-tor body, that is the speed during the
spooling of the yarn on the empty cop and during the spooling
of the yarn on a nearly full cop differ from the speed of
rotation of the spindle by no more than 2~6, and preferably no
more than 1 to 2%.
This is obtained by a proper shaping of the rider and
an appropriate selection of its size.
When rings having a diameter over about 60 mm are in-
vo~ved, such rings being used for processing high-count yarns
or twisted yarns, the sliding portion of the ringlike rider
hooked to the rotor body can be exposed to premature wear. This
can be explained by the fact that in such a case the forces
acting upon the ringlike rider reach a considerable magnitude
and thus the resultant of these forces has a considerable ma-
gnitude.
In order that the ideas exposed in -the foregoing may
be applied also to rings having a diameter over about 60 mm.
the present invention provides in such a case -to make with
a wear-resistant material the sliding portion of the rider
which is hoo~èd to the rotor body of -the ring.
As an alternative,,or in addition~ to the foregoing,
the rider can also be equipped with~a portion which, during
the rotation at high surface speeds, causes the resistance -~
of the air to be exalted while reducing the magnitude of the
resultant of the forces which are active upon the rider.
Further features and advantages of -the~invention will
become more clearly apparent from the description of a few
embodiments which are shown by way of suggestive example wi-
-thout limitation in -the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings :
' .
5'.~
.- '.
-~: , .~ : - - . : .
-LO'73Z8~
FIGURE 1 shows, for one half in cross-section and
for the other half in elevational view a rotary rider ac-
cording to the invention.
FIGURE 2 shows a fragmentary view of another embodiment
of the ring with the rider hooked to the rotary portion
hooked in
': `
:
-5a- `~ :
,. .
;~:
"~
~ 0r~328~
a different way.
FIGURE 3 is a perspective view oE another embodiment.
FIGURES 4 and 5 are partial views, in cross-section and
in plan view, how the rider of FIGU~E 3 is applied to -the rotary
ring.
FIGURE 6 shows a further embodiment of the rider which
is to be hooked to the rotary portion of the ring.
FIGURES 7 and 8 are views similar to those of FIGURES L~
and 5 of the manner in which the rider of FIGURE 6 is applied.
~ FIGURE 9 shows yet another embodiment of the rider which
is hooked to the rotary portion of the ring.
FIGURE 10 is a perspective view of still another embodi-
ment of such rider.
FIGURES 11, 12 and 13 show three different cross-sectional
views of riders to be hooked to the rotary portion of the rings.
FIGURE 14 shows, similarly to FIGURE 2, a rider hooked to
the rotary body with the sliding portion made of a wear-resistant
material.
FIGURE 15 is a view taken along the direction of the arrow
of FIGURE 14.
FIGURE 16 shows, similarlty to FIGURE 2, still another
embodiment of the rider hooked to the rotary body.
FIGURE 17 is a view taken alonggthe arrow indicated in
` FIGURE 16,
FIGURES from 18 to 20 show, in cross-section as in FIGURE
2, in side view along the arrow indicated in FIGURE 18 and in plan
view, respectively~, yet another embodiment of said rider.
FIGURES 21 and 22 show in cross-section as in FIGURE 2
and in plan view, respectively, still another embodiment of the
rider hooked to the rotary body.
' ~.
.
,~
--6--
. .
-
lV73Z&~
FIGURES 23-24 and 25-26 show similarly to FIGURES 14-15
additional embodiments of said rider, and
FIGURE 27 shows a plot of the average tensions of the
yarns as a func-tion of the RPMs of the~spindles in a comparison
-6a-
,
~ 32~
of the rider according to the invention with conventional
rings.
As can clearlv be seen in FICURE 1, the rotary ring
according to the invention, generally indica-ted a-t 10, comprises
an annular s-tator body 11, fastened to the bench or ring-carrier
carriage 12 and an annular rotor body 13 which is concentrically
coupled for rotation to the stator body by means of a string of
balls 14, retained by a cage 15. At the center of the ring 10
and coaxially therewith there is the--spindle 16 on which a cop 17
is placed for the forma-tion of a bobbin cop 18 of yarn. The
yarn 19 to be spooled on the cop comes, conventionally, from a
draw-frame and a thread guide (not shown).
The top of the rotor body 13 of the ring has a hole or
slot 20 into which a rider 21 shaped in quite particular a way,
is hooked.
In the embodiment depicted in FIGURE L, -the rider 21
dis~lays a planar portion 22 and a twin-curled portion 23, 2~.
The curled portion 2~ of 21 is hooked into the hole 2D of the
rotor body 13, whereas in the eye 23 the yarn 19 runs and goes to
the bobbin 18 and the planar portion 22 slides on a top surface 25
of the ring stator body 11.
During the rotation of the spindle 16, due to -the centri-
fugal effect, the curled portion 2~ of the rider 21 goes to press
against the inner surface of the rotary body 13, whereas, by
virtue of the resultant of the forces active upon 21, the outwardly
projecting planar portion 22 rests against and slides on the top
surface 25 of the stator body 11, -thus bringing about the braking
action.
It can be s~een that the bent portion 23 of 21 which re-
ceives the yarn 19 when running, is near -the point of nooking of
21 and is far from the area in which the sliding member slides on
_7 ~
:~73Z~
the stator body, so tha-t the yarn is no-t exposed to any over~
heating hazard.
The rider 21 hooked to the rotary body 13 of the ring
10 can -take another form.
Thus, in the embodiment of F:IGURE 2, the rider 21 has
. . ...
~ ~37~2~3L~
still a planar portion 22 projecting outwardly and intended to
res~ ayainst the planar top surface 25 of the stator body 11,
whereas it has a portion 26 which is merely bent in the shape of
a C by which the rider 21 is hooked into the hole 20 of the rotor
body 13 and through which the yarn 19 is allowed to pass.
~ he embodiments illustrated in the Figures from 3 to
8 of the drawings are similar to that of Figure 2, but the planar
portion 27 of 21 is wider than the portion 26 bent in the shape
of a C.
According to the embodiment shown in Figures from 3 to
5, the widener planar portion 27 of 21 is freely slipped into a
circumferential slit 28 formed through the stator body 11 of the
ring so that the rider 21 is guided in its rotation and the
braking action can be impressed to both the opposi~e surfaces of
the slit.
~ n the embodiment depicted in Figures from 6 to 8,
rider 21 has, in addition, two flexible tabs 29 and is intended
to become hooked from the inside into the hole 20 of the rotor
body 13. On completion of the introduction, the tabs 29 prevent
the hooked-in rider from being unthreaded.
Yet another emb~diment of the rider 21 is shown in
Figure 9 A It is akin to that of Figure 1, but for the protrud-
ing planar portion 22 intended to slide on the surface 25 of the
stator body, said portion 22 being formed by an end section of
another curled portion of 21.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 10, the rider 21 has
a hook 45 by wh:ich it is hooked in the hole 20 of the rotaxy
body 13, a nooselike portion 46, by which it slides on the sur-
face 25 of the stator body 11, and also a ~econd hook 47 through
which the yarn :L9 runs. The nooselike portion 46 is comparative-
ly broad and Stclys on a plane perpendicular to that of the hooks
45 and 47.
~- - .
-8-
. ,.
~3~8~
Rider 21 can be formed by stamping, bending and simi-
lar operations from steel sections which can take a number of
outlines, such as flat with rounded corners ~Figure 11), round
(Fig. 12), or half-round (Figure 13, and, in addition, the
pieces can
-8a-
B
....... ..
3Z8~
undergo an appro~ria-te heat treatment in order -that an adequa-te
hardness may be imparted thereto.
The embodiments of the rider 21 which w;ll be described
hereinafter Wit}l reference to FIGURES from 14 to 26 are especially
suitable for rin~s having a large diameter (about 60 mm and over)
intended for processing coarse yearns or twis-ted yars.
In the embodiment shown in FIGURES 14 and 15, rider 21
has a twin_bend ~ortion 23-24, the curled portion 24 being hooked
into the hole 20 of the rotor body :L3 with the yarn 19 going to
the bobbin by running through the curled section 23. Rider 21 is
made of a smooth hard material, such as tempered steel and the free
end of the bend 23 carries a body 31, which, with its rounded`
bottom surface slides on the surface 25 of the stator body 11.
The cylindrical body 31 is made of a wear-resistant material such
as a ceramic of sintered alumina. Its bottom surface is rounded
so that no sharp edge may contact the surface 25, even if the
rider ~1 becomes inclined relative to the surface 25, for example,
due to the effect of forces to which it may become subjected
during rotation. ;
If desired, the planar surface 25 itself of the stator
body 11 of the ring can be coated by a wear-resistant material.
In the embodiment of FIGURES 16-17, rider 21 still dis-
plays a twin_curl portion 23, 24 having the same task as outlined
above, whereas its portion intended for sliding on the surface 25 --
is shaped in the form of a tab 32 having a ledger 33 which con-tacts
the surface 25. If desired~ -the tab 32 can be embodied also
without any ledger such as 33.
During the rota-tion of rider 21, the tab such as 32 offers
a certain resistance to the air so that a force is originated,
which tones down the magnitude of the resultan-t of the forces act-
ing u~on the rider 21. By so doing, the wear to which the sliding
portion of rider 21 is subjected is reduced especially when 21 is
rotated at high surface speeds.
Rider 21 as embodied in FIGURES 1~-20 is of then~atu~e o~
_9_
~ , , ,, , , ,, , , ' .: '
lO~Z~
that depicted in FIGURES 14-15 but has a planar portion 22 to
which is applied, by the agency of a slot 34, a planar sliding
body 35 made of a wear-resistant material which rests against the
surface 25. As can be seen in FIGURE 19, the rider 21 can be
arranged on a plane which is at a slope relative to the planar
body 35.
FIGURES 21_22 show another en~odi~.ent of rider 21 hooked
in the hole 20 of the rotary body 13. Such a rider 21 is compo-
sed by a planar plate 36 from which project upwardly a crook 37
through which the yarn 19 can be passed and a tab 38 and, down-
wardly, another crook 39 by means of which the tab is hooked in
tne hole 20. The tab 3~ fulfils the same task as the tab 32 of
the member shown in FIGURES 16-17.
The rider 21 according to the embodiments shown in
FIGURES 23-24 and 25-26 are similar to that of FIGURES 18-20 and
th~ difference therefrom is the different configuration of the
sliding body made of a wear-resisting material as applied to the
planar portion 22.
In the example shown in FIGURES 23-24, the slidinb body
is a bent plate having a central double portion 40 positioned per-
pendicularly to the surface 25 and two planar -tabs 41, 42 which
contact the surface 25. The central portion 40 has the function
of the tab 32 of the rider 21 of FIGURES 16-17 and increases the
resistance to air during ~otation thus reducing the resultant of
the forces which act upon the rider 21. Rider 21 can be arranged
at an angle relative to the body 40-42 as shown in FIGURE 24.
In the example shown in FIGURES 25_26, the sliding body
43 has a prismatic form with a planar base contacting the surface
25, the top surfacle having a twin slope like a roof and a central
bore through which 21 is allowed to pass with a certain clearance,
-10~
-
. : :
32~
the resul-t being that the portion 22 of 21, i.e. the shank, can
be inclined relative to 43, as shown in FIGURE 26. Also 43, in
addition to being made of a wear-resisting material, offers a
certain resistance to air~ so that the resultant of the forces
acting upon 21 is reduced thereby.
,.;..:'.-: :" '
.
: ~"
-lOa- : ~
. . .
- - -
. . , , ~ . : , . -
~¦ Be it understood that thc several embodl~lents showrl and
¦described in the drawings are in no wise limitations and a nwllb~r
of modified embodiments can be envisaged without depart~ g from
the basic genera] ide~ of the pre~ent invention.
The ad~antages afforcled by the rotary rider according to
¦the invention can now be fully appre~iated from the fore~oing
¦disclosure.
It must be added,however~ that by an appropriate sizing
o~ parts~ the specific pressure of the rider 21 against the sliding
surface 25 of the stator body becoines a great deal lower than the
specific pressure impressed by a con~entional traveller which runs
on the ring~ so that also the tension of the yarn being spooled is
less than that which is expericnced when working with the conventic n~-
- al travellers.
1$ A comparati~etest has been carried t)ut between a conven~
tional ring with three standard types of travellers and a rider
according to the invention equipped with a member hooked to the
rotary body as shown in FIGURE 1. At ~arious values of the rota-
tional speed of the spindle, there ha~e been measured by using
an electronic tension meter~ the values of the tension of yarn at
a location X on the diamet~r of the cop and at a location Y on the
filled-bobbin diameter.
Tn the test there has been used a yarn having the ~ollow-
ing specifications :
Material : Sudan cotton
Staple length : 36 mm
Processing : twisted
~ Count : Ne = 56J2, equivalent to tex 10,5/2
- Twists : 25S5 turns per inch~equivalent to 1010
. .
Cops have been employed which were 280 mm tall~ had a
; base diameter of 28 mm and a tip diameter o~ 22 mm~ th- diameter
of the spooled up cop being 43 mm.
Conventional ring :
. . .
~ 35 Inside ~Lameter : 50 mm ~ ~
. , ' ` 11,. ' '
. . :'.
-LV~;t32~
Flange : conventional number 1, equal to a top
dimension o 3.2 mm
Standard travellers :
A) English number 5/0 equal to IS0 Number 35.5 (weight
0.0355 g)
B) English Number 1/0 euqal to IS0 Number 56 (weight
0.056 g)
C) English Number 2 equal to IS0 Number 71 (weight
0.071 g)
Rider according to the invention:
Inside diameter of the retor body : 55 mm
D) Member hooked to the rotor body according to FIG. 1
hereof : weight 0.07 g.
The following TABLE shows the values of the yarn tension
as measured at the locations X and Y as defined aboveg as well as
the average values.
T A B L E
Spindle Traveller TravellerTraveller Rider
speed,RPM A B C D
X Y X~YX Y X+YX Y X+YX Y X~Y :
2 2 2 2
10.000 28 36 32 23 29 26 15 18 16.5 18 23 20.5 ;i~
12.000 38 47 4205 31 39 35 20 24 22 20 26 23
14.000 49 59 54 41 53 47 27 37 32 24 31 27.5
16.000 61 75 68 52 68 60 36 52 44 28 36 32
~8.000 32 43 37.5
20.000 40 52 46
It should be notined that with the standard travellers
A, B and C there have been measured the values of tXe tension up
to the spindle speed of 16,ooo RPM, since, at such a speed, with
a 50 mm diameter o the ring, the peripheral or surface speed of
the traveller is 41.87 m/sec., that which is a limiting speed, -
beyond which the travellers are burned out by overheating.
12.
10~32~
T~e spindle speed of 20,00n RPM is by no way a maximum
limit for th~ rider according to the present invention.
FIGURE 27 is a plot of the average values of the tension
for the conventional ring with the travellers A, B and C for the
rider according to the invention with rider D hooked to the rotor
body.
It can clearly be appreciated that the tension trend for
the rider according to this invention is much more attractive than
that for the conventional -travellers.
The decreased yarn tension minimizes the ha~ard of yarn
breaks during processing.
Such a hazard is further reduced since during the starting
stage of the rotation o~ the spindles, the portion of the rider
hooked to -the rotor body and which is intended to slide on the
stato~ body, by virtue of the initial tension of the yarn, vir-
tually does not touch the stator body so that jerks and over-
tensions of the yarn are effectively preveted.
