Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
76
This invention relates to compositions having rodénti-
cidal activity and intended for use in the destruction of ro
dents such as rats and mice, and to a method for the destruction
of rodents.
Several derivatives of indane-diones and ~-hydro~y-
coumarins are known to possess the property of lowering the
amount of prothrombin in the blood. For this reason, they may
be used as rodenticides, producing high mortality in rats and
rnice by causing lntexnal hemorrhaging~ However compositions
containing these compounds lack satisfactory storage properties,
tending to be unstable or tending to render bait to which they
are applied unattractive to rodents.
It is an object of this invention to provide a rodenti-
cidal composition which is stable during storage.
It is another object of this invention to provide a
rodenticidal composition which does not impair the attraction
to rodents of bait to which it is applied.
According to this invention, there is provided a com-
position having rodenticidal activity comprising a compound
selected from the group consisting of chlorophacinone, diphaci-
none, bromadiolone, and coumachlor, in a rotenticidal amount,
dissolved in a glycol and a volatile co-solvent miscible with
the glycol in which said compound is more soluble than in said
glycol, said glycol and said co-solvent being in a weight ratio
selected to provide a greater solubility of said compound than
in said glycol alone, said weight ratio being within the range
of about 5-5.5.
This invention also provides a method of killing rod-
ents which compr:ises applying to or placing in a rodent habitat
or rodent infested location a composition wherein said volatile
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co-solvent is acetone or dichloromethane, and said glycol is
ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or a polyoxyethylene gly-
col.
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It has now been found that indane~diones and
4-hydroxycoumarins, in general, exhibit satisfactory
solubility in glycols, for example propylene glycol,
ethylene glycol and polyoxyethylene glycols, such as
polyoxyethylene glycol 300 that i~ polyoxyethylene
glycol of molecular weight 300, thereby yielding
solutions which are stable over a substantial length
of time.
Moreover, when the solubility of the rodenti-
cidally active compounds in a glycol is too low for thedesired concentration o~ the compound to be achieved,
a volatile co-solvent, miscible with the glycol, for
example, dichloromethane or acetone, may be employed
to yield a stable solution which may have a concentra-
tion of the order of 10 g/kg.
Any indane-dione or 4-hydroxycoumarin which ;~
is an effective rodenticide, that is possesses anti-
coagulant properties, may be employed in the composi-
tions of this invention. Such compounds are exemplified
by the following 4-hydroxycoumarins:
(l-phenyl-2-acetyl)-3-ethyl-4-hydroxycoumarin, commonly
known as Warfarin, 3-(~-acetonyl-4-chlorobenzyl)-4-
hydroxycoumarin, commonly known as Coumachlor, -
~3-(4'-hydroxy-3'-coumarinyl~-3-phenyl-1-(4'-bromo-4'-
biphenyl)]-l-propanol, commonly known as Bromadiolone,
3-(3'-paradiphenylyl-1',2',3', 4'-tetrahydro-1'-naphthyl)- `-
4 hydroxycoumarin commonly known as Difenacoum and ;
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3-(1 ,2 ~3 ,~ -tetrahydro-l -naphthyl)-~-hydroxycoumarin
commonly known as Coumatetralyl, and the following
indane-diones, 1,1-diphenyl-2-acetyl-1,3-indane-dione,
commonly known as Diphacinone arld (l -p-chlorophenyl-l -
phenyl)-2-acetyl-1~3-indane-dione, commonly known as
Chlorodiphacinone.
The concentration in a glycol of the
rodenticidal compound is preferably frorn Ool to 10 g/kg.
The solutions in glycols, irrespectlve of
whether they additionally contain solvents miscible
witll th~ ylycol used are chemically s-table. They can
be coloured with water-soluble dyes and may contain
compounds for imparting an aroma thereto.
T~le solutions of rodent:icides in ~Jlycols may -
be used to impregnate baits which are based on cereals,
for example wheat, maize~ barley and oats~ or any other
support which is likely to be eaten by thc rodents,
for example apples or carrots. These solutions in
glycols can also be used to impregnate an absorbent substance
or powder to form a trail poison.
Moreover,when the solutions in glycol are
diluted with water they can be used as toxic drinks for
the rodents and can be sprayed on plan-ts or par-ts
of pllnts which are usually catcn by tilf' rodents. ~;
Thc following Examples illustrate this invention: `
EXAMLLE 1
:
To prepare a concentrate in propylene glycol,
2~5 g of Bromadiolone were dissolved at a ternperature
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of about 90C in 997.5 of propylen~ glycol. Aftcr
cooling, a so].ution was obtained which cf~ntained 2.5
g of "Bromadiolone" per ky.
X~MPI,I 2
.,
The procedure oE Example 1 was repeated
using 5 g of "Bromadiolone" and 995 9 of propylene
glycol to yield a concen-trate in propy].ene glycol
containing 5 g of "Bromadiolone" per kgO
EXAM~LE 3
To prepare a concentrate in ethylene glycol,
005 g of "Bromadiolone" was dissolved at a temperature
in the region of 90C in 999.5 g of ethylene glycol.
~fter cooling, a solution containing 0.5 g of "Bromadiolone"
per kg, was ohtained.
EXAMPL~ q
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To prepare a concentrate in polyoxyethylene
glycol 300, 10 g of "Bromadiolone" were dissolved
at a temperc~ture in -the region of 90~C in 990 g of
polyoxyethylene glycol 300. ~fter cooling, a solution
containing 10 g of "Bromadiolone" per kg was obtained.
EXAMPLE 5
A poisoned wheat bait for rodents was
prepared by mixing 20 g of the concentrate obtained in ~-~
Example 1 with 980 g of wheatO ~ .
EXAMI'LE 6
A poisoned hulled oats bait for rodents was
prepared by mixing 20 g of the concentrate ohtained in
Example 1 with 980 g of hulled oats~ ~
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EXAM
A trail poison was preplred by mixing
100 g of the concentrate obtained l.n Example 2 with
900 g of talc.
EXAMPLE 8
A solution for use as a toxic drin~ for
rodents was prepared by dilutin~ the concentraté
obtained in Exarnple 2 with tap water, dilution being
effected at a rate of 20 g of conccn-trate to ahout
98~gofwa~r to yield one litre of toxic drink.
EXAMPLE 9
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A concentrate of "Warfarin"in propylene
glycol was prepared by dissolvinglOg of "Warfarin" in
990 g of propylene glycol at a temperature of about 80C. -
After cooling, a solution containing 10 g of "Warfarin"
was obtained.
EXAMPLE 10
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A concentrate of "Difenacoum" in ethylene
glycol was preparedby dis~iolv:Lng 1.25 g of "Di~enacoum"
in 998.75 g of ethylene glycol a-t a ternperature
of about 135C. After cooling, a solution containing
1.25 g of "Difenacoum" was obtained.
EXAMPLE 11
A concentrate of "Diphacinone" in polyoxyethylene
glycol 300 ~as prepared by dissolving 2 g of "~iphacinone" `~
in 998 ~ of polyoxyethylene glycol 300 at a ternperature ~ -
around 70C. After cooling, a solution containin(J .
2 g of "Diphacinone" per kg was obtained. ,~ -
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~xAr~lJLl~ 12
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A concentrate of "Chlorodiphacinone" .in a
mixture of propylene giyco.l and a volatile c~solvent
was prepared by first dissolving 2 g of "Chlorodiphacinone"
in 158 g of acetone. After dissolution was cornplete
840 g o~ propylene ylycol were addedO A solution
containing 2 g of "Chlorodiphacinone" pe.r kg was
obtained.
~XAMPL~ 13
A concentrate of "Coumachlor" in a mixture
of cthylene glycol and a volatilecx~solvent was prepared
by first dissolving 10 g of "Coumachlor" in 158 g of
acetone. After dissolution was complete 832 g of ethylene
glycol were added. A solution contai.nin~ lO g of
"Coumachlor" ~er kg was obtained.
~XAMPL~ 14
To prepare a wheat bait poisoned with "~Jarfarin",
25 g of the concentrate obtained in Example 9 were
mixed with 975 g of wheat. :
EXAMPL~_15
A bair constituted by hulled oats, poisoned ;-
with "Difenacoum" was prepared by mixing 40 g of the .
concentrate ohtained in ~xample1(.7 with 960 g of hulled oats.
EXAMI'LE ~6
A trail poison containin~ "Chlorodiphacinone"
was prepared by mixing 125 g of the concentrate obtained
in ~xamp.7el~ with 895 g of tcllc. After drying and
euaporating off the aceton~, 1 kg of a trai]. poison
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containing 0~25 g of "Ch]orocliphacinone" per kg was obtained.
EXAMPLE 17
A dilutc so]ution for use as a toxic drink
and containing "Diphacinone" as clCtiVC ingredient
was prepared by diluting the concentra-te obtained in
Example 11 with tap water used in such quantity that the
diluted solution contained 50 g of concentrat~ per litre.
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