Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
This invention relates to roofing~ siding and the like and, more
particularly, to flexible, shingle simulating strip material for application
in horizontally extending interlocked courses.
There has long been a need in the art for an attractive, shingle
simulating strip material, which may be manufactured at relatively low cost,
which can be rolled up for shipment~ and which can be quickly and easily
applied by inexperienced labor by concealed stapling or nailing to an under-
lying substrate to provide a weatherproof covering. Although attempts have
been made over the years to provide such a material, they have all proved to
be deficient in one respect or another.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a
flat strip material which can nevertheless be applied with interlocking of
the edges of adjacently applied strips.
It is ano~her object of the invention to provide an attractive,
; shingle simulating material for application in horizontally extending courses.
It is still another object of the invention to provide a flat strip
material which can be applied by nailing and which will sel~ seal around the
nail shanks and conceal the nail heads within the interlocked edges of hori-
zontally extending courses.
It is yet another object of the invention to pro~ide a flat strip
material which can be quickly and easily applied by inexperienced labor by
nailing it to a substrate to provide a weatherproof covering of horizontally
extending courses with interlocked edges and concealed nails, ~s well as one
which is impervious to ice dam and wind damage problems.
In order to accomplish the above objects, the present invention
provides a laminated strip material adapted to be laid in horizontally extend-
ing weatherproof interlocked courses on a roof deck and secured thereto by
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concealed fastening means, said laminated strip material comprising an under-
~ lying plastic base sheet of between about 1 to 10 mils thickness and formed
from a group comprising plastic films~ plastic foams and bonded non-woven
webs of plastic fibers a self sealing asphalt mastic coating layer having a
thickness of about 0.050-0.100 inches adhered to the front face only of said
base sheet, the rear face of said base sheet forming the rear face of said
laminated strip material a mineral granule front surface layer having a thick-
- ness of about 0.030 to 0.050 inches adhered directly to said asphalt mastic
coating layer, said mineral granule layer forming the front face of said
laminated strip material said laminated strip material having on its front
: face a single longitudinally extending groove adjacent to and spaced from
; one of its longitudinally extending edges and on its rear face a singlelongitudinally extending groove adjacent to and spaced from the other of its
:.~ longitudinally extending edges said grooves extending for a width at least
about equal to the total thickness of said strip material and for a depth of
at least about one-half of the thickness of said strip material whereby said
laminated strip material is foldable along said grooves for 180 degrees
around the edge of a second adja~ent strip of said laminated strip material
without damaging said laminated strip material, for a 180 degree fold inter-
~ 20 locking of the edges of adjacent strips of said strip material to conceal
~ said fastening means~ with said fastening means extending through said first
.~ strip materia]. and into said roof deck for securing the strip to the deck,
said asphal~ mastic sealing material automatically sealing around the shanks
.~ of said fastening means and preventing the passage of moisture through holes
formed in said first laminated strip material by the fastening means.
For the purpose of more fully explaining the above, reference is
now made to the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of
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the invention, together with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a plan view of the front face of the strip material
according to the i.nvention;
Figure 2 is a diagrammatic side cross-sectional view o~ the strip
material of Figure 1, taken on line 2-2 thereof;
Figure 3 is a diagrammatic side cross-sectional view of the strip
material of Figure 1, applied in several horizontally extending interlocked
courses; and
Figure 4 is an enlarged detail view of the interlocked and nailed
edges of adjacent strips.
Referring to tha drawings, a laminated flat strip, generally desig-
nated 10, has a thin, flexible underlying plastic base sheet 12, a self seal-
ing asphalt mastic coating layer 14 adhered to the front face only of base
sheet 12 and a mineral granule front surface layer 16 adhered directly to
the asphalt mastic coating layer 14. The rear face of base sheet 12 forms
the rear face 18 of strip 10 and the front surface of mineral layer 16 forms
the front face 20 of strip 10. On its front face 20, strip 10 has a single
longitudinally extending groove 22 adjacent to and spaced from its longitu-
dinally extending edge 24 and on its rear face 18, strip 10 has a single
longitudinally extending groove 26 adjacent to and equally spaced from its
other longitudinally extending edge 28. As hereinafter more fully explained,
grooves 22 and 26 function as guide and hinge lines during application of
stripslO in horizontally interlocked courses.
To enhance its shingle simulating appearance, strip 10 may have, on
its front face 20, a plurality of transversely extending shingle simulating
appearance stripes 30, which preferably have random spacing.
In order to provide a highly flexible strip 10 ~hich can be rolled
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up for shipment and folded at its edges for 180 degree fold interlocking of
the edges of adjacently applied strips 10, it is important that base sheet
12 be highly flexible, even at temperatures as low as 20 degrees F. To
accomplish this, base sheets of no more than between about 1 to 10 mils in
thickness must be usedJ preferably in the form of a mat of 5 to 10 mils
thickness of bonded non-woven plastic fibers, such as, for example, DuPont
"Typar" ~Trademark), a non-woven polypropylene sheet material. Other types
of non-woven fibrous mat may include polyethylene and polyester fibers.
Plastic films and foams, of 1 to 10 mils thickness, may also be used, such
as polyester, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl flouride, polyethylene, and
polypropylene.
The self sealing asphalt mastic coating layer 14 is applied to base
sheet 12 in a thickness of about 0.050 to 0.100 inches by conventional coat-
ing techniques. Its preferred composition, by way of example, is as follows:
~ *Preferred
Grade A Asphalt 35-45% 40%
Ground Limestone Filler 55-6S% 60%
*Softening point 200 F., application temperature 350F.
~ The specifications of the Grade A asphalt are as follows:
; S.P., F. 170
Penetration 77 F. 40
Flash Point, F. 500
An alternative mastic asphalt composition is as follows:
Range *Preferred
#21 Asphalt 40-55% 46%
#18 Asphalt 35-50% 46%
Vistac "P" (Trademark) 5-]0% 8%
*Softening point 200F., applica~ion temperature 350 F.
The specifications of these components are as fo:Llows:
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Min. Std. Max.
1. #21 Asphalt
S.P., F. 128 130 132
Penetration 77 F. 55 60 65
Flash PointO, F. 550 - -
Sp. Gr. 60 F. 1.0383
Min. Std. Max.
2. #18 Asphalt
S.P., F. O 224 226 228
Penetration 77 F. 15 16 17
Ductility 77 F. 2.5
` Flash Point, F. 550
Sp. Gr. 60F. 1.0277
3. Interstab Vistac "P" ~Trademark) Modifier (Preferred)
Sp. Gr. 0.895
Flash Point, COC, F. 375
Viscosity, CP 3475 + 30, Brookfield 120C
An alternative Modifier for the Interstab Vistac "P" is:
Exxon Butyl Rubber 268; Specificatlons -
Sp. Gr. O 0.92Mooney Viscosity 125 C. 46 to 56
Molecular Wt. 450
The asphalt mastic sealing material is characterized by its self
sealing properties, in that it will automatically seal around the shanks of
staples or nails driven through it and so prevent the passage of moisture
through such holes in strip 10.
The mineral granule front surface layer 16 is embedded by pressure
into the hot mastic asphalt coating layer 14 using conventional techniques
and so is adhered directly to it. The granule surfacing adds .030"-.050" to
the asphalt coating film thickness. It consists of artificiallY colored rock
granules of the following sizes:
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Preferred #ll Grading.
Min. Std. Max.
*Retained on 8 mesh ~.0937" opening) 0% 0% 0%
10 " (.0787" " ) 0 1 2
14 " (,0555" " ) 30 35 40
20 " (.0331" " ) 30 37 44
28 " (.0232" " ) 15 20 25
35 " (.0197" " ) 3 6 9
Pass 35 " (.0197" " ) 0 l 2
An alternate #9 Grading is as follows:
*Retained on 4 mesh ( .187" opening) 0% 0% 0%
6 " ( .132" " ) 0 0.5
8 " (.0937" " ) 19 22 25
lO " (.0787" " ) 38 42 46
14 " (.0555" " ) 23 27 31
20 " (.0331" " ) 5 7 9
28 " (.0232" " ) 0 1 2
Pass 28 " (.0232" " ) 0 0.5
*Granule gradings are Tyler screen scale equivalent to United States
series designation.
An alternative material for granule surfacing is natural colored
slate granules of suitable size as specified above.
The granular front face 20 is preferably cold embossed to provide
the transverse appearance lines 30 better to simulate individual shingles.
The longitudinally extending grooves 22 and 26 are pressure indent~
ed by conventional techniques on the opposite faces of strip 10 adjacent to
and equally spaced from opposite ones of its longitudinally extending edges
24, 28.
A typical strip 10 of the invention may be of to~al thickness range
of about 0.10 to 0.15 inch and of about 8 inches in total width with grooves
22, 26 spaced about one inch from the edges 24, 28. Grooves 22 and 26 are
preferably of a depth of about half of the thickness of strip 10 and are at
least about equal to and preferably about double in width to the total thick-
ness of strip lO, say about 0.25 inches wide. During application, the grooves
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22, 26 function as guide and hinge lines to index the position of a reely
manipulated 180 back fold along the edges at the time of application on the
roof deck.
Referring now particularly to Figures 3 and 4, strips 10 are shown
therein as applied to a wooden roof deck 32 by concealed nails 34.
The strip 10 of the first course is unrolled with the granule front
face 20 up, and positioned flat along the lower edge of roof deck 32. The
~ lower edge of this starter course is nailed or stapled to the leading edge
; of roof deck 32. ~he upper edge 24 of strip 10 is back-folded along groove
22 on its top face 20.
The strip lO of the second course is unrolled base sheet face 18
up and laid directly on the first course strip 10. Upper edge 28 is insert-
ed into the one inch wide slot formed by the backfold on upper edge 24 of
the first course. The assembly is then nailed by nails 34 at about twelve
inch intervals, to roof deck 32 through the three thicknesses of strips 10.
' The second course of strip 10 is then folded upwards along groove
26 to conceal the heads of nails 34 and laid on roof deck 32 with the granu-
lar front surface 20 exposed. The second course of strip L0 is now ready
to receive the third strip 10 which is handled in the same manner.
This application procedure is repeated for all subsequent courses
; up the roof deck, providing a series of hori~ontally extending courses with
double 180 degree fold interlocking of their edges to conceal the heads of
nails 34 and provide a superior weatherproof roof covering.
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