Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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SAFETY-STRAPLIKE CONNECTING MEMBER
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a safety-straplike
connecting member for safety ski bindings whi'ch are
equipped with a ski brake, preferably as-a safety
mechanism during travel on chairlifts, which is
secured or hinged through one of its ends by means
of eyelets, hooks, or the like and a lock either on
the ski boot or a ski-~ixed binding part or the like
or to the ski and can be releasably fixed, in
particular can be locked by means of a releasable
locking mechanism, through'its other end either to
the ski or to a ski-fixed binding part or the'like or
to the ski boot.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A safety-straplike connecting member of the above-
mentioned type is for example described in Austrian
Patent No. 289 613. In this known construction the
connection between ski boot and safety ski binding or
ski consists of a band-shaped multiply bent member,
which is nonreleasably secured, however, is swingable
through a limited range relative to ~he safety ski
binding. The band-shaped member is arbi'trarily
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releasably secured to the ski boot. A disadvantage
of the known device consists in the use of one structural
part, which is either only arbitrarily releasably con-
nected to the ski boot or performs uncontrolled swivel-
ling movements in the loose condition (not locked on
the ski boot) and thus creates a dangerous condition
for the skier. Furthermore the band-shaped member is
a relatively large bulky structural part.
It is also known according to Austrian Patent No.
270 471 to use a catch mechanism for skis, wherein same
is in the region of the safety ski binding, and creates
a connection, through an automatic coupling during
stepping into the safety binding, with a fastening part
which is provided on the ski boot. However, it is
not possible with this construction to release the
safety mechanism from the ski boot, as long as same
is locked in the safety ski binding.
According to French OS No. 2 147 916 it is
furthermore known, to design a catch mechanism which
consists of a plastic material such that same is
arbitrarily releasably fixed to the ski boot with one
of its ends and is with its other end either secured
ski-fixed or fixed through a notch on a ski brake,
which notch releases during an overload and releases
the ski brake. The disadvantage of this device is
in the mandatory use of mountings on the ski boot,
furthermore in the catch mechanism being able to be
mounted only in the front area of the ski boot, and
- - if existing - the ski braXe also having to he arranged
in front of the front jaw. All of these solutions are,
based on experience,nonfavorable, since the skier
during a fall experiences a sudden ~erk or pull at
the most sensitive area of the foot. Therefore, such
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solutions were unable to be succ,essful on the market,
in spite of repeated attempts.
The goal of the'invention is to avoid the
mentioned and further disadvantages of known construc-
tions and to provide a safety~straplike connecting
member, which either releases automatically during
an overload, or can also be moved into a loose posi-
tion, when the ski boot is in an engaged condition in
the safety ski binding.
The set purpose is inventively attained by the
connecting member beiny constructed as an elastic
band or as a fixed, multipart member whi'ch'is pro-
vided with at least one hinge and which'can be folded
and by the locking mechanism having at least one
resilient element whi'ch can engage directly or through
a connecting piece indirectly arbitrarily with a
counterpiece which is constructed as a notch. The
locking mechanism will, at least upon the occurrence
of an overload of a predetermined magnitude, be
released automatically, preferably also by hand and
without encountering the entire closing force of the
locking mechanism.
A further advantage of an inventive construction
includes the locking mechanism being arbitrarily
released also in the case of an engaged safety ski
binding. In a different exemplary embodiment, the
safety ski binding becomes engaged when the safe~y
strap is locked on the ski.
Further details, advantages and characteristics
of the invention will be described with reference to -
the drawings, which illustrate five exemplary embodi-
ments.
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Since the structure of the safety ski binding
which is illustrated in the following exemplary embodi-
ments is known by itself and these are only used to
illustrate the arrangement of the inventive chairlift
safety mechanism, they will be described hereinafter
only as one unit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a front view of a locking part of a
locking mechanism which is associated with a safety
strap;
Figure 2 is a side-elevational view of Figure l;
Figures 3 and 4 are a side view and a top view, re-
spectively, of the locking part partially cross sectioned
in use with a counterpart on a safety ski binding;
Figures 5 to 8 illustrate a different exemplary
embodiment of a locking mechanism, wherein Figure 5
is a perspective view of the counterpiece, Figure 6
is also a perspective view of the resilient element,
Figure 7 is a side view of the assembly of a safety ski
binding with the inventive locking mechanism thereon,
and Figure 8 is a top view of Figure 7;
Figures 9 and 10 are a side and top view, re-
spectively, partially in cross section of a further
exemplary embodiment;
Figures 11 to 15 illustrate a fourth exemplary
embodiment of the inventive locking mechanism, in
which an effective closing (a locking) of the safety
ski binding is only possible when the safety strap
is connected, and in which parts of the safety ski
binding are illustrated in opened condition, wherein
Figure 11 is a side view of the safety ski binding
in the opened position without a connected safety
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strap, Figure 12 i~ a partially sectioned p~rspective
view of the structural part which receives the resilient
element, Figure 13 is a perspective view of the locking
part of the element, Figure 14 is a partially sectioned
side view of the safety ski binding with the connected
counterpart of the locking mechanism in the position
prior to closing (locking) of the safety ski binding,
and Figure 15 illustrates the safety ski binding in
the closed condition according to Figure 14; and
Figures 16 and 17 illustrate a further locking
mechanism, wherein Figure 16 i5 a side view of the
not connected position and Figure 17 is a side view
of the connected position.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The resilient element of an inventive locking
mechanism, which element is constructed as a holding
part 2, is secured to one end of a safety strap 1,
which end is arranged on a safety ski binding 4
(Figures 3 and 4). The holding part 2 consists of two
small spring-steel plates riveted together by means
of three rivets la (Figure 1) arranged in the corners
of a triangle and with the safety strap 1 sandwiched
therebetween. The rivets la further extend through
the material of the strap 1. The part of the holding
part 2, which projects heyond the safety strap 1,
is bent such that it forms, as illustrated, in the
side-elevational view of Figure 2, an angled profile
2a. Furthermore the two angled profiles, which
together form the holding part 2, are symmetrical.
The end of the angled profile 2a adjacent the safety
strap 1, is inclined to the plane 2c of the strap at
a steeper angle than the profile part remote therefrom.
The pair of the profiled parts 2a forming the holding
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part 2 at an end thereof remote from the safety strap
1 forms a squarelike profile having an open corner
defining a space 2b between' the two free ends of the
angled profiles 2a.
An elongated slot 3a, the length of which extends
perpendicular with respect to the longitudinal axis of
the ski, is provided in a release lever 3 of a con-
ventional sa~ety ski binding 4, as this is illustrated
in Figures ~ and 4, and on a side thereof whi'ch is
remote from a ski (not shown). The width of the
slot 3a is slightly larger than the width of the holding
part 2 as is illustrated in Figure 4. The dimension
of the slot 3a in direction of the longitudinal axis
of the ski is slight'ly less than the greatest dimension
of the square forming profiles 2a. The safety strap
1 is secured by means of its other end in a conventional
manner through a ski boot (not shown) to the foot of
the skier.
If a skier has entered into the safety ski binding,
he must, in order to obtain a "chairlift lock device",
that is, a securement of the sa~ety strap to the
- skier to withstand the` force,~mposed by a ski becoming
free of the skier riding on the chairlift, introduce
the holding part 2, as can be seen from the drawing
according to Figures 3 and 4, into the slot 3a pro-
vided in the release lever 3. Due to the flatter rise
of the square ~orming profiles 2a at the end of the
holding part remote from the safety strap 1 and due
to the fact that between the ends of holding part 2
there exists a space 2b, and due to the use of spring
steel for the manufacture of the holding part 2, it is
relatively simple to introduce the holding part 2 into
the slot 3a without applying a great amount of force.
The holding part 2 is thereby positioned substantially
perpendicular to the release'le~er 3. The holding part
2 is prevented from falling out of the'slot 3a by
the square forming profiles 2a. Also a substantially
greater force must be applied to effect a pullin~ of
the safety strap 1 or the' holding part 2 out of the
slot 3a of the release lever 3 than is needed for in-
serting same into the opening.
If now due to unfavorable circumstances the safety
ski binding 4 opens unintentionally, for example
during travel on a chairli~t, the ski can only fall
downwardly until the length of the safety strap 1
limits this movement. The holding part 2 is made of
such a strong spring steel sheet metal and the square
forming profiles 2a are constructed such that in the
one case, as just described, the holding part 2 is
not pulled out of the slot 3a. If the skier falls
during slow speed, approximately at a walking speed
or only at a slightly faster speed of travel, the
holding part 2 will not be pulled out of the slot 3a.
At any rate there does not as yet exist any danger
to the skier from the ski which is secured to him/her
by means of the safety strap, and it has the advantage
that the skier must not go back to get the ski which
has been stopped by the ski brake. However, if the
skier falls at a faster speed, where the ski would
be likely to create a dangerous condition for the
skier, the safety strap 1 or the holding part 2 will
be pulled out of the slot 3a, and the ski will be
stopped in a conventional manner by the ski brake.
The exemplary embodiments according to Figures
5 to 8 also disclose a safety strap 1, which is
intended as a "chairlift lock device" and which will
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be pulled free from a safety ski binding-4 upon an
overload, such as will occur durin~ falls at-fast
speeds. A holding part 12 is also riveted by means
of rivets la to the saety strap 1. The holding part
12 is a rectangular structural part ha~ing a sub-
stantially constant thickness. The holding part 12 is
elongated, and has extending in the longitudinal
direction, as can be seen from the drawing accoraing
to Figure 5, a slot 12a therein, the length of which
will be described in more detail below, and the ends
of which each have a radius. Approximately in th~
center of the slot 12a there is provided a la~erally
extending slot 12b which crosses the slot 12a and
which has a size which will be described more in
detail below.
A T-shaped or hammerlike part 14 which is il-
lustrated in Figure 6 consists of an elastic material,
preferably of rubber, ~r the like and has a stem 14a
with an oval cross section, and on which is provided
an elongated head part 14b, the shape of which cor-
responds approximately with the shape o the slot 12a,
excluding the notches defined by the laterally extend-
ing slot 12b. The width of the notches 12b in the
holding part 12 is slightly smaller than the larger
diameter of the oval stem 14a
The T-shaped part 14 is secured to the release
lever 13 of the safety ski binding 4 so that the
longitudinal axis of the stem 14a stands perpendicularly
on the release lever 13 such that the head part 14b
lies parallel with respect to the longitudinal axis
of the ski.
After the skier has entered into the bin~ing, he
moves the holaing part 12 corresponding with:its form
onto the T-shaped part 14, until it has reached the
stem 14a, and swings or turns then the holding part
12 at 90 about its longitudinal axis into the posi-
tion illustrated in Figures 7 and 8. Due to the fact
that the largest diameter of the stem 14a of the
T-shaped part 14 is larger than the recess, (width
of the slot 12a and the two notches 12b), transversely
with respect to the longitudinal direction of the
holding part 12, the holding part 12 is jammed onto
the T-shaped part 14.
If now the ski falls downwardly away from the
skier during travel on a chairlift, the ski will be
held to the skier by the safety strap 1. As in the
exemplary embodiment according to Figures 1 to 4, the
safety strap 1 does not disengage from the T-shaped
part 14 even during falls at slow speed. Only during
falls at faster speeds will the holding part 12 be
pulled off from the T-shaped part 14. The two ends of
the head part 14b are thereby pulled by the holding
part 12 in a direction away from the safety ski binding
4 approximately vertically upwardly, and form approxi-
mately an extension of ~he stem 14a. The notches
12b which are provided in the holding part 12 make it
possible fox the holding part to slide over the collapsed
head part 14b. Furthermore, the T-shaped part 14 can
be manually gripped when used as a handle for effecting
an easier manual opening of the release lever 13.
In the exemplary embodiment according to Figures
9 and 10, a release lever 23 of a safety ski binding
4 has on its underside 23b a rectangular-shaped, in
longitudinal cross section, enlargement 23c of constant
thickness. The release lever 23 has a rectangular-
shaped recess 23d on its uppersi~e 23a, which recess
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extends into the enlargement 23c, however, does not
extend completely therethrough. The enlargement 23c
is provided approximately on the longitudinal axis
of the ski and is designed s~lbstantially symmetrical
thereto. The enlargement 23c part of the release
lever 23 has an opening 23e'in the region of the
longitudinal axis of the ski which extends perpendicular-
ly with respect to the width of the slot 23d and opens
outwardly toward the tai~ of the ski.
The opening terminates at one end in thé slot 23d.
The other end of the opening 23e, which end opens
outwardly toward the tail of the ski, is provided with
a thread extending approximately over one third of
the length of the opening 23e. After this first third,
the opening 23e is stepped into a larger diameter.
Shortly before terminating in the rectangular slot
23d, the opening 23e is tapered slightly. An adjusting
screw 24 having a slotted head threadedly engages the
threaded part of the opening 23e. The adjusting screw
24 has at its end remote rom the head a platelike
part 24a~ A coil spring 25 is supported at one end
thereof on the platelike par~ 24a. The coil spring 25
engages at its other end a locking ball 26, the
diameter of which'is slight'ly larger than the diameter
of the opening 23e in the region whereat it terminates
in the rectangular slot 23d~ As a result, it is not
possible for the ball 26 to be pressed completely
into the slot 23d. With the aid of thè adjusting screw
24, it is possible to change the in~tial tension of
the coil spring 25 and, as a result~ the release value
of a locking part 27 ox of the safety strap 1 from the
release lever 23 can be changed. The selection o~ the
spring 25 determines the limits between whi'ch'the
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release force can be adjusted.
The end of the safety strap 1 which is associated
with the release'lever 23,' is gripped by the'locking
part 27. The locking part 27 is a rectangular member
having a substantially constant thi'ckness. Only on
one side, as can be seen from the drawings according
to Figures 9 and 10, does the locking part 27 have
an approx.imately semispherical-shaped locking cup
27a. If the skier has entered, as in the two preceding
exemplary embodiments according to Figures 1 to 8, into
the safety ski binding 4, he then places the end of
the safety strap 1 having the'locking part 27 thereon
into the rectangular slot 23d of the release lever 23
so that the locking ball 26 is received in the locking
cup 27a in the locking part 27. Just as in the pre-
ceding two exemplary 'embodiments, here too the ski
(.not shown) is prevented from falling downwardly to
the ground from for example a chairlift, because the
locking part 27a will not become disengaged in such
a case from the locking cup 26. Also locking ball 26
and locking part 27 ren,ain in engagement during falls
which occur at relatively slow speeds. In the case
of falls at a high'spebd, the safety strap 1 is
pulled out of its locking relation with'thb release
lever.23 and the ski Inot shown) is stopped by the
ski brake on the ski.
A closing of the heeI hold down means o a safety
ski binding, which closing is associated with a locking
thereof, is only possible'in the exemplary embodiment
according to Figures 11 to 15, if the safety strap 1
is in the locked position, as shown in the position
according to Figure 14.
The release lever 33'ha's, as can best be seen from
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the inclined cross-sectional illustration according
to Figure 12, a small slot 33c and a large'slot 33d,
The large slot 33d is provided in direction toward
the tail of the ski behind the small slot 33c. Both
the large slot 33d and also the small slot 33c are
designed substantially rectangular in shape, are
provided in the region of the longitudinal axis of
the ski, are oriented perpendicularly with respect to
same and are positioned substantially symmetrical
about the central longitudinal axis of the release
lever. Furthermore two rectangular plates-33e, 33f
are mounted on the underside 33b of the release lever
33. The plate 33e is thereby provided between the two
slots 33c, 33d and the other plate 33~ is provided
in direction toward the tail of the ski beh'ind the
large'slot 33d. The width of the plates 33e, 33 will
be described more in detail hereinbelow. A substantially
rectangular support block 33g is provided on the under-
side 33b of the release lever 33 behind the plate 33f
in direction toward the tail of the ski. The support
block 33g is approximately as wide as the two rectangu-
lar plates 33e, 33f. The support block 33g has on
its side which is remote from the ~ail of the'ski and
which lies perpendicular with'respect to the longi-
tudinal axis of the ski three blind holes 33h of a
diameter which will be described more in detail below.
A locking part 34 having an irregular shape has
a substantially rectangularly-shaped operating plate
34a of a substantially constant thickness, has ap-
proximately in the central region on each side thereofone locking plate 34b, 34c, whi'ch are supported on the
rectangular plates 33e, 33f on the release lever 33 such
that the operating plate'34a extends through the 'lar~e
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slot 33d in the release lever 33 perpendicularly with
respect to the planar surface of the' release 'lever 33
and permits the locking part 34 to undergo a limited
amount of movement in direction of the longitudinal
axis of the ski. The path whi'ch'the locking part 34
can cover is determined by the dimension of the large
slot 33d in direction of the longitudinal axis of the
ski.
The locking part 34 is biassed by three coil
springs 35 which'engage'at one end thereof an edge of
the locking plate 34c which'faces the tail of the ski.
The othPr ends of the coil springs 35 are received in
the three blind hbles 33h provided in thë support
block 33g of the release lever 33.' The diameters of
the blind holes 33~ are slight'ly larger than the
diameters of the coil springs 35.
The ~ree end of the'locking plate 34b which'is
remote from the en'd of the ski has a radius thereat.
Furthermore said locking plate 34b is approximately
twice as long as the locking plate 34c which faces
the tail of the ski. The end of the locking plate 34b
having the radius thereat, is aligned with'the
approximate longitudinal center of the small slot 33c
when the locking part is in-the position which'is
most remote from the tail of the ski. Approximately
in the area below the small slot 33c, there is provided
a binding-fixed structural part 36 having an opening
36a therein, which opening 36a permits an unrestrictea
introduction of a locking part 37 into the small slot
33c. Thereafter, the release lever 33 is swung to
the closed condition.
The locking part 37 is, as can be'recognized
from Figures 14 and 15, a rectangular member having a
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substantially constant thickness and has on its side
which'face~ the tail of the ski an enlargement 37a.
The enlargement 37a starts at the end of the locking
part 37 remote from the'safety strap 1, and rises
slowly and continuously before it drops off steeply to
the part having a substantially constank thickness.
The enlargement 37a extends approximately half of
the length of the locking part 37 which is riveted to
the safety strap 1 by means of ri~ets 38. The safety
strap 1 is riveted to the'side of the locking part 37
remote from the tail of the ski.
As can be recognized from the perspe~tive view
according to Figure 13, thb operating plate 34a of the
locking part 34 has at one'edge a sloped surface 34d.
The purpose of the sloped surface 34d will be described
more in detail hereinbelow.
In the lifted-up condition of the release lever
33, as illustrated in Figure ll, the end of the
operating plate 34a having the sloped surface 34d
thereon, rests in a correspondingly shaped groove 36b
provided at an edge of the binding-fixed structural
part 36. The sloped surface 34d assures the secure
resting of the opexating plate 34a in the groove 36b.
As can be seen according to Figure 11, it is
impossible to close the release lever 33, as long as the
locking part 37 is not in the'small slot 33cu
Due to the slow ana continuous rise'of the en-
largement 37a, it is now easy to introduce the
locking part 34 into the'small slot 33c to effect a
moving back of the locking part 34. During this move-
ment the operating plate 34a becomes disengaged from
the groove 36b associatea therewith, and it is possible
to swing the release'lever 33'in a clockwise dixection
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and to thus lock the safety ski binding. In order to
prevent a possible catching of the operating plate 34a
on the rear edge of the' binding-fixed structural part
3~, the operating plate 34a has the aforementioned
sloped surface 34d.
With respect to ski loss during cha'irlift travel
or falls, the locking securement of the locking part
37 to the release lever 3~'behaves as in the described
exemplary embodiments according to Figures 1 to 10.
For a voluntary opening, it is possible to manually
move the locking part 34 in direction of the'arrow P
against the force of the springs 35, so that little or
no force is needed.
In the exemplary embodiment which is illustrated
in Figures 16 and 17, a safety strap is not used but
instea'd a catching mechanism 41 is used. A sa~ety
ski binding 4 of common structure is secured to a ski
(not identified). A plate 4a is secured on the safety
ski binding 4, whïch'plate is provided with'an opening
4b, the axis of which'extends'perpendicularly with
respect to the longitudinal axis of the ski. A two-
part holding bar 42 is pivotally supported through a
limited range in the opening 4b. The first part 42a
is thereby designed substantially straight and is
hingedly connected to the second part 42c by means of
a hinge 42b. In the region of the plate 4a the
second part 42c is bent at almost 90 in a direction
away from the sa~ety ski binding 4 to form a section
42d. The second part ~2c also has at the'just now
described end a bent section 42e extending at a riyht
angle to the section 42d and generally parallel to the
axis of the opening 4b.
Two brackets 43 are provided in the'area of the
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bent section 42d or the bend 42e arranged thereon..The
brackets 43 are both hook-sha'ped and are supported on
one end of a holding rod 44.by means of a laterally
extending pin 45 such'that the hook-shaped parts face
one another. The other end of the' holding rod 44 has
an eyelet 44a formed thereon. The holding rod 44 has
in the region of the end whi'ch faces the' brackets 43
a shoulder ~4b. A hollow cylinder 46, the'diameter
of which is sufficiently large that it can grip over
the brackets 43, when these are in the position ac-
cording to Figure 17, grips over the just now described
structural parts. The end of the cylinder 4S remote
from the brackets 43`is closed off and has in the center
an opening 46a exten'ding therethrough. The holding
rod 44 extends through'the' opening 46a. The cylinder
46 is designed sufficiently long that it extends
in the opened position of the safety mechanism 41 in
direction of the bracket's 43 approximately to the pin
45. A coil spring 47, which'is supported with one
end on the shoulder 44b of the holding rod 44, biasses
the cylinder 46 in direction away from the safety ski
binding 4.
The holding rod ~4 is supported by means of a hinge
pin 48, which normally extends through'the eyelet 44a
and through openings in a bearing part 49 fixedly
connected to the ski boot S0. Furthermore, a lever
51 is pivotally supported through a limited range
on the hinge pin 48. The' lever 51 has in the area of
the bearing part 49 a fork-shaped part 51a, which
~0 permits it to carry out an unrestricted swinging move-
ment in spite of the existence of the holding rod 44in this region.
Due to the special construction of the' lever 51
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in the region of the fork-shaped part 51a, it is
possible for the cylinder 46 to be locked or fixedly
held in two positions. Furt~ermore, the'lever 51
has at its end whi'ch'is xemote from the fork-shaped
part 51a a depression 51b, which facilitates an
operation of the same with a ski pole.
If the skier now enters the safety ski binding
4t the two bracket5 43 slide over the bent sections
42e, which are on the second part 42c of the catch
mechanism 41 in the region of the bent section 42d.
Due to the special form of the brackets 43,' these
are spread apart and will, as soon as the safety ski
binding 4 is locked, lie în the position as is
illustrated in Figure 16. Th~ lever 51 is thereafter
in the position according to Figure 16. The highest
point of the fork-shaped part 51a, which'loads the
cylinder 46, is thereby farther away from the ski boot
50 than the holding rod 44. The lever 51 receives
thereby a torque in counterclockwise direction. Since
the lever Sl rests on the ski boot 50, it is thus
locked in this position and is also secured against
vibration. Since no connection at all exists between
the' brackets 43 and ~he two-part holding bar 42, the
catch mechanism 41 behaves during a fall just as if it
was not at all in existence.
If the skier moves the lever 51 into the position
illustrated in Figure 17, as this will be the case
prior to travelling on the chairlift, the cylinder 46
will be moved due to the camlike form of the fork- ' -
shaped part 51a agains~ the force of the coil spring
47 over the brackets 43. The brackets ~3 are closed `
and grip around th~ bent sec'tion 42e. A loss of the
ski (not identified in aetail) is now no longer
67~
possible, because the connection between the brackets
43 cannot be released in this position. The' point
on the lever 51, whïch'loads the cylinder' 46 and
engages the end of the' cylinder in the locked position
is tor~ued in the cloc~wise direction by the coil
spring in the cylinder 46 to cause the lever 51 to be
held in the locked position. If the lever 51 is
again moved into the position according to Figure 16,
then the two brackets 43'again rest releasably on the
bent section 42e of the second holding part 43c.
The invention is not limited to the illustrated
exemplary embodiments. Further modifications are con-
ceivable, without departing from the scope of the
invention. For example,' thb connection between'ski
boot and ski can be designed as a rope, whïch rope
is wound up'onto a spring-loaded drum. It is also
possible that the safety strap is locked on a different
ski-fixed structural part than the release lever.
Also the adjustment of the cylinder can be designed
differently. For example, two locking points on the
holding rod or on the' locking part would be sufficient
for this purpose. In place of the used coil spring,
it would also be possible to use cup springs or leaf
springs.
Although particular preferred embodiments of the
invention have been aisclosed in detail for il-
lustrative purposes, it will be recognize~ that varia-
tions or modifications-of the disclosed apparatus, in-
cluding the rearrangement of parts, lie within the
scope of the present invention.
