Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTI ON
The present invention reiates to subscription tele-
vision and more particularly to a method and system for obtaining
billing information regarding programs ~iewed by a subscriber
of a subscription television system.
Since the advent of subscription or pay television,
numerous techniques have been devised to bill the subscribers
for the service provided. It has been suggested that the
subscriber pay for subscription television services on a fixed
charge basis, a uniform cost per unit use basis, or on a per
program charge basis. More recent systems have adopted the
per program basis for billing~
It will be appreciated that a fixed charge or uniform
charge per unit basis of billing presents the least problems
with regard to recording and calculating billing charges.
With a fixed charge system as is used with most cable ele
vision or CATV systems, the station operator merely bills the
subscriber a ixed amount on a monthly basis.
The uniform per unit use billing involves somewhat
more complex procedures since actual viewing time must be
recorded and somehow made available to the operator for billing
purposes. Moreover, the viewing time must be registered in
conjunction with the identi~y of each subscriber so that an
individual subscriber can be billed for his viewing time~
The most complex billing system and yet the most de-
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3 ~ ~
sirable from the standpoint of the subscriber is billing on
the basis of actual programs viewed with different charges
for different programs. In such a system, the billing entity
must know both the identity of the subscriber and the identity
of the programs viewed during a billing period.
Several billing systems have been developed in order
to charge subscribers to a pay television system on the basis
of programs actually viewed. Typical of these types of systems
are the coinbo~ s~stems that are exemplified by United States
Patent 3,021,383. In such a system, the subscriber must deposit
a certain amount of money in a coinbox attached to the receiver
in order to view a particular program. Different programs
may be assigned different charges so that, for example, a
particular movie may cost less to view than a sporting event.
With such a system, payment for the program enables the viewing
of a program and payment is thus assured. However, the billing
entity (the system operator) must collect the money from the
coinboxes on a periodic basis, requiring considerable man-
power and also requiring access to the subscriber's home.
Another approach to billing on a per program basis
requires the subscriber to place a telephone call to some central
location and request the receipt of a particular program. The
calling subscriber's equipment is then enabled and charges
fox the program can be recorded and billed to the calling
subscriber. It will be appreciated that such a system may
, . . ~ ,. . .
~ ~ 63~5~
encounter difficulties in large service areas with a large
number of subscribers. In addition, the subscriber's tele-
phone must be utilized frequently for this purpose.
Other approaches to the billing prublem in pay TV
systems include the one of cards or paper tapes that are used
at the subscriber location to record viewing information.
In a particular system, a card is mailed to the subscriber and
is required for operation of the subscriber's receiver. The
card is punched or otherwise imprinted at the subscriber lo-
cation to record program charges and must be mailed or other-
wise transmit~ed to the system operator so that charges may be
assessed. Typical of these types of systems are those shown
in U.S. Patents 3,470,309, 3,475,547 and 3,531,583.
Another type of billing system may be characterized
as a real time metering or interrogating system such as that
shown in U.S. Patents 3,396,232, 3,716,654 and 3,733,430.
These ~ystems typically interrogate the receivers or otherwise
monitor the status of the receivers on a program by program
basis (e.g., through the use of special transducers) to deter-
mine if the subscriber is watching a particular program. This
information can then be used or billing purposes as well as
audience survey purposes and the like.
It can be seen that the foregoing systems suffer
from numerous deficiencies including system complexityr enor-
mous time consumption, reliance on subscriber action to receive
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3 3 ~ '~
billing information, and the like. It is accordingly an object
of the present invention to obviate the foregoing and other
deficiencies of the prior art pay television system billing
procedures through the use o~ a novel method and system for
billing on a per program basis with a minimum of complex equip
ment and a minimum of human intervention.
It is another object of the present invention to pro-
vide a novel method and system for obtaining billing information
regarding programs actually viewed by a subscriber of a pay
television system wherein program identification data is
recorded and is accessed on a periodic basis from a central
location, thus, eliminating the need for the gathering of the
information through the intervention of the system subscriber.
It is yet another object of the present invention to
provide a novel method and s~tem for obtaining billing infor-
mation regarding programs actually viewed by a pay television
system subscriber which utilizes a minimum of complex equip
ment and makes use of existing equipment at the subscriber
location including a telephone at the location.
It is a further object of the present invention to
provide a novel subscriber television system and method in
which scramble and program codes are received in the program
video signal and are used in conjunction with a telephone access
unit to unscramble the received program signal and record
program viewing under the control of a central station linked
~ J ~357
to the access unit over non-dedicated telephone lines.
It is another object of the present invention to
provide a novel subscriber television system and method in
which the subscriber has the capability to select a program
for viewing from among a number of different available programs
and selectively prevent the viewing of others of the avail-
able programs.
It is yet a further object of the present invention
to provide a novel subscriber television system and method in
which the length of the billing period can be varied to
provide flexibility in the control of programs available to
the subscri~er.
These and other objects and ad~antages of the present
invention will become apparent to one skilled in the art to
which the invention pertains from the following detailed
description when read in conjunction with the appended
drawings.
.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ~RAWINGS
Figure 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating
a subscriptio~ or pay television system in accordance ~ith the
; present invention;
Figure 2 is a signal diagram illustrating an exemplary
form of the video portion of the program signal with scramble
and program ID codes as utilized in the system of Figure l;
~ 3 ~3~
Figure 3 is a functional block diagram illustrating
the central transmitting station of Figure 1 in greater detail;
~ igure 4 is a functional block diagram illustrating
the subscriber station equipment of Figure 1 in grea~er detail;
Figure 5 is a functional block diagram illustxating
an access unit with a settable clock for providing variable
length billing periods; and
Figure 6 is a block diagram illustrating a cate-
gory selection device which can be included with the sub-
scriber station equipment.
DETAI LED DESCRIPT [ON
Referring now to Figure 1, the system according to
the present invention generally comprises central station
equipment 10 which supplies program signals in a scrambled
form to subscriber station equipment 12 at each of the
subscriber stations. As will be described hereinafter in
greater detail, the scrambled program signal includes scrambled
audio and video signals as well as various synchronizing signals
and codes. The scrambled progxam signal SPROG is supplied to
the subscribers either by conventional broadcast or cable
techniques.
The audio and video signals from a conventional source
such as television camera equipment are applied to a program
~ 9 633~7
signal scrambler 14 to produce respective scra~bled audio and
video signals SAUD and SVID. In addition, the proyram
signal scrambler 14 provides a transmitted scramble code
TSC for transmission with the scrambled program audio and
video signals. The SAUD, SVID and TSC signals from the scrambler
14.are provided to a suitable conven~ional transmitter 16
~or produc~ion of a scramhled progxam signal that includes
the code signals and for.transmission to subscriber stations.
A program ID code unit 18 synchronized with the
scrambled video signal and scramble code provides a program
code TPC for transmission with the program signals. This
program ID code T~C is combined with the scrambled program
video and the scrambled code for transmission ~o the subscriber
as is described hereinafter in greater detail. In addition,
the central station equipment 10 may include a billing data
gathering computer 20. It should however be understood that
the billing data gathering computer 20 may be located at any
convenient central location and need not be located at the
transmitting site.
The scrambled program signal SPROG from the central
station equipment 10 is received by a program signal receiver
22 at the subscriber station and the received signal is
supplied both to a program si~nal unscrambler 24 and to a
control and storage unit 26. The program signal unscrambler 24
i ~ ~33~
operates in response to control signals from the control and
storage unit 26 to unscramble the incoming program signal and
provide unscrambled audio and video signals UAUD and UVID to
a conventional modulator 28. The modulator 28 modulates
a carrier signal of an appropriate carrier frequency with the
unscrambled audio and video signals and supplies the unscrambled
program signal in the form of a modulated carrier wave to the
television antenna terminals for use by the subscriber's
television set in a conventional manner.
A subscriber control unit 30 provides subscriber
control of program ~iewing. The subscriber control unit 30
may, for example, include one or more subscriber manipulated
controls which permit the subscriber to selectively tune a -
conventional tuner in the program signal receiver 22 in order
to select a desired program as well as to provide appropriate
signals to the control and storage unit 26 indica~ing that the
subscriber has selected a program for viewing and has thus
assumed the obligation to pay that program.
The control and storage unit 26 detects code signals
in the incoming scrambled program signal for unscramoling and
billing purposes. In this respect, the transmitted scrambled
code TSC is detected by the control and storage unit 26 and
compared to a received scramble code RSC supplied to the control
and storage unit through an access unit 32 and stored in the
control and s~orage unit. The con~rol and storage unit 26
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3 3 S ~
also detects the transmitted program code TPC in the incoming
program signal and stores the program code of a particular
program being viewed. The stored program code SPC is then
supplied on command to the access unit 32. As illustrated,
the access unit 32 is connected to telephone lines which
are in turn connectable through conventional telephone switch-
ing equipment to the telephone lines leading to the billing
data ~athering computer 20.
In operation, the audio and video program signals are
supplied to the program signal scrambler 14 and are scrambled
in any suitable conventional manner. For example, these
signals may be scr~mbled in accordance with the techniques
described in United States Patent 3,~24,332 through selective
inversion of portions of the video signal. The scramble
code TSC may be inserted into the video signal in order to
permit unscrambling of the program signals at ~he subscriber
station as is set forth in patent No. 3,824,332.
In addition, each pro~ram that is transmitted in a
scrambled form may be identified by placing a program code TPC
in the video signal during the vertical retrace interval of the
signal or at any other convenient location~ In this connection,
the program code and scramble code may be combined with the
program video at the appropriate locations by synchronizing
the generation of these codes with the video synchronizing
signals in any known manner such as that shown in the referenced
. ... . . .
i 3 ~3357
patent No. 3,824,332.
The program signal transmitter 16 combines the video
and code signals and transmits this combined signal together
with the audio signal at an appropriate carrier frequency.
The resultant video portion of the program signal may thus
take the form illustrated in Figure 2. For example, as is
illustrated in Figure 2, the successive horizontal lines o~
the video signal are conventionally separated by horizontal
synchronization pulses and each frame of video signals is
separated by a vertical retrace interval or vertical synchron
ization signal. During the vertical :retrace interval, various
equalizing and synchronization pulses are provided and it is
in this interval that the scrambled and program ID codes are
preferably comblned with the transmitted program signal. These
codes are preferably ~ncoded in a digital form as illustrated
in Figure 2 although it should be understood ~hat any well
known coding technique such as the tone burst technique
described in U.S. Patent 3,824,332 may be utilized.
With continued reference to Figures 1 and 2, the
transmitted program video signal is thus in the ~orm of a
scrambled signal ~e.g., with selected frames of video infor-
mation inverted) with codes inserted at appropriate locations
to identify the program being transmitted and to indicate
to the subscriber equipment the state of the subsequent video
signal (i.e., inverted or non-inverted). The program signal
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receiver 22 selects a particular carrier ~requency through the
use of a conventional tuner and demodulates the incoming pro-
gram signal to recover the audio, video and code signals.
The recovered scrambled program signal is supplied
to the program signal unscrambler 24 and to the control and
storage unit 26 for unscrambling and detection of the codes
contained in the video portion of the program signal. The
scramble codes detected in the program signal are used to
~enerate the control signals that control the unscrambling
of the program signal by the unscrambler 24. The program code
in the incoming video signal is stored in a storage unit
that may be selectively accessed by an access unit 320 The
aGcess unit 32 may be, for example, of the type disclosed in
copending ~.S. patents 4,126,762 and 4,104,486, both by
Robert S. Block and John R. Martin.
. .
It will be appreciated that the invention provides
a relatively simple manner of subscriber billing that allows
~or the identification o~ programs actually viewed and the
rapid gathering of this information on a periodic basis long
a~ter a program has been viewed. Each subscriber station is
selectively accessed so that program ~iewing information in
association with subscriber identification information is
available at a central location for billing purposes. Moreover,
the billing gathering computer 20 has complete control over
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the subscriber station equipment 12 in the sense that it
can deny new scrambled codes to the subscriber station equipment
on a selec~ive basis if that particular subscriber has not
paid his bill or for other relevant reasons.
To facilitate an understanding of the present invention,
the central station equipment l0 and the subscriber e~uipment
12 are illustrated in greater detail in Figures 3 and 4,
respectively.
Referring to Figure 3, the central station equipment
receives the unscrambled program signal UPROG including the
audio and video portions. The audio portion is applied to
a program audio scrambler 42 and to a video sync detector 44.
The video sync detector 44 detects an appropriate synchron-
ization pulse in the video signal, e.g., the vertical sync
pulses, and supplies the sync pulse to a scramble code
generator 46 and to the program ID code unit 18. The scramble
code generator 46 supplies a video scramble control signal
VCS to the program video scrambler 42 and an audio scramble
control signal ACS to the program audio scrambler 40. The
program signal is thus scrambled to produce a scrambled audio
signal SAUD and a scrambled video signal SVID in a conventional
manner. In addition, the scramble code TSC is generated by the
scramble code generator 46 so as to identify the manner in
which the program signal has been scrambled.
As was previously mentioned, the program ID code unit
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18 receives the sync signal from the video sync detector 44
and generates the program code signal TPC~ In this connection,
a program ID code selector 48 may be provided to control the
generation of a particular program code by a program ID code
generator 50. Thus, the station operator can select a par-
ticular code for a particular program in this manner.
The scrambled audio and video signals together with
the scrambled code and program code are supplied ~o the scram-
bled program signal transmitter 16 comprising a signal combiner
52 and conventional modulators and transmitters 54. The
signal combiner 52 receives the scrambled video, scramble code
and program code signals and combines ~hese signals in a con
ventional manner to produce a signal such as that illustrated
in Figure 2. This combined signal is then applied to the modu-
lators and transmitters 54 together with the scrambled audio
signal for modulation of these signals onto a suitable carrier
wave for transmission.
It will thus be appreciated from the diagram of Figure
3 that the video sync detector 44 detects the appropriate synch-
ronization pulse in the video signal .in order,to trigger the
scramble code generator 46 and the program ID code generator
50 at appropriate times. For example, the video sync detector
44 preferably detects the vertical sync pulse during the vertical
retrace interval of the video signal. This vertical sync
pulse triggers the scramble co~e generator 46 in order to cause
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3 5 7
the program video signal to be inverted or passed unin~erted
at an appropriate time. In addition, the detected sync signal
triggers the scramble code generator and the program ID code
generator in order to synchronize the generation of the scramble
code and program codesignals TSC and TPC with the occurrence
of the vertical xetrace interval. The audio scramble control
sis~nal ACS generated by the scramble code yenerator 46 may be
any suitable control signal and need not be synchronized to
the video synchronization pulses.
The signal combiner 52 conventionally combines the
video and ~ode signals and the modulators and transmitters
54 provide appropriate modulated signals for either broadcast
or cable transmission.
Referring now to Figure 4, the program signal receiver
32 at the subscriber station may include a conventional
tuner 56 and a conventional demodulator 58~ The scrambled
program signal is supplied to the tuner 56 and to the demodu
lator 58 for recovery of the scrambled audio and scrambled
video signals. The scrambled video signal, of course, con-
tains the program and scramble codes in addition to video
information. Control of the tuner 56 and thus selection of a
particular carrier frequency may be accomplished in a con-
ventional manner by a control knob on the subscriber control
unit 30. The control unit 30 may ~herefore be referred to as
a program select and accept control since this control also
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3~7
may provide ~or the application of an accept signal ACC to the
control and storage unit 26 as an indication that the sub-
scriber has assumed the ohligation to pay for a particular
program to which the equipment is tuned.
The scrambled audio signal is supplied to a program
audio unscrambler 60 and the scrambled video signal is supplied
both to a program video unscrambler 62 and to a code detector
64 in the control and storage unit 26. The code detector 64,
when enabled by the accept signal ACC, detects the received
scramble code RSC and the received program code in the video
signal. The received scrambled code is supplied to a scramble
code comparator 66 and the received pxogram code is supplied
to a conventional signal s~orage device 6~ for storage and
later recall by the access unit 32.
The scramble code comparator 66 receives a stored
scr~ble code signal SSC from the signal storage device 68 and
generates the video and audio unscramble control signals
VCS' and AC5', respectively. These two signals are supplied
to the respective program video unscrambler 62 and the program
audio unscrambler 60 in order to reconstitute the scrambled
video and audio signals to their original form prior to
scrambling by the program signal scrambler 14 at the ce`ntral
station equipment. This unscrambling process may take the
form, for example of that illustrated and described in pre-
viously referenced U.S. Patent 3,824,332. Thus, for example,
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3 :~ ~3~5~
when the received scramble code RSC is compared to the stored
scramble code SSC and is identified as an invert signal,
the VCS' signal causes the program video unscrambler 62 to
invert the subsequent frame of video signals. Similarly,
when the received scramble code is compared with the stored
scramble code and is identified as a non-invert signal, the
~ideo signal i5 passed by the program video unscrambler 62
in an uninverted form.
The access unit 32 is connected to the t~lephone lines
as was previously described and provides access between the
billing data gathering computer 20 and the signal storage
device Ç8. The subscriber station equipment may be accessed
in any one of the various ways disclosed in the previously
referenced U.S. Patents of Block and Martin
such as through the timed placement of a call from the access
unit 32 to the computer 20 (eug., the placement of a call
on a m~nthly basis). Similarly, when the signal storage
device 68 is full and can store no moxe program codes, ~he
access unit 32 may pIace a call to the data gathering computer
20 to transfer billing information thereto.
In this connection, the computer 20 and access unit 32
may be connected over the telephone lines through conventional
telephone switching e~uipment as commanded either from the
access unit 32 or from the computer 2D. After the connection
is e~fected between the computer 20 and the access unit 32,
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various data may be transmitted over the telephone lines.
The computer 20 may, for example, initially command
the access unit 32 to transmit the stored program code signals
SPC from the signal storage device 68 to the computer 20.
This may be accomplished in any suitable manner as, for
example, ~y sending a code to the access unit 32 and gener-
ating an interrogate or read signal INT which causes the
signal storage device 68 to supply the stored program codes
SPC to the telephone lines and therefore to the computer 20.
Similaxly, the computer 20 may transmit a code to the access
unit 32 commanding it to generate a strobe or write signal
STR in order to transmit new scramble codes RSC through the
access unit to the signal stoxage device 68. During normal
operation, then, the signal storage devise may be supplied
with scramble codes for one month 15 programs and at the end
of that month new scramble codes may be supplied for the next
month's programming. At the same time, the program codes
stored in the signal storage device 68 may be accessed and
transferred to the computer 20 so that the subscriber may
be billed for actual programs viewed during the preceding
` month at various rates for various programs.
; An embodiment of an access unit which provides ~or
variable control of the billing period is illustrated in
Figure 5O The access unit 32 includes an UP-DOWN counter
70 which comprises a settable clock and provides a signal to
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6 3 3 ~i 7
indicate when the computer 20 should be called to perform a
billing operation. The DOWN or alternatively the PRESET input
terminal of the counter 70 is connected to a discriminator 72
which transmits a billing period iength signal BPL received
from the computer over the telephone lines. The discriminator
72 can also transmit other signals received over the telephone
lines to other circuitry in the access unit 32 and to the
signal storage devlce 68 (e.g., the INT and STR signals). The
billing period length signal BPL reduces the count in the
counter by a predetermined amount or alternatLvely presets the
counter to a predetermined count corresponding to the length
of the desired billing period, e.g., one month.
The UP input terminal of the counter 70 is connected
to a clock 74. It will be obvious that the frequency of the
output signal of the clock 74 will be determinative of the
amount the count in the counter 70 is reduced by the signal
BPL to obtain the desired billing period length.
An output terminal of the counter 70, e.g., the zero
count output signal, is connected with an automatic telephone
dialing unit 76. After a period of time determined by the
billing period length signal BPL, the count in the counter 70
will rPach a predetermined value such as zero and a billing time
signal BTS will be transmitted to the dialing unit 76. This
enables the dialing unit 76 and causes it to place a call to
the computer 20 to provide a connection between the computer
20 and the access unit 32.
Once the connection between the access unit 32 and
the computer 20 is made, the previously described procedures
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associated with the billing operation are performed. In
addition, a new biliing period length signal BPL is transmitted
to the access unit 32 to preset the counter 70 to a predeter-
mined value,to establish a new billing period, and remove the
billing time signal BTS. A signal lamp 77 can be connected
to the counter 70 to indicate when a billing operation is
taking place.
- An output terminal of the counter 70 can be connected
to the code detecll-or 64 to provide an inhibit signal INHIB
which prevents operation of the code detector after the termin-
ation of one billing period and prior to the beginning of
the next succeeding billing period. The inhibit signal
; may also be connected to the clock 74 to inhibit the clock
and so that the inhibit signal is maintained until the counter
is again preset by the BPL signal.
Prior to generation of the billing time signal BTS,
the inhibit signal ~NHIB is in a low state. This signal is
inverted by an inverter 78 and enables an A~D gate 80. A
second input terminal of the AND gate 80 is connected with
an output terminal of the program select and access control 30
to receive the accept signal ACC. As long as an inhibit signal
is not generated, the accept signal is transmitted to the code
detector 64 by means of the AND gate 80.
If, however~ the count in counter 70 has reached the
inhibit value and the inhibit signal INHIB is generated,
`~ ~ 633~7
the AND gate 80 will be disabled. The subscriber will not be
able to actuate the code detector 64 to receive a broadcast
program until the counter 70 is rese~ by a billing period
length signal BPL from the computer. A signal lamp 8~ can be
connected to the output terminal to indicate that the system
is in the inhibit mode.
The billing period length signal BPL can be varied
by the computer to provide a means of flexible control over
the amount of program material a subscriber will be able to
receive and view. For example, the billing period length
signal will normally set the length of the billing period to
be one month, i.e., the counter will reach the predetermined
count that generates the INHIBIT and BTS signals around 30 days
after the BPL signal presets the counter. At the end of the one~
month billing period, the computer is dialed by means of the
automatic dialing unit 76 in response to the BTS signal and the
c~mputer is fed the billing information stored in the signal storage
device 68.
The compukèr checks to determine whether the sub-
scriber 7 S bill for the previous billing period has been paid.
If it has, the COMpUter sends ouk a billing length signal which
resets the counter 70 for another one-month period and supplies
the new scramble codes for the next month's programming.
If, however, the subscriber's previous bill has not
been paid, the computer 20 will send out a billing period length
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i 1 1633~7
signal BPL which resets the counter 70 for a one-week billing
period, for example. In the example above, only the scramble
codes for the week's worth of programming will be transmitted
to the access Ullit 32.
After one week in the above example, the billing time
signal BTS will be generated and the computer 20 will be
connected to the access unit 32. The computer will again check
to determine whether the bill has been paid. If it has, a
billing period length signal will be transmitted by the computer
to reset the billing period to terminate at the end of the one-
month period of which one week has elapsed. The remainder of
the scramble codes for the month's programming will also be
supplied.
If the subscriber's bill has not yet been paid, a new
length signal (which may be zero) will be furnished by the
computer. The inhibit signal INHIB will preven~ the subscriber
from viewing any of the televised programs until the bill has
been paid, or the decoder will be given no enable codes and
therefore is inhibited from decoding. The signal lamp 82
indicates that the bill must be paid before further access to
the broadcast programs can be achieved.
The inhibit signal INHIB can be generated simultan-
eously with generation of the billing time signal BTS to
prevent access to broadcast programs during billing operations
and until the counter 70 is reset. Alternatively, the inhibit
signal can be generated a short time after the billing time
signal, e~g., one minute, to allow normal billing operations
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3 3 S 7
and reset to occur without interference with program access
when bills have been paid promptly.
As a further feature of the present invention, a
plurality of different programs which are categorized according
to content can be selectively provided to the subscriber.
One embodiment for providing such a capability is illustrated
in Figure 6.
The program access and control 30 includes a switch
84 or similar such device which allows the subscriber to
indicate that a particular broadcast program is desired by
generating the accept signal ACC. In addition, the control
unit 30 includes a category selector knob 86. The selector
knob 86 is preferably a key controlled switch which can be
locked and turned to a desired category of programming only
by means of a special key. The selector knob 86 includes
a pointed indicator 88 which can be turned to a number o~
different category positions such as A, Bl C, and X.
~ he different categories such as A, B, C and X can
represent classification of the broadcast progxams based upon
~ubject matter content of the programs. For example, the
classification breakdown can be as follows:
A: Suitable for viewing by the public in general;
B: Subject matter requiring parental guidance;
C: Restricted subject matter; and
X: X-rated material.
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~ :~ B3.'357
Alternatively, a category S can be set up for special interest
groups, such as doctors, lawyers, etc. In such a case, the
classifications could be as follows:
A: General;
B: Parental Guidance;
C~ X-rated; and
S: Special interest.
~ urthermore, the logic circuitry associated with
the selector knobis designed so that subscribers belong-
ing to one special interest group will not receive those in-
tended for a dif~erent group, i.e., lawyers will not recei~e
educational programs for doctors.
The selector knob 86 can be connected to a category
code generator 90. The code yenerator 90 is responsive to
the position of the selector knob 86 and generates a signal
containing the code or codes ldentifying the category or
categories which have been chosen as acceptable for viewing.
For example, if the selector knob is set to the "A" position,
a code word will be generated indicating that only A
category programs are to be unscrambled. If the "B" position
is selected, a code or words will be generated indicating that
A or B category programs can be unscrambled. The "C" position
will cause generation of a code word or words to indicate
that A, B or C category programs can be unscrambled, and "X"
will indicate that any of the four categories of programs are
acceptable.
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~ ~ ~3357
~ he output signal of the category code generator 90
is fed to a comparator 92. The comparator 92 also receives
a signal identifying the category in which the received pro-
gram is classified. This coded signal can form part of the
program code signal TPC. For example, if the program code
signal is a digital signal, the category code may be contained
in the first three bits of the program code signal. Alternatively,
different groups of program identification numbers can be assigned
to programs o~ different categories. For example, programs
numbered 1~200 will be "~" category programs, programs numbered
201-500 will be "B" category programs, etc. Thus, no additional
data will be required to be braodcast with the program I.D.
signal and the "A" position of the switch 86 will allow decoding
(unscrambling) of all programs numbered 200 or below, the "B"
position all programs numbered 500 or below, etc.
The category signal present in the incoming broad-
cast signal is detected by a detector 94 and fed as an input
signal to the comparator 92. The comparator compares the two
input signals and if they correspond, i.e., the category
of the broadcast signal is acceptable for viewing, an enabling
signal is produced at the output terminal. The ena~ling
signal enables an AND gate 96, which transmits the accept
signal ACC to the code detector 64.
The category selection feature permits selective
control by the subscriber of the programs which can be viewed.
Furthermore, the key lock selector knob allows parents to pre-
vent unauthorized viewing by children of programs having
sensitive subject matter.
- 26 -
.. . . . .. . ... . .. . .
`J :7 633~7
From the foregoi.ng description, it will be made
clear. that the present invention may be embodied in other spe-
cific forms without departing from the spirit or essential
characteristics thereof. The presently disclosed embodiments
are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustra~ive
and ~ot restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated
by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description,
and all changes which come within the meaning and range of
e~uivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be
embraced therein.
-27-
.. . .
