Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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The object of the present invention is a fortified
construction panel comprising a slab made of concrete, veneer,
chipboard or equivalent, and a reinforcing element made of
wood or other similar material. These fortified panels are
suited for use in constructions as walls, roofs or floors.
Another object of the present invention is a method
; for the fabrication of the said fortified panel. In the
prior art are known panels where battens are attached to the
; concrete by means of nails, spikes or hooks placed at the
edges of the battens, so that the spikes are first hit into
the wood and then plunged into the recently cast concrete.
This method of manufacturing the plates has the following
drawbacks:
- Because of the spikes the edge of the timber has
to be made unnecessarily wide, and consequently
the advantageous timber dimensions cannot be
employed.
- The edge of the timber tends to crack due to the
great amount of spikes.
- The timber has to be in touch with the concrete,
wherefore the wood in most cases has to be
impregnated with wood preservative because of the
dampness emanating from the concrete.
- The gripping power of the spikes is so small that
the timber and the concrete cannot be used as a co-
functioning element or the level of co-functioning
is relatively low.
The purpose of the present invention is, among
others, to eliminate the above-described drawbacks. In
order to realize this, the fortified panel according to the
invention is characterized by a slab of castable material
and reinforcing members made of wood or other similar
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material. The number of the reinforcing members for each
slab can be one or several', and the members are coupled
together by means of truss plates.
In a more specific embodiment of the present
invention', the reinforcing members are spaced from the slab',
; and the truss plates bridge the gap between the slab and
the reinforcing members.
The fortified panel according to the invention
brings about the following advantages~
- There can exist a relatively large opening between
the wooden reinforcing member and the slab', in which case
the timber dimensions can be reduced both in width and in
height without weakening the solidity', because the timber
; located on the concrete side has no effective function.
Moreover, a relatively large opening offers a possibility
for locating conductive or piping systems (here termed
building linaye) and improves the airing of the construc-
tion element in question.
- The timber can be replaced by a grate-like
element', in which case', particularly in relation to long
spans', an advantageous performance can be achieved. The
' grate can~be manufactured so that the slab functions as
the boom', or so that the batten is replaced by the grate.
In the following', the invention and its '
advantages are explained in detail with reference to the
appended drawings.
Figure 1 is a front elevation view of one
preferred embodiment of the invention.
Figure 2 is a side elevation view of the plate
construction of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an illustration of another
embodiment
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of the invention, where a grate-like
construction is employed as the
fortifying element.
According to Figures 1 and 2', the panel of
the invention comprises the slab 2 and the fortifying elements
1. The slab 2 is manufactured of concrete or other castable
material and fortified in the generally known manner by
' using steel net and/or steel plate. The reinforcing member 1
is a batten of wood (wood beam)', but it can also be made
of other similar material which is generally a good heat
insulator and force transmitter. At the sides of the
batten or beam functioning as the reinforcing member, there
are attached truss or spike plates 3 by employing the generally
known method', so that the spike-like members in the plate 3
are pressed into the wood. The truss or spike plates 3 are
placed either in pairs at 'hoth sides of the batten', or in
interlacing positions as illustrated in Figure 2. Combinations
of the above-described manners can naturally be used as well.
During the casting of the slab 2, the truss
'~ 20 plates 3 are placed within the concrete, so that they are
fixed in their place while the concrete is hardened. The
truss plates 3 are-located so that an opening 4 is formed
between the slab 2 and the fortifying element 1. The truss
plate 3 can well be a conventional truss plate`, but in an
important special application of the invention', there is
formed the opening 4 between the timber and the concrete:
the spikes are not punched out of the truss~plate 3 around
the periphery of the opening'/ and moreover', the truss plate
can be profiled at this point in order to prevent it from
accidental bending.
Figure 3 illustrates a fortified panel where
the reinforcing member is a grate-like construction. The slab
5 is also in this application made of concrete or e~uivalent.
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Within the concrete are located the truss plates 6. The
truss plates 6 are then pressed against the braces 7 made of
wood or other similar material. There is an opening 8
; between the braces 7 and the slab 5. At their otner end,
the braces 7 are attached to a batten 10 by means of addi-
tional truss plates 9. Thus, the fortified panel, according
to the invention, forms a combined construction where the
; slab 5 itself functions as the boom.
The grate support can also be used as the rein-
forcing member, so that the batten functioning as the
reinforcing m~nber in Figures 1 and 2 is replaced by the
grate support as such.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention,
where the slab is made out of veneer or chipboard, the truss
plates can also be designed so that on their slab-gripping
edge are punched nail-like protuberances. In this case, the
attaching of the truss plates to the slab can be carried out
by pressing the said nails into the slab in the breadthwise
(or lengthwise) direction of the panel.
When the slab is made out of concrete or equivalent,
the plate, according to the invention, is typically manu-
factured so that the concrete is cast in a mould which is
fortified by a steel net, or the mould is made of a steel
plate, which remains attached to the slab; simultaneously,
during the casting, into the concrete are plunged the battens
with the truss plates attached to them. The fabrication can
also take place in a different manner, for example, so that
the concrete is cast on the battens.
The opening to be left between the reinforcing
element and the slab also allows for a method of fabrication
where the truss plates are first cast within the concrete.
~ow they can be bent outwards beforehand so that the
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fortifying element fits between the spikes. While being
pressed into the fortifying element, the truss plates are
also straightened.
The fortified construction plate, according to the
invention, is generally used as a construction element so
that the space between the wooden members is heat-insulated,
and the elements are coupled together in conventional
,
fashion.
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