Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
3~ JBP 182
--1--
TALC COMPOS ITIONS
Background of the Invention
The present invention relates to talc compositions. More
particularly, the present invention relates to talc powder
compositions with improved skin moisture loss retardant
characteristics and reduced airborne respirable
particles.
High grade talcs have for many years been used in the form
of powder for application to the skin. The talc in its
finely divided powdered form is well suited for this
purpose. Finely divided talc has thus found wide
application in ~he cosmetic industry and as a powder for
treating tender skins, such as those of inants and
children, to prevent chafing or other irritation as would
occur from diapers or wet clothing.
Although many satisfactory talc compositions are available
through commercial channels, numerous attempts to develop
improved compositions have been ongoing. See, for
example, ~nited States Patents Nos. 3,102,855; 3,133,866;
3,684,197; 3,80i,709; and 4,185,086.
It has always been thought desirable in any composition to
be applied to the skin that some barrier effect be sought
to retard moisture vapor loss through the skin~ Numerous
compositions and additives have been suggested in the
literature for this purpose and have met wi~h varying
degrees oE success.
In recent years, there has also been some discussion and
concern voiced with respect to products which are capable
of yielding airborne respirable particles during their
use. Although little definitive data has been yenerated
as to the ef~ect, if any, of airborne respirable particles
~ o
3if~
in talc compositions, a reduction of such particles would
still be a desirable characteristic. The talc composi-
tions of the present invention have achieved both of these
desirable characteristics without resulting in other
undesirable characteristics.
A commercially available powder produc~ lists as its
ingredients talc, magnesium carbonate, petrolatum, kaolin,
fragrance, calcium silicate, and methicone, but does not
exhibit either of the desirable properties discussed
above.
Summary of the Invention
It is an object of this invention to provide improved talc
compositions.
It is another object of this invention to provide talc
compositions with improved skin moisture loss retardant
characteristics.
It is a further object of this invention to provide talc
compositions with reduced airborne respirable particles.
Other objects of this invention will be set forth in, or
be apparent from, the following detailed description of
the invention.
The foregoing objects and other eatures and advantages of
the present invention are achieved by a composition
comprising a major amount of talc and a minor amount of
petrolatum, as well as a suitable amount of a desired
perfume.
3~ `
--3--
Detailed Description of the Invention
The present invention relates to talc compositions
consisting of talc, from about 0.25 to 10.00~ petrolatum
and from about 0.01 to 1.00% perfume.
The talc which is useful in the present invention is a
cosmetic grade of talc which conforms to the Cosmetic
Toiletry and Fragrance Association, Inc. specifications.
Such talc is essentially a white, odorless, fine powder
ground from a naturally occurring rock ore and it
typically consists of about 90% hydrous magnesium silicate
having a structural formula of Mg6(sigo2o)-(oH)~
with the remainder consisting of naturally associated
minerals such as calcite, chlorite, dolomite, kaolin, and
magnesite and containing no asbestos minerals. The talc
is utilized in an amount of from about 89.00 to 99.74% by
weight of the total composition.
The petrolatum which is useful in the present invention is
a USP grade of petrolatum which conforms to CTFA specifi-
cationsO Such petrolatum, otherwise known as mineral fat,
white petrolatum, petroleum jelly or mineral jelly, is a
colorless or amber colored translucent semi-solid
amorphous mass whose consistency varies with temperatureO
The material has a specific gravity ranging from
0.815-0.880 at 60C.
The pe~rolatum is utilized in from about 0.2S to 10.00% by
weight of the total composition, preferably from about
0.25 to 5.00~ by weight of the total composition and most
preferred from about 0.25 to 2.00~ by weight of the total
composition. If less than about 0.25% by weight of the
total composition of petrolatum is utilized, the positive
3S effects of such use will not be realized primarily because
of the commercial impracticality of uniformly æistribu~ing
3Ç~
--4--
such smal1 amounts of petrolatum throughout the talc
substrate. If greater than about 10~ petrolatum by weight
of the total composition is utilized, processing
difficulties may occur. When between about 5 to 10%
petrolatu~ by weight of the total composition is utilized,
some dispersing problems may occur under normal sifting
conditions and alternative means such as puffs, stick
application or other dispensing means may have to be
utilized. The above ranges are not appropriate based on
the use of a cosmetic grade of talc ground to a 200 mesh
dimension according to the United States Standard Sieve
Series. Talcs ground finer than 200 mesh, e.g , 325 mesh
or 400 mesh, may require a higher lower level of
petrolatum whereas talcs ground courser, e.gO, 100 mesh or
80 mesh, may require a lower upper level of petrolatum.
The perfumes which are useful in the present invention are
any commercial perfumes which result in the fragrance
desired by the formulator of the talc compositions.
Commercial perfumes are mixtures of many components and
these components all contribute to the particular
fragrance which is characteristic of the mixture. For
obtaining the desired fragrance, the ratio of components
might be changed, some components may be added and some
omitted. -
Examples of typical perfume components which can beformulated to make up a particular pleasant aroma when
used in a body powder product include. lemon oil, musk
ketone, ionone, diphenyl oxide, cedarwood-terpeneless,
geranyl acetate; ylang ylarlg oil; cedryl acetate,
isoeugenol; cinnamic alcohol, aurantheol, methyl
anthranilate; vanillin, oil bergamot, eugenol, oil of
cananga; citral; tetrahydro linalool; oil patchouly,
methyl isoeugenol; hexylcinnamic aldehyde; resil
oil-banum, resin balsam fir; musk a~rbrette, resin balsam
9~
--5--
Peru; oil sandalwood, geraniol; terpenyl acetate, benzyl
isoeugenol, oil copaiba; oil nutmeg, rhodinol; diphenyl
methane; hydroxycitronellal; methyl benzoa~e; benzyl
. propionate; oil palmarose; oil orange, oil geranium;
methyl gamma ionone; oil of lavender.
The perfume is utilized in an amount of from about 0.01 to
1.0% by weight of the total composition, preferably from
about 0.1 to 0~3% by weight of the total composition. If
greater than about 1.0~ by weight of perfume is utilized,
the fragrance will usually be too strong initially and may
deteriorate quickly; and if less than Q.01% by weight of
perfume is utilized, the fragrance will not be discernible
to the user of the product.
The compositions of the present invention can be prepared
by well~known mixing or blending procedures. For example,
a portion of the talc is mixed and thoroughly blended with
the total amount of petrolatum to form a premix and the
perfume is then mixed therein. The balance of talc is
thereafter added to form the desired composition. The
resulting talc compositions exhibit skin mois~ure loss
retardant characteristics and reduced a.irborne respirable
particle characteristics.
Specific embodiments of the talc compositions prepared in
accord~nce with the present invention are illustrated by
the following representative examples. It will be
understood, however, that the invention is not confined to
the specific limitations set forth in the individual
examples, but rather to the scope of the appended claims.
Example I
A talc composition is prepared as follows: a premix is
prepared by adding slowly 10 parts by weight of molten
3~
petrolatum to 90 parts of talc while mixing at high speed
in a Waring blender~ The mixing is continued for a period
of two minutes after the addition i5 finished to insure
completeness. 8.8 parts by weight of fragrance are then
added to the premix ~ith stirring. Talc is then added in
an amount to bring the total weight to 4000 parts and the
resulting mixture is blended for a period of five minutes
in a V-blender equipped with a hi~h speed intensifier bar
to form the desired product.
10
The resulting talc composition has the following
formulation:
~ w/w
Talc 99.53
Petrolatum 0.25
Fragrance 0.22
100 . 00
Example II
In order to demonstrate that talc compositions prepared in
accordance with the present invention exhibit improved
skin moisture loss retardant characteristics, the
following experiment is performed~
A talc composition is prepared in accordance with the
procedure of r xample I and is designated Composition A.
Four addititional talc compositionsl i e., Compositions B,
C, D, and E, are prepared by the same procedure except
containing 0.50~, 1.00%, 2.00% and 5~00% petrolatum
respectively, and a sixth talc composition, i.e.,
Composition F, is prepared by the same procedure except
that no petrolatum is utilized.
;~
3~
These talc compositions are then tested in accordance with
the following procedure. Neonatal rat stratum corneum is
mounted on a standard commercially available diffusion
cell for membrane diffusion test purposes. The skin is
exposed to a standard soap solution and washed under
circumstances simulating ac~ual bathing conditions for
infants. One half gram of distilled water is administered
to the cell under the skin layer and 1/2 gram of a test
composition is rubbed on the top surface of the skin. The
excess, not adhered, is tapped off. Initial weights are
recorded and the weights are rerun at 24, 48, and 72 hours
during which the average loss of water in milligrams per
square centimeter of skin per hour are calculated. The~
entire test sytem is confined under 0% relative humidity.
The procedure determines the rate of loss of moisture
vapor up through and out the skin top surface.
The results of the test are shown in Table I below.
Table I
Average % reduction
of moisture Rate Loss
Composition % Petrolatumthrough skin
A 0.25 24
B 0~50 20
C 1.00 17
D 2.00 24
E 5.00 34
F 0
These results clearly demonstrate that the compositions of
the present invention containing petrolatum significantly
reduce the moisture rate loss through the skin.
-8-
Exam~e III
In order to demonstrate that talc compositions prepared in
accordance with the present invention exhibit improved
red~ced "airborne respirable particle" characteristics,
the following experiment is carried out. A 9 oz.
sprinkle-top container of powder having either 1/16~
diameter sprinkle holes or 1/8" diameter sprinkle holes
approximately 1/2 full is placed in a mechanical clamping
device and shaken vertically at a fixed rate to deliver
about 1.5 grams of powder. The shaker is located within a
closed test chamber 50 cm. X 45 cm X 56 cm. high so that
any airborne dust is contained within the chamber and is
rapidly dispersed and uniformized by means of a small
circulating fan. The airborne dust is sampled near the
center of said chamber with a 10 mm. nylon cyclone located
25 cm. from and 4 cm. below the shaker and operating at a
flow rate of 1.71/min. The cyclone separates out the
`respirable-sized particles and delivers them to a Thermo
Systems, Inc. Model No. 3210A quartz crystal mass mQnitor
for weighing and determination of the average concentra-
tion of airbcrne respirable particles, as mg/M3. The
average airborne respirable particle concentration for the
first two minutes after shaking is measured and recorded.
When talc compositions A, B, C, D, E, and F, as prepared
in Example II, are compounded on the same day and aged for
five days and are subjected to the above test, the
following results are obtained and set forth in the Table
II below.
JBP 182
D;~ 3~
_g_
Table II
Airborne respirable
concentration in
mg/M3 per gram of
Composition ~ Petrolatum composition shaken__
1/16" hole 1/8~ hole
A 0.25 0.72 0.21
B 0.50 0.31 0~09
~ 1.00 O.Og 0.08
D 2.00 0.12 0.09
E 5.00 0.05 0.05
E` 0 3.23 1.56
These results clearly demonstrate that the compositions of
lS the present invention significantly reduce the airborne
respirable particles.
Various other features and embodiments of the present
invention not specifically enumerated will be obvious to
those skilled in the art, all of which may be achieved
without departing from the spirit and the scope of the
invention as defined by the following claims.
JBP 1~2
