Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
2~
This invention relates to a hollow stop end pipe for
use in slurry tr~nch construction of a reinforced concrete wall
and also to a slurry trench method of constructing an underground
concrete wall.
This is a division of copending Canadian Patent
Application Serial Number 478,193 filed on April 2, 1985.
The construction of reinforced concrete walls using the
slurry trench technique as basically disclosed in Veder U.SO
Patents 2,791,886 and 3~310,952 are well known in the art and
basically comprise the formation of the slots or trench sections
in the earth in panel form in the presence of a slurry, typically
a bentonite slurry which is displaced by concrete to form
concrete walls. In the case of steel reinforced walls, a slot is
excavated in the earth in the presence of the bentonite slurry, a
stop end pipe is inserted in one end of the slot and a steel
reinforcing cage is then lowered into the slot. Concrete is then
inserted into the slot or trench to displace the bentonite
slurry, such concreting typically being done by the tremie pipe
technique. After the concrete has hardened~ the stop end pipe is
removed to form the beginning space for the next succeeding panel
section.
There have been may efEorts in the past to create a
contlnuou~ relnforc~nt ln such ~lurry wnll~ but a ~lmpl~
~olutlon to th~ problem has eluded th~ ~rt or m~ny y~r~. In
F~hl~ann Qt ~1 U.S. P~t~nt 3.197,~6, a steel ~he~thlna ~uch wlre
n~tt~ng~ p~r~or~t~d ~he~t metal or the llke, per~lt~ th~
reinforclng rod~ to po~ throu~h ths ~he~ ~t ~pproxl~t~ the
end~ of th~ ~lok ~o a~ to ~orm ~ cnvlty whlch 18 111ed ~lth th~
b~ntonit~ for th~ purpo~ of provldlng ~ ~t~rtlng pl~ce for the
next ~ucc~odlng ~xc~v~tln~ ~nd the formatlon of the ~olnt. In
Schoewert U.~3. Patent 3,~64,665, a ~teel plate 18 connected to
thQ t2mplato pl~te ln a d~tnch~ble m~nner ~nd 1~ t lsl to
brldqe the gap. In K~w~k~ et ~1 U.S. P~t~nt~ ~,938,~2 and
3.990,200, protrudlnq r~ln~orcement~ ~nd 99~11n~ nA for
posltlonlng th~ protrudln~ r~lnforc~ent~ ~re provld~d ~nd
lnfl~ttablo elo~nts ~r~ utilized to ~hleld th~ protrudlng
rQln~orce~ent~, d~ or bloc~ th~ concr~te ~nd for~ th~ open BphC~
for the n~xt succeedin~ ~xc~v~tlon ~nd coupliny between two
unlt~. In Irwin-Chlld~ U.S. P~tent 3,79B,914, cruclfor~ ah~ped
coupling *l~nt~ ~re utlll~ed to ~orm the coupllng between
~d~oc~nt p~n~l el~nt~. In Novet U.S. P~tent~ 3,Sl~,57~ ~n
lntermediate r~lnforcln~ c~ 19 utill~ed. In 80ma C~5~B, ~uch
e~ ~n Tn~ro U.S. P~t0nt ~,005,582, fl~n~ on connect~d on
H-b~m palr~ provld~ th4 coupllng ~etween th~ ~teol
relnforce~ent~. In ~o~e c~e~, the ~nd~ of the element~ nnd
thelr aa~oclotod reln~or~ing c~ge~ ~re ~haped to provlde overl~p
b~tween ~ucc~alv~ p~nel ~l~menta. Fin~lly, ln Plcc~gl~ U.S.
P~t~nt 3,796,054~ fle~lbl~ membrene~ ~re c~rrl~d in the atop end
ipes which remain in place when the stop end has been removed so
as to provide a barrier to the flow of fluids.
According to the present invention, there is provided a
hollow stop end pipe for use in the slurry trench construction of
a reinforced concrete wall. The improvement according to the
invention resides in means forming at leas~ one expandible joint
reinforcing cage carrier channel in the walI of the stop end pipe
facing the portion of a slurry trench to be concretedA At least
one channel is adapted to sealingly carry an in situ expandible
reinforcing cage and maintain the expandible reinforcing cage in
a predetermined position until the concrete in the wall has set.
Another aspect of the invention resides in a slurry
trench method of constructing an underground concrete wall in ~
plurality of panel sections with continuous steel reinforcement,
wherein the end stop molding pipe has at least one concrete
forming surface extending to the full length thereof. The method
involves providing at least one groove in ~he concrete forming
surface of the molding pipe with an expandible steel reinforcing
cage in the groove, the expandible steel reinforcing cage having
a concrete anchor means projecting therefrom beyond the concrete
forming surface and into the body of concrete cast there against.
The method further includes the steps of removing the molding
pipe from a first panel section9 excavating the adjacent panel
section, expanding the expandible steel reinforcing cage into the
adjacent panel section, and filling the adjacent panel section
with concre~e.
The present invention provides a simple solution to a
problem that has eluded the art for many years. According to the
invention the excavation initially begins as described in the
aforementioned Veder Patent 3,310,952. In this case7 an expan-
dible joint reinforcement cage is placed in the channel of the
end pipe. One of the channels of the joint reinforcing cage
facing the side in which concrete is to be poured is provided
with the concrete anchors which extend into the excavated pace.
The two channels are in a "closed" position and may have
styrofoam or other means to prevent concrete from entering in
between them during the pour and may be fastened together at the
top. The concrete anchor reinforcing bars which extend from the
channel into the space to be poured assure that this assembly
~ 3 -
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;ill be firmly embedded into -the newly poured concrete panel.
When the rectangular stop end piece has been pulled out at the
end of the pour, any frictional effects during the pulling out of
the panel will tend to keep the channel assembly "closed". The
adjacent panel section or slot is then excavated, a reinforcement
cage is then placed inside this newly excavated panel section.
At this point, the expandible reinforcing cage is expanded by
disconnecting the channels at the top, the one sticking up is
tapped vertically which will result in its swinging out until the
linkage reinforcing bars are in a horizontal position. These
constitute the continuity of the reinforcement and the second
panel section is then poured or filled with concrete.
The invention has the advantage that it is simple,
relatively inexpensive, very workable and easy to install, since
normally continuity of the reinforcement is located in the upper
portion of the panels and does not normally extend to the full
depth. Moreover, since the joint reinforcement cage is expan-
dable, it is normally maintained in an out-of-the way and
protected position during the excavation of the adjoining panel
section and thereby avoids interference with the extensive
horizontal protrusions in the joint reinforcing sections as is
performed in the prior art such as in the above-mentioned
Kawasaki et al patents and Fehlmann et al patents.
-- 4
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION 3F THE DRAWINGS
The above and other objects r advantages and features of
the invention will become more apparent when considered with the
following specification and accompanying drawings wherein:
Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the expandable
joint reinforcing cage forming part of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is a top view thereof,
.
. : s, ~ ~
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Flg. 3 1~ a p~rtl~l 31de isometrlc vlew ahowlnq the unlt
as lt 1~ b~in~ lnatalled into the ~top end tube,
Fi~. 4 1B An lBometrlc vlew ahowln~ the ~xp~nded unlt,
Fiq. 5 1A ~ top pl~n view showln~ th~ ln~erted poAltlon
of a p~lr of the ~sembly ~hown ln Flg. 1-4 ln the end ~top pip~
of ~ p~nel ~ctlon belng ~ormed prlor to concretin~ thereof,
Flg. 6 1~ Q top pl~n ~lew Mft~r thQ concretlng of the
~lr~t p~n~l ~ctlon wlth the exc~v~tlon in the ~econd p~n~l
~ectlon bolng ln pro~re~,
Fig. 7 18 ~ Sop pl~n vlew ehowinq the expand~d ~ec~lons
of th~ ~oint r~lnforclnq a~e ~nd the Juxt~po~ltlon o~ the
r~inforcln~ cag~ ln the ~econd panel~ ~ectlon r~ady to be
concrot~d,
Fig. B t3 ~ ~ido elev~tlonol vlew of Flg. 6 ~howlng tho
r4~d cle~ranco ~or the exc~v~ting tool in th~ pr~ctlce of th~
~nventlon,
Fig. 9 1~ a sida l~o~etrlc vlew of ~ ~odiflcatlon of the
expand~ble ~olnt relnforc~n~ cage,
Flg. lO 18 8 ~id~ i~ometrlc v1ew of a ~urther
Modiflcatlon of the ~olnt reinforcement cage,
Flg~ .modlflcatlon of the end ~top plp~,
F1~. 12 lllu~tr~tea ~ urther modlflcation ~nd,
F1~ urther embodlment wh~n th~ ch~nn~l~ ~n the
r~ctAn9ulLr ~top end plpe ~re on the ext~rlor thereo~
Rof~rrlng to F1~. 5, 6, 7 ~n~ 8, ~ r0inforce~ concret~
w~ll i8 lllu~r~tod ln th~ proce~ of b~ing for~dg ~nd the total
-- 6 -- :
:
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~ 2~
l~ngth o~ the r~inforced concrete w~ll lt~lf ~y comprl~e m~ny
(N) lndivldu~l panel element~. Inltl311y the tren~h or 310t
~ectlon 10 1~ ~xc~v~ted by ~ cl~m ~hell ~not shown) to ~ de~lr~d
d~pth ln th~ pre~ence of a ~lurry which typlc~lly i~ bentonite.
A rectangul~r ond ~top plpe 11 h~ been ln~rt~d in on~ ~nd of
trsnch ~ctlon 10. A conventlonsl relnforclng ca~e 12 whlch
con~i~to of horl~ont~l rods 13 ~nd 14 ~d~c~nt ~ch ~ld~ of the
w~ll for ~uxlmu~ ~trength purpo~e~ ~nd vertlc~l ~p~cer b~rs 16
~nd 17 assocl~ted wlth ~ch horizont~l run, and ~pac~r bara 19
~xtendlng b~tween tho two ~ide reinforcinq ~Aembll~.
R~ct~ngular ~nd ~top plpe 11 h~ ~ palr o ch~nn~l~ 22,
23 which ~ærv~ ~ carri~r~ for expandable ~oint reinforcln~ c~
24 and 2S, r~opcctlv~lyO Expandable ~olnt reinforcln~ caqes 24
~nd 25 h~v~ as~ocl~tad ther~wlth lnte~r~l concr~t~ ~nchor~ 26 and
27, re~pectlv~ly, whlch pro~ect into the pr~vio~ ~xc~vatlon ~n~
batw~en th~ ends 28 ~nd 29 of the reinforcln~ ~saembli~s 13 ~nd
14. In the condltlon ~hown in Fig. 5, the trench p~nel ~ectlon
10 i~ full of bentonlt~ u~ed in ~lntalnlng ~nd ~u~t~lnln~ the
~xcav~t.lon walls o~ ths 810t or tr~nch p~nel ~ectlon~ and p~mlt~
tho r~inorcing c~e and the end plp~ to b* ~lly ln~ert~d and
~cur~t~ly po~ltlonedO A~ shown ln Fl~. 6~ ~oncrete hæ~ been
ln~rt~d into the trenchJ preferrably by the tr~Rle method ln
whlch 8 plp~ 18 ln~rted into the exc~v~tlon ~nd concrQt~ 1~
forced through th~ plpe ~o a~ to ~111 th~ trench ~rom the bottom
up ~lth th~ ~nd of th~ pipe bein~ m~lnt~lned ln tha rl~ln~ bed of
concr~ta~ v~rlou~ ~lbr~tion me~n~ ~nd the llke bein~ utlllz~d, 1
- 7 -
~2~
d~lred, ~ 13 conventlon~l.
Aftar th~ concrete has R~t, tha re~t~ngul~r end 0top plpe
11 1~ pull~d from th~ trench And slnce the concrete anchor~ ~6
~nd 27 of th~ ~xp~nd~ble Jolnt relnforclng cag~A 24 and ~5 ~re
~nchored lnto the poured ~oncrete, th~ as~e~blleA re~ln ln place
~g tho rect~ngul~r end stop pipe 11 1~ wlthdr~wn and pulled ~ro~
the trench. Thl~ ve~ ~ sp~ce ~O whlch form~ the end portlon
of th~ n~xt 810t or p~nel trench exc~v~tion. MoreoYer, ~8 Wi 11
be expl~lned moro ully here~fter. the exp~ndable ~olnt
relnforcln~ c~ges 24 ~nd ~5 ~re m~int~lned in the unexprlnded or
coll~p~e~ condltlon 80 8~ to provlde protectlon ~or theae
a~3~mblle~ ~nd, ~t the B~e tlme, provldQ more worklng roo~ for
th~ ~xc~v~lng ~qulpm~nt a~ ~hown ln ~1~. 8. At thl~ polnt, lt
~hould b~ rec~lled thot ln tho prlor ~rt, the ~xt~nded end~ of
th~ horlzont~l run~ o~ the relnforcing b~r~ pro~ct~d lnto ~uch
~p~c~ and could ln pr~ct~ce be bent by the exc~v~tlng cl~ shell~
~nd th~ llko or other oxc~Y~tlng equlpment aB lt wa~ dropped lnto
~nd pulled out of during th~ exc~v~tlon of the naxt p~n~l
sectlon, p~nel aectlon lO-l ln Figs. 5-8.
Aft~r th~ ~xc~v~tlon of th~ ~lot or tr~nch for p~n~l
s~ctlon lO-l, a ~urthor r~inforclng c~ge constructed ~ r to
the relnforc~ng cuge th~t w~ ln~erted lnto p~nel ~lot lO ls
ln~rtnd into p~n~l ~lot lO-l Rnd lt h~s ~nd~ 3S, 36 whlch
proJect lnto th~ ~pac0 30 formerly occupled by the rect~ngul~r
end 3top 11. Tho exp~nd~ble reinforclng cagQ~ 2~ ~nd 2S ~re
expanded n~ that th~ relnforcln~ b~r~ 37 ~nd 38 for~lng purt o
8 --
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~2~2~
th~ reinforclng c~e 24, 2S overl~p~ the end~ 35, 36 o~
relnforclng c~g~ 39 ln pnnel ~actlon 10-1. At this tlm~, the
rect~n~ul~r ~top p~pe 11 h~ been lnAert~d ln the opposlte end
~in this C~80 the rlght end~ o panel 810t or trench 10-1 ~nd
carrle~ ~ furthar p~lr of ~xpand~ble reln~orclng c~ge3 2~-2. 25-2
c~rrl~d ln slota 22 ond ~3, r~pectlv~lyD o~ end stop plp~ 11 ao
th~t th~ proc~ c~n b0 repeAted. Th~ Jolnt reln40rclng c~ge~
ob~iou~ly c~n be ln~erted ~fter th~ end ~top plpo 11 h~ been
ln~2rt~d but ln ln~t~nc~ where the ~olnt relnforclng cage doe~
not ~xt~nd to th~ bcttom of the p~nel ~ctlon, pr~p~ration of the
botto~ portlon of the c~ges 24, 25 to ~vold concret~ l~pedlng the
lAter ~xps~lon thereo~ c~n be ef~ect~d abov~ ~round. I~owever,
thl~ is not ~ s~rlou~ con~lder~tlon alnc~ th0 lowe~t horizont~l
b~ro c~n b~ sllmln~ted, 1 desired. Concret~ 1~ th~n poured ln
~h~ tr~nch ln tho m~nnQr lndl~ted ~bove ~nd th~ proces~ 1
rep~tQd .
A~ ~hown in Flg. 1, the exp~ndAble Joint reln~orcln~ c~ge
ln thl~ ~bodl~ent 1~ constltue~ by a p~lr of oppo~lng ch~nnel
~mber~ 40, 41 llnked tog~ther by n plur~llty o concrete
r0in~0rclng b~r~ 42~ ~ach of whlch h~s lts l~ter~l ~nds ~3, 44
plvotslly coupled or conn~cted to ch~nnel me~bQr~ 40 ~nd ~1~
re~p~ctl~oly by pivot memb~r~ 43P ~hd ~P, r~pectlvely. The
ch~nn~ bor 40 constitute~ a vertlc~l Aupport bsr ~emher ~nd
h~ plurl~lty of horizont~lly extending concret~ ~nchor member~
26-1~ 26-2... which ar~ aecur~d ~ by weldlng to one ~ur~ce o
~he vertlcal ~upport b~r momber con~tltut0d by ch~nnel 400 A
- ~62~S~ ``
vertlcal run 26V may be ~ecured to the enda of bars 26-l, 26-2 ~o
to m~lntaln the~ vertlcQl ~nd avold bending the end~ o~ the
b~rn 26-l~ 26-2...2~-n. It wlll be ~pprecl~ted that the ~nchor
26 m~y bo m0an~ con~tltuted by ~ perfor~ted stee1 pl~te 26 PSP
whlch hQ4 b~en ~lded to th~ bo~e o~ ch~nne1 me~ber ~0 ~ 3hown
ln Fig. 9. E~ch o the ends 43, ~ of th~ reinforcln~ b~r3 42 ls
bent ~nd p~e~ through on eyelet or opening ln pivot m~n~ ~3P
~nd 44P w~1dad to the in~id~ of the U-~h~ped ~hannel memb~r~ ~0,
~l. The end~ ~3 ~nd ~4 could be in th~ form of eyl~ta ~now
~ho~n). Ch~nn~l memb~r ~1 con~tltut~s ~n oper~tlng rod ~mber for
novlnq t~ plurallty of r~lnforcin~ bRr member~ 42 from a
sub~t~ntl~lly vertlc~l po~ltion to ~ ~ubst~ntlh11y horlzont~1
po~ltlon. Aa lndlc~t~d in Fl~. 1 and 2~ th~ po~ltlon durlnq the
lnstDll~tion of th~ e~p~nd~ble Jolnt reinforclng c~ge ~mbly ln
~ectan~ul~r end ~top plpe member 11 ~nd aft~r re~ov~l of the end
~top pipe 11 ~nd durln~ the exc~v~tlon of th~ next ~d~cent p~nel
~e~tlon 10-l (ln Fig~ 6) the expand~ble ~olnt reinforcing caqe i~
nalntolned ~n a coll~psed or cloaed condltion whlch 1~ lndlcAted
ln ~olld llne~ ln Fig~ nd 2. After the end ~top plpe 11 h~
baen wlthdr~wn fro~ the excav~tion and the exc~vatlon of the
~dJoinln~ slot or p~nel ~ection 10-1 complet~d the next
~onvontlon~l relnforcing c~ge 3'~ ls inst~lled.
Th~ exp~nda~le Jolnt relnforcing ca~e~ are m~lnt~lned ln
thl~ collqp~ed po~ltlon flrst to protect the ~s~embly from dn~qe
by the a~c~v~tlng equlpment and ~lso to provlde ~n ~ddltlonAl
~pace or room to ~cilit~te th~ use nnd ~anlpulatlon of the
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5~ ~.
exc~vatlng ~quipment CSE, ~uch ~3 a cl~m ~hell, cl~m bu~ket,
drllllng rlg~ and th~ llke wlthout dem~ge to ths rainforclnq bar~
~nd c~ and ma~lng the exc~v~tlon procedure ~omewhat e~ler and
plier. A~ter the excqv~tion h~s been complet0d, ~nd the
relnforcin~ c~g~ 39 in~erted lnto pnnel ~lot 10-1~ the upp~r end
of the ch~nn~l ~ember 41 1~ t~pped ln the dlrecti~n o~ the ~rrow
~nd mov~d downwardly which c~u~e~ ~11 of the reln-forcing b~r~ ~2
to ~wlng or mov~ about ~n ~rc thereby extendlng the Joint
r~lnforclng c~ to the po~itlon ~hown in dotted llne~ ln Flg.~. 1
nnd 2 ~nd to th~ ~olid llnes shown ln Fi~. 7. It i8. o cour~e,
po~lbl~ that ~ho b~r~ could ~wlnq on ~ horizont~l ~rc ~
lndlc~ted ln Fi~. 12 w~n th~ pivot~ 43P' ~nd 44" permit the
op~r~ting b~r4 ~1" to ~wln~ horlzontslly ~bout ~ v~rtlcal ~xl~.
Tho Alot~ 22 ~nd 23 for ret~ln~n~ the exp~ndabl~ ~olnt
r~lnforclng CM9~ in a clo~ed po~ltlon extends for th~ full lenqth
o~ the ~nd ~top plpe ~lement~ It 1~ ~ntlclp~ted in ~ number
of cn~a th~t tho ~olnt expnn~lon reinforcln~ cage need only
Qxtend for ~ c~rt~ln portlon of the depth of the wall, e.q. only
where tho addltlon~l ~trençlth i~ ne0ded. In such c~se~, the
~xpetndable r~3inforcln~ c~ee~ need not extend for th~ ~ull d~pth
o th~ wetll ~ut snly for th~t portlon of lt ~a ne~ded. In ~su::h
C~1~8, the bottolR end o~ th~ c~qes ctre ~se~led ~ta by ~nee.ns of
block~ of ~tyro~o~m etnd the l lkel ~o e~ to prev~nt the lntru~ on
of concr0t~ whlch would prev~nt or llltpede the exp~nalon l~nd
t~p~nin~ ht~ t~p~nti~ ~ht~ h~ po,31t~on e~h~wn ln F~
nd Z. A we~k cemt3nt m~ty b~ u~3d ~tt the lower extremltleEs of the
~ 2 62 0 5 ~
expandable ca~ ln the ch~nnel members to plu~ or block the flow
of th~ concr~t~ ln the c~st ~ectlon from enterln~ ln~o or flowlnq
up lnto the U-sh~ped chAnnels ~0 ~nd 41. It doean't
si~nlfl~ntly ~ffoct tho ~trength lf tho lower horlzontal
rolnforcln~ b~r 42 i~ broken of~ durlng the exp~ndlng oper~tion,
p~rtlcul~rly ~lnce the length or hel~ht o~ the c~ge c~n e~lly b~
d~slgned for ouch contlngency.
As ~hown ln Flg. 9, the channel member 41 h~ been
r~pl~ced by n fl~t pl~te 60 whlch ~erve~ ~8 th~ oper~tln~ rod
~ber ~or ~ovlng th~ plur~lity of relnforoing bar~ fro~ a
sub~tanti~lly vertlc41 po~ltlon to the ~ub~tsntlHlly horlzont~l
po~ltlon. In Flg. 10, both U-shaped channel membera h~ve been
rspl~ced. The functlon o~ tho ~h~nnel member~ 1~ performed by Q
v~rtlcal aupport b~r ~e~ber 70 ~nd an operAting rod mem~er 71
~0~8 th~ plurl~ity of reln~orclnq bar me~ber3 ~2-1",
92-2"...42-n". The anchor b~r ~ember.~ h~ve been repl~c~d by
por~or~tod ~l~te 74 h~vln~ ~ plurl~ity of perfor~tlone 75
thoreln. In Flg. 11, the vertlc~l ~upport b~r 70' 1~ ln qroovea
74, 79 for~d ln end ~top member 11'. In the embodlment shown ln
FI~. 11, ~ T~lon co~tlng m~y be 0pplled to the grooves and
operatlng rod ~ember 72 mny be t~pped downwnrdl~ whlle ln the
~lot o~ r~ct~ngul~r end ~top plpe 11' ~o a~ to c~u~o th~ llnk~
to bear ~g~ln~t the slot~ 76 ~nd 78 thereby ~urln~ th~ ae~llnq
~g~ln~t th~ entry o~ concrete whlch mlqht lmPede the op~nln~ or
exp~ndln~ o~ th~ exp~ndable ~olnt rqlnorclng c~s. In Fly. 12.
the Jolnt reinforcing members ~2' ~re plvot~d ~or horlzont~l
- 12 -
swinging by operating bar 41".
Referring now to Fig. 13, the carrier channels 22' and
23' (only one being shown) are carried on the exterior surface of
end stop pipe 11'. Each channel includes a pair of plates or
ribs 80, 81 which are spaced the distance between legs ~ and 83
of vertical support bar or channel 40". The operating bar 41'''
is nested within the confines of the two channels and a bottom
closure 84 is secured to the bottom of the channel 40" to prevent
concrete from rising in the channel and possibly interfering with
10 the expansion of the joint reinforcing cage.
The above-described expandable joint reinforcing cage
is also disclosed and is clairned in above-identified parent
application Serial Number: 598,632.
While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment
of the invention, it will be appreciated that various other
embodiments as will become obvious to those skilled in the art is
intended to be encompassed by the claims appended hereto.
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