ROTATING DISPLAY ELEMENT AND DISPLAY UNIT USING THE SAME

ELEMENT TOURNANT D'AFFICHAGE, ET ENSEMBLE D'AFFICHAGE QUI EN EST GARNI

English Abstract

ABSTRACT
A rotating display element which is provided
with a display surface member having a plurality of
display surfaces which are selected by rotating the
display surface member, and a display unit which uses
the display element. The display surface member of
the rotating display element has incorporated therein
a permanent magnet type motor mechanism and is driven
by the permanent magnet type motor mechanism. The
rotor of the permanent magnet type motor mechanism
has first and second double pole permanent magnet
members, and its stator has first and second magnetic
members having wound thereon first and second
exciting windings, respectively. The display unit
has first and second power supply means for supplying
power to the first exciting winding of the permanent
magnet type motor mechanism and third and fourth
power supply means for supplying power to the second
exciting winding. The plurality of display surfaces
of the display surface member can selectively be
directed to the front by supplying power to the first
exciting winding via the first or second power supply
means and by supplying power to the second exciting
winding via the third or fourth power supply means.
A display panel can be constituted by arranging, in a






matrix form, a number of such display units each
employing the rotating display element.

Claims

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

1. A rotating display element, comprising:
a display surface member having a plurality of
display surfaces;
and a permanent magnet type motor mechanism;
wherein the display surface member is mounted on
a rotor of the permanent magnet type motor mechanism
so that it incorporates therein the permanent magnet
type motor mechanism;
wherein the plurality of display surfaces of the
display surface member are arranged side by side
around the axis of the rotor;
wherein either one of the rotor and stator of
the permanent magnet type motor mechanism has first
and second double-pole permanent magnet members
respectively having north and south magnetic poles
and disposed side by side in the axial direction of
the rotor;
Wherein the first double-pole permanent magnet
member is formed by a bar- or plate-like member which
is of narrow rectangular cross section in a direction
perpendicular to the axis of the rotor and magnetized
with north and south magnetic poles at its both free
end faces spaced an angular distance of 180 apart
around the axis of the rotor, the bar- or plate-like





member being mounted on the rotor shaft, with the
center of the former in the above cross section held
in agreement with the center of the latter;
Wherein the second double-pole permanent magnet
member is formed by a bar- or plate-like member which
is of narrow rectangular cross section in the
direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotor and
magnetized with north and south magnetic poles at its
both free end faces spaced an angular distance of 180°
apart around the axis of the rotor, the bar- or
plate-like member being mounted on the rotor shaft,
with the center of the former in the above cross
section held in agreement with the center of the
latter, in such a manner that the north and south
magnetic poles of the second double-pole permanent
magnet member are disposed around the axis of the
rotor at an angular distance of ?.alpha.° (where O° ? .alpha. °
< 180°) from the north and south magnetic poles of
the first double-pole permanent magnet member and at
an angular distance of 180° from each other;
wherein the other of the rotor and the stator of
the permanent magnet type motor has a first magnetic
member provided with first and second magnetic poles
which act on the north and south magnetic poles of
the first double-pole permanent magnet member, a


86



second magnetic member provided with third and fourth
magnetic poles which act on the north and south
magnetic poles of the second double-pole permanent
magnet member, a first exciting winding wound on the
first magnetic member in manner to excite its first
and second magnetic poles in reverse polarities, and
a second exciting winding wound on the second
magnetic member in a manner to excite its third and
fourth magnetic poles in reverse polarities;
wherein the first and second magnetic poles of
the first magnetic member are disposed around the
rotor shaft at an angular distance of 180°;
wherein the third and fourth magnetic poles of
the second magnetic member are disposed around the
axis of the rotor shaft at an angular distance of ?90°
?.alpha.° from the first and second magnetic poles of the
first magnetic member and at an angular distance of
180 from each other; and
wherein the first and second magnetic poles of
the first magnetic member and the third and fourth
magnetic poles of the second magnetic member
respectively extend over an angular range of about 90
around the axis of the rotor shaft.
2. A display unit comprising:
a rotating display element and a drive unit for


87


driving the rotating display element;
wherein the rotating display element is provided
with a display surface member having a plurality of
display surfaces, and a permanent magnet type motor
mechanism;
wherein the display surface member is mounted on
a rotor of the permanent magnet type motor mechanism
so that it incorporates therein the permanent magnet
type motor mechanism;
wherein the plurality of display surfaces of the
display surface member are arranged side by side
around the axis of the rotor;
wherein either one of the rotor and stator of
the permanent magnet type motor mechanism has first
and second double-pole permanent magnet members
respectively having north and south magnetic poles
and disposed side by side in the axial direction of
the rotor;
Wherein the first double-pole permanent magnet
member is formed by a bar- or plate-like member which
is of narrow rectangular cross section in a direction
perpendicular to the axis of the rotor and magnetized
with north and south magnetic poles at its both free
end faces spaced an angular distance of 180° apart
around the axis of the rotor, the bar- or plate-like


88


member being mounted on the rotor shaft, with the
center of the former in the above cross section held
in agreement with the center of the latter;
Wherein the second double-pole permanent magnet
member is formed by a bar- or plate-like member which
is of narrow rectangular cross section in the
direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotor and
magnetized with north and south magnetic poles at its
both free end faces spaced an angular distance of 180°
apart around axis of the the rotor, the bar- or
plate-like member being mounted on the rotor shaft,
with the center of the former in the above cross
section held in agreement with the center of the
latter, in such a manner that the north and south
magnetic poles of the second double-pole permanent
magnet member are disposed around the axis of the
rotor at an angular distance of ?.alpha.° (where O° ? .alpha.°
< 180°) from the north and south magnetic poles of
the first double-pole permanent magnet member and at
an angular distance of 180° from each other;
wherein the other of the rotor and the stator of
the permanent magnet type motor has a first magnetic
member provided with first and second magnetic poles
which act on the north and south magnetic poles of
the first double-pole permanent magnet member, a


89


second magnetic member provided with third and fourth
magnetic poles which act on the north and south
magnetic poles of the second double-pole permanent
magnet member, a first exciting winding wound on the
first magnetic member in manner to excite its first
and second magnetic poles in reverse polarities, and
a second exciting winding wound on the second
magnetic member in a manner to excite its third and
fourth magnetic poles in reverse polarities;
wherein the first and second magnetic poles of
the first magnetic member are disposed around the
axis of the rotor at an angular distance of 180°;
wherein the third and fourth magnetic poles of
the second magnetic member are disposed around the
axis of rotor at an angular distance of ?90 ?.alpha.° from
the first and second magnetic poles of the first
magnetic member and at an angular distance of 180
from each other; and
wherein the first and second magnetic poles of
the first magnetic member and the third and fourth
magnetic poles of the second magnetic member
respectively extend over an angular range of about 90
around the axis of the rotor.
wherein the drive unit has first power supply
means for supplying power to the first exciting






winding so that the first and second magnetic poles
of the first magnetic member are magnetized with the
north and south magnetic poles, second power supply
means for supplying power to the first exciting
winding so that the first and second magnetic poles
of the first magnetic member are magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, third power supply
means for supplying power to the second exciting
winding so that the third and fourth magnetic poles
of the second magnetic member are magnetized with the
north and south magnetic poles, and fourth power
supply means for supplying power to the second
exciting winding so that the third and fourth
magnetic poles of the second magnetic member are
magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles.


- 91 -

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a rotating
display element which is provided with a display
surface member having plural, for instance, four
display surfaces and is adapted to select a desired
one of the display surfaces by rotating the display
surface member. Further, the invention pertains to
improvement in or relating to a display unit using
such a rotating display element.
Description of the Prior Art
Heretofore, various rotating display elements
have been proposed, which are, however, defective in
that a rotating mechanism for driving a display
surface member must be provided separately of the
rotating display element, or in that a selected
display surface of the display surface member does
not assume a correct display position.
Furthermore, a variety of display units
employing such a rotating display element have also
been proposed in the past, yet they possess the
drawback of involving complex means for selecting a
desired one of the di~play suraces, in addition to
the abovesaid defects o the rotating display
element.


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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION :.
An object of the present invention is to provide
a novel rotating display element free from the above-
mentioned defects and a display unit using such a
display element.
According to an aspect of the present invention,
a selected one of the display surfaces of the
display surface member can be turned to face front,
simply by connecting a power source to a first
exciting winding of either one of a rotor and a
stator (hereinafter referred to as a stator, for the
sake of simplicity) of a motor mechanism through
first or second power supply means and a power source
to a second exciting winding of the stator through a
third or fourth power supply means. Therefore, the
display surfaces of the display surface member can
selectively be turned to the front through use of a
simple arrangement.
According to another aspect of the present
invention, even if the power supply to the first and
second exciting windings is cut off after turning a
selected one o~ display surfaces to the front, the
selected display sur~ace can be held there because
first and second double-pole permanent magnet members
of the other of the rotor and stator ~hereinafter




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referred to as the rotor, for the sake of simplicity)
of the above-mentioned motor mechanism act on first
and second magnetic members of the stator. This
saves unnecessary power consumption.
According to another aspect of the present
invention, the above-mentioned motor mechanism is
incorporated in the display surface member, and so a
display surace member driving mechanism need not be
provided separately of the display element as in the
prior art.
According to another aspect of the present
invention, the rotor of the motor mechanism has first
and second double-pole permanent magnet members, each
ma~netized with north and south magnetic poles. The
double-pole permanent magnet members are each formed
by a bar- or plate-like member of narrow rectangular
cross section in a direction perpendicular to the
axis of the rotor and has the north and south
magnetic poles at its bo-th free end faces spaced an
angular distance of 180 apart around the rotor axis.
The bar- or plate-like member is mountad on the rotor
shaftr with the center of the former in the above--
mentioned cross section held in agreement with the
center of the latter. With such a structure, it is
possible to rapidly and smoothly turn a selected
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display surface to the front and hold it in position.
The display unit of the present invention
employs the above-mentioned display element, and
means for driving the display element needs only to
have first and second power supply means for
supplying power to the first and second exciting
windings of the display element arld third and fourth
power supply means for supplying power to the second
exciting winding. Therefore, the display element can
be driven with a simple arrangement.
B EF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram conceptually
illustrating an embodiment of the display unit
employing the rotating display element according to
the present in~ention;
Fig~ 2 is a plan view, partly in section,
showing an example of the rotating display element
used in the display unit depicted in Fig. 1; ;
Fig. 3 is a front view, partly in section,
similar to Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a side view, partly in sectionj as
viewed ~rom the line IV-IV in Fig. 2; and
Figs. 5 to 17 are sch~Matic diagrams ~or
explaining the operation o~ the display unit o~ the
present invention ~hown in Fig. 1.




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DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERR~D EMBODIMENTS
.
Fig. 1 conceptually illustrates an embodiment
of the display unit employing the rotating display
element of the present invention~ The display unit
is provided with the rotating display ele~ent
(hereinafter referred to simply as a display element,
for the sake of brevity) E and a driving device G for
driving it.
The display element E has a display surface
member D and a permanent magnet type motor mechanism
~ hereinafter referred to simply as a motor
mechanism, for the sake of brevity) identified by Q
in Figs. 2 to 4.
As will be seen from Figs. 2 to 4, the display
surface member D is, for instance, tubular in shape
lS and has four display panels H1, H2, H3 and H4
disposed around its axis at equiangular intervals of
90 . On the outer surfaces of the four display
panels H1, H~, ~I3 and H4 are formed display surfaces
F1, F2, F3 and F4, respectively.
An example of the motor mechanism Q has a rotary
sha~t 11, on which two double-pole permanent magnet
members M1 and M2, each magneki~ed with north and
south magnetic poLes are mounted side by side
lengthwise thereof.


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The double-pole permanent magnet members M1 and
M2 are each formed by a bar- or plate-like member
which is of narrow rectangular cross section in a
direction perpendicular to the rotary shaft 11 and
magnetized with north and south magnetic poles at its
both free end faces spaced an angular distance of 180
apart around the rotary shaft 11. The bar- or plate-
like member is mounted on the rotary shaft 11, with
the center of the former in the above-mentioned cross
section held in agreement with the center of the
latter. In this instance, it is preferable that the
both end faces of the bar- or plate-like mernber,
magnetized with north and south magnetic polesr
respectively, each form a circular arc with the
center at the rotary shaft 11 . The length of this
circular arc is as small as less than 45 , for
example, 90/3 or so around the rotary shaft 11.
Such a bar- or plate-like member has a structure
which is obtained by cutting a disc or columnar
member along a pair of opposed planes equidistant
~rom a plane containing its axis.
The north and south poles o~ the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2 are disposed around the
rotary sha~t 11 at an angular distance +a (where
has a value represented by 0 S a < l80 and




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including O)apart from the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet members M1.
In the drawings, there is shown the case where ~ = 0,
for the sake of simplicity.
The rotary shat 11 and the double-pole
permanent magnet members M1 and M2, mentioned above,
constitute a rotor R of the motor mechan sm Q.
The rotor R of the motor mechanism Q is
rotatably supported by a support 15 which is composed
of left-hand, right-hand and rear panels 12, 13 and
14. That is, the rotary shaft 11 of the rotor R is -
pivotalLy mounted between the left- and right-hand
panels 12 ard 13 of the support 15.
The motor mechanism Q comprisPs, for example, a
magnetic member B1 provided with magnetic poles P1
and P2, which act on the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member M1,
a magnetic member B2 similarly provided with magnetic
poles P3 and P4, which act on the north and south
magnetic poles o the double-pole permanent magnet
member M2, an exciting winding L1 wound on the
magnetic member B1 in a manner to excite the magnetic
poles P1 and P2 in reverse polarities, and an
exciting winding L2 wound on the magnetic member B2
in a manner to excite the maqnetic poles P3 and P4 in


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reverse polarities.
The magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic
member B1 are spaced apart an angular distance of 180
around the axis of the rotor R, i. e. the rotary -~
shaft 11.
The magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the magnetic
member B2 are also spaced apart an angular distance
of 180 around the rotary shaft 11 of the rotor R,
~ut these magnetic poles P3 and P4 are held at an
angular distance +90 ~ from the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1. In the drawings,
there is shown the case where ~ = 0 as mentioned
pxeviously and +90 is selected from '90 , and so
the former magnetic poles P3 and P4 are shown to be
;15 spaced +90 apart from those P1 and P2.
The magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic
member B1 and the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the
magnetic member B2 respectively extend over an
angular range of about 90 around the axis of the
rotary shaft 11 of the rotor R. -~
The magnetic members B1 and B2 and the exciting
windings L1 and L2 form a stator S of the motor
mechanism Q.
The stator S of the motor mechanism Q is fixedly
mounted on the aforementioned support 15. That is,
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the magnetic member B1 and the exciting winding L1
wound thereon are fixed to the support 15 by a
support rod 16 which extends between the position of
the exciting winding L1 and the inner side wall of
the right-hand panel 13 of the support 15. Likewise
the magnetic member B2 and the exciting winding L2
wound thereon are fixed ko the support 15 by a
support rod 17 which extends between the position of
the exciting winding L2 and the inner side wall of
the le~t-hand panel 12 of the support 15.
~ The display surface member D is mounted on the
:- rotor R of the motor mechanism Q in such a manner
. that it houses therein the motor mechanism Q. That
is, four support rods K1, K2, K3 and K4, extending
radially of the rotary shaft 11 at 90 intervalsl are
fixed at one end to the rotary shaft 11 between the
~ double-pole permanent magnet members M1 and M2
-~ mounted thereon, the free ends of the support rods
K1, K2, X3 and K4 being secured to the display panels
H1, H2, H3 and H4 of the display surface member D on
the inside thereof, xespectively.
In this case, the display surface member D is
mounted on the xotor R in such a manner that the
display surface F1 of the display surface member D
faces to the ~ront when the rotor R assumes such a

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rotational position where the centers of the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-po].e permanent
magnet member M1 are opposite to trailing ends a of
the magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic member
B1 in the clockwise direction, respectively, and the
centers of the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet member M2 are opposite
to leading ends b o~ the magnetic poles P3
and P4 of the magnetic member B2 in the clockwise
direction, respectively, as shown in Figs. 5, 9, 12
and 15. The above rotational position will herein-
after be referred to as the first rotational position.
Further, the display surface membex D is mounted
on the rotor R in such a manner that the display
surface F4 of the display surface member D faces to
the front when the rotor R assumes such a rotational
position where the centers of the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet
me~ber M1 confront the leading ends b of the magnetic
poles P1 and P2 o~ the magnetic member B1 in the
clockwise direction, respectively, and the centers of
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2 confront the trailing ends
a of the magnetic poles P4 and P3 of the magnetic
member B2 in the clockwise direction, respectively,

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as shown in Figs. 6, 13 and 16. The above rotational
position will hereinafter be referred to as the
fourth rotational po~ition.
Moreover, the display surface member D is
mounted on the rotor R in such a manner that the
display surface F2 of the display surface member D
faces to the front when the rotor R assumes such a
rotational position where the centers of the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
l~ magnet member M1 are opposite to the leading ends b ;~
of the magnetic poles P2 and P1 of the magnetic
member B1 in the clockwise direction, respectively,
and the centers of the north and south magnetic poles
of the double-pole permanent magnet member M2 are
opposite to the trailing endsa of the magnetic poles
P3 and P4 of the magnetic member B2 in the clockwise
direFtion, respectively, as shown in Figs. 7, 10 and
17. The above rotational position will hereinafter
be referred to as the second rotational position.
2Q Furthermore, the display surface member D is
mounted on the rotor R in such a manner that the
display surface F3 of the display surface member D
faces to the front when the rotor R assumes such a
rotational position where the centers of the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
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magnet member M1 confront the trailing ends a of the
magnetic pole portions P2 and P1 of the magnetic
member ~1 in the clockwise direction, respectively,
and the centers of the north and south magnetic poles
of the double-pole permanent magnet member M2
confront the leading ends b of the magnetic poles P4
and P3 of the magnetic member B2 in the clockwise
direction, respectively, as shown in Figs. 8, 11 and
14. The above rotational position will hereinafter
be referred to as the third rotational position.
As illustrated in Figs. 5 to 17, the driving
device G is provided with power supply means J1 for
supplying power to the exciting winding L1 of the
stator S of the motor mechanism Q to make the
magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic me~ber B1
serve as north and south magnetic poles,
respectively, power supply means J2 for supplying
power to the exciting winding L1 to make ~he magnetic
poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic member B1 serve as
south and north magnetic poles, respectively, power
supply means J3 for supplying power to the exciting
windlng L2 of the ~tator S of the motor mechanism Q
to make the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the magnetic
member B2 act as north and south magnetic poles, :~
respectively, and power supply means J4 for supplying

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power to the exciting winding L2 to make the magnetic
poles P3 and P4 of the magnetic member B2 act as
south and north magnetic poles, respectively.
The power ~upply means J1 has, for example, an
arrangement in which the positive side of a DC power
source 20 is connected to one end of the axciting
winding L1 via a movable contact c and a fixed
contact a of a change-over switch W1 and the negative
side of the DC power source 20 is connected directly
to the mid point of the exciting winding L1.
The power supply means J2 has, for example, an
arrange~ent in which the positive side of the DC
power ~ource 20 is connected to the other end of the
exciting winding L1 via the movable contact c and
another fixed contact b of the change-over switch W1
and the negative side of the DC power source 20 is
connected directly to the mid point of the exciting
winding Lt.
The power supply means J3 has, for example, an
arrangement in which the positive side of the DC
; power source 20 is connected to one end of the
axciting winding L2 via a movable contact c ancl a
~ixed contact a of a change-over switch W2 and the
negative side of the DC power source 20 is connected
directly to the mid point of th~ exciting winding L2.

14
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The power supply means J4 has, for example, an
arrangement in which the positive side of the DC
power source 20 is connected to the other end of the
exciting winding L2 via the movable contact c and
another contact b of the change-over switch W2 and
the negative side of the DC power source 20 is
connected directly to the mid point of the exciting
winding L2.
Next, a description will be given of details of
; 10 the arrangement and its operatlon.
With the above-described arrangement of the
display unit employing the rotating display element
according to the present invention, the rotor R of
the motor mechanism Q has the two double-pole
permanent magnet members M1 and M2 mounted on the
rotary shaft 11. The north and south magnetic poles
of the double-pole permanent magnet member M1 and the
double-pole permanent magnet member M2 are spaced an
angular distance of +~(where ~= 0, in this
example) apart around the rotary shaft 11.
On the other hand, the stator S of the motor
mechanism Q has the magnetic member B1 provided with
the magnetlc poles P1 and P2 which are spaced a l80
~ angular di stance apart around the rotary shaft 11 and
~ 25 act on the north and south magnetic poles of the
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double-pole permanent magnet member M1 and the
magnetic member 82 provided with the magnetic poles
P3 and P4 which are spaced an angular distance of ~90
~ apart from the magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the
double-pole permanent magnet member M1 and disposed
at 90 intervals around the rotary shaft 11 and on
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2. The magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 over an angular
ranga of 90extend around the rotary shaft 11, and
the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the magnetic member
B2 similarly extend over an angu~ar rang of 90
around the rotary shaft 11.
With such an arrangement, when the movable
contacts c of the aforesaid change-over switches W1
and W2 are connected to fixed contacts d,that is,
when no power is supplied to either of the exciting
windings L1 and L2 of the stator S, the rotor R of
the motor mechanism Q assumes the first rotational
position described previously with regard to Figs. S,
9, 12 and 15, the fourth rotational position
described pxeviously with regard to Figs. 6, 13 and
16, the ~econd rotational position described
pxeviously with regard to Figs. 7, 10 and 17, or the
third rotational position described previously with

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1~36~00

regard to Figs. 8, 11 and 14.
The reason for this is as follows.
In a case where the rotor R tends to rotate
counterclockwise from its first rotational position
shown in Figs. 5, 9, 12 and 15, since the north and
south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M1 stay opposite the magnetic poles P1
and P2 o~ the magnetic member B1, there does not
develop in the double-pole permanent magnet membe~ M1
a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from
rotating counterclockwise. However, since the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M2 move out of the opposing relation to
the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the magnetic member
B2, there develops in the double-pole permanent
magnet member M2 a rotating torque which prevents the
,
rotor R from rotating counterclockwise~ Further, in
a case where the rotor R tends to rotate clockwise
from its first rotational position shown in Figs. S,
9 and 16, since the north and south magnetic poles of
the double pole permanent magnet member M2 stay
opposite the magnetic pole~ P3 and P4 of the magnetic
member B2, there does not develop in the double pole
permanent magnet member M2 a rotating torque which
prevents the rotor R ~rom rotating clockwise.

17




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~ 2~65~

However, since the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent ~agnet ~ember M1 leave the
magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic member B1,
there develops in the double-pole permanent magnet N1
S a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from
rotating clockwise.
In a case where the rotor R tends to rotate
clockwise from its fourth rotatiorlal position shown
in Figs. 6, 13 and 16, since the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet
member M1 stay opposite the magnetic poles P1 and P2
of the magnetic member B1, there do~s not develop in
the double-pole permanent magnet member ~1 a rotating
torque which prsvents the rotor R from rotating
clockwise. However since the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet
member M2 leave the magnetic poles P4 and P3 of the
magnetic member B2, there develops in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2 a rotating torque which
prevents the rotor R from ratating clockwise.
Further, in a case where the rotor R tends ta rotate
counterclockwise from its fourth rotational po~ition
shown ln Figs. 6, 13 and 16, since the north and
south magnetic poles of the double-pole permane.nt
magnet member M2 stay opposite the magnetic poles P4

18




- , . .. . ~ . . . . .
'".,'"', :-',' ;'' ~ ' " ",',' " '., . ~:" ' ,'
-
..
,. ........... ~
,,., . . ~.

s~


and P3 of the magnetic member B2, there does not
develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member M2
a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from
xotating counterclockwise. However, since the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole parmanent
magnet member M1 leave the magnetic poles P1 and P2
of the magnetic member B1, there develops in the
double-pole permanent magnet member M1 a rotating
torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
counterclockwise.
In a case where the rotor R tends to rotate
clockwise from its second rotational position shown
in Figs. 7, 10 and 17, since the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet
member M1 stay opposite the magne~ic poles P2 and P1
of the magnetic member Ei1, there does not develop in
the double-pole permanent magnet member M1 a rotating
torque which prevents ths rotor R from rotating
clockwise. However since the north and south
magnetic poles of the double~pole permanent magnet
member M2 leave the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the
magnetic member B2, there develops in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2 a rotating torque which
prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise.
Further, in a case where the rotor R tends to rotate

1 9




- , .-


counterclockwise ~rom its second rotational position
shown in Figs. 7, 10 and 17, since the north and
south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M2 stay opposite the magnetic poles P3
and P4 of the magnetic member B2, there does not
develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member M2
a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from
rotating counterclockwise. However, since the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M1 leave the magnetic poles P2 and P1
of the magnetic member B1, there develops in the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 a rotating torque
which prevents the rotor R from rotating
countarclockwise.
In a case where the rotor R tends to rotate
counterclockwise from its third rotational position
shown in Figs. 8, 11 and 14, since the north and
south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M1 stay opposite the magnetic poles P2
and P1 of the magnetic member B1, there does not
develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member M1
a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from
rotating counterclockwi~a~ However, since the north
and south magnetic pole~ o~ ~he double-pole permanent
magnet member M2 leave the magnetic pole~ P4 and P3



:



- . - - , :. -. ,:: - , : . .

~ ' ; , . '
:

5~


of the magnetic member B2~ ther~ develops in the
double-pole permanent magnet member M2 a rotating
torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
counterclockwise. Further, in a case where the rotor
R tends to rotate cloc~wise from its third rotational
position shown in Figs. 8, 11 and 14, since the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M2 stay opposite the magnetic poles P4
arld P3 of the magnetic member B2, there does not
develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member M2
a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from
rotating clockwise. Howevsr, since the north and
south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member Ml leave the magnetic poles P2 and P1
of the magnetic member B1, there develops in the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 a rotating torque
which prevents the rotor R from rotating clockwise~
For the reasons given above, when no power is
supplied to either of the exciting windings L1 and L2
of the stator S, the rotor R assume any one of the
first, second, third and fourth rotational positions.
Furthermore, the display surface member D i5
mounted on the rotor R o~ the motor mechanism Q so
; that the display ~urfaces F1, F2, F3 and F4
respectively face to the front when the rotor R

21




~: .~ . .
. : , . .~ : .

~2 !36S~


assumes the first, second, third and fourth
rotational positions as described previouslyO
Now, let it be assumed that the rotor R o~ the
motor mechanism Q lies at the ~irst.rotational posi-
tion and, consequently, the display element E is in
such a state that the display surface F1 of the
display surface member D faces to the front (This
state will hereinaPter be referred to as the first
state). In such a first state of the display element
E, even if power is supplied via the power supply
means J2 to the exciting winding L1 of the stator S
of the motor mechanism Q and to the exciting winding
L2 via the power supply means J4 for a very short
time at about the same time, as shown in Fig. 5, the
display element E will be retained in the first
state.
The reason for this is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means J2, the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
south and north magnetic poles to produce a small
counterclockwise rotating torque in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M1, urging the rotor R to
turn counterclockwise. By the power supply to the
exciting winding ~2 via the power supply means J4,




; ' ' '
~ : ,
': . . ' ' . ' ' ' ~: ' .
.

~LZ~365~

however, the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the magnetic
member B2 are magnetized with south and north
magnetic poles to produce a small clockwise rotating
torque in the double-pole permanent magnet member M2,
. ., ~ .~
urging the rotox R to turn clockwise. Accordingly,
there develops in the rotor R no rotating torque or
only a small counterclockwise or clockwise rotating
torque. In a case where the small counterclockwise
rotating torque is yielded in the rotor R, the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M1 remain opposite the magnetic poles
P1 and P2 of the magnetic member B1 now magnetized as
tha south and nor~h magnetic poles; so that there
does not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet
m~mber ~1 a rotating torque which prevents the rotor
R from rotating counterclockwise. However, since the
north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet member ~2 leave the magnetic poles
P3 and P4 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized as
the south and north magnetic poles, there is produced
in the double-pole permanent magnet member M2 a
rotating torque which prevents counterclockwise
rotational movement of the rotor R. Further, in a
caRe where the abovesaid small clockwi~e rotating
torque is produced in the rotor R, the north and
. .
:'~




''- ' ' ' .' ' ' ' ' "

:

~LX~SO~


south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M2 stay opposite the magnetic poles P3
and P4 of the magnetic member B2 magnetized as the
south and north magnetic poles; so that there does
not develop in the double-pole permanent magnet
member M2 a rotating torque which prevents the rotor
R from rotating clockwise. However, since the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M1 leave the magnetic poles Pt and P2
acting as the south and north magnetic poles, there
is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet
member M1 a rotating torque which prev~nts the
clockwise rotational movement of the rotor R.
For the reason given above, the display element
E remains in the first state even if power is
supplied to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the
power supply means J2 and J4 when the display element
E is in the first state. -
When the display element E is in the first
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
means J2 to the exciting winding L1 and ~o the .
exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J3
for a very short time at about the same time, as
shown in Fig. 6, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q
~5 will assume the a~ore~mentioned fourth rotational


.~ .,




.. : ., . , .: :, .
: .;: . , . :

~L28~50~)


position. That is, the display element E is switched
to and held in the state in which its display surface
E4 faces front (which state will hereinafter be
referred to as the fourth state).
The reason for this is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means J2, the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles. In this case,
however, since the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet member M1 are
opposite the ends a of the magnetic poles P1 and P2,
respecti~ely, no rotating torque is produced in the
double-pole permanen~ magnet member M1, or even if
produced, it is only a small counterclockwise
rotating torque. By the power supply to the exciting
winding L2 via the power supply means J3, however,
the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the magnetic member
B2 are magnetized with the north and south magnetic
poles. In this case, since the north and magnetic
; poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2 lie
opposite the ends b of the magnetic poles P3 and P4,
a large counterclockwise rotating torque is produced
in the double-pole permanent magnet M2 owing to
repulsiv~ force between its north magnetic pole and




. ; , .

:
~, : ' . : ' ': ,: '

5t)~)


the north-magnetized pole P3 and between its south
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P4. In
consequence, a large counterclockwise rotating torque
i5 produced in the rotor R, turning it
counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwi~e and
if it further rotates in excess of 45 from the first
rotational position, the north and south maynetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1 turn
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P1 and
P2 of the magnetic member B1 no~ magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, and consequently ns
rotating torqu~ is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1,or even if generated,itis only
lS a small clockwise rotating torque. However, since
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet M2 approach the magnetic poles P4
and P3 now magnetized with the south and north
magnetic poles, a large counterclockwise rotating
torgue is generated in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 by virtue of attractive force between its
north magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P~
and between it~ south magnetic pole and the north-
magnetized pole P3. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns counterclockwise.
.
26



- . -, . .~: . . . . .

. . .
:'' ' ' ' , : .' '
~ " ,. , : ': ' : '
.
,

1~8~50~


When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates in excess of 90 from the first
rotational position, the north and south ~agnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2 turn
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4 and
P3 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles; so that no rotating
tOrqlle i9 developed in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2, or even if produced, it is only a small
counterclockwise rotating torque. ~owever, since the
north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 axe out of opposing relation to
the magnetic poles P1 and P2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, there is produced in
the double-pole permanent magnet M1 a large rotating
toxque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
cou~terclockwise in excess of 90 from the first
state. Therefore, the rotor R does not turn
counterclockwise in excess of 90 from the first
rotational position.
For the reason given above, supplying power to
the exciting windings L1 and L2 via khe power supply
means J2 and J3 when the display element E assumes
the first state, the display element E is switched to
and held Ln the fourth state.

:
27




~ ~ ,

~8~5~3

When the display element E is in the first
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
means J1 to the exciting winding L1 and to the
exciting winding ~2 via the power supply means J4 for~
a very short time at about the same time, as shown
in Fig. 7, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q will
assume the second rotational position, where the
display element E is switched to and held in the
state in which its display surface F2 faces front
Iwhich state will hereina~ter be referred to as the
second state).
The reason for this is as follows:
By the power supply to the exclting winding L2
via the power supply means J4~ the magnetic poles P3
and P4 of the magnetic member B2 are magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles. In this case,
however, since the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet membex M2 are
opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles P3 and
P4, no rotating torque is produced in the diouble-pole
; permanent magnet member M2 and, even i produced, it
is only a small clockwise rotating tor~ue~ By l:he
power supply to the exciting winding L1 via the power
supply`mean~ J1, however, the magnetic poles P1 and
P2 o~ the magnetic member Bl are magnetized with the
'
. 28
., .
i :




.: . , . . . . : . ,
:.'; ~.'. '. ' '' . : . ' . ~;-", ' . : , .

~286S(~

north and south magnetic poles. In this case, since
the north and magnetic poles o~ the double-pole
permanent M1 lie opposite to the ends a of the
magnetic poles P1 and P2, a large clockwise rotating
torque is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet M1 owing to repulsive force between its north
magnetic pole and the north-magnetized pole P1 and
between its south magnetic pole and the south-
magne-tized pole P2. In consequence, a large
clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R,
turning it clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 45 from the first
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole per~anent magnet M2 turn
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P3 and
P4 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, and so no rotating
torque is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2, or even if generated, it is only a small
counterclockwise rotating torque. However, since the
north and south magnetic poles o the *ouble-pole
permanent magnet M~ approach the magnetic poles P2
and P1 now magnetized with the south and north
magnetic poles, a large clockwise rotating torque is

2g

,



'~, . '' ,' ,'~', .,' ,' ~,' ' ', ' "'

~8~50~

generated in the double-pole permanent magnet M1 by
virtue of attractive force between its north magnetic
pole and the south-magnetized pole P2 a~d between its
south magnatic pole and the north-magnetized pole P1.
As a result of this, the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess oE 90 from the first
state, the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 turn into opposing
relation to the magnetic poles P2 and P1 of the
magnetic member ~1 now magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles, no rotating torque is develaped
in the double-pole permanent magnet M1, or even if
produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating
torque. However, since the north and south ~agnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2 get out
of opposing relation to the magnetic poles P3 and P4
now magnetized with the south and north magnetic
poles, there is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 a large rotating torque which prevents the
rotor R from rotating clockwise in excess of 90 from
the first state. Therefore, the rotor R does not
turn clockwise in excess of 90 ~rom the fi:rst
rotational position.
For the reason given above, supplying power to

.




' ~ - ' ~ . ': . . -

~2~3~50~

the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power supply
means J1 and J4, when the display element E assumes
the aforesaid first state, the display element E is
switched to and held in the second state.~ ~
When the display element E is in the first
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
means J1 to the exciting winding L1 and to the
exciting winding L2 Yia the power supply means J3
for a very short time at about the same time, as
shown in Fig. 8, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q
will assume the third rotational position, where the
display element E is switched to and held in the
state in which its display surface F3 faces front
(whioh state will hereinafter be referred to as the
third state).
The reason for this is as follows
Let it be assumed that power is supplied first
to the exciting winding L1 via the power supply means
J1 and then to the exciting winding L2 via the power
supply means J3 a little after the start of the power
supply to the former.
In such a ca~e~ the power supply to the excitiny
winding L1 via the power supply means J1 magnetizes
the magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic member
B1 wlth the north and south magnetic poles. In this
31

.




.
; . .: ., - ,

36S00


case, since the north and magnetic poles of the
double pole permanent magnet M1 lie opposite the ends
a of the magnetic poles P1 and P2, a large clockwise
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 owing to repulsive force between
its north magnetic pole and the north-magnetized pole
P1 and between its south magnetic pole and the south-
magnetized pole P2. In consequence, a clockwise
rotating torque i5 produced in the rotor R, turning
it counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
fuxther rotates in excess of 45 from the first
state, the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 approach the magnetic
poles P2 and P1 now magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles. Hence a large clockwise
rotating torque is generated in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 by virtue of attractive force
between its north magnetic pole and the south-
` magnetized pole P2 and between its south magnetic
pole and the north-magnetized pole P1.
Further, if the power supply to the exciting
winding L2 via the power supply means J3 is effected
at or in the vicinity of the point of time when the
rotor R has ~ust turned clockwise more than 45 from
:~ .
32




:~ . . .. . . . .

' ', ~ : ' ' : . ,:

~365~


the first rotational position, then the magnetic

poles P3 and P4 of the magnetic member B2 will be
magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles at
that point of time. In this case, since the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 lie opposite the magnetic poles P3 and P4,
a clockwise rotating toxque is generated in the
double-pole permanent magnet M2 by virtue of
repulsive force between its north magnetic pole and
the north-magnetized pole P3 and between its south
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P4.
As a result of this, the rotor R turns
- clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 90 from the first state,
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole

permanent magnet M1 turn into opposing relation to
the ends b of the magnetic poles P2 and P1 of the
magnetic member B1 now magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles, and so no rotating torque is
developed in the double-pole permanent magnet M1, or

even if produced, it is only a small clockwise
rotating torque. However, since the north and south
magnetic poles o~ the double-pole permanent magnet M2
are opposite the ends a o the magnetic poles P3 and

'

; 33
'
. .


. .. . .

, - . : ., ,: : . , . ., : ::: :
, . ~ ~ . , ., , . : ,

~LZ8~S~ -

P4 now magnetized with the north and south magnetic
poles, there is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 a large clockwise rotating torque owing to
repulsive force between its north magnetic pole and
the north-magnetized pole P3 and between its south
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P4. In
consequence, a clockwise rotating torque is produced
in the rotor ~, turning it clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns cloc~wise and if it
further rotates in excess of 135 from the aforesaid
first rotational position, the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1
turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P2
and P1 of the magnetic member B1 now magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles, so that no
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1, or even if generated, it is only
a small counterclockwise rotating torque. ~owever,
since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M2 approach the magnetic
poles P4 and P3 now magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles, respectively, a large clockwise
rotating tor~ue is generated in the double-pole
permanent magnet M2 by virtue of attractive force
between its north magnetic pole and the south-

34
,

, :


. ~ . . , . . - ~ .. .. .


,
: . .. , . :

~ILX865(11~


magnetized pole P4 and between its south magnetic
pole and the north-magnetized pole P3. As a result
of this, the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise if it
further rotates in excess of 180D from the first
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet ~2 turn
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4 and
P3 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, so that no rotating
torque is developed in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2, or even if producedl it is only a small
clockwise rotating torque. However, since the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet M1 are out of opposing relation to the ~-
magnetic poles P2 and P1 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, there is produced in ;~
the double-pole permanent magnet M1 a large rotating
torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
clockwise in excess of 180 from the first state.
Therefore, the rotor R does not turn clockwise in
excess of 180b from the first rotational position.
The above description has been given o~ the case
where the power supply to the exciting winding L1 via
the power supply means J1 takes place a little

~
, :
'




,,
.

~ ' . : ' . , . . . : , ,

~L~865i0~)


earlier than the power supply to the exciting winding
L2 via the power supply means J3, but in the opposite
case the rotor R turns by 180 from the first
rotational position in the counterclockwise direction
reverse from that in the above, though not described
in detail.
For the reason given above, when supplyiny power
to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power
supply ~eans J1 and J3 in the state in which
the display element E assumes the aforesaid first
state, the display element E is switched to and held
in the third state.
Now, let it ~e assumed that the rotor R of the
motor mechanism lies at the fourth rotational
position, with the display element E in the ourth
state in which the display surface F4 o the display
surace member D aces to the ront. In such a
ourth state of the display element E, even i power
is supplied via the power supply means ~2 to the
exciting winding L1 of stator S of the motor
mechanism Q and to the exciting winding L2 via the
power supply means J3 for a very short time at about
the same time, as shown in Fig. 6, the display
element E will remain in the fourth state.
The reason for this is as follows:

36




~ . . .
,', ~ ' '~' ' - ' - . '-' '
.

~36S~


By the power supply to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means J2, the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
south and north magnetic poles to produce a small
clockwise rotating torque in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M1, urging the rotor R to
rotate clockwise. By the power supply to the
exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J3,
however, the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the magnetic
member B2 are magnetized with north and south
magnetic poles to produce a small cQunterclockwise
rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet
member M2, urging the rotor R to rotate
counterclockwise. Accordingly, there develops in the
rotor R no rotating torque,oronly a small clockwise
or counterclockwise rotating torque. In a case where
the small clockwise rotating torque is produced in
the rotor R, the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet member M1 remain in
the opposing relation to the magnetic poles P1 and P2
of the magnetic member Bl now magnetized as the south
and north magnetic poles; so that there does not
develop in the double-pole permanent magnet member M1
a rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from
rotating clockwise. However, since the north and
, :'
37
.:
''


-: ~ . . . - , , . ~: . , - -
' . ' ' ~. ,, , :' ~'.:. , ` ,-. . . .
, ' . ., . ' ,,, :.' . ~'
. . . . . . .

s~

south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magne-t member M2 turn out of the opposing relation to
the magnetic poles P4 and P3 of the magnetic member
B2 now magnetized as the south and north magnetic
poles, there is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet member M2 a rotating torque which prevents
clockwise rotational movement of the rotor R.
Further, in a case where the above-said small
counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the
rotor R, the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet member M2 do not turn
out of the opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4
and P3 magnetized as the south and north magnetic
poles, so that there does not develop in the double-
pole permanent magnet member M2 a rotating torque
lS which prevents the rotor R from rotating
counterclockwise. In this instance, however, since
the north and south magnetic poles of the doubIe-pole
permanent magnet member M1 get out of the opposing
relation to the magnetic poles P1 and P2 magnetized
as the south and north magnetic poles, there is
created in the double-pole permanent magnet member M1
a rotating torque which prevents the counterclockwise
rotational movement of the rotor R.
For the reason given above, even i~ power is


.


., ',


. . : ~ .: . : ,: .

365~


supplied to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the
power supply means J2 and J3 when the display element
E is in the fourth state, the display element E will
remains in that state.
When the display element E is in the fourth
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
means J2 to the excitiny winding L1 and to the
exciting windiny L2 via the power supply means J4
for a very short time at about the same time, as
shown in Fig. 9, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q
will assume the afore-mentioned first rotational
positicn, where the display element E is switched to
and retained in the first state in which its display
surface F1 faces front~
The reason for this is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means J2, the magnetic poLes P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles. In this case,
since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet member M1 are opposite
the ends b of the magnetic poles P1 and P2, no
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M1 and, even i~ produced~ it
; is only a small clockwise rotating torque. By the

39


., . . - . ~ , -

s~

power supply to the exciting winding L2 via the power
supply means J4, however, the magnetic poles P3 and
P4 of the magnetic member B2 are magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, In this case, since
the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet ~2 lie opposite to the ends a of the
magnetic poles P3 and P4, a large clockwise rotating
torque is created in the double-pole permanent magnet
M2 o~ing to repulsive forces between its north
magnetic pole and the north-magnetized pole P4 and
bet~een its south magnetic pole and the south-
magnetized pole P3. In cons~quence, a clockwise
rotating torque is produced in the rotor ~, turning
it clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 45 from the fourth
state, since the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet M1 turn into
opposing relation to the magnetic poles P1 and P2 of
the magnetic member B1 now magnetized with the south
and north magnetic poles, no rotating torque is
yielded in the double-pole permanent magnet M1, or
even if generated, it is only a small
countercloc~wise rotating torque. However, since the
north and south magnetic poles o~ the double-pole

. .

;
~: '




.. : , ' ' ' ~ ' ,. "

~L286SO~

permanent magnet M2 approach the magnetic poles P3
and P4 now magnetized with the south and north
magnetic poles, a large clockwise rotating torque is
generated in the double-pole permanent magnet M2 by
virtue of attractive forces between its north magne-
tic pole and the south-magnetized pole P3 and between
its south magnetic pole and the north-magneti~ed pole
P4. As a result of this, the rotor R turns
clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 90~ from the fourth
state, the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M2 turn into opposing
relation to the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the ~:
magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the south and
lS north magnetic poles, no rotating torque is developed :
in the double-pole permanent magnet M2, or even if
produced, it is only a small clockwise rotating
torque. However, since the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1 stay out
of opposing relation to the magnetic poles P1 and P2
now magnetized with the south and north magnetic
poles, there is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet M1 a large rotating torque which prevents the
rotor R from rotating clockwise in excess of 90 ~rom

,
41


: ,'


'' " ` ~ :', '.' ~ '' ' ','' .. ,' ` ''' '. ` ` " ``
'' : ~ . ~ ~ ' ' .: `

~.~8~SC~)


the fourth state. Therefore, the rotor R does not
turn clockwise in excess of 90 from the fourth state.
For the reason given above, when supplying pGwer
to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power
supply means J2 and J4 in the state in which the
display element E assumes the fourth state, the
display element E is switched to and held in the
first state.
When the display element E is in the fourth
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
means J1 to the exciting winding L1 and to the
exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J4 for
a very short time at about the same time, as shown
in Fig~10, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q will
assume the second rotational position, where the
display element E is switched to and held in the
second state in which its display surface F2 faces
front.
The reason for this is as follows:
Let it be assumed that power is supplied first
to the exciting winding ~1 via the power supply means
J1 and then to the exciting winding I,2 via the power
supply means J4 after a little while.
; In such a case, the power supply to the exciting
~ winding L1 via the power supply means J1 magnetizes
'
~ 42
i




.v .:: -. - - - - ,, . . : . ,


~ . :
:' : '
.' ~: . - ,
.

128~5~

the magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic member
Eil with the north and south magnetic poles. In this
case, since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 lie opposite the ends
b of the magnetic poles P1 and P2, a large
counterclockwise rotating torque is proc1uced in the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 by repulsive forces
between its north magnetic pole and the north-
magnetized pole P1 and between its south magnetic
pole and the south-magnetized pole P20 In
consequence, a counterclockwise rotating torque
occurs in the rotor R, driving the rotor R
counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further, rotates in excess of 45from the
fourth rotational position, the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1
approach the magnetic poles P2 and P1 now magnetized
with the south and north magnetic poles. This
develops a large counterclockwise rotating torque in
; 20 the double-pole permanent magnet M1 by virtue of
attraction between its north magnetic pole and the
south-magnetized pole P2 and between its south
magnetic pole and the north-magnetized pole P1~
Further, if power is supplied to the exciting




, . . :

s~

winding L2 via the power supply means J4 at exactly
or substantially the same instant when the rotor R
has just turned counterclockwise more than 45 from
the fourth rotational position, then the magnetic
poles P4 and P3 of the magnetic member B2 will be
magnetized with the north and south magnetic poles
immediately. In this case, the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2
lie in opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4 and
P3, generating a counterclockwise rotating torque in
the double-pole permanent magnet M2 by virtue of
repulsive force between its north magnetic pole and
the north-magnetized pole P4 and between its south
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P3. As a
result of this, the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if lt further turns in excess of 90 from the fourth
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member M1
enter into opposing relation to the ends a of the
magnetic poles P2 and P1 of the magnetic member B1
now magnetlzed with the south and north magnetic
poles, so that no rotating torque is created in the
double-pole permanent maynet member M1, or even if
generated, it is only a small counterclockwise

44

.: ,



~ .' ~ '` . ' ' ' ' ', `

': ... ~ ' , ' ' . ' , ' ' . : . . . :
: ' ', . ' . , , , '. ,. ' . ' ' ' :
. . ' `: ., ' . ~ . '

~L2~3~iS~

torque. In -this instance, however, since the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M2 are opposite the ends b of the
magnetic poles P4 and P3 of the magnetic member B2
now magnetized with north and south magnetic poles, a
large counterclockwise rotating torque is yielded in
the double-pole permanent magnet member M2 by
repulsion between its north magnetic pole and the
north-magnetized pole P4 and between its south
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P3. On
this account, a large counterclockwise torque
develops in the rotor R, turning it counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates in excess of 135 from the
fourth rotational position, the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent maynet M1
~ enter into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P2
; and P1 of the magnetic member B1 now maynetized with
the south and north magnetic poles, and so no
rotating torque is developed in the double-pole
~0 permanent magnet M1, or even if produced, it is only
a small clockwise rotating torque. However, since
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet M2 approach the magnetic po~es P3
and P4 now magnetized with the south and north


':

' '

'



: , : .. . . ..
: -. - . : :, . .
, ; , ' .: , ,
. : , : ,

~X8~50~)

magnetic poles, a large counterclockwise rotating
-torque is generated i.n the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 by virtue of attractive force between its
north magnetic pole of the double-pole and the south
magnetized pole P3 and between its south magnetic
pole and the north-magnetized pole P4. As a result
of this, the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates in excess of 180 from the
fourth rotational position, the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2
turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P3
and P4 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles, and so, no
rotating torque is developed in the double-pole
permanent magnet M2, or even if produced, it is only
a small counterclockwise rotating torque. However,
since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 do not face the

~ magnetic poles P2 and P1 now magnetized with the
; 20 south and north maqnetic poles, there is produced in

the double-pole permanent magnet M1 a large rotating
torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
counterclockwise in excess of 180 from the first
state. There~ore, the rotor R does not turn



46




.

1~8650~

counterclockwise in excess of 180 from the first
rotational position.
The above description has been given of the case
where power is supplied first to the exciting winding
L1 via the power supply means Jl and then power is
suppiied to the exciting winding L2 via the power
supply means J4 a little a~ter the above power
supply, but in the opposite case, the rotor R turns
by 180 from the fourth rotational position in the
clockwise direction reverse from that in the above,
though not described in detail.
For the reason given above, when supplying power
to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power
supply means Jl and J4 in the state in which the
display element E assumes the said fourth state, the
display element E is switched to and is held in the
second state.
When the display element E is in the ourth
state, if power is supplied to the exciting winding
L~ via the power supply means J1 and to the exciting
winding L2 via the power supply means J3 for a very
short time at about the same time~as shown in F'ig.
11, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q will assume
the third rotational position, where the display
element E i~ switched to and held in the third state

47
.




.: . .. . ~ .
: ., .: : :

~365~3

in which its display surface F3 faces front.
The reason for this is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding L2
via the power supply means J3, the magnetic poles P3
and P4 of the magnetic member B2 are magnetized with
the north and south magnetic poles. In this case,
however since the south and north magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet member M2 are
opposite the ends a of the magnetic poles P3 and P4,
no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2, or even if produced, it
is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque. By
~he power supply to the exciting winding L1 via the
power supply means J1, however, the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
the north and south magnetic poles. In this case, :
since the north and magnetic poles of the double-pole
; permanent magnet M1 lie opposite the ends b of the
magneti.c poles P1 and P2, a large counterclockw.ise
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 by repulsive force between its
north magnetic pole and the north-magnetiæed pole P1
and between its south magnetic pole and the-south
magnetized pole P2. In consequence, a counter-
clockwise rotating korque is produced in the rotor R,

48
.
, - ~ .
:', ~ . .




.~ . . . .
., ., - ~ : '

~8~


urging the rotor R to turn counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates in excess of 45 from the fourth
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2 enter
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4 and
P3 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, and hence no
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M2,or even if generated,it is only
a small clockwise rotating torque. However, since
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 approach the magnetic poles P2
and P1 now magnetized with the south and north
magnetic poles, a large counterclockwise rotating
torque is generated in the double-pole permanent
magnet M1 by virtue of attractive force between its
north magnetlc pole and the south-magnetized pole P2
and between its south magnetic pole and the north-
magnetized pole P1. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates counterclockwise in excess of
90 from the fourth rotational position, the north and
south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent

49


::




.

s~


magnet M1 turn into opposing relation to the magnetic
poles P2 and P1 of the magnetic member B1 now
magnetized with the south and nor~h magnetic poles,
so that no rotating torque is developed in the
double-pole permanent magnet M1, or even if produced,
it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.
However, since the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet M2 turn out of
opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4 and P3 now
magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles,
there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet
M2 a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R
from rotating counterclockwise in excess of 90 from
the fourth rotational position. Therefore, the rotor
R does not turn counterclockwise in excess of 90
from the fourth rotational position.
For the reason given above, when supplying power
to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power
supply means J1 and J3 in the state in which the
display element E assumes the fourth state, the
display element E is switched to and held in the
third state.
Now, let it be assumed that the rotor R of the
motor mechanism lies at the second rotational
position where the display element E is in the second
,.~




. .,
- , . . ~ . :, ... -. ~ .
- . . . . .
: . . ~ , .,. ,;
'' . '' ~ ~ ' ' ':' ' -

~L28~500


state in which the display surface F2 of the display
surface member D faces to the front. In such a
second state of the display element E, even if power
is supplied via the power supply means J1 to the
exciting winding L1 of the stator S of the motor
mechanism Q and to the exciting winding L2 via the
power supply means J4 for a very short time at about
the same time, as shown in Fig~ 7, the display
element E will remain in the second state.
The reason for this is as follows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means J1, the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
the north and south magnetic poles to produce a small
lS clockwise rotating torque in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M1, urging the rotor R to
rotate clockwise. By the power supply to the
exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J4,
however, the magnetic poles P3 and P4 o~ the magnetic
member B2 are magnetized with the south and north
magnetic poles to produce a small counterclockwise
rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet
member M2, urging the rotor R to rotate
counterclockwise. Accordingly, there develops in the
rotor R no rotating torque, or only a small
' '

''

~: '

. . .

:: : , . : . . . ~ . ,. .: -,

~: '' `; ' ' ' '. . : , ' ' ."

36~

counterclockwise or clockwise rotating torque. In a
case where the small clockwise rotating torque is
produced in the rotor R, the south and north magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet member M1
remain in the opposing relation to the magnetic poles
P1 and P2 of the magnetic member B1 now magnetiæed
with the north and south magnetic poles, so that
there does not develop in the double-pole permanent
magnet member M1 a rotating torque which prevents the
rotor R from rotating clockwise. However, since t:he
north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2 turn out of the opposing
relation to the magnetic poles P3 and P4 of the
magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles there is produced in the double-
pole permanent magnet member M2 a rotating torque
which prevents clockwise rotational movement of the
rotor R. Further, in a case where the above-said
small counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in
the rotor R, the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet member M2 do no
turn out of the opposing relation to the magnetic
poles P3 and P4 magrletized with the south and north
magnetic po}es, so that there does not develop in the
double-pole permanent magnet member M2 a rotating

52
'
.




- . : ., : . .
. . .
: ' . ' '' . ' ' ' ' '

128~

torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
counterclockwise. However, since the north and south
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet
member M1 get out of the opposing relation to the
magnetic poles P2 and Pl magnetized with the south
and north magnetic poles, there is produced in the
double-pole permanent magnet member M1 a rotating
torque which prevents the counterclockwise rotational
movement of the rotor R.
For the reason given above, even if power is
supplied to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the
power supply means J1 and J4 when the display element
E is in the second state, the display element E will
remain in that state.
When the display element E is in the second
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
`~ means J2 to the exciting winding L1 and to the
exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J4 for
a very short time at about the same time, as shown
in Fig.12, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q will
assume the first rotational position, where the
display element E is switched to the first state in
which its display surface Fl faces front, thereafter
being held in that state.
The reason for this is as follows:



.



.,, , : , : ~ . .

: . '; .. ' . ~ . .: .
. , . , : - ~ .
:

~2~3~i5(~

By the power supply to the exciting winding L2
via the power supply means J4, the magnetic poles P3
and P4 of the magnetic member B2 are magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles. In this case,
however, since the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet membe} M2 are
opposite the ends a of the magnetic poles P3 and P4,
no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2, or even if produced, it
is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque. By
the power supply to the exciting winding L1 via the
power supply means J2, however~ the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles. In this case,
since the south and north magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 lie opposite the ends
b of the magnetic poles P1 and P2, a large
counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 by repulsive force
between its north magnetic pole and the north
magnetized pole P2 and between its south magnetic
pole and the south-magnetized pole P1. In
consequence, a counterclockwise rotating torque is
produced in the rotor R, driving the rotor R
counterclockwise.

'
54




', , ~ ~, ' ' ` '. :

~2~3~S0()


When the rotor R thus turns countercloc~wise and
if it further rotates in excess of 45 from the second
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2 enter
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P3 and
P4 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, and hence no rotating
torque is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet ~2, or even if generated, it is only a small
clockwise rotating torque. However, since the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet M1 approach the magnetic poles P1 and P2 now
magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles, a
large counterclockwise rotating torque is generated
in the double-pole permanent magnet M1 by virtue of
attractive force between its north magnetic pole and
the south-magnetized pole P1 and between its south
magnetic pole and the north-magnetized pole P2. As a
result of this, the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates counterclockwise in excess of
90 from the second rotational position, the north and
south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet M1 turn into opposing relation to the magnetlc
poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic member B1 now


~ .
,~ ,
~'

:.. : . ~ . . ..
.
. . . .
: ,

, ~' . ' ' ' ' '' '''

5~

mayneti~ed with the south and north magnetic poles,
and so no rotating torque is de~eloped in the double-
pole permanent magnet M1, or even if produced, it is
only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.
However, since the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet M2 are out of ~-
opposing relation to the magnetic poles P3 and P4 now
magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles,
there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet
M2 a large rotating tor~ue which prevents the rotor R
fxom rotating counterclockwise in excess of 90 from
the second rotational position. Therefore, the rotor
R does not turn counterclockwise in excess of 90 from
the second rotational position.
For the reason given above, when supplying power
to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power
supply ~eans J2 and J4 in the state in which the
display element E assumes the aforesaid second state,
the display element E is switched to and held in the
first state.
When the display element E is in the second
state, i~ power is supplied via the power supply
means J2 to the exciting winding L1 and to the
exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J3 for
a very short time at about the same time, as shown in

56


: '
~ ~: ., . . . - .. - . . .


' . ~ : , `, ' ' ' ~ , . . .

, ~ ..
: ~ , .. . .

~36~ 3

Fig. 13, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q will
assume the fourth rotational position, where the
display element E is switched to the state in which
its display surface F4 faces front, thereafter being
held in that state.
The reason for this is as follows:
Let it be assumed that power is supplied to the
exciting winding L1 via the power supyly means J2 and
then to the exciting winding L2 via the power supply
means J3 a little after the start of the formerpower
supply.
In such a case, by the power supply to the
exciting winding L1 via the power supply means J2,
the magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic member
: 15 B1 are magnetized with the south and north magnetic
poles. In this casel the south and north and
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1
lie opposite to the ends b of the magnetic poles P1
and P2, a large counterclockwise rotating torque is
produced in the double-pole permanent magnet M1 by
repulsive force between its north magnetic pole and
the north-magnetized pole P2 and between its south
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P1. In
consequence, a counterclockwise rotating torque is
produced in the rotor R, driving the rotor R




.
, , . ~; , :
- ~

3651~D

counterclockwise. :
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates in excess of 45~from the second
state, the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 approach the magnetic
poles P1 and P2 now magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles, and so a large counterclockwise
rotating torque is generated in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 by virtue of attractive force
between its north magnetic pole and the south
magnetized pole P1 and between its south magnetic
; pole and the north magneti~ed pole P2.
Further, if power is supplied to the excitlng
winding L2 via the power supply means J3 at exactly
: 15 or nearly the same instant when the rotor R has just ~ .
turned counterclockwise more than 45from the second
rotational position, then the magnetic poles P3 and
-; P4 of the magnetic member B2 will be magnetized with
the north and magnetic poles immediately. In this
case, since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M2 lie in opposi.ng
relation to the magnetic poles P3 and P4, a large
counterclockwise rotating torque is generated in the
double-pole permanent magnet M2 by virtue of
`~ 25 repulsive force between its north magnetic pole and
,:
58

.


- . . . ~ . .


, , - , :, - : .

~2~3~i'5~


the north magnetized pole P3 and between its south
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P4. As a
result of this, the rotor R turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates in excess of 90~ from the
second rotational position, the north and south
magnetic poles o~ the double-pole permanent magnet M1
turn into opposing relation to the ends a of the
magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic member B1
now magnetized with the south and north magnetic
poles, and so no rotating torque is developed in the
double-pole permanent magnet M1, or even if produced,
it is only a small counterclockwise rotating torque.
However, since the north and south magnetic poles o
the double-pole permanent magnet M2 are in opposing
relation to the ends b of the magnetic poles P3 and
P4 now magnetized with the north and south magnetic
poles, there is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 a large counterclockwise rotating torque by
a repulsive force between its north magnetic pole and
the north-magnetized pole P3 and between its south
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P4. In
consequence, a counterclockwise rotating torque is
: produced in the rotor R, driving the rotor R
counterclockwise.

, .
59

:


; ' ' ' ' ' ' . ' ~ ':
'
'. ' . ~....... .

, . . ' , , ' ~ ' ' ' ' ' , ` ' " ' ~ ' ., ' ' '
, . ' ' ' ~ . , . . . ,~



When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates in excess of 135 from the
second rotational position, the north and south
magnetic poles of the dGuble-pole permanent magnet M1
enter into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 now magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles, and so no
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1, or even i~ generated, it is only
a small clockwise rotating torque. However, since ~-
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet M2 approach the magnetic poles P4
and P3 now magnetized with the south and north
magnetic poles, a large counterclockwise rotating
torque is generated in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 by virtue of attractive force between its
north magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P4
- and between its south magnetic pole and the north-
magnetized pole P3. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
;: iE it Eurther rotates in excess o~ 180 Erom the
second rotational position, the north and south
magnetic poles o~ the double-pole permanent magnet M2
2S turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4


, .



: : ~: ' - . . . . . . . .

' . ' : : ,; ' ' . '' ' ~ ' , ~ ' ' " , ' '

~2~5~


and P3 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles, and so no
rotating torque is developed in the double-pole
permanent magnet M2, or even if produced, it is only
a small counterclockwise rotating torque. However,
since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 are not opposite the
magnetic poles P1 and P2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, there is produced in
the double-pole permanent magnet M1 a large rotating
torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
counterclockwise in excess of 180 from the second
state. Therefore, the rotor R does not turn
counterclockwise in excess of 180 from the second
rotational position.
The above description has been given of the case
where power is supplied first to the exciting winding
L1 via the power supply means J2 and then power is
supplied to the exciting winding L2 via the po~er
supply means J3 a little after the former power
supply, but in the opposite case the rotor R tuxns
by 180 from the first rotational position in the
clockwise direction reverse from that in the above,
though not described in detail.
For the reason given above, when supplying power

61



- . :

.~ .
:, ~
.. . .
.
: . . .

s~

to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power
supply means J2 and J3 in the state in which the
display element E assumes the aforesaid second state,
the display element E is switched to and held in the
fourth state.
When the display element E is in the second
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
means Jl to the exciting winding L1 and to the
exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J3 for
a very short time at about the dame time, as shown
in Fig.14, the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q will ~-
assume the third rotational position, where the
display element E is switched to the third state in
which its display surface F3 faces front, thereafter
being held in that state.
The reason for this is as follows: ~-
By the power supply to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means ~1, the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
the north and south magnetic poles. In this case,
However, since the south and north magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet member M1 are
opposite the ends b of the magnetic poles P1 and P2,
no rotating torque is produced in the dollble-pole
permanent magnet member M1 and, even if produced, it

, .
62
:
. .

, . : . . .. .. :- .. ,....... , ~ :



. ~, : . : , . . . : . .
. ~ ,
. . ~ . ' '. ' . . .~., ' ' . '' ' ' ' '

~28~5(~0


is only a small clockwise rotating torque. By the
power supply to the exciting winding ~2 via the power
supply means J3, however, the magnetic poles P3 and
P4 of the magnetic member B2 are magnetized with the
north and south magnetic poles. In this case, since
the north and magnetic poles oE the double-pole
permanent magnet M2 lie opposite to the endsa of the
magnetic poles P3 and P4, a large clockwise rotating
torque is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 by repulsive force between its north
magnetic pole and the north magnetized pole P3 and
between its south magnetic pole and the south-
magnetized pole P4. In consequence, a clockwise
rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, driving
the rotor R clockwise.
~Ihen the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 45~ from the second
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
; poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1 enter
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P2 and
Pl of the magnetic member B1 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, At this time, no
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1,or even if generated, itis only
a small counterclockwise rotating torque. However,

63
:`
:


. ~ . .
; ~ . . .
:: . . . -

.. : . , ,, :

o(~

since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M2 approach the magnetic
poles P4 and P3 now magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles, a large clockwise rotating
torque is generated in the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 by virtue of attractive force between its
north magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P4
and between its south magnetic pole and the north-
magnetized pole P3. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns clockwise.
~hen the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 90 from the second
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2
turn into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4
and P3 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with
the south and north magnetic poles. At this time, no
rotating torque is developed in the double-pole
permanent magnet M2, or even if produced, it is only
a small clockwise rotating torque. However, since
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 turn out of opposing relation to
the magnetic poles P2 and Pl now magnetized with the
south and north maynetic poles, there is produced in
the double-pole permanent magnet M1 a large rotating

64



,; . . :.


, , . ' . - , , ' "~ ' ' ''' ' ' ` '

~Z~365(~

torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
clockwise in excess of 90 from the second state.
Therefore, the rotor R does not turn clockwise in
excess of 90 from the second rotational position.
For the reason given above, when supplying power
to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power
supply means J1 and J3 in the state in which the
display elernent E assumes the aforesaid second state,
the display element E is switched to and held in the
third state.
No~, let it be assumed that the rotor R of the
motor mechanism lies at the third rotational
position, and consequently the display element E
is in the third state in which the display surface F3
of the display surface member D faces to the ~ront.
In such a third state of the display element E, even
if power is supplied via the power supply means J1 to
the exciting winding L1 of the stator S of the motor
mechanism Q and to the exciting winding L2 via the
power supply means J3 for a very short time a little
before or after each other, as sho~n in Fig. 8, the
display element E will remain in the third state.
The reason of this i9 as foliows:
By the power supply to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means J1, the magnetic poles P1



~365~0

and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
; the north and south magnetic poles, to produce a
small counterclockwise rotating torque in the double-
pole permanent magnet member M1, urging the rotor R
to rotate counterclockwise. By the power supply to
the exciting winding L2 via the power supply means
J3, however, the magnetic poles P3 and P4 o~ the
magnetic member B2 are magnetized with the north and
south magnetic poles, to produce a small clockwise
rotating torque in the double-pole permanent magnet
member M2, urging the rotor R to rotate clockwise.
Accordingly, there develops in the rotor R no
rotating torque, or only a small counterclockwise or
clockwise rotating torque. In a case where the small
clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R,
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2 remain in the opposing
relation to the magnetic poles P4 and P3 of the
magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles, so that there does not develop
in the double-pole permanent magnet member M2 a
rotating torque which prevents the rotor R from
rotating clockwise. However, since the north and
south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M1 turn out of the ~pposing relation to

~ 66


.: ~




. . . ~ . . .

~36S~

the m~gnetic poles P2 and P1 of the magnetic member
B1 now magnetized with the south and north magnetic
poles, there is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet member M1 a rotating torque which prevents
clockwise rotational movement of the rotor R.
Further, in a case where the small counterclockwise
rotating torque is produced in the rotor R, the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet member M1 do not turn out of the opposing
relation to the magnetic poles P2 and P1 magnetized
with the south and north magnetic poles, so that
there does not develop in the double-poLe permanent
magnet rnember M1 a rotating torque which prevents the
rotor R from rotating counterclockwise. However
since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet member M2 get out of the
opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4 and P3 of
the magnetic member B2 magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles, there is produced in the
double-pole pexmanent magnet member M2 a rotating
torque which prevents the counterclockwise rotational
movement o~ the rotor R.
For the reason given above, even if power is
supplied to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the
power supply means J1 and J3 when the display elernent

67




:' ' ' ~ " : ,. . :' '
. .
.
,: ,: , .'

365()~


E is in the third state, the display element E will
remain in that state.
When the display element E is in the third
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
means J2 to the exciting winding L1 for a very short
time and power is supplied to the exciting winding L2
via the power supply means J4 for a very short time a
little before or after the start of the former power
supply, as shown in Fig. 15, the rotor R of the motor
mechanism Q will assume the first rotational
position, where the display element E is switched to
the state in which its display surface F1 to the
front, thereafter being held in that state.
The reason for this is as follows:
lS Let it be assumed that the power supply to the
exciting winding L1 ~ia the power supply means J2
slightly precedes the power supply to the exciting
winding L2 via the power supply means J4.
In such a case, by the power supply to the
exciting winding L1 via the power supply means J2,
the magnetic poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic mem~er
B1 are magnetized with the south and north magnetic
poles. In this case, since the south and north
magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1
lie opposite the ends a of the magnetic poles P1 and

. ~ .
` 68

'~


.~,, . ' . . . .
,
.
.: -
.~, . .. . .

~3650~

P2, a large clockwise rotating torque is produced in
the double-pole permanent magnet M1 by repulsion
between its north magnetic pole and the north-
magnetized pole P2 and repulsion hetween its south
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P1. In
consequence, a clockwise rotating torque is produced
in the rotor R, driving rotor R clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 45~ from the third
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
: poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1 approach
the magnetic poles P1 and P2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, a large clockwise
rotating torque is generated in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 by virtue of attraction between
its north magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole
P1 and attraction between its south magnetic pole and
the north-magnetized pole P2.
Further, if the afore-said power supply to the
;~ 20 exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J4 is
efected at or in the vicinity of the point of time
when the rotor R has just turned clockwise more than
4S ~rom the third rotational position, then t:he
magnetic pole.s P3 and P4 o the magnetic member B2
will be magnetized with the south and north magnetic
. . .
69


..... ~ . .. . , , . :

,~ ' ' ''" , ' ~' -' '. '" . ' `:,:.: '''

":', , ~' ' ' ~, ~, ' ', '` '
'~ ~ ' ' ' . ' ' ' ~ ' ' '

~Z~36500


poles immediately. In this case, since the south and
north magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet M2 lie in opposing relation to the magnetic
poles P3 and P4, a clockwise rotating torque is
generated in the double-pole permanent magnet M2 by
virtue of repulsion between its north magnetic pole
and the north magnetized pole P4 and repulsion
between its south magnetic pole and the south-
magnetized pole P3. As a result of this, the rotor R
turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 90 from the third
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet Ml turn
into opposing relation to the ends b of the magnetic
poles P1 and P2 of the magnetic member ~1 now
magnetized with the south and north magnetic poles.
Therefore, no rotating torque is developed in the
double-pole permanent magnet M1, or even if produced,
it is on}y a small clockwise rotating torque.
However, since the north and south magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magnet M2 come into
opposing relation to the ends a of khe magnetic poles
P4 and P3 now magnetized with the north and south
magnetic poles, there is produced in the double-pole




, .. . ,, . . ,...................... .:, : : .


' ' ~

5~

permanent magnet M2 a laxge clockwise rotating torque
by repulsion between its north magnetic pole and the
north magnetized pole P4 and repulsion between its
south magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole
P3. In consequence, a clockwise rotating torque is
produced in the rotor R, driving the rotor R
clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 135 from the third
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1 turn
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P1 and
P2 of the magnetic member B1 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles. Therefore no
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1,or even if generated,it is only
a small courlterclockwise rotating torque. However,
since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M2 approach the magnetic
poles P3 and P4 now magnetized with the south and
north magnetic poles, a large clockwise rotating
torque is generated in the double-pole permanent
magnet M~ by virtue of attraction between its north
magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P3 and
attraction between its south magnetic pole and the



71
:


~; . , , . . . :
, . . ~ ~ . . . . .
' ' ,' ',

. .
: . '' ' . - '

~8~5~(~


north-magnetized pole P4. As a result of thisr the
rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 180 from the third
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2 turn
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P3 and
P4 o~ the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles. Therefore, no
rotating torque is developed in the double-pole
permanent magnet M2, or even if produced, it is only
a small clockwise rotating torque. However, since
:: .
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 turn out of opposing relation to
the magnetic poles P1 and P2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, there is produced in
the double-pole permanent magnet M1 a large rotating
torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
clockwise in excess of 180 from the third rotational
position. Accordingly, the rotor R does not turn
clockwise in excess of 180 from the third state.
The above description has been given of the case
where the power supply to the exciting winding Ll via
the power supply means J2 slightly precedes the power
supply to the exciting winding L2 via the power

72

,
,:




. . . , , . :
.
.. . .~ . ~. : .
: . . ..

o


supply means J4. On the other hand, when the power
supply to the exciting winding L2 via the power
supply means J4 slightly precedes the power supply to
the exciting winding L1 via the power supply means
J2, the rotor R turns by 180 from the third
rotational position in the counterclockwise direction
reverse from that in the above, though not described
in detail.
For the reason given above, when supplying power
to the exciting windings L1 and L2 ~ia the power
supply means J2 and J~ in the state in which the
display element E assumes the third statQ, the
display element E is switched to and held in the
first state.
~hen the display element E is in the third
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
means J2 to the exciting winding L1 for a very short
time and power is supplied to the exciting winding L2
via the power supply means J3 for a very short time
a little before or after the start of the former
power supply, as shown in Fig.16, the rotor R of the
motor mechanism Q will assume the fourth rotational
position, by which the display element E is switched
to the ourth state in whlch its display surface F4
faces front, thereafter being held in that state.

73




~ ~ Z . - ,

.. . . .
.
,: ~, . .

365C)~)

The reason for this is as follows:
By the power supply to the axciting winding L2
via the power supply means J3, the magnetic poles P3
and P4 of the magnetic member B2 are magnetized with
the north and south magnetic poles. In this case,
however, since the south and north magnetic poles of
the double-pole permanent magl1et member ~2 are
opposite the ends b o~ the magnetic poles P3 and P4,
no rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M2, or even if produced, it
is only a small clockwise rotating torque. By the
power supply to the exciting winding L1 via the power
supply means J2, however, the magnetic poles P1 and
P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles. In this case, since
the south and north magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet M1 lie opposite to the ends a of the
magnetic poles P1 and P2, a large clockwise rotating
torque is produced in the double-pole permanent
magnet M1 by repulsive force between its noxth
magnetic pole and the north-magnetized pole P2 and
repulsive force between its south maynetic pole and
the south-magneti~ed pole P1. In consequence~ a
clockwise rotating torque is produced in the rotor R,
driving the rotor R clockwise.

74




. i .
::: , ,' '

~ , :
.

365~0


When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
further rotates in excess of 45 from the third
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2 enter
S into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P4 and
P3 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles. Therefore, no
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M2,or even if generated,it is only
a small counterclockwise rotating torque. However,
since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M1 approach the magnetic
poles P1 and P2 now magnetized with the south and
; north magnetic poles, a large clockwise rotating
torque is generated in the double-pole permanent
magnet M1 by virtue of attractive force between its
north magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P1
and attractive force between its south magnetic and
the north-magnetized pole P2. As a result of this,
the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns clockwise and if it
~urther rotates in excess o~ 90 from the third
rotational positlon, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1 turn
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P1 and


: '' .




, ~ : . ' ' : :::
.

.

~2~16SO~)

P2 of the magnetic member B1 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles. Therefore, no
rotating torque is developed in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1, or even if produced, it is only
a small clockwise rotating torque. However, since
the north and south magnetic poles of the double-pole
permanent magnet M2 turn out of opposing relation to
the magnetic poles P4 and P3 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles, there is produced in
the double-pole permanent magnet M2 a large rotating
torque which prevents the rotor R from rotating
clockwise in excess of 90~ from the third rotational
position. On this account, the rotor R does not turn
clockwise in excess of 90 from the third rotational
lS position.
For the reason given above, when supplying power
to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power
supply means J2 and J3 in the state in which the
display element E assumes the third state, the
display element E is switched to and held in the
fourth state.
; When the display element E is in the th;Lrd
state, if power is supplied via the power supply
means J1 to the exciting winding Ll for a very short
time and power is also supplied to the exciting


..
' -' '



winding L2 via the power supply means J4 for a very
short time a little before or after the start of the
former power supply, as shown in Fig. 17, the rotor R
of the motor mechanism Q will assume the second
rotational position, by which the d:isplay element E
is switched to the second state in which its display
surface F2 faces the front, thereafter being held in
the second state.
The reason for this is as follows-
8y the power supply to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means J1, the magnetic poles P1
and P2 of the magnetic member B1 are magnetized with
` the north and south magnetic poles. In this case,
however, since south and north magnetic poles of the
lS double-pole permanent magnet member M1 are opposite
to the ends a of the magnetic poles P1 and P2, no
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet member M1, or even if produced, it
is only a small counterclockwise .rotating torque. By
the power supply to the exciting winding L2 via the
power supply means ~4, however, the magnetic poles P3
and P4 o~ the magnetic member B2 are magnetized with
khe south and north magnetic poles. In this case,
since the south and north magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet M2 lie opposite to the

77


,
i.. ": .. , .. , ~. .. , . .. , ., .. . .. - , . . .



:., ' , ~, . ' ,, '' : ' '' ,
. . . . .

s~o

ends b of the magnetic poles P3 and P4, a large
counterclockwise rotating torque is produced in the
double-pole permanent magnet M2 by repulsive force
between its north magnetic pole and the north-
magnetized pole P4 and repulsive force between its
south magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P3~
In consequence, a counterclockwise rotating torque is
produced in the rotor X, driving the rotor R
counterclockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates in excess of 45 from the th:ird
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M1 turn
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P2 and
P1 of the magnetic member B1 now magnetized with the
south and north magnetic poles. Therefore, no
rotating torque is produced in the double-pole
permanent magnet M1,or even if generated, it i5 only
a small clockwise rotating torque. However, since
the north and south magnetic poles of the doubie-pole
permanent magnet M2 approach the magnetic poles P3
and P4 now magnetized with the south and north
magnetic poles, a large counterclockwise rotating
torque is generated in the doubLe-pole permanent
magnet M2 by virtue of attractive ~orce between its

78 ~.

:' ' ;




. ' ' . ' ' ' ' '' ' ' `
' ' . ' . '. :

36~

north magnetic pole and the south-magnetized pole P3
and attractive force between its south magnetic pole
and the north-magnetlzed pole P4. As a result of
this, the rotor R turns clockwise.
When the rotor R thus turns counterclockwise and
if it further rotates in excess of 90 from the third
rotational position, the north and south magnetic
poles of the double-pole permanent magnet M2 turn
into opposing relation to the magnetic poles P3 and
P4 of the magnetic member B2 now magnetized with the
south and norkh magnetic poles. Therefore, no
rotating torque is developed in the double-pole
permanent magnet M2, or even if produced, it is only
a small counterclockwise rotating torque. However,
since the north and south magnetic poles of the
double-pole permanent magnet ~1 turn out of opposing
relation to the magnetic poles P2 and Pl now mag-
netized with the south and north magnetic poles,
there is produced in the double-pole permanent magnet
M1 a large rotating torque which prevents the rotor R
from rotating counterclockwise in excess of 90 from
the third rotational posikion. On this account, the
rotor R does not turn counterclockwise in excess of
90 from the third rotational position.
For the reason given above, when supplying power

79

~ ~ .




.~ '" : , :

o~


to the exciting windings L1 and L2 via the power
supply means J1 and J4 in the state in which the
display element E assumes the aforesaid third statP,
the display element E is switched to and held in the
second state.
As will be appreciated from the foregoing
description, accordlng to the present invention, the
display surfaces F1, F4, F2 and F3 of the display
surface member D constituting the display element E
can selectively be directed to the front by simply
selecting operations of:
; (i) Supplying power to the exciting winding L1
of the stator S of the motor mechanism Q of the
display element E via the power supply means J2
; 15 fo.rming the drive device G, and supplying power to
the exciting winding L2 of the stator S of the motor
; mechanism Q via the power supply means J4 of the
drive device G a little before or after the above
power supply;
(ii) Supplying power to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means J2, and supplying power to
the exciting win~ing L2 via the power supply means J3
of the drive device G a little before or after the
above power supply;
2S (iii) Supplying power to the exciting winding L1



,.



. , .. , , . , ~ , ` , '

:,. '. . ' ' ',
' ' ' ' . ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' '' , ' ' , ' ' ' ' ` ' ' '
. . . . . . .

5~0

via the power supply means J1, and supplying power to
the exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J4
a little before or after the above power supply; and
(iv) Supplying power to the exciting winding L1
via the power supply means J1, and supplying power to
the exciting winding L2 via the power supply means J3
a little before or after the above power supply.
In the case where one of the display surfaces
Fl, F2, F3 and F4 of the display surface member D is
selected to face to the front, even iE the power
supply to the exciting windings L1 and L2 of the
stator S of the motor mechanism Q is OFF, the no:cth
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
;~ magnet members M1 and M2 of the rotor R of the motor
mechanism Q act on the magnetic poles P1 and P2 of
the magnetic member B1 and the magnetic poles P3 and
P4 of the magnetic member B2 of the stator S of the
motor mechanism Q. Accordingly, the selected display
surface can be retained in position, without the
necessity of providing any particular means therefor.
Further, no power consumption is involved therefor.
Since the motor mechanism Q for turning t:he.
display surface member D is incorporated therein, a
drive mechanism for turning the display surface
member D need not be provided separately of the

81

,
, ~.


. , . . - . . ~

,,. . . .. ~ : .. ,

~; ~ : . : . . : , .
.. .. .
:

~a6s~0

display element E.
The means for selecting a desired one of the
display surfaces F1, F2, F3 and F4 of the display
surface ~ember D of the display element E is very
simple because it is formed by the power supply means
Jl and J2 for the exciting winding L1 of the stator S
of the motor mechanism Q and the power supply ~eans
J3 and J4 for the exciting winding L2 of the stator
S.
The double-pole permanent magnet members M1 and
M2 of the rotor R of the motor mechanism Q are each
formed by a bar- or plate-like member which is of
narrow rectangular cross section in the direction
perpendicular to the axis of the otary shaft 11 and
magnetized with north and south magnetic poles at its
both free end faces spaced an angular distance of 180
apart around the axis of the rotary shaft 11.
Therefore, the effective angular ranges of the north
and south magnetic poles of the double-pole permanent
magnet members ~1 and M2 around the rotary shaft 11
are effectively limited by their bar- or plate-like
configurations. Accordingly, a desired one of the
display surfaces F1, F2, F3 and F4 of the display
element E can be selected rapidly and smoothly, and
an error in positioning the selected display surface

.
~ 82

:: ,

.



.
. . . - , ~ . ~ ,

. ' ' ' ' ' .

~6~ii()~

can be effectively eliminated.
The foregoing description should be construed as
being merely illustrative of the display unit
employing the rotating display element of the present
invention and should not be construed as limiting
the invention specifically thereto.
For example, the double-pole permanent magnet
members M1 and M2 of the rotor R of the motor
mechanism Q can be formed as if constituted by a
single double-pole permanent magnet member in which
its portions divided into two in its axial direction
serve as the double-pole permanent magnet members M1
and ~2, although no detailed description will be
given (In this case, afore-mentioned angle ~ is 0 ).
With such an arrangement, too, the same operational
effects as those described previously can be
obtained, though not described in detail.
While in the above the bar- or plate-like
members, which form the double-pole permanent magnet
members M1 and M2 and limit the effective angular
ranged of their north and south magnetic poles, are
o~ narrow rectangular cross section and the widths of
their end faces are less than 45 around the axis of
the rotary shaft 11, these width may be any value so
long as they are smaller than 45 , although it is

83
: .


preferable that they are relatively small within the
angular range of less than 45 ~
While the foregoing description has been given
of the case where the rotor R is a so-called inner
rotor type, it will be seen that the rotor can be
formed as an outer rotor type. Moreover, the rotor
may also be substituted with the stator, in which
case the latter may be substituted with the former.
By assembling a number of display units of the
present invention a panel which has many display
elements arranged in a matrix form on a common flat
or curved surface, a plurality of display surfaces of
the many display elements can selectively be directed
to the front, making it possible to display letters,
symbols, graphic forms, patterns and so forth on the
panel. Accordingly, the present invention can be
applied, for example, to an advertising panel, a
traffic sign board and the like~
Various other modifications and vaxiations may
be effected without departing from the scope of the
spirits of the present invention.




84




.
: ~ .. . .. . .
.
~ ~, ~ , . ' ' .
.
, :~ ~, . , . ., - : ,

Representative Drawing