Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Titl oE the Invention_ETHOD ~OR CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING, BUILDING AND JOINT
APPARATUS FOR CONSTRUCTION MEMBERS
Background of the Invention
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a novel joint apparatus
for construction members in use for a simple building of a
wooden house or a concrete steel building, a building
fabricated by using this apparatus and a construction method
using this apparatus. More particularly, the present
invention relates to a joint apparatus comprising a joint
member formed of a metal or the like, which makes it possible
to assemble mass-produced construction members of a certain
standard very easily at a construction field, a construction
which makes it possible to easily fabricate a simple
building by using this joint apparatus and standarized
construction members, and a method for construction of this
simple building.
2. Description of the Prior Art
As the conventional method for construction of a
building, there are known a frame work method and a built-up
wall method.
The former method is called "skeleton skin method" or
"post & beam work method" and is a construction method using
posts and beams as main members.
The latter method is called "two-by-four work method" or
"pLatform frame work method" and according to this method, a
building is constructed by attaching a wall member, which is
formed by clamping a construction plywood or the like to a
wall frame assembled by frame members, to a floor formed by
clamping a construction plywood or a surface member having a
performance comparable or superior to that of a construction
plywood to a floor frame assembled by sleepers.
The differences between these methods will now be
described while comparing them wlth each other. In the first
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place, the space is constructed by "axes (lines)" in tlle
former method and by ~plates (faces)~ in the latter metilod,
and the structure for imparting a rigidity to a floor
surface, a wall surEace and the like consists of "angle
braces and diagonal braces" in the former method and
"construction plywoods" in tlle latter method. Used timbers
are "long timbers having a large section, mainly a square
section (through posts)" in t~le former metllod and "short
timbers having mainly a small section" in tl~e latter metllod.
the working process comprises "continuous fabrication of
f~irst floor and second, floor axes, platforms and small
chambers" in the former method and "first floor platform
~ first floor wall ~ second floor platform ~ second floor
wall ~ small chambers (stepwise operation)" in the latter
method.
Itowever, these conventional construction methods involve
pro~lems as described below.
Namely, in the conventional frame work method, the space
is mainly constructed by axes and through posts are used.
~ccordingly, the operation requires much labor and the
material cost is increased. Furthermore, since the structure
imparting a rigidity to floor faces and wall faces is
constructed by angle braces and diagonal braces, the
structure becomes complicated and the operation requires time
and labor. Especially, since a core wall structure is formed,
a ~oundation should be made and the operation requires much
more time and labor.
In the built-up wall metllod, the space is mainly
constructed by faces and angle braces or diagonal braces need
not be used. ~owever, this method is inferior to the frame
work method in the strength. Furthermore, the operation of
assembling wall frames on a floor (operation platform) and
raising up the assembled wall frames is necessary and this
operation requires much time and labor.
In the operatlon of constructing a building such as a
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wooden house, after formation of a foundation, c~nstruction
members such as timbers are skillfully cut and notched and
they are skillfully assembled and coupled according to the
structure dynamics, and rnain coupling portions of the
construction members are secured by bolts or the like. In the
conventioal methods, however, high technique and skill are
required for coupling the construction members, and the
operation efficiency is low, economical utilization of
construction members is not attained, the strength of the
coupled portion is poor and the construction term is long. As
the result, the construction cost is increased.
In recently developed, so-called prefabricated
buildings, the above-mentioned economical problem is
tentatively solved by mass production, but the durability and
strength (especially the strength of the coupled portion) are
poor and the diversity is insufficient. Furthermore, a
prefabricated building becomes wretched with the lapse of
time after construction and even if the prefabricated
building is used for many years, calmness or massiveness is
not imparted to the building.
Under this background, we made research on coupling of
construction members as described above and as the result, we
developed a joint for construction members, which is much
simpler than the combination of an iron plate and bolts and
nuts, that is, the simplest coupling means heretofore
adopted, and is superior in the strength to the wood cutting
and notching means.
This joint is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application
Laid-Open Specification No. 107626/76.
This joint comprises a basic joint proper having a cubic
or trapezoidal shape and a plate member extending outwardly
from the surface of the basic joint proper in a plane
substantially orthogonal to said surface, which is welded and
secured to the basic joint proper, and a hole is formed
through the plate member so that a fixing member such as a
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bolt can pass through this hole. According to this proposal,
a variety of joint members can be obtained by combining the
basic joint proper and the plate member while changing the
shapes, numbers and directions thereof.
However, since the basic joint proper having a cubic or
trapezoidal shape is necessary for this conventional joint,
there is involved the following problem.
Namely, since this basic joint proper having a cubic or
trapezoidal shape is used, the weight of the joint is
considerably increased, the amount of the material is
increased and the joint is disadvantageous from the
economical viewpoint.
Furthermore, since a joint in which all the plate
members are secured to the basic joint proper is prepared in
advance and used in the construction field, the joint having
a considerable weight should be handled and the handling is
difficult, and the efficiency of the operation of coupling
construction members by using this joint is very low and the
construction term is prolonged.
When this conventional joint is used, there is adopted a
method in which a certain construction member is connected to
this joint and other construction members are attached to the
joint in sequence. In this method, since other construction
member is connected to the joint to which a certain
construction member has already been connected and secured,
the said other construction member should be precisely
registered and hence, the coupling operation is difficult and
the operation efficiency is lowered.
Still further, when a building is enlarged or altered,
coupling of construction members such as timbers cannot be
changed without changing the used joint, and enlargement or
remodeling of the building cannot be ~reely performed.
Summary of the Invention
Under this background, it is a primary object of the
present invention to provide a building and a method for
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construction of the building, in which the characteristics
of both the conventional frame work method and the built-up
wall method are mixed together, the coupling positions of
construction members are simplified and standarized to
facilitate assembling and construction can be performed even
by an unskilled worker.
Another object of the present invention is to
provide a uniform, cheap, high-quality building having a
drastically increased construction strength and making it
la possible to shorten the construction term and a method for
construction of this building.
Still another object of the present invention is
to provide a novel joint apparatus suitable for coupling
construction members used for the above-mentioned building
and construction method, which comprises a plurality of
kinds of standarized joint members which are appropriately
arranged.
According to the present invention, there is
provided a method for constructing a building on a
~0 foundation, comprising connecting construction members
including at least one longitudinal construction member and
at least one lateral construction member, said longitudinal
and lateral construction members being made of timber, with
a joint apparatus, comprising
~5 providing a basic joint member including at least first
and second application joint members;
said basic joint member comprising
first and second plate portions, each of said first and
second plate portions having an outer face and an inner
face, with the inner face of said first and second plate
portions facing each other and spaced apart a predetermined
distance,
an intermediate plate portion extending between and
having both of its ends fixed to a substantially central
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portion of the inner faces to connect said first and second
side pla-te portions,
means forming first apertures located in said
intermediate plate portion for insertion of clamping means
which comprise a bolt-nut assembly,
a lateral end plate portion having portions secured to
said first and second side plate portions and said
intermediate plate portion, and
said basic joint member having an H-shaped lateral
10 cross-section defining a space in which an end portion of
said at least one first longitudinal construction member is
inserted;
said first application joint member comprises a first
coupling plate portion having means forming second apertures
for insertion of clamping means which comprise a bolt-nut
assembly,
said first coupling plate portion having one end fixed
to a substantially central portion of the outer face of one
of said first or second side plate portions and extending
~0 substantially parallel to said intermediate plate portion
and capable of coupling said at least one lateral
construction member;
said second application joint member comprising a third
side plate portion including means forming third apertures
~5 for insertion of clamping means which comprise a bolt-nut
assembly, a second coupling plate portion having an end
portion secured to a substantially central portion of said
third side plate and having means forming fourth apertures
for insertion of clamping means which comprise a bolt-nut0 assembly for coupling a second lateral construction member,
said third side plate portion is mounted to abut said
at least one first longitudinal construction member fitted
in said basic joint member, and to extend substantially
parallel to said intermediate plate portion located in an
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end portion of said first longitudinal construction member,
with said second coupling plate extending substantially
parallel to said first and second side plate portions, and
extending orthogonally to the first lateral construction
member: and
attaching and clamping said at least one lateral
construction member to said first coupling plate, attaching
and clamping said at least one longitudinal construction
member to said in~ermediate plate portion, and attaching and
1~ clamping said third side plate portion to said at least one
first longitudinal construction member.
The first and second plate portions may be
substantially solid.
According to the present invention there is also
provided a structure including a plurality of construction
members connected together by joint apparatus comprising
a basic joint member including at least first and
second application joint members;
said basic joint member comprising
a pair of first and second plate portions, each of said
first and second plate portions having an outer face and an
inner face, with the inner face of said first and s~cond
plate portions facing each other and spaced apart a
predetermined distance,
an intermediate plate portion extending between and
having both of its ends fixed to a substantially central
portion of the inner faces to connect said first and second
side plate portions,
means forming first apertures located in said
intermediate plate portion for insertion of clamping means
which comprise a bolt-nut assembly,
a lateral end plate portion having portions secured to
said first and second side plate portions and said
intermediate plate portion, and
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said basic joint member having an H-shaped lateral
cross-section defining a space in which an end portion of at
least one first longitudinal construction member made of
timber is inserted;
said first application joint member comprises a first
coupling plate portion having means forming second apertures
or insertion of clamping means which comprise a bolt-nut
assembly,
said first coupling plate portion having one end fixed
to a substantially central portion of the outer face of one
of said ~irst or second side plate portions and extending
substantially parallel to said intermediate plate portion
and capable of coupling a first lateral construction member
made of timber;
said second application joint member comprising a third
side plate portion including means forming third apertures
for insertion of clamping means which comprise a bolt-nut
assembly, a second coupling plate portion having an end
portion secured to a substantially central~portion of said
third side plate and having means forming fourth apertures
for insertion of clamping means which comprise a bolt-nut
assembly for coupling a second lateral construction member
made of timber,
said third side plate portion being mounted to abut the
~5 first longitudinal construction member fitted in said basic
joint member, and extend substantially parallel to said
intermediate plate portion located in an end portion of the
first longitudinal constructi.on member, with said second
coupling plate extending substantially parallel to the first
and second side plate portions, and extending orthogonally
to the first lateral construction member.
According to the present invention, there is also
provided a joint apparatus for construction members
comprising a basic joint member including at least first and
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second application joint members:
said basic joint member comprising
a pair of first and second plate portions, each of said
first and second plate portions having an outer face and an
inner face, with the inner face of said first and second
plate portions facing each other and spaced apart a
predetermined distance,
an intermediate plate portion extending between and
having both of its ends fixed to a substantially central
portion of the inner faces to connect said first and second
side plate portions,
means forming first apertures located in said
intermediate plate portion for insertion of clamping means
which comprise a bolt-nut assembly,
a lateral end plate portion having portions secured to
said first and second side plate portions and said
intermediate plate portion, and
said basic joint member having an H-shaped lateral
cross-section defining a space in which an end portion of at
least one first longitudinal construction member made of
timber is adapted to fit;
said first application joint member comprises a first
coupling plate portion having means forming second apertures
for insertion of clamping means which comprise a bolt-nut
assembly,
said first coupling plate portion having one end fixed
to a substantially central portion o-f the outer face of one
of said first or second side plate portions and extending
substantially parallel to said intermediate plate portion
and capable of coupling a first lateral construction member
made of timber;
said second application joint member comprising a third
side plate portion including means forming third apertures
for insertion of clamping means which comprise a bolt-nut
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assembly, a second coupling plate portion having an end
portion secured to a substantially central portion of said
third side plate and having means forminy fourth apertures
for insertion of clamping means which comprise a bolt-nut
assembly for coupling a second lateral construction member
made of timber,
said third side plate portion being adapted to be
mounted during use to abut the first longitudinal
construction member fitted in said basic joint member, and
extend substantially parallel to said intermediate plate
portion located in an end portion of the first longitudinal
construction member, with said second coupling plate
extending substantially parallel to the first and second
side plate portions, and extending orthogonally to the first
lateral construction memberO
According to the present invention, there is also
provided a joint apparatus for construction members
comprising
a basic joint member;
said basic joint member comprising
a pair of first and second substantially solid plate
portions, each of said first and second plate portions
having an outer face and an inner face, with the inner face
of said first and second plate portions facing each other
~5 and spaced apart a predetermined distance,
an intermediate substantially solid plate portion
extending between and having both of its ends fixed to a
substantially central portion of the inner faces to connect
said first and second side plate portions,
a lateral end plate portion having portions secured to
said first and second side plate portions and said
intermediate plate portion,
means forming first apertures located in said lateral
end plate portion for insertion of clamping means which
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comprise a bolt-nut assembly,
means forming second apertures located in said
intermediate plate portion for insertion of clamping means
which comprise a bolt-nut assembly, and
said basic joint member having an H-shaped lateral
cross-section defining a space in which an end portion of at
least one first longitudinal construction member made of
timber is adapted to fit.
According to the present invention there is also
1~ provided a joint apparatus for construction members
comprising
a basic joint member including at least a first
application joint member;
said basic joint member comprising
a pair of first and second plate portions, each of said
first and second plate portions having an outer face and an
inner face, with the inner face of said first and second
plate portions facing each other and spaced apart a
predetermined distance,
an intermediate plate poxtion extending between and
having both of its ends fixed to a substantially central
portion of the inner faces to connect said first and second
side plate portions,
means forming first apertures located in said
intermediate plate portion for insertion of clamping means
which comprise a bolt-nut assembly,
a lateral end plate portion having portions secured to
said first and second side plate portions and said
intermediate plate portion, and
said basic joint member having an H-shaped lateral
cross-section defining a space in which an end portion of at
least one first longitudinal construction member made of
timber is adapted to fit;
said first application joint member comprises a first
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coupling plate portion having means forming second apertures
for inser~ion of clamping means which comprise a bol-t-nut
assembly,
said first coupling plate portion having one end fixed
to a substantially central portion of the outer face of one
of said first or second side plate portions and extending
substantially parallel to said intermediate plate portion
and capable of coupling a first lateral construction member
made of timber.
According to the building and construction method
of the present invention, a standarized precut member can be
used as the construction member, and such precut members
are coupled by standarized joint members to form a frame
work of a building, and a complicated connection or joint
need not be used for coupling of precut members such as post
members and beam members and by using standarized joint
members, a building is constructed from the lower portion by
coupling of precut members in sequence as in case of the
multistoried building construction method. Furthermore, use
~0 of precut member makes it unnecessary to process
construction members inclusive of those of the upper ridge.
` According to the building and construction method
of the present invention, when each story o~ a building
having a plurality of stories is formed at construction of
this building, a floor structure is formed by clamping a
face member to a floor frame assembled by beam members and
bracing of the floor, conducted in the conventional method,
becomes unnecessary. Moreover, the floor portion, that is,
a platform, is first formed and this platform can be used as
a workshop.
Still further, according to the building and
construction method of the present invention, a post member
is erected on the floor structure and a beam ~ember is
combined with this post member to form a floor frame work,
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whereby use of a through post is omitted, the weight of -the
post member is reduced and use of a crane or the like is
omitted. A roof portion of each story is first constructed
by the floor structure of the upper story and risk of
leakage of rainwater on construction members under
construction is avoided.
Still further, a wall is constructed by fitting a
frame work formed of frame members into a frame portion
formed of the above-mentioned post member and beam member
~d clamping a construction plywood or the like to the frame
portion, and by thus forming a force-resistant wall by the
construction plywood or the like, bracing of the wall is
made unnecessary. Since the construction per se acts as the
foundation of the wall, it is not necessary to make a
foundation and a dry working method can be adopted, with the
result that the working term is shortened.
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According to the method for construction of a building
by using the above-mentioned joint apparatus of the present
invention for construction members, the joint apparatus is
coupled with longitudinal, lateral and/or oblique
construction members by clamping means.
A building according to the present invention is a
construction fabricated by this coupling method.
The structure and`features of the present invention
will now be described in detail with reference to the
embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Brief Description _ the Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic conceptual diagram illustrating a
part of an example of a house constructed according to the
construction method of the present invention.
lS Fig. 2 is a schematic conceptual diagram illustrating a
part of another example of a house having an independent
foundation different from the fabric foundation shown in Fig.
1, which is constructed according to the construction method
of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a first
embodiment of the joint apparatus for construction members
according to the present invention, which is used in
carrying out the construction method of the present
invention.
- ~5 Figs. 4-(a) through 4-(e) are perspective views showing
modificàtions of the joint apparatus shown in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view illustrating a second
embodiment of the joint apparatus for construction members
according to the present invention.
Figs. 6-(a) through 6-(e) are perspective views showing
modifications of the joint apparatus shown in Fig. 5.
~ Fig. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a third
embodiment of the joint apparatus for construction members
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according to the present invention.
Figs. 8-(a) through 3-(e) are perspective views showing
modifications of ~he joint apparatus shown in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a fourth
embodiment of the joint apparat~ls for construction members
according to the present invention.
Figs. 10-(a) through 10-(e) are perspective views
showing modifications of the joint apparatus shown in Fig. 9.
Detailed Description _ the Preferred Embodiments
The construction method of the present invention will
now be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 which
are schematic conceptual views illustrating buildings
constructed according to the construction method of the
present invention.
A foundation 24 provided with an anchor bolt, which is
necessary for a building to be constructed, is formed as a
continuous foundation (fabric foundation).
A floor frame work 35 for a first story portion,
assembled by beam members, is formed on the foundation 24.
The floor frame work 35 comprises, as the beam members, a
groundsill 25, a sleeper 34, a floor beam 27 and a floor
joist 29. Joint apparatuses IVd and IVe of the present
invention are secured to the anchor bolts (not shown)
projected from the foundation 24, and groundsills 25 are
coupled with each other and with floor beams 27 by using
ttlese joint apparatuses IVd and IVe. The floor joist 29 is
connected by using floor joist-receiving fittings 30. The
joint apparatuses IVd and IVe will now be described in detail
hereinafter.
Many construction plywoods 36 or many face members
having a performance comparable or superior to that of the
construction plywoods are clamped to the floor frame work
constructed in the above-mentioned manner by using coupling
members, whereby a floor is formed.
In this state, the floor face is flat and the floor acts
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as an operation bench for t~le subsequent operation.
Posts 26 for the first story portion are connected to
the joint apparatus secured to the anchor bolt of the
foundation 24, and the posts 26 are erected on the floor and
a floor frame work 37 for a second story portion, assembled
by beam members, is constructed on the pos~s 26. The floor
frame work 37 comprises, as the beam members, a floor beam
27, a girth 28 and a floor joist 29. The girth 28 are coupled
with each other and with the floor beams 27 by using the
above-mentioned joint apparatuses IVd and IVe. The floor
~oists 29 are connected by using floor joist-receiving
fittings 30 in the same manner as described above.
The so-formed floor acts as a roof of the first story
portion, that is, an operational fence against rain and wind.
Then, posts 26 are erected and a floor of a subsequent floor
portion is constructed, and respective stories are
constructed by repeating the above procedures.
According to the method of the present invention, a
frame work 38 is fitted into a frame portion formed by the
above-mentioned posts 26, groundsills 25 and girths 28 and
construction plywoods 31 having a size of 1220 mm x 2440 mm
(4 feet x 8 feet) or other similar wall members are clamped
to the frame portion, whereby a wall of the building is
formed.
The frame work 38 of the wall comprises an upper plate
40, a lower plate 41 and an intermediate post 42 connecting
these plates.
The construction plywood 31 is attached -to the outer
side of the frame portion and a finish material (not shown)
such as a gypsum board is attached to the inner side of the
plywood 31 with an intermediate heat-insulating material.
In the above-mentioned method, the module is that of
1220 mm x 2440 mm (4 feet x 8 feet), and used members are
lumbers for the two-by-four work method and precut members
are used for all the members.
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The structure of the joint apparatuses IVd and IVe
described above will now be explained.
As an example of the joint apparatus, Fig. 3 shows a
joint apparatus for coupling the independent foundation 33
and post 26, the fabric foundation 24 and groundsill 25, and
the floor beam and post 26, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The
joint apparatus for construction members comprises a basic
joint member and first and second application joint members
selectively combined with the basic joint member.
pedestal fitting 3 as the basic joint member has an H-
~igured horizontal section defined by welding a pair of first
and second longitudinal side plate portions 3a confronting
each other with a predetermined spacing through a
longitudinal intermediate plate portion (acting as a
connecting plate portion) 3b acting as the clamping portion
t~ the post 26 as the longitudinal construction member. An
end plate portion 3c extending substantially orthogonally to
the surfaces of the side plate portion 3a and intermediate
plate portion 3b is connected by welding to the bottom of a
longitudinal concave groove of the pedestal fitting 3. A
light-weight H-beam can be used as the pedestal fitting 3.
Four holes 4 for insertion of bolts as clamping tools
are formed in the intermediate plate portion 3b in the
pedestal fitting 3. In the present embodiment, the end plate
portion 3c acts as the clamping portion to ~he groundsill 25
and is fixed by welding to the bottom oE the H-figured
portion. Two holes 4 for insertion of anchor bolts embedded
in the independent foundation 33 or fabric foundation 24
shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are formed in the end plate portion
3c. The width of the end plate portion 3c is adjusted so that
the end plate portion 3c projects from the side edge of the
side plate portion 3c.
The first application joint member, that is, a
groundsill-connecting plate (~connecting plate portion) 5 in
the present embod ment, has the side end that can be coupled
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by welding or the like with the outer surface of the first
side plate portion 3a in the pe~estal fitting 3. Namely, the
first application joint member is a plate member extending
from the outer surface of the side plate portion 3a in the
same plane as the intermediate plate portion 3b and acting as
a clamping portion to the groundsill 25 as the lateral
construction member. Two holes 4 for insertion of bolts as
clamping tools are formed in the groundsill-connectiny plate
5.
The second application joint member, that is, a beam-
connecting fitting 6 in the present embodiment, can be
coupled through a clamping tool with the end portion of the
post 26 inserted and connected between the side plate
portions 3a and 3b of the pedestal fitting 3 and comprises a
third side plate portion 6a acting as a clamping portion to
the post 26 and a connecting plate portion 6b extending from
the central part of the surface of the side plate portion 6a
into the plane substantially orthogonal to said surface and
acting as the clamping portion to the groundsill 25 or floor
beam 27 as the lateral construction member. A halved light-
weight H-beam can be used as the beam-connecting fitting 6.
The joint apparatus for coupling the independent
foundation 33 and post 26, the fabric foundation 24 and
~roundsill 25 and the floor beam 27 and post 26 includes a
plurality of modifications differing in the shape, which are
assembled by appropriately selecting the numbers and
positions of the groundsill-connecting plates 5 and beam-
connecting fittings 6 used for the pedestal fitting 3.
Typical examples of such modifications are shown in
Figs. 4-(a) through 4-(e). The modifications shown in Figs.
4-(a), 4-(d) and 4-(e) are used at positions IVa, IVd and IVe
shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The joint apparatus shown in Fig. 4-
(a) is used in the case where only the pedestal fitting 3 is
attached, the joint apparatus shown in Fig. 4-(b) is used in
the case where one groundsill-connecting plate 5 is attached
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to the pedestal fitting 3, the joint apparatus shown in Fig.
4-(c) is used in the case where a pair oE leEt and right
groundsill-connecting plates 5 are attached to the pedestal
fitting 3, the joint apparatus shown in Fig. 4-(d) is used in
the case where one groundsill S and the beam~connecting
fitting 6 are attac~led to the pedestal fitting 3, and the
joint apparatus shown in Fig~ 4-(e) is used in the case where
a pair of groundsill-connecting plates 5 and the beam-
connecting fitting 6 are attached to the pedestal fitting 3.
Incidentally, the beam-connecting fitting 6 alone is used at
the point ~ in Fig. 1 for coupling the groundsill 25 and
sleepe~ 34.
Clamping of the post 26, groundsill 25 and floor beam 27
is accomplished, for example, by setting the post 26,
groundsill 25 and floor beam 27 at the pedestal fitting 3,
groundsill-connecting plate 5 and beam-connecting fitting 6,
respectively, so that the connecting plate portions 3b and 6b
in the pedestal fitting 3 and beam-connecting fitting 6 and
the groundsill-connecting plate 5 are inserted in a groove
for example, S shown in Figs. in 4-(a) and 4-(d) formed in
advance by cutting at the centers of the coupling end
portions of the post 26, groundsill 25 and floor beam 27, and
clamping them by using bolts and like.
For example, in case of the joint apparatus IVe shown in
Fig. 4-(e), clamping of the groundsill 25 is accomplished by
inserting bolts from the insertion holes of the groundsill
25, inserting the bolts through the insertion holes of the
groundsill-connecting plate 5 and fitting the top ends of the
bolts in nuts. In this case, the end portion of the
groundsill 25 is received by the side plate portion 3a on the
side of the pedestal fitting 3.
Clamping of the post 26 is a~complished by inserting
bolts from the attachment holes of the side p]ate portion 6a
of the bear-connecting fitting 6, inserting the bolts through
the insertion holes of the post 26 and the insertion holes 4
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. .
gl2875~
of the side plate portion 3a of t~le pedestal Eitting 3 and
~itting the top ends of the bolts in nuts. In ~his case, the
end portion of the post 26 is received by the end plate
portion 3c on the side of the pedestal fitting 3.
Clamping of the floor beam 27 is accomplished by
inserting bolts from the insertiorl holes of the floor beam
27, inserting the bolts through the insertion holes 4 of the
connecting plate 6b of the beam-connecting fitting 6 and
fitting the top ends of the bolts in nuts. In this case, the
end portion of the floor beam 27 is received by the side
plate portion 6a of the beam-connecting fitting 6.
At the butt face of the post 26 to the end plate 3c on
the side of the pedestal fitting 3 and the butt face of the
floor beam 27 to the side plate portion 6a of the beam-
connecting fitting 6, that is, butt ends, concave face seats
in -which the heads of the bolts are inserted and located are
formed by the seat-boring processing. The respective
construction members may be formed to grip the connecting
plate portion by parallel long members 25a and 25b as shown
in Fig. 4-(e), except the groove S caved in the end portion.
In another embodiment of the joint apparatus shown in
Fig. 5, upper and lower posts 26 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are
coupled with each other, girths 28 as lateral construction
members are coupled with each other, and in addition, floor
beams 27 are coupled with each other. As in the first
embodiment, this joint apparatus comprises a basic joint
member and first and second application joint members
(modifications of the application joint member shown in Fig.
3) selectively combined with the basic joint member.
A post-connecting fitting 7 in the joint apparatus
according to the second embodiment is different from the
pedestal fitting 3 in the foregoing embodiment in the fixing
position of an end plate portion 7c. Namely, the end plate
portion 7c is fixed by welding to side plate portions 7a and
an intermediate plate portion 7b at an intermediate position
14
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379~3
in the longit~ldinal direction, an~ the size of the end plate
portion 7c is adjusted so that the end plate portion 7c is
located inwardly of the side line of the side plate portion
7a.
The third application joint member, that is, a beam-
receiving plate (connecting plate portion) ~ in the present
embodiment, is different form the above-mentioned
groundsill-connecting plate 5 in that the beam-receiving
plate 8 has a beam-receiving portion 9.
This beam-receiving portion 9 extends from the lower end
of the intermediate plate portion 7b of the post-connecting
fitting 7 into a plate substantially orthogonal to the
surface of the intermediate plate portion 7b and the surface
of the beam-receiving plate 8 and is fixed by welding to the
lower ends of the intermediate plate portion 7b and beam-
receiving plate 8.
The second application joint member, that is, a beam-
receiving fitting 10 in the present embodiment, is different
form the beam-connecting fitting 6 in that the beam-receiving
fitting 10 has a beam-receiving plate portion 11 and a post-
receiving plate portion 12
The beam-receiving plate portion 11 extends form the
lower end of a side plate portion lOa of the beam-receiving
fitting 10 in a plane substantially orthogonal to the side
plate portion lOa and a connecting plate portion lOb and is
fixed by welding to the lower ends of both the plate portions
lOa and lOb. 'rhe post-receiving plate portion 12 extends from
the intermediate part in the longitudinal direction of the
side plate portion lOa of -the beam-receiving fitting 10 into
a plane substantially orthogonal to the surface of the side
plate portion lOa and is fixed by welding to the lower end of
the connecting plate portion lOb. Incidentally, the post-
receiving plate portion 12 .is located on the same plane as
the end plate portion 7c of the connecting fitting 7 to
receive the post 26. The beam-receiving portions 9 and 11 act
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6~
as recelving plates for lateral construction members.
The above-mentioned joint apparatus includes a plurality
of modifications which are assembled by appropriately
selecting the numbers and positions of the beam-receiving
plate 8 and beam-receiving fitting 10 for the post-connecting
fit-ting 7.
Typical exmaples of such modifications are shown in
Figs. 6-(a) through 6-(e). The modifications shown in Figs.
5, 6-(a), 6-(c) and 6-(d) are used at the positions V, VIa,
VIc and VId shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
Clamping of the post 26, girth 28 and floor beam 27 to
the above-mentioned joint apparatus is performed in the same
manner as described above with respect to clamping of the
post 26, groundsill 25 and floor beam 27 in the foregoing
embodiment. Therefore, explanation of this clamping is
omitted.
The positions of the post 26, floor beam 27 and girth 28
to the joint apparatus are shown in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 illustrates a third embodiment of the joint
apparatus for construction members. This joint apparatus is
used for coupling posts (longitudinal connecting members)
26, girths (lateral connecting members) 28 and roof bows
(oblique connecting members) 43 at a capital as shown in Fig.
1.
This joint apparatus comprises a basic joint member and
modifications of first and second application joint members
which are selectively combined with the basic joint member.
The basic joint member, that is, a pedestal fitting 13,
is different from the pedestal fitting 3 and post-connecting
fitting 7 of the foregoing embodiments in the fixing
position of an end plate portion 13c. Namely, in the present
embodiment, the end plate portion 13c acts as the connecting
portion of the head of the post 26 and is fixed by welding to
the H-figured end portion of the capital. The capital fitting
13 is formed so that the width of the side plate portion 13c
16
. .
, ' ' ~' ' 1, . . .
is the same as that of a side plate portion 13a.
Incidentally, reference numeral 13b represents an
intermediate plate portion.
The first application joint member, that is, a beam-
receiving plate 14 in the present embodiment, has a beam-
receiving plate portion 15 as the beam-receiving plate 8 in
the embodiment shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
The second application joint member, that is, a beam-
receiving fitting 16 in the present embodiment, has a beam-
receiving plate portion 17 as the beam-receiving fitting 10
in the foregoing embodiment and also has a post-receiving
plate portion for receiving a capital portion.
The post-receiving plate portion 18 is fixed by welding
to a side plate portion 16a so that the post-receiving plate
portion 18 extends from the top end of the side plate portion
16a of the beam-receiving fitting 16.
Incidentally, this post-receiving plate portion 18 is
located at the same level as the end plate portion 13c of the
capital fitting 13.
Reference numeral 16b represents a connecting plate
portion.
The joint apparatus of the present embodiment includes
a plurality of modifications assembled by appropriately
selecting the numbers and positions of the beam-receiving
plate 14 and beam-receiving fitting 16 for the capital
fitting 13.
Typical examples VIIIa through VIIIe are shown in Figs.
8-la) through 8-(e).
The joint apparatus for construction members as a fourth
embodiment to be used for the capital is illustrated in Fig.
9~
The joint apparatus of the present embodiment is
different from the above-mentioned joint apparatus to be used
for the capital in that a third application joint member is
used.
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7~360
The third application joint member, that is, a roof bow-
receiving plate 19 in the present embodiment, comprises a
connecting plate portion l9a acting as a clamping portion to
a roof bow 43 as an oblique construction member extending
from the central part of the top Eace of an end plate portion
20c of a pedestal fitting 20 into a plane substantially
orthogonal to said top face.
The connecting plate portion 19b is secured so that the
connecting plate portion 19b is located on the same plane as
a beam receiving fitting 21.
The roof bow-receiving plate 19 is provided with a roof
bow-receiving portion 22 extending upwardly from one side
edge of the end plate 20c of the capital fitting 20
orthogonal to the connecting plate portion l9a in a plane
orthogonal to the connecting plate portion l9a, and this
roof bow-receiving portion 22 is welded to the end plate
portion 20c. Reference numeral 23 represents a beam-receiving
plate.
The joint apparatus for construction members according
to the present embodiment includes a plurality of
modifications assembled by appropriately selecting the
numbers and positions of the roof bow-receiving portion 22,
beam-receiving fitting 21 and roof bow-receiving plate 19 for
the capital fitting 20.
Typical instances Xa through Xe are shown in Figs. 10-
(a) through 10-(e). The modification shown in Fig. 10-(b) is
used at the position Xb shown in Fig. 1.
In the above-mentioned construction method, since
respective members such as post members and beam members are
connected by the above-mentioned peculiar joint apparatus,
complicated connections or joints need not be used and there
is no dispersion of the structural strength. Moreover, by
using standarized joint apparatuses, connection can be
sequentially performed from the upper portion to the upper
portion as in the multistoried building construction method,
.
. . . . - - . . . .
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and hence, the operation is carried out very easily and the
working time is drastically shortened. Therefore, this
construction method is very advantageous from the economical
viewpoint.
Since precut timbers are used as the construction
members to be coupled by the joint apparatus of the present
invention, all the members inclusive of members of the upper
ridge portion need not be processed at all.
Bracing of a floor conducted in the conventional methods
becomes unnecessary because of the diaphragm theory, and
bracing of a wall conducted in the conventional methods
bacomes unnecessary according to the wall shearing theory,
i~ a force-resistant wall is fabricated by construction
plywoods of 4 feet x 8 feet as pointed out hereinbefore.
Moreover, since through posts are not used,the weight of
the post members used is not increased, and a crane or the
like need not be used, with the result that the construction
cost is advantageously reduced.
Still further, since a floor portion, that is, a
platform, is first formed in the construction operation, this
platform is used as the workshop and the operation is carried
out very easily and safely.
Moreover, in each story, the floor of the upper story
acts as a roof, and wetting of construction members with
rainwater during the construction, which is caused in the
two-by-four construction method or the like, can be
conveniently avoided.
In the above-mentioned wall structure, the construction
per se acts as the foundation of the wall, and therefore, a
special foundation need not be formed independently from the
wall and a dry working method can be adopted, with the result
that the construction time can be shortened.
By dint of these characteristic features, in
construction of a building, room arrangement and design can
be freely selected, and enlargement and remodeling can be
19
.
.
79~i~
optionally performed and a three-storied building can be
easily constructed. Furthermore, skilled experts are not
necessary for tl~e construction operation, and it becomes
possible to standarized the dimensions of members and reduce
the number of kinds of members, Moreover, the present
invention is advantageous in that the working operation can
be standarized.
Furthermore, if the above-mentioned joint apparatus for
construction members is used, coupling and connection of the
construction members can be completed only by a simple
operation using clamping means such as bolt clamping. The
floor space and height can be freely changed by using minimum
standard buildings, and if appropriate joint apparatuses are
used in anticipation of enlargement or remodeling, it is
possible to perform enlargement or remodelling very easily.
A variety of houses meeting the demands of users can be
constructed by using a small number of standard buildings as
in the case where various toy blocks differing in the shape
are combined. Moreover, since the joint apparatus and the
construction members connected by the joint apparatus can be
standarized, it is sufficient if all the joint apparatuses
are prepared in a factory and only construction members are
precut in the factory. Still further, the connection of
construction members attained by the joint apparatus is very
strong and the strength is much higher than the strength
attained in the conventional methods using iron plates, bolts
and nuts.
The prominent characteristic features of the joint
apparatus of the present invention are as follows.
Since a joint member having an H-figured shape is used
as the basic joint member instead of the conventional joint
proper having a cubic or trapezoidal shape, the weight of the
joint apparatus and the quantity of the material can be
reduced, and therefore, the construction cost can be reduced.
Instead of the method in which all the plate members are
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g60
secured in advance to the joint proper, there is adopted the
method in which only necessary application joi.nt members are
welded to the basic joint member and a small number of kinds
of remaining application joint members are secured to
construction members connected to the basic joint member
afterward at the construction field. therefore, the weight of
the joint apparatus handled is reduced and the operation of
connecting the constructi.on members is facilitated.
Moreover, since a small number of kinds of applica-tion
jo.int members are secured to the construction members at the
construction field as described above, registration of the
positions of the construction members at the time of
attachment thereof is simplified and the operation
efficiency is highly improved.
Still further, in the joint apparatus having the above-
mentioned structure, since a small number of kinds of
application joint members are connected to the construction
members by bolts or the li~e according to need, even if the
shape, number and direction of the application joint member
are wrong, the errors can be easily corrected and no severe
control of errors is necessary, and a troublesome operation
of exchanging the entire joint apparatus, which is necessary
in the conventional methods, is not necessary, with the
result that the operation efficiency can be improved.
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