Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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It is a known fact that bed-ridden patients generate a great deal
of odour, which affects their environment. To some degree,
~ bacteria are also released with these odours. There have been
h ~ many proposals made concerning the construction of equipment that
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can~be installed directly beneath the bed covers in~order to
eliminate these odours. In a number of cases, ultraviolet
incandescent tubes have been used to eliminate these odours and
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at the same time to destroy bacteria, and in some instances,
extremely~costly filter systems have been built.
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n~order to achieve~ a-n~equally ef~fective sbso~rption of odours snd
a~bacteria-reducing effect~by using the~most simple means, the
present invention proposes that the filter packets are in the
form of~;~a~lkaline masses~;such~as alkaline earth compounds,~and
that~these alternate with filter packets that are formed as
scidic mssses, and that these~packets also~contain metallic
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salts, preferably iron salts. It has been found that the
alternating effect obtained by passing the air throu~h acidic and
alkaline and then once agaln through acidic and alkaline masses
or vice versa, brings about a very high level of odour
elimination and at the same time, a reduction of bacteria that
are of necessity drawn into the system with the air, e.~., in the
case of a bed-ridden patlent. Odour absorbing and bactericidal
filter masses are to be so grouped that they consist of an
alternating arrangement of alkaline and acldic masses, or vice
versa and, as a matter of principl0, a neutralizing mass of
activated carbon with a dust filter is arranged in the final
position.
It is preferred that, viewed in the direction of flow of the
inhaled air which is to be purified, the chemical absorption
filter incorporates the following layers:
A first layer of soda lime, followed by a second layer consisting
of expanded material with a high level of capillarity, this
materlal being lmpregnated with a mono- or poly-basis carboxylic
acid; then a third~layer, also consisting of expanded material
with a high level of capillarity, that is impregnated with
alkaline iron-III-hydroxide solution (Fe(OH)3) and then, as a
fourth layer, a layer of activated carbon.
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This sequence of layers is arranged either on the suction or the
pressure side of a fan, or else the fan can be arranged within
this sequence of chemical absorption filters such that the first
layers are on the suction side of the fan and the last layer is
always an activated carbon layer.
It has been found that this is the most effective arrangement for
eliminating fecal odours whilst at the same time destroying
baccilli and/or germs, pollen, fungi and tobacco smoke, with the
individual chemical absorption filter mas~es being separated from
each other by filter fleece, with fleece filters being arranged
on the suction and the outlet sides so as to define the filter
masses relative to the inlet or pressure sides.
It is known that ceilings that keep the air free of germs can be
installed, particularly in operating rooms, and the air
circulation for the operating room takes place above these. When
this is done, ultraviolet lights are frequently used to destroy
germs in the air. The disadvantage of such a system lies in the
fact that the ultraviolet light that destroys the germs
simultaneously forms radical oxygen. This radical oxygen is
extremely reactive and can generate undesirable and hazardous
compounds, e.g., NO-2. ~
For thls reason, the present invention proposes chemical
absorption fll~ters~for air purification sy~stems used for rooms
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that are used, for example, for sick beds and to use these
chemical absorption filters to act against undesirable,
chemically formed materials from these beds beneath the ceiling,
in which connection, as has already been described, the filter
masses consist of alkaline or earth alkaline compounds or as
acidic masses or compounds of metallic salts, a number of these
being combined, depending on the task to be performed and the
intensity of the odour and bacteria, so as to be used as filter
ceilings, with the last neutralizing mass through which the air
Plows being a layer oP activated carbon.
It is known that baccilli, viruses, fungi and germs can be
rendered harmless by ozonization and/or ionization. In addition,
there is the fact that an additional agglomeration of aerosol
particles and/or dust particles can be formed by ionization. The
disadvantage of tùis combination technique lies in the fact~that
traces of ozone that pass through the system can be harmful to
both humans and animals and arrangement in small separator
devices can be problematic.
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For thls reason, the present invention proposes that the inhaled
air that is to~be pur1fied is passed through a sterilizing
irradlatlon section before it reaches the chemical absorption
filter.
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The present invention also covers a chemical absorption filter to
remove carcenogenic material such as dioxin, furan,
formaldehydes, PAH's, benzpyrene and other toxic materials.
According to the present invention, it is proposed that perlite
or other expanded materials be used as the filter masses, these
being preferably impregnated with propylene glycol. It is
further proposed that a further layer, which is preferably also
made up of expanded mate~rial be used as preferably the last layer
through which the air passes, and that this be moistened with a
solutlon of medical soap, e.g., if carcenogenic substances and
tobacco smoke are also present.
Embodiments of the invention are described in greater detail
below on the basis of the drawlngs appended hereto. These
drawings are as follows:
Fiyure 1: is a side view of a case-like purification apparatus;
Figure 2: shows a chemical absorption ceiling for a room; and
Figure 3: is a cross section view of a further embodiment of a
pure air apparatus.
/gu~e 1~, ~he appa~atus Is nu.bereu 1, the chemical ab~orpeion
paok~ on~the suction slde lS~ number~ed 2; the fan is numbered 3, 4
indicates~the pressure side arrangement of a chemical absorption
pack; S indicates the~outlet side~of the chemical absorption
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filter case; 6 indicates an air hose; and 7 indicates the
position of the electronic monitoring and control system.
According to the present invention, in order to reduce noise, the
fan 3 is arranged on the suction and/or pressure side between two
chemical absorption packs 2, 4, so that these chemical absorption
masses 2, 4 perform a dual function, namely the elimination of
odour and/or bacteria and simultaneously, accoustic insulation on
the suction and pressure sides.
The chemical absorption pack consists of several layers: a first
layer of soda lime; this is followed by a second layer consisting
of expanded material of high capillarity, and this layer is
; lmpregnated with a mono- or poly-basis carboxylic acid; a third
layerr which also consists of expanded material of high
capillarity, and impregnated with alkaline iron-III-hydroxide
solution (Fe(OH)3) is followed by a fourth layer of activated
charcoal~
In figure 2, 11 indicates a room; the upper ceiling is numbered
12;~13 indlcates~the sterilization lamps; and 14 indicates~the
su~spended chemical absorption filter pack with a subsequent high
performànce filter to remove suspended matter.
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In the version that is shown in figure 3, 21 indicates the
suction line in a pure air device; 22 is a coarse filter; and 23
indicates the ozonization section which preceeds a fan 24 in
which connection, according to the present invention, this
arrangement ahead of the fan 24 provides for intensive contact
between the ozone and the fan 24; on the outlet side of the fan
24, within an area 25 through which the air flows, there is also
an ionization section 26 after the ozonization section 23, so
that within this area the baccilli, germs, Eungi, viruses and so
forth that have previously been destroyed by the ozon:ization are
agglomerated with the dust particles and in the agglomerated
(enlarged) range of grain sizes, the number of particles are
trapped in the following chemical absorption filter 27 with the
greatest possible effect, in which connection, according to the
present invention, the chemical absorption filter is not only
designed so as to remove the sterile bacteria, fungi, viruses,
and dust, but also fulfills a simultaneous safety function in
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that it neutralizes any stray ozone.
Accordlng to .the present~invention; this has been achieved in
that within the chemical absorption filter pack there are,
~amongst others, such known chemical absorption layers as
~; activ~ated carhon, soda~ me, iron~ :dnd/or iron~ salts
and/or:morass ore respectively, preferably at a concentration of
80~ Fe(OH)3, these being in the form of a bul:k-bed system.
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Also, according to the present invention, the sequence of this
chemical absorption filter technology is arranged as follows:
1. an alkaline chemical absorption layer 28, consisting of
morass iron ore, pH value 11-12, perlite impregnated with
sodium-potassium carbonate, pH value also 11-12, or soda
lime, also with a pH value of 11-12;
2. a subsequent layer 29, consisting of expanded bodies,
preferably expanded calcium-aluminium silicate and/or
perlite, impregnated with iron-III-/iron-II-salts; iron
ammonium sulphate salts can also be used;
3. a subsequent layer 30, consisting of a neutralizing layer,
~ preferably activated chaFcoal.
: The layer 29 is in a pH value sequence of 1-2, and the layer 30
is present as a neutralizing.bulk-bed mass. The layer 30 is
followed by a high performance fine dust filter layer 31.
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