Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
~296S4~
The Present Invention relates to a device for
preventlns, ln a concrete structure such as a concrete
wall, rainwater or like from Penetratlng through a
concrete wall surface into the concrete structure
around each seParator which has been left embedded
therein.
In constructing the above-mentloned concrete
structure such as the concrete wall, the seParator Is
usual 1Y used to hold each Palr of molds oPposed to each
other at a predetermined distance and such separator is
left embedded In the concrete structure after
completlon of this structure. More partlcularly, each
seParator Is provlded on its opposed ends wlth
seParator terminals, resPectlvelY~ and these separator
terminals are removed wl)en the molds are disassembled
upon completion of the construction. Thls results In
formation of a recess ln the concrete wall In a reglon
~P.
~296542
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which has been occupied by each of the separator
terminals. Such recess must be filled up in a sultable
manner for water-sealing effect.
One well-known device for Prevention of rainwater
or like from penetrating in the region of each
seParator into the concrete structure has alreadY been
described in UtilitY Model Publication No. 43-27286.
However, in this device of well known art, pluss
are secured with adhesive into the recessed formed ln
the concrete wall surface after the separator terminals
have been removed from the resPective seParators. Such
feature leads to various problems as follow :
(1) It is difficult for adhesive to spread
uniformlY between the inner surface of the recess and
the associated plug and often a gap is formed
therebetween.
(2) A gaP ls progressivelY formed between the
inner surface of the recess and adhesive as the years
go by, due to factors such as contraction of concrete
and adhesive occurring during hardening thereof.
(3) A gap is formd also between the concrete wall
and the seParator.
(4) A covering depth between the concrete wall
surface and the seParator is relatively Poor.
In consequence, said gaPs serve as water Passases
bY which rainwater or like Penetrates from the wall
~29654~
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surface through the gaP between the recess In the
concrete wall and the Plug into the other gaP between
the concrete wall and the separator, causlng the
separator to be rusted.
These Problems result in :
(a) DurabllitY of the structure deterlorates.
(b) Rust containing water exudes over the wall
surface and InJures the beauty of the wall surface.
:
A prlnciPal obJect of the Present inventlon is,
therefore, to Provide a device adaPted to effectlvelY
prevent ralnwater or llke from penetratlng through the
wall surface into the concrete wall around each
seParator left therein and therebY to overcome the
problems as set forth above.
The Present invention Provldes a devlce for
preventlon of ralnwater or like from Penetrating Into a
concrete structure around each separator left embedded
therein, said device comPrising a hollow cyllnder of
synthetic resin, the latter including a female threaded
cyllnder made of metal or other material embedded In
the interlor at one end thereof and water-swollen
dammlng-up outer rlngs flxed on the outer Perlphery so
as to serve together as terminals, a threaded
cYlindrlcal Portion formed at one end of each of said
1296542
termlnals belng engaged with a male threaded portion
formed around the correspondlng end of the seParator~
and said cyllnder of sYnthetlc resln further includlng
a plug provlded wlth a water-swollen dammlng-uP inner
rins fixed Into the interior at the other end thereof.
When each of the separator terminals Is
incorporated with the dev~ce according to the present
invention, anY quantitY of water having Penetrated into
the gaP defined between the concrete wall A and the
cyllnder I of the terminal 4 Is dammed uP bY the water-
swollen dammlng-uP outer ring 3 agalnst further
penetration further inwards.
on the other hand, anY quantitY of water having
penetrated Into the gaP defined between the cYlinder
of the terminal 4 and the PlUg 8 is dammed uP bY the
water-swollen damming-uP Inner rlng 7 against
penetration further Inwards.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. I is a longitudinal sectional view
illustratlng an imPortant part of a concrete structure
Incorporated wlth a device for preventlon of ralnwater
or llke from penetratlng therelnto constructed
accordlng to an embodlment of the Present Inventlon ;
Flg. 2 is a frontal view Illustrating one of
terminals formlng part of said devlce ;
129654~
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Flg. 3 is a side view of said terminal ;
Fig. 4 Is a frontal view lllustratlng a Plug
provlded wlth a water-swollen dammlng-uP Inner rlng :
Flg. 5 Is a slde vlew of sald Plus ; and
Flg. 6 Is a longltudlnal sectlonal vlew
Illustratlng an Important Part of a concrete structure
constructed with use of sald terminals but before the
plus Is secured thereto.
The Present Inventlon wlll be descrlbed wlth
respect to an embodlment as illustrated bY the
accomPanyins drawlngs. Referrlng to the drawlngs. a
reference A deslgnates a concrete wall and a reference
4 designates a termlnal adaPted to be threaded onto a
correspondlng end of each separator 5 which ls. ln
turn, adaPted to be embedded in sald concrete wall A.
The termlnal 4 comprlses a hollow cYllnder I made of
sYnthetlc resln. lncludlng a female threaded cYllnder 2
recelved and embedded in the lnterlor at one end
thereof, a flange 9 provlded therearound at the other
end, an outwardlY flared recess 10 formed ln the Inner
wall thereof at sald other end and a water-swollen
dammlng-up outer rlng 3 fIxed around the outer
perlPhery thereof ad~acent sald flange 9. A reference
5 deslgnates a separator provlded at opposlte ends wlth
12965~
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respective male threads 6 having their base ends in the
form of stoPpers 11. A reference 8 designates a Plug
made of synthetic resin having a tapered head 12 at its
base end. circumferential grooves 13, 14 formed
therearound at its base end and front end.
respectively, so that the circumferential groove 1
receives a water-swollen damming-uP inner rins 7
slightly Pro~ecting from the outer Periphery of sald
Plus 8 and the circumferential groove 14 is coated with
suitable water-swollen seallng asent. if necessarY~ A
reference 15 deslgnates a water-swollen dammins-uP
outer ring fixed around the separator 5 at its middle
position.
Examples of the water-swelling waterstop material
to be used for the water-swellins waterstop rings 3. 7
and 15 include acrYl~ vinYl and inorganic water-
swelling reslns. It is Particularly Preferable to use
a flexible material containing water-swelling
polYurethane which comPrises a mixture of a water-
swelling polyurethane resin and. for examPle~ natural,
sYnthetic or reclaimed rubber. therefor.
Such a flexible material as decrlbed above maY be
obtained bY kneadins one or more Polyether polYols of
the following general formula :
R[(OR)n]p
wherein R rePresents a polyhydric alcohol residue;
~296S~;~
--7--
(OR) rePresents a Polyoxyalkylene chain comPrisins
oxyalkylene grouPs each havlng an oxYethylene
group and an alkYlene groUP carrying three or four
carbon atoms. Provlded that the content of the
oxyethylene groups amounts to 20 to 100X of the
total molecular weight ;
n is a number corresponding to the degree of
Polymerization of the oxyalkYlene srouPs and
givlng a hydroxyl groUP equivalent of 200 to 2500;
and
p ls a number of 2 to 8, preferablY 2 to 4 ;
together with urethane polymer(s) havlng Polyisocyanate
groups, a crosslinking agent and the rubber as defined
above followed bY curing.
Examples of said PolYhydric alcohol lnclude
dlhydrlc alcohols such as ethYlene glycol and proPylene
slYcol; trihydric alcohols such as glYcerol and
trimethYlolpropane; tetrahYdric alcohols such as
erythritol and Pentaerythritol; PentahYdric alcohols
such as arabitol and xYlitol; and hexahYdr1c alcohols
such as sorbitol and mannitol.
Said PolYether Polyols may be obtained bY adding
alkylene oxlde(s) to these PolYhydric alcohols ln such
a manner as to glve the desired molecular weight.
Elther random or block addltlon maY be emPloyed
there~or. When the content of the oxYethYlene srouPs
1296S4?.
--8--
is less than 20X, the resultlng materlal ls
unsatisfactorY as a waterstop materlal. AnY
polyisocyanates may be emPloyed. The content of the
termlnal Isocyanate groUPs maY be 1 to 12%, preferablY
2 to 7X.
Examples of said crossltnking agent Include
Polyols and polyamines each carrYing two to six active
hYdrosen atoms Per molecule and has an average
molecular wieght Per active hYdrogen atom of 30 to
15000, for example, low-molecular weight polYols~
addltlon PolYmers of low-molecular weight PolYols and
alkYlene oxides and addltlon PolYmers of low-molecular
weight polyamines and alkYlene oxides. as well as
mixtures thereof.
It is Preferable that the flexible material as
descrlbed above contains 20 to 800 parts of the water-
swelling polYurethane resin Per 100 parts of the
rubber.
Other examples of Preferable flexible materials
are those obtained bY further addlng hYdraullc
material(s) to a comPosition comprising sald water-
swelling Polyurethane resin and rubber. Examples of
available hydraulic materials Include Portland cement.
blast furnace cement. colloidal cement and sYpsum. It
Is preferable to emPloy a curing accelerator for cement
comPrislns calcium aluminate slmultaneouslY therewith.
1296S4;2
A flexible material comprising such a hydraulic
material has an advantage that it shows little
shrinkase when dried. It is Preferable that the
hYdraulic materlal is blended in an amount of 20 to 30
parts per 100 parts of the mixture of the water-
swelling Polyurethane and rubber.
The above flexible material maY further contain
appropriate water-absorbing material(s). ExamPles of
the water-absorbing materials include those mainlY
comprising an ~,~ -unsaturated comPound. which carries
one or more carboxYl grouPS or those caPable of belng
derived thereto such as carboxYl~ carboxYlate~
carboxylic imide, carboxYlic amide or carboxYlic
anhYdride srouPs Per molecule, and oPtionally
polymer~zed with other ~. ~ -unsaturated comPound(s)
and/or modtfied with isocYanate(s).
ExamPles of such a water-absorbing resin include
conventional water-absorbing Polymers such as
starch/acrylic acid graft coPolymer~ a salt of
styrene/maleic anhYdride copolymer, crosslinked
polY(sodlum acrYlate)~ vinyl ester/ethYlenically
unsaturated carboxylic acids. and saPonified Products
of derivatives thereof.
The flexible material maY be further vulcanized
with the use of a crosslinking agent such as sulfur.
It is preferable that the composition of the
1296S4?
-10-
flexible material maY be controlled in such a manner as
to glve a water-swelling ratio of the resultlng molded
artlcle of 10 to 350X. still Preferably 40 to 250X.
Fig. 5 Is a side view of said Plug and Fig. 6 is a
longitudinal sectional view illustrating an imPortant
part of a concrete structure constructed with use of
said terminals but before the plug is secured thereto.
Referring to Fig. 6. a reference B designates a
concrete mold having a through-hole 16 at an
appropriate location. A reference 17 designates a
connecting bolt having male threads 18, 19 on opposite
ends. respectively. A reference 20 designates a mold
clamPing lever having a threaded hole 21 formed in a
base end thereof.
Now it will be considered how to construct a
concrete wall using the device ~or prevention of
rainwater or like from Penetrating thereinto according
to the Present invention. As shown in Fig. 6. one end
of the female threaded cYlinder 2 of the terminal 4
carrYins the water-swollen damming-uP outer ring 3
fixed around the cylinder I is advanced in engagement
with the male thread 6 of the seParator 5 to the
stoPper 11 of said male thread 6 and the male thread la
of the connecting bolt 17 is threaded into the other
end of said female threaded cYlinder 2.
Then, the connecting bolt 17 is inserted into the
1296S42
through-hole 16 of the mold B and the threaded hole 21
of the mold clamplng lever 20 is threaded on the male
thread 19 of sald connecting bolt 17 so that the mold B
Is held between the termlnal 4 and the mold clamPing
lever 20. Although Fig. 6 illustrates onlY the mold at
one slde, the arrangement is same at the opposlte slde
and a Pair of molds are held at a Predetermlned
distance from each other. Thereafter, vertical and
horlzontal batters are combined on the outside of the
mold B in the conventional manner, although not shown,
these batters are clamPed together bY suitable means
throush the mold clamping levers 20 so as to flx the
mold. Then, concrete maY be Placed into an internal
space defined between the Pair of the molds to
construct the concrete wall A.
Upon hardening of concrete which forms the
concrete wall A, the molds are disassembled and then
the connecting bolts 17 are threaded out.
Then, as seen in Fig. 1, the Plug 8 carrYing the
water-swollen damming-up inner ring 7 is forced into
the hollow interior of the synthetic resin c~llnder
from the other end and the head 12 of sald Plus 8 is
engaged in the recess 10 of the cYlinder I so as to
fill said recess 10 wlth said head 12.
Said water-swollen damming-uP outer ring 3
performs the similar function even when said outer ring
~296S~2
-12-
3 is fixed around the cYlinder 1 at any other Positlon.
Additionally, as lllustrated in Fig. 6. the water-
swollen damming-up ring 15 maY be fixed around the
seParator 5 at anY Position to further improve water-
sealing effect.
The device for prevention of rainwater or like
from Penetrating into the concrete structure around
each of the seParators constructed in accordance with
the Present invention Provides signifIcant effects as
follow :
(I) The separator terminals are of the embedded
type, therefore,
(a) Neither aPplication of seParatins materlal nor
oPeration of the terminal removal is required so that
the operation efficiencY is drasticallY improved and
the work cost can be reduced.
(b) Concrete crack possibly associated with
removal of the terminals can be avoided.
(c) Finish of the terminals is accomPlished simplY
by mounting the Pluss~ enabllns the flnished aPpearance
to be aestheticallY imProved.
(2) The female threaded cYlinder made of metal or
other material is embedded into the synthetlc resin
cYlinder of the terminal at one end thereof and one end
of said female threaded cYlinder is engaged with the
male thread on the separator. AccordinglY~ it is
12~6542
-13-
possible to obtaln a relativelY large coverlng dePth
from the wall surface to the comPonents such as the
seParator and the metallic female threaded cYlinder.
Thls means that the metallic comPonents such as the
separator and the female threaded cYlinder are
prevented from ~elng rusted due to rainwater or like
would otherwise Penetrate through the wall surface into
the structure and thereby deterioration of the concrete
structure ls avoided. Thls is effective particularlY
for the structure at the seaside exPosed to injurY from
salt.
(3) Rainwater or like penetrating through the wall
surface into the gaP defined between the concrete wall
and the terminal is dammed up bY the water-swollen
damming-up outer ring fixed around the terminal against
further penetration inwards and rainwater or like
penetrating into the gaP defined between said terminal
and the Plus thereof is dammed up by the water-swollen
damming-up inner ring disposed therebetween against
further Penetration inwards.
With a consequence. it is effectively avoided that
rainwater or like might Penetrate through the wall
surface, through the gaP deflned between the concrete
wall and the terminal and through the gaP defined
between the terminal and the plug into the concrete
wall around the separator. Therefore :
12965(~
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la) The seParator is Prevented from being rusted.
Improving the durabillty of the concrete structure.
(b) There is no possibility that rust containing
water exudes over the wall surface. Iniurlng the
aesthetic aPpearance of the wall surface.
~ 4) Rainwater or like Penetrating into the saP
defined between the concrete wall and the terminal
and/or the gaP defined between the terminal and the
Plus swells the water-swollen dammlng-uP rings dlsPosed
within these gaPs so that the dammlng-uP rlngs thus
swollen are now pressed agalnst the concrete wall and
the terminal and/or the terminal and the plug.
respectively, Perfectly filling uP these saPs and
thereby further reliablY Preventing ralnwater or like
from penetrating into the concrete wall around the
separator terminal.
(5) Arrangement is simPle. enabling it to be
easl 1Y manufactured at a low cost and Providlns a
stable fixation.
