Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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The Dresent inventi~,n reiares to a machine for reai iZi~2
mechanicai radiators. in 3articuiar those for motor vehicies.
Radiators for motor vehicles are known that include a
pluralitY of vertical tubes which as a erouD. form the
circuit for the thermal exchanee fluid. as well as a
D luralitY of fins. crossed by said tubes and maintained in
contact with these in order to euarantee thermal exchanee.
If the constraint between the tubes and the fins is
carried out by braze weldine. the radiators are called
brazed. whereas if this constraint takes Dlace bY the
mechanical expansion of the tubes. the radiators are called
mechanical.
The technical field to which the Dresent invention
belones is that of mechanical radiators.
Currently, the operation of enlar~ine or expanding the
tubes takes place by means of special machines, called
"inflators", which are fitted with a number of rods equal to
the number of tubes to be expanded and which have, applied to
one end, an elongated bulbous body, called "olive", made in
i~
hardened steel, havin,e~ an external diameter equal to the
final diameter of the individual tubes.
These rods are forcibly pushed into the tubes, in such a
way as that the corresponding olives permanently dilate the
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tUDqS. thus bindinP thqm in a staolq ~osition to ~he Dack of
fins.
All known inflatine machines wor~. therefore. bY
thrustine the rods and. therefore. the rods are frontal 1Y
loaded. Due to the fact that these rods have a diameter of
aDproximately 6-10 mm and a length of more than 1~00 mm. they
are extremely thin and. therefore, are unsuitable for
efficiently supportin~ frontal loadin~. As a result. the
advancement of the rods is discontinuous. determining an
ununiformity in the enlargement of the tubes and a consequent
bad coupling with certain fins. Moreover. the operative speed
is reduced and sophisticated control means are required in
order to assure the correct advancement of the rods into the
tubes.
~ These drawbacks, which become increansin~ly accentuated
as the diameter of the tube diminishes and as their length
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increases, may be eliminated by makin~ the rods work by
traction instead of by thrust but, up until now, a satisfying
solution to this problem has not been found, due to the
20 necessity of havin~ to insert the single rods from the end of ~-~
the tubes opposite to the end in which the traction apparatus
should be found and, therefore, due to the necessity of
`~havin~ these rods separable from the said traction apparatus,
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with all the iimits and difficuities that the seDara~ion and
the succes~ive constraint involvQs, esDecial 1Y as far as
industrial production is concerned.
A main aim of the invention is to realize a machine that
5 is able to carry o-lt the treatment of inflating the tubes in
mechanical radiators by eliminating the above mentioned
drawbacks. tha~ is a machine in which the expansion rods are
activated by traction instead of thrust.
A further aim of the invention is to realize a machine
; 10 that allows a high operative speed to be reached.
A further aim of the invention is to realize a machine ~ -
that permits automatie working eycles to be earried out. ~ ~
A further aim of the invention is to realize a machine ~ --
that allows the rapid re-equipping in order to operate
radiators with different eharaeteristics.
These and other aims that are described in the
following deseription are achieved, aecording to the
invention, through a maehine for produeing meehanieal
radiators~ in partieular those for motor vehieles, as
deseribed in elaim 1.
The prsene invention is hereinafter further elarified in
its two embodiments with refenee to the enelosed sheets of
drawing~ in ~hich:
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rieure 1 shows in front Vi9W the machine accordin to the
invention. in a fir~t embodiment.
FiÆurq 2 shows the machine accordin~ to thq vsrtical section
II-II of Fi~ure 1.
Fi~ure 3 partiallv shows the machine according to an enlar~ed
hori70ntal section III-III of Figure 1,
Figure 4 partially shows the machine according to the
vertical section IV-IV of Figure 3.,
Figure 5 partially. shows the machine accordin~ to the
vertical section V-V of Figure 1,
Figure 6 shows the frontal section of the machine in a
;~ different embodiment, and
Figure 7 shows the machine according to the vertical section ~:
VI-VI of Fi~ure ~ ,r
As can be seen from the drawings, the machine according
to the invention includes, in the embodiment illustrated in
Figures 1 to 5, a loading table 1 fitted to receive the
radiant mass ~ to be treated, that is the group of fins 3
crossed by the tubes 4 that must be stabilized to the latter
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for expansion.
This loadin~ table 1 is fixed and is provided with
vertical shoulders 5 for the lateral constraint of the : .`
radiane masa 2, as well as wiehwo horizon~al containin~
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piatqs. a fixed upper one 6 and a lower one 7. vertjcally
mobile. driven by oleodynamic iacks ~. The group of these
shoulder~ 5 and of these plates 6 and 7 make up a perimetral
delimination frame of the radiant mass 2 that once placed on
these is stably held in its seat by a front door ~ that
blocks it during treatment. . .
Placed above the loading table 1 is a moving apparatus . ~ -~
for a plurality of rods 10, each of which is fitted at the ~.
lower end, with a traditional "olive" 11 for the expansion of
the tubes 4.
In the drawings, this apparatus is represented with a
hook and tow plate, generically indicated by 12, whereas all
of the handlins and control means, that can be considered to
be of the traditional type, have only been indicated
lS schematically- - :
This hook and tow plate 12 includes an external frame
13, within which two toothed plates 14,14' slide in opposite
directions, which, in this way, can vary the distance between
the respective teeth from a maximum value, slightly more than
the diameter of the rods 10, to a minimum value,
corresponding to the diameter of a circumferential groove 15
; engraved on the end of the rod itself opposite the olive 11
~ just underneath an extremal tapering. ~ :
3 2 ~
The opDo.sed lon~i~udinal movqment of the two toothed
plates 14 14' ta~es place simultaneouslY, operated by a pair
of actuators syncronized with the other elements in order to
assure the correct execution of the operative cycle, and not
shown in the drawings for the sake of illustrative
semplicity.
Placed under the loading table 1 is a fixed plate 16 for
centering the rods 10 and an underlying plate 17, vertically
mobile with respect to the fixed plate 16, to receive, with a
light elastic forcing or other suitable systems, the olives
;11 of said rods 10. In particular, the fixed plate 16 may
either be of the analogous type to plate 12 or, more simply,
may be a metallic plate perforated in line with the
;~ . distribution of the tube 4 in the radiant mass 2. The lower
plate 17 is, on the other hand, provided with a plurality of
seats 18 internally fitted with elastic holding means for the
olives 11.
~` The lower mobile plate 7 of the loading table 1 is
provided, in correspondence with each rod 10, with a vertical
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through hole 19, of internal diameter slightly superior to
:~ the maximum diameter of the olives 10 and provided with a
flaring 20 on its lower side. Ducts 2~ lead into each hole ~ ;
1~; the ducts, together with the manifolds 23 make up a
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iubrication network for t he olives 11 durine the expansion
phase of the tubes 4. This network is connected to a
recirculation pump and to a filter. neither of which are ~.
illustrated in the drawings.
Moreover, between the fixed plate 16 for centering rods
10 and the mobile plate 17 for holding the olives, a
plurality of intermediate strips 24 is placed, connected each
other to through guide mechanisms 25 and with the ends
sliding along vertical guides 26, fixed to the machine
structure in order to assure the substantial parallelism of
the rods 10 when the plates 16 and 17 are at the utmost
spaced apart notwithstanding the length and the flexibility
of said rods.
, The operating of the machine in this first embodiment is
`~ 15 as follows: ~-
if, for clarity's sake, the instant in which the radiant mass
2 has just been placed on the loading table 1 is taken as the
initial instant, in this phase ~see Fig. 1)~
- the hook and tow plate 12 is situated at the lower end of
travel position with the teeth of the plates 14,14' at the .
utmost spaced apart, ~ ,
~: - the mobile plate 17 for holding the olives 11 is situated
at the lower end of travel position, and ;~
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- the rods 10 are supported from below by plate 17, which
houses in each seat 18 an olive 11 and are Xept parallel
with respect to each other thanks to their en~a~ement in
corresponding openings in the fixed centering plate 16 and
the intermediate strips 24, said openind having a lar~e
enough diameter for the passage not only of the rods 10,
but also of the olives 11.
After the radiant mass 2 has been placed on the loading
table 1, the front door ~ is closed, thus blocking the mass 2
against the wall opposite the table 1 and the lifting of the
:~ lower plate 7, which blocks the mass 2 itself against the
fixed upper plate 6, is simultaneously caused.
~;After the radiant mass 2 has, in this way, been stably
~ blocked w;th respect to the loading table 1, an automatic
`.~ :15 command given to the plate 17 causes the latter to rise, also
'~ ~causing the consequent insertion of the upper end of all of
the rods 10 into the tubes 4 of the radiant mass 2. This
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`~operation is facilitated by the tapering 21 of the upper end
~ of the rods 5 and the flarin~ 20 of the holes 1~ in the lower :~
plate 7 of the table 1.
Since, obviously, the length of the rods 10 is greater
`than the length of the tubes 4, when the olives 11 are still
housed in the respective seats 18 of plate 17, the upper ends
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of the rod~ r~hemselves will. naturally, exit from the upper
plate 6 of the ~able 1 and can be engaged by the teeth of the
plate 14.14'.
A subsequent command to the actuator member of these
5 plates 14,14' will cause the teeth to reciprocally draw
together, engaging the rods 10 in correspondence with their
circumferential groove 15.
At this point the traction of the rods 10 can begin,
which are in this way forced to pass through, together with
10 their terminal olive 11, the corresponding tubes 4, thus
expanding them.
~ As this expansion takes place, the olives are obviously
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sprayed with oil which is let into the tubes 4 through the
r ducts 22 and, at the same time, the plate 7 is forced to
15 remain adherent to the overlying radiant mass 2 that,
following the expansion of its tubes 4, undergoes an
::~ inevitable shortening.
At the end of the ascqnt travel but before the rods 10
have completely exited from the respective tubes 4, the ~'
~ 20 inversion of the travel of the tow plate 12 is operated, : ~:
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¦~ which makes the rods 10 repeat the reverse course into the
l tubes 4, until the olives 11, after having repeated the
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~`: passage through the holes of the lower plate 7 of the table 1 ~ :~
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as w911 as of the centerin~ plate 16 are elastically engaged
in the respective seats 18 of the mobile plate 17.
At this point, ehe teeth of the plates 14,14' open to ~:
disengage the rods 10 and the descent travel of the plate 17
is simultaneously operated, until the rods themselves have
been made to descend and have been made to fully exit the
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tubes 4 without, however, disengaging them from the fixed
centering plate,16.
At this point, the radiant mass 2, completely released
from the rods 10, is made to undergo an action of final
"pressing" by the plate 7, to compensate for the inevitable
:~ ununiformity in shortening of the various tubes 4 during
`~ their expansion and, at ~he end of this phase, the front door
9 is opened to lift out the radiator 2 thus obtained and to
subs~itute it with a new radiator to be submitted to the same
i~ ` operative cycle.
Naturally, when it is necessary to provided with the
~`: execution of the treatment on radiant masses with different
characteristics (dimensions, number and distribution of the
tubes, internal diameter of the tubes), it is necessary to
carry out the reequipping of the machine. This operation is
carried out by replacing the loading table 1, or parts of
this, as required by the new conformation of the radiator, as
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well as by replacing the hook and tow plate 12. the centering
plate 16, the intermediate strips 24! the ~upport plate 17 of
the olives 11 and the rods 10. This operation, however, can
also be automatized and, in any Gase, does not require long
intervention times. In particular, for re-equipping
operations, two mobile trolleys 27,28 can be used. The first
27, orthogonally mobile with respect to the plane of the
drawin~ (Fig. ll is used for the substitution of the hook and
tow plate 12, while the second 28, parallely mobile with
respect to the plane of the drawing, is used for the
substitution of the fixad centering plate 16, of the mobile r~
plate 17 and of the intermediate strips 24. -
;Both trolleys are of the double type and while one part
~ maintains t~he various element in the operative position, the
;~15 other part is ready to receive the new elements, so that the
ré-equipping can be carried out by only moving the two
trolleys from one end of travel position to the other. On the -
other hand, the substitution of table 1 is preferably carried
out by hand.
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From the foregoing it is evident that the machine,
accGrding to the invention, presents much greater advantages
than traditional machines, inasmusch as:
- it makes the rods work by traction and therefore, by not
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~uDmitting them to frontal loadin~ does not make ~hem bend
and assure~ a continuous movement along the tube tO be
enlarged and a uniformity in the enlargement carried out,
- it operates at a higher work speed, due to the fact that
the traction allows a higher speed of axial movement of the
rods to be reached than that in the case of thrust and, at
the same time does not require rigorous controls that, on
the contrary, are required by the others.
In the embodiment shows in Figures 6 and 7, it being
; 10 understood that the basic principle is that of submitting the
rods 10 wieh the olives 11 to traction, the machine provides
the complete release of the lower end of the rods (the end,
that is, fittad with the olive 11~, from the radiator that
.has just undergone to treatment, making them then re-descend
to the outside of the tubes 4. In this case, the loading
table 1 is of the overturning kind, in order to aid in the
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positioning and the removal of the radiant mass 2 and, as
: well as being provided with the fixed centering plate 16, it
is also provided with another centering plate 16', mobile
between a lower position adiacent to the fixed plate of the
previous example, and an upper position, above the radiant
mass 2, to assure the centering of the rods 10 coming out of
the tubes 4 of said radiant mass 2.
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Thq operatin~ of the machine according to the invention
in this different embodiment is as follows, with reference to
an instant considered initial, in which tsee Fig. 6):
- the radiant mass 2 is situated in the operative position,
- the tow plate 12 is situated at the lower end of travel
position, with the teeth of the plate 14,14' open to
receive the upper end of the rods 10,
- the mobile centering plate 16' is situated at the upper end
of travel position, with the openings facing the tubes 4 of
the radiant mass 2, and
:~ . - the plate 17 is situated at the lower end of travel
position, with the seats 18 that accomodate the olives 11.
: :At this point, an ascent command to the plate 17 causes
the introduction of the rods 10 into the corresponding tubes
4 of the radiant mass 2, until the upper end of said rods,
after having passed through the openings of the mobile
centering plate 16', can place, as in the previous case,
between the teeth of the tow plate 12, which will reinsert
themselves to engage said rods before raising them to carry
out the enlargement of the tubes.
The ascent travel of the plate 12 stops only after the
rods 10 have completely exited from the tubes 4, but have not
crossed the correspondin~ openings of the mobile centering :
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plate 1~`. A~ this point, the radiant mass ' is removqd by
the overturning action of the table 1 and at the same time,
a command is given for the simultaneous descent of the tow
plate 12 and of the mobile centering plats 16', until the
rods 10, which are kept perfectly centered, pass through,
together with the olive 11, the openings of the fixed
centering plate 1~ and engage themselves in the seats 18 of
the plate 17. At this point, the teeth of the plate 14,14'
are opened, and a command is also given for the descent of
the plate 17 holding the olives 11 and the re-ascent of the
tow plate 12 and of the mobile centering plate 16'. At the
end of the ascent travel of these plates 12 and 1~, the
machine is ready to receive a new radiant mass 2 and to
. repeat the-operative cycle.
The embodiment hereabove described presents all of the
advantages of the previous one as well as otner advantages,
in particular:
- a sole travel of the rods 10 inside the tubes 4 and,
therefore, the total elimination of risks involving the
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alteration of the freshly carried out swelling, following the
possible variation in disposition of the olives 11 durine the
thrust phase in the return travel, and
- a higher operative speed, due to the possibility of using
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ths dqad time of the return travel of the rods 19 to carry
out the ~ubstitution of ~he radiator 2.
It shoul~ be noted that in this second embodiment, the
upper fixed plate 6 of the overturning table 1 cannot be, as
in the case of the previous embodiment, a simple perforated
plate, but must be an analogous plate with respect to the
hook and tow plate 12, that is, provide with mobile toothed
portions; in fact, the latter must be able to hold the upper
end of the tubes 4 during treatment and, at the same time,
allows the passage of the olives 11 at the end of this.
However, due to the fact that the toothed portions work in a
~: different manner and are made to undergo different levels of
- stress, it is prerable, for the sake of semplicity, that the
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two toothed portions be maintained with the teeth brought
: 15 nearer to each other by springs, which only permit the
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~ passage of the olives.
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