Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
V1'O 91/00331 _ 1 _ PCT/EP90/00971
LIOUID DETERGENT COMPOSITION
The present invention is concerned with liquid detergent
compositions of the kind containing a structure formed
from detergent active material, the detergent-active
structure existing as a separate phase dispersed within
a predominantly aqueous phase. This aqueous phase
usually contains dissolved electrolyte. In particular
the present invention relates to liquid detergent-active
structured compositions containing significant levels of
nonionic detergent materials.
The present invention is concerned with liquid detergent
compositions which are "internally structured" in that
the structure is formed by primary detergent active
ingredients.
Such structuring is very well known in the art and may
be deliberately brought about to endow properties such
as consumer preferred flow properties and/or turbid
appearance. Many detergent-active structured liquids are
also capable of suspending particulate solids such as
detergency builders and abrasive particles.
Some of the different kinds of detergent-active
structuring which are possible are described in the
reference H.A. Barnes, "Detergents", Ch.2. in K. Walters
(Ed), "Rheometry: Industrial Applications", J. Wiley &
Sons, Letchworth 1980. In general, the degree of
ordering of such systems increases with increasing
surfactant and/or electrolyte concentrations. At very
low concentrations, the surfactant can exist as a
molecular solution. or as a solution of spherical
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micelles, both of these being isotropic. With the
addition of further surfactant and/or electrolyte,
structured (anisotropic) systems can form. They are
referred to respectively, by various terms such as rod-
s micelles, planar lamellar structures, lamellar droplets
and liquid crystalline phases. Often, different workers
have used different terminology to refer to the
detergent-active structures which are really the same.
For instance, in European patent specification EP-A-151
884, lamellar droplets are called "spherulites". The
presence and identity of a surfactant structuring system
in a liquid may be determined by means known to those
skilled in the art for example, optical techniques,
various rheometrical measurements, x-ray or neutron
diffraction, and sometimes, electron microscopy.
Electrolyte may be only dissolved in the aqueous
continuous phase or may also be present as suspended
solid particles. Particles of solid materials which are
insoluble in the aqueous phase may be suspended
alternatively or in addition to any solid electrolyte
particles.
Three common product forms in this type are liquids for
heavy duty fabrics washing and liquid abrasive and
general purpose cleaners. In the first class, the
suspended solid can comprise suspended solids which are
substantially the same as the dissolved electrolyte,
being an excess of same beyond the solubility limit.
This solid is usually present as a detergency builder,
i.e. to counteract the effects of calcium ion water
hardness in the wash. In the second class, the suspended
solid usually comprises a particulate abrasive,
insoluble in the system. In that case the electrolyte,
present to contribute to the structuring of the active
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3
from the abrasive compounds. In certain cases, the
abrasive can however comprise partially soluble salts
which dissolve when the product is diluted. In the
third class, the structure is usually used for
thickening the product to give consumer-preferred flow
properties, and sometimes to suspend pigment particles.
Compositions of the first kind are described in for
example our patent specification EP-A-38,101 whilst
examples of those in the second category are described
in our specification EP-104,452. Those in the third
category are for example, described in US 4,244,840.
The dispersed detergent-active structure in these
liquids is generally believed to consist of an onion-
like configuration comprising concentric bilayers of
detergent active molecules, between which is trapped
water (aqeuous phase). These configurations of
detergent-active material are sometimes referred to as
lamellar droplets. It is believed that the close-packing
of these droplets enables the solid materials to be kept
in suspension. The lamellar droplets are themselves a
sub-set of lamellar structures which are capable of
being formed in detergent active/aqueous electrolyte
systems. Lamellar droplet systems in general, are a
preferred category of structures which can exist in
detergent liquids.
The present invention is related to detergent-active
structured detergent compositions comprising a
significant level of nonionic surfactants.
It has been suggested in GB 2 123 846 (Albright and
Wilson) examples 49 to 55, to formulate detergent-active
structured detergent compositions with high levels of
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compositions suggested in these examples are not
satisfactory in that they suffer from instability.
It has now been found that stable detergent-active
structured detergent compositions containing significant
levels of nonionic detergent surfactants can be
formulated, provided that a specific mixture of nonionic
materials is used.
Accordingly the present invention is related to an
aqueous detergent-active structured liquid detergent
composition, comprising:
(a) a first nonionic surfactant having an HLB of
12.0 or more;
(b) a second nonionic material selected from:
(i) C6-C20 aliphatic alcohols;
(ii) alkoxylated Cg-C24 fatty alcohols, fatty
acids, fatty amides or fatty amines,
containing from 1-3 alkoxy groups of 2-4
C atoms;
(iii) nonionics of the folllowing formula:
RO(CnH2n0)x(CH2CH(OH)CH20)yH
wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl group
having from 9 to 25 carbon atoms, n is 2
to 4, x is from 0 to 3, y is from 1-3,
the alkylene oxide and glycerol groups
are arranged in random or block
formation, preferably the molecule is
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group;
(iv) mono- or di esters of fatty acids and
C2_4 polyols, or esters of fatty acids
5 with reducing hexose or pentose sugars;
or mixtures therof;
(c) optionally an anionic surfactant material up to
a level of 50 weight ~ of the total of
components a,b and c.
Suitable first nonionic materials having an HLB of more
than 12 include in particular the reaction products of
compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive
hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids,
amides or alkyl phenols with alkylene oxides, especially
ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide. The
number of alkylene oxide groups together with the chain
length of the hydrophobic groups are selected to provide
an HLB of above 12Ø
Examples of nonionic materials having an HLB value above
12 are given in table 1. From this table it is clear
that nonionic materials of an HLB above 12.0 generally
are characterised by the presence of relative high
numbers of alkoxy groups. For the purpose of this
invention preferably high HLB nonionics are used which
comprise between 5 and 15, more preferred between 6 and
12 EO groups. The HLB of the first nonionic material is
preferably between 12.0 and 18.0, more preferred between
12.0 and 16.0, especially preferred between 12.0 and
14Ø
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table 1
COMPOUND HLB VALUE
stearyl alcohol 10 EO 12.4
tridecyl alcohol 8 EO 12.7
cetyl alcohol 10 EO 12.9
nonylphenol 10 EO 13.3
tallow fatty acid 15 EO 13.4
lanolin alcohols 16 EO 15.0
propylene glycol monostearate 25 EO 16.0
stearic acid 40 EO 16.9
The second nonionic material for use in compositions
according to the present invention generally comprises a
relatively long hydrophobic group in combination with no
or a relatively small hydrophilic group. For the purpose
of the present invention these nonionic materials are
selected from fatty alcohols, alkoxylated compounds
comprising from 1 to 3 alkoxy groups, glycerol
terminated nonionic compounds comprising from 0-3 alkoxy
groups, and esters of fatty acids and short chain
polyols or reducing hexose or pentose sugars.
Suitable fatty alcohols include the C8-C20 aliphatic
alcohols, such as primary or secondary, linear or
branched alcohols. Preferably linear, primary alcohols
are used. Preferably the C10-Clg alcohols are used,
especially the C12-C15 alcohols are preferred, these
alcohols have been found to enhance the cleaning
performance of detergent compositions according to the
present invention. Partucularly preferred is the use of
dodecanol. Also, polyhydric alcohols such as fatty
alcohol diols, preferably dodecanediol may be used.
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Suitable alkoxylated materials which may be used are
the reaction products of a hydrophobic group such as a
Cg-C24 fatty alcohol, fatty acid, fatty amide or fatty
amine with 1-3 alkylene oxide groups, especially
ethylene oxide eventually in combination with propylene
oxide. Preferably fatty alcohol adducts are used.
Particularly advantageous in the use of stearyl alcohol
3 EO.
l0 Glycerol terminated nonionic materials may be prepared
by optionally subjecting a Cg-C25 higher alcohol to an
addition reaction with alkylene oxide, especially
ethylene oxide followed by epichlorhydrin or glycerol in
an inert atmosphere using an acid or alkali catalyst. In
the case of epichlorin, the alcohol is ethoxylated with
0 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide per molecule according
to well-known methods. The product is subsequently
reacted with 1 to 1.5 moles of epichlorohydrin in the
presence of an acid catalyst and the product is treated
with potassium hydroxide acetylated and hydrolysed.
Alternatively, after eventual ethoxylation of the
alcohol as already described, the ethoxylate is treated
with 1 to 1.5 moles of glycidol in the presence of
either an alkaline or acidic catalyst. After the
reaction the catalyst is neutralised, dehydrated in
vacuum and solids produced by neutralisation filtered
off to leave the desired nonionic.
When an acid catalyst is used, this may be sodium
hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium or potassium
metal or sodium methoxide, the reaction temperature
being between 30°C and 90°C.
Preferably glycerol terminated nonionics are used which
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4 ~"
group . ~~
8
Preferred fatty acid esters of polyols are mono- or
diglycerides of C10-20 fatty acids. Preferred fatty acid
esters of reducing hexose or pentose sugars are
described in WO 89/01480 (NOVO INDUSTRI) and are of the
formula:
(R-COO)nX-OR1
wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl group having from 7 to
18 carbon atoms, R1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having
from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n is preferably 1, and X is a
carbohydrate moiety containing one hexose or pentose
unit.
Also mixtures of the nonionic materials listed above may
be used.
Preferably the weight ratio of the first nonionic
material to the second nonionic material is between 10:1
to 1:10, more preferred from 10:1 to 1:1, especially
preferred from 8:1 to 2:1, most preferred from 6:1 to
3:1.
Preferably the level of the first nonionic material is
more than 1% by weight, more preferred more than 5%,
especially preferred more than 10%. Typical levels are
from 1- 35 %, more preferred 5-25% by weight,
especially from 10 to 15%.
Preferably the level of the second nonionic material is
more than 1 % by weight, more preferred more than 2%,
especially preferred more than 3%. Typical levels are
from 1- 35 0, more preferred 2-10%, especially from 3 to
8% by weight.
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The total level of nonionic surfactant materials in the
composition is preferably more than 5% by weight, more
preferred more than 7 %, typically from 10 to 35%,
especially preferred from 10 to 25 % by weight.
It has been found advantageous to use combinations of
nonionic materials containing materials of which the
hydrophobic chain length is about the same. Preferably
the ratio of the number of carbon atoms in the
hydrophobic group of the first nonionic material to the
number of carbon atoms in the hydrophobic group of the
second nonionisc material is between 1.5:1 and 1:1.5.
more preferred between 1.2:1 and 1:1.2.
Compositions according to the invention may optionally
comprise small amounts of anionic materials. These
materials when present are included at a level of less
than 50% by weight of the total of surfactant active
materials, more preferably less than 40%, especially
preferred less than 30%. Particularly preferred are
formulations which contain less than 10% on active of
anionic surfactants, most preferred are compositions
comprising substantially no anionic surfactants.
Suitable anionic surfactants are usually water-soluble
alkali metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates
having alkyl radicals.containing from about 8 to about
22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include
the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals. Examples of
suitable synthetic anionic detergent compounds are
sodium and potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those
obtained by sulphating higher (C8-Clg) alcohols
produced for example from tallow or coconut oil, sodium
and potassium alkyl (Cg-C20) benzene sulphonates,
particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C10-C15)
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sulphates, especially those ethers of the higher
alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and
synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum; sodium
coconut oil fatty monoglyceride sulphates and
5 sulphonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric
acid esters of higher (Cg-Clg) fatty alcohol-alkylene
oxide, particularly ethylene oxide, reaction products;
the reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut
fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and
10 neutralised with sodium hydroxide; sodium and potassium
salts of fatty acid amides of methyl taurine; alkane
monosulphonates such as those derived by reacting alpha-
olefins (Cg-C20) with sodium bisulphite and those
derived from reacting paraffins with S02 and C12 and
then hydrolysing with a base to produce a random
sulphonate; and olefin sulphonates, which term is used
to describe the material made by reacting olefins,
particularly C10-C20 alpha-olefins, with S03 and then
neutralising and hydrolysing the reaction product. The
preferred anionic detergent compounds are sodium (C11-
C15) alkyl benzene sulphonates and primary sodium or
potassium (C16-Clg) alkyl sulphates.
It is also possible, and sometimes preferred, to include
other anionic materials in the composition such as
alkali metal soaps of a fatty acid, especially a soap of
an acid having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example
oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, and fatty acids derived
from castor oil, rapeseed oil, groundnut oil, coconut
oil, palmkernel oil or mixtures thereof. The sodium or
potassium soaps of these acids can be used.
In many (but not all) cases, the total detergent active
material may be present at from 2% to 60% by weight of
the total composition, for example from 5% to 40% and
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The liquid compositions according to the present
invention preferably have a pH of above 7.0, more
preferred from 7.5 to 12.0, ideally between 8.5 and 11.0
at 25 °C.
Compositions according to the invention are preferably
physically stable in that they yield no more than 2% by
volume phase separation when stored at 25°C for 21 days
from the time of preparation.
The viscosity of compositions according to the present
is preferably less than 2500 mPas, more preferred less
than 1500 mPas, especially preferred between 30 and 1000
mPas at 21 s-1.
One way of regulating the viscosity and stability of
compositions according to the present invention is to
include viscosity regulating polymeric materials.
Viscosity and/or stability regulating polymers which are
preferred for incorporation in compositions according to
the invention include deflocculating polymers having a
hydrophilic backbone and at least one hydrophobic side
chain. Such polymers are for instance described in our
copending European application 346 995.
Deflocculation polymers for use in detergent
formulations according to the present invention may be
of anionic, nonionic or cationic nature. Nonionic
deflocculation polymers are preferred.
The hydrophilic backbone of the polymer is typically a
homo-, co- or ter-polymer containing carboxylic acid
groups (or more preferably) salt forms thereof), e.g.
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12
together or with other monomer units such as vinyl
ethers, styrene etc. The hydrophobic chain or chains
typically are selected from saturated and unsaturated
alkyl chains, e.g. having from 5 to 24 carbon atoms and
are optionally bonded to the backbone via an alkoxylene
or polyalkoxylene linkage, for example a polyethoxy,
polypropoxy or butyloxy (or mixtures of same) linkage
having from 1 to 50 alkoxylene groups. Thus, in some
forms, the side chains) will essentially have the
character of a nonionic surfactant. Preferred polymers
are disclosed in our copending European patent
application 346 995.
Preferably the amount of viscosity regulating polymer is
from 0.1 to 5o by weight of the total composition, more
preferred from 0.2 to 2%.
In many cases it is preferred for the aqueous continuous
phase to contain dissolved electrolyte. As used herein,
the term electrolyte means any ionic water soluble
material. However, in lamellar droplet dispersions, not
all the electrolyte is necessarily dissolved but may be
suspended as particles of solid because the total
electrolyte concentration of the liquid is higher than
the solubility limit of the electrolyte. Mixtures of
electrolytes also may be used, with one or more of the
electrolytes being in the dissolved aqueous phase and
one or more being substantially only in the suspended
solid phase. Two or more electrolytes may also be
distributed approximately proportionally, between these
two phases. In part, this may depend on processing, e.g.
the order of addition of components. On the other hand,
the term "salts" includes all organic and inorganic
materials which may be included, other than surfactants
and water, whether or not they are ionic, and this term
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13
soluble materials).
The only restriction on the total amount of detergent
active material and electrolyte (if any) is that in the
lamellar droplet compositions embraced in the present
invention, together they must result in formation of an
aqueous lamellar dispersion. Thus, within the ambit of
the present invention, a very wide variation in
surfactant types and levels is possible. The selection
of surfactant types and their proportions, in order to
obtain a stable liquid with the required structure will
be fully within the capability of those skilled in the
art. However, it can be mentioned that an important sub-
class of useful compositions is those where the
detergent active material comprises blends of different
surfactant types.
In the case of blends of surfactants, the precise
proportions of each component which will result in such
stability and viscosity will depend on the types) and
amounts) of the electrolytes, as is the case with
conventional detergent-active structured liquids.
The compositions optionally also contain electrolyte in
an amount sufficient to bring about structuring of the
detergent active material. Preferably though, the
compositions contain from 1% to 60%, especially from 10
to 45% of a salting-out electrolyte. Salting-out
electrolyte has the meaning ascribed to in specification
EP-A-79 646, that is all electrolytes having a lyotropic
number of less than 9.5. Optionally, some salting-in
electrolyte (as defined in the latter specification) may
also be included, provided it is of a kind and in an
amount compatible with the other components and the
composition is still in accordance with the definition
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electrolyte~~hether salting-in or salting-out), or any
substantially water insoluble salt which may be present,
may have detergency builder properties. In any event, it
is preferred that compositions according to the present
invention include detergency builder material, some or
all of which may be electrolyte. The builder material is
any capable of reducing the level of free calcium ions
in the wash liquor and will preferably provide the
composition with other beneficial properties such as the
generation of an alkaline pH, the suspension of soil
removed from the fabric and the dispersion of the fabric
softening clay material.
Examples of phosphorus-containing inorganic detergency
builders, when present, include the water-soluble salts,
especially alkali metal pyrophosphates, orthophosphates,
polyphosphates and phosphonates. Specific examples of
inorganic phosphate builders include sodium and
potassium tripolyphosphates, phosphates and
hexametaphosphates. Phosphonate sequestrant builders may
also be used.
Examples of non-phosphorus-containing inorganic
detergency builders, when present, include water-
soluble alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, silicates
and crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicates. Specific
examples include sodium carbonate (with or without
calcite seeds), potassium carbonate, sodium and
potassium bicarbonates, silicates and zeolites.
In the context of inorganic builders, we prefer to
include electrolytes which promote the solubility of
other electrolytes, for example use of potassium salts
to promote the solubility of sodium salts. Thereby, the
amount of dissolved electrolyte can be increased
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patent specification GB 1 302 543.
Examples of organic detergency builders, when present,
include the alkaline metal, ammonium and substituted
5 ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates,
polyacetyl carboxylates and polyhydroxysulphonates.
Specific examples include sodium, potassium, lithium,
ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilitriacetic acid,
10 oxydisuccinic acid, CMOS, melitic acid, benzene
polycarboxylic acids and citric acid.
Preferably the levl of non-soap builder material is from
0-50 %, more preferably 2-40 %, most preferably 5-30
15 by weight of the composition.
In the context of organic builders, it is also desirable
to incorporate polymers which are only partly dissolved,
in the aqueous continuous phase as described in EP
301.882. This allows a viscosity reduction (due to the
polymer which is dissolved) whilst incorporating a
sufficiently high amount to achieve a secondary benefit,
especially building, because the part which is not
dissolved does not bring about the instability that
would occur if substantially all were dissolved.
Typical amounts are from 0.5 to 4.5% by weight.
It is further possible to include in the compositions of
the present invention, alternatively, or in addition to
the partly dissolved polymer, yet another polymer which
is substantially totally soluble in the aqueous phase
and has an electrolyte resistance of more than 5 grams
sodium nitrilotriacetate in 100m1 of a 5% by weight
aqueous solution of the polymer, said second polymer
also having a vapour pressure in 20% aqueous solution,
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2% by weight or greater aqueous solution of polyethylene
glycol having an average molecular weight of 6000; said
second polymer having a molecular weight of at least
1000. Use of such polymers is generally described in our
EP 301,883.
The incorporation of the soluble polymer permits
formulation with improved physical stability at the same
viscosity (relative to the composition without the
soluble polymer) or lower viscosity with the same
stability. The soluble polymer can also reduce viscosity
drift, even when it also brings about a viscosity
reduction. Here, improved stability and lower viscosity
mean over and above any such effects brought about by
the deflocculating polymer.
It is especially preferred to incorporate the soluble
polymer with a partly dissolved polymer which has a
large insoluble component. That is because although the
building capacity of the partly dissolved polymer will
be good (since relatively high quantities can be stably
incorporated), the viscosity reduction will not be
optimum (since little will be dissolved). Thus, the
soluble polymer can usefully function to reduce the
viscosity further, to an ideal level. The soluble
polymer can, for example, be incorporated at from 0.05
to 20% by weight, although usually, from 0.1 to 2.5% by
weight of the total composition is sufficient, and
especially from 0.2 to 1.5 by weight. Often, levels
above these can cause instability.
Although it is possible to incorporate minor amounts of
hydrotropes other than water-miscible solvents, we
prefer that the compositions of the present invention
are substantially free from hydrotropes. By hydrotrope
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the solubility of surfactants in aqueous solution.
Apart from the ingredients already mentioned, a number
of optional ingredients may also be present, for example
lather boosters such as alkanolamides, particularly the
monoethanolamides derived from palm kernel fatty acids
and coconut fatty acids, fabric softeners such as clays,
amines and amine oxides, lather depressants, inorganic
salts such as sodium sulphate, and, usually present in
very minor amounts, fluorescent agents, perfumes,
enzymes such as proteases, amylases and lipases
(including Lipolase (Trade Mark) ex Novo), germicides
and colourants.
Amongst these optional ingredients, as mentioned
previously, are agents to which lamellar dispersions
without deflocculating polymer are highly stability-
sensitive and by virtue of the present invention, can be
incorporated in higher, more useful amounts. These
agents cause a problem because they tend to promote
flocculation of the lamellar droplets. Examples of such
agents are fluorescers like Blankophor RKH, Tinopal LMS,
and Tinopal DMS-X and Blankophor BBM as well as metal
chelating agents, especially of the phosphonate type,
for example the bequest range sold by Monsanto.
The compositions according to the invention may be
prepared by methods well known in the art. A
particularly preferred method for preparing the
compositions involves the formation of a non-aqueous
pre-mix comprising at least the two nonionic materials,
followed by dispersing this premix in water. This method
is particularly advantageous in that it avoids
difficulties in dissolving the second less water soluble
nonionic material.
The invention will now be illustrated by way of the
following Examples. In all Examples, unless stated to
the contrary, all percentages are by weight.
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EXAMPLES 1-3
The following compositions were prepared by premixing
the active materials followed by dispersing the mix in
water containing the electrolyte.
The following stable compositions were obtained:
EXAMPLE I II III
l0 Component weight ~ercentacre
dodecanol 3.8 3.2 3.2
C13-C15 7E0 15.2 12.8 12.8
Glycerol -- -- 5.0
borax -- -- 3.5
sodiumcitrate.2H20 4.8 4.0 --
water ------balan ce-----
viscosity (mPas 21 s-1) 845 1024 966
EXAMPLE 4
The following composition was prepared by a method as
described in example 1:
INGREDIENT %(WT)
Synperonic A7 12.5
Dodecanol 3.1
Glycerol 2.7
Borax 1.9
silicone (DB100) 0.2
zeolite(WessalithP) 15.6
water balance
This composition was stable and showed no phase
separation upon storage. The pH of the composition was
7.2.
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EXAMPLE 5
The following composition was prepared as in the
previous examples:
INGREDIENT %(wtl
Synperonic A7 12.9
Dodecanol 3.2
LAS (Marlon AS-3) 10.7
NaOH 1.4
sodiumcitrate.2H20 9.0
silicone (DB100) 0.2
polymer(a) 0.5
water balance
(a) deflocculating polymer being a copolymer of acrylic
acid and laurylmethacrylic acid in a ratio of 25 :1,
and a molecular weight of from 3,000 to 4,000.
EXAMPLE 6
The following composition was prepared as described
hereabove:
2 5 I NGRED I ENT %~ WT1
Synperonic A7 19.5
LAS (Marlon AS-3) 3.2
Oleic acid 7.4
Dobanol-2E0-Glycerol 4.9
Glycerol 4.9
Borax 3.4
sodium citrate.2H20 9.9
NaOH 1.4
polymer (a) 1.0
water balance
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~~ ~~~3~ ~~
Examt~le 7
The following composition was prepared by heating the
water to 50 °C and adding the ingredients in the listed
order under stirring, whereby the glucoside, borax and
5 Glycerol were added sequentially with 2 minutes
mixing/stirring between each addition. STP was added
gradually over a 10 minute period followed by further
stirring for 10 minutes before the addition of
Synperonic A7.
l0
Component %wt
demin water 56.0
alkanoyl glucosidel) 9.9
borax 3.2
15 glycerol 5.0
STPP 23.6
Synpreonic A7 2.3
1) ethyl 6-0-dodecanoyl glucoside ex NOVO
Example 8
The following composition was made as in example I
Component % wt
sodiumcitrate.2H20 2.7
Glycerol 5.4
Borax 4.3
Zeolite (Wessalith P) 27.0
alkanoyl glucosidel) 7.6
Synperonic A3 1.3
Synperonic A7 3.8
Sokolan PA50 (BASF) 0.4
water balance
1) ethyl 6-0-dodecanoyl glucoside ex NOVO
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Example ~ "~~ ~9
The following composition was made as in example 1
Component % wt
Glycerol 5.0
borax 3.5
Na-citrate.2aq 10.0
NaOH 2.3
LAS (Marlon AS-3) 18.7
polymerl) 1.0
Synperonic A7 8.0
dodecanediol 12.0
water balance
1) deflocculating polymer being a copolymer of acrylic
acid and laurylmethacrylic acid in a ratio of 25 :1,
and a molecular weight of from 3,000 to 4,000.
Examples 10-12
The following formulations were made as in example 1.
Component (% wt) 10 11 12
Synperonic A7 15.2 13.3 13.3
Nacitrate.2aq 4.8 4.8 4.8
dodecanediol 3.8 -- --
Cg_11 glycerol ether -- 5.7 --
glucosidel) -- -- 5.7
water -----balance-----
1) ethyl 6-0-dodecanoyl glucoside ex NOVO
SUBSTITUTE SHEET
