Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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S~ecification
Exterior Wall Units Comprising
Siding members and Tiles
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to exterior wall unit structures
using tiles applied to outside surface of buildings and,
more particularly, to exterior wall units having dry
construction formed by using siding members and tiles.
Prior Art Statement
In the prior art, there are well-known siding members,
which are in the form of boards comprising metal ba~e
members and fillers filling the base members for ensuring
insulation against heat and sound, the fillers being
synthetic resin foams such as polyurethane foam, glass wooi,
rock wool and asbestos~ They are used as exterior materials
or finishing materials for building construction~However
,any base member is formed as a fini:shing material by:
coating a steel~sheet and fitted as exposed exterior
materials~ Therfore, lts prooessing is~ limited, and it lacks
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imposing characters and high class senses.
On the other hand, tile -finishing is adopted for regular
buildings such as reinforced concrete buildings. It is
superior in imposing characters, and it is practiced in
various processes by setting tile units. However, joint
structures between adjacent tile units require site works by
experts skilled in the tile finishing and such works are
inefficient. Further, there is a social problem that the
number of the experts is decreasing. Further, the
solidification of mortar by drying imposes limitations on
the construction period.
There is a technique for simplifying the tile setting ,as
disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Disclosure
No.147,832/1984 In this technique, supports are secured to
plate members of a building body, and tiles are assembled by
sliding engagemant with the supports. In this case, however,
such site assembly works as the securing of the supports and
fitting of the tiles by sliding engagement are necessary
after securing the plate members on the building body side.
The process thus requires a large number of steps and fails
to greatly contribute to the reduction of construction
period. Besides, if an error is produced in the assembling
of the supports,it disables~subsequent regular tile
asembling and causes finish irregularities. At any rate,
therefore, works by experts are necessary.
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Su~mary of the invention
The present invention has been intended in the light Or
the above situation, and it has an obJect of providing an
exterior wall unit structure comprising one or more siding
members and one or more tile units, which can preclude the
drawbacks inherent in the prior art.
Another object of the invention is to provide an exterior
wall unit, which both the siding members and tile units are
provided with engaging means for mutual engagement. Thus it
enables to set tiles simutaneously with the assembling of
siding members to a buiiding body side.
To attain the above objects of the invention, ~there is
basically provided an exterior wall unit structure for
constituting the exterior wall of a b~iding structure, which
comprises a siding member made of metal and one or more
procelain tiles corresponding in size to and fitted to the
outside surface of the siding member, the siding me~ber
having the outside surface formed with engaging means
extending in the horizontal direction for engagement with
the tile or tiles, each tile being formed with engaging
means for engagement with the engaging means of the siding
member, each tile being coupled to the outside surface of
the siding member to be integral therewith with the
engagement of both the engaging means. The siding member may
be formed by metal sheet such that opposed paired sides
thereof are formed with connecting means enabling fitting
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connection between adjacent siding members.
According to the invention, the engaging means may be in
various forms. In a basic mode of the invention, the
engaging means of the siding member is constituted by a
downwardly directed and an upwardly directed L-shaped
portion formed along the upper and lower edges,
respectively, and the engaging means of each tile is
constituted by upper and lower edge portions capable of
being fitted in the spaces defined by the L-shaped portins.
each tile being fitted in the siding member with sidewise
sliding therealong, the engaging m~eans of the siding members
forming a tile cross joint when vertically adjacent siding
members are coupled together. Such siding members and tiles
are combined along with joint members fitted in tile build
joints.
In a second mode of the invention. the engaging means of
the siding member is constituted by two upwardly bent
portions one formed along the upper edge and the other
formed beneath and parallel thereto, and the engaging means
of each tile iæ constituted by two downwardly bent portions
formed at the time of molding on the back one along the
upper edge and the other beneath and parallel thereto. these
downwardly bent portions being supported by the upwardly
bent portions, each tlle being temporarily fitted to the
siding member when it is hooked thereon from above, a tile `!. '
cross joint member being fitted in a tile cross joint formed
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between vertically adjacent siding members coupled together
to secure the tiles having been temporarily fitted on the
upwardly bent portions.
In a third mode of the invention, the engaging means of
the siding member is constituted by an outside recessed
portion having a sectional profile like a dovetail, and the
engaging means of each tile is constituted by a metal member
fitted .in a back side recessed portion between the upper and
lower edges of the tile and corresponding in the width to
the outside recessed portion, each tile being elastically
fitted in and held by siding member by forcibly fitting the
metal member in the outside recessed portion of the siding
member, a tile cross joint member being fitted in a tile
cross joint formed between vertically adjacent siding
members coupled together.
In the above various modes, the siding member and tiles
are assembled together with thier engaging means to be
provided as exterior wall units having a size determined by
the size of the siding member. Thus, not only the drawbacks
noted above inherent in the prior art can be precluded, but
also any expert skill is no longer needed, and contribution
to the reduction of the construction period can be obtained.
The àbove and other objects, features and advantages of
the invention will become more apparent ~rom the detailed
description of the preferred embodiment when the same is
read with reference to the accompanying drawings.
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Brief Description of the Drawings
Figures 1 to 7 illustrate a basic structure of the
exterior wall unit according to the invention. in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly in section,
showing the outside surface of an exterior wall;
Figure 2 is a standard verical sectional view taken along
line A-A in Figure 1 showing the exterior wall;
Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken along line B-B
in Figure 1 showing a tile build joint;
Figure 4 and 5 are a front and a back vertical view,
respectively, showing features of a tile;
Figure 6 is a perspective view showing a tile ~uild joint
member; and
Figure 7 is a horizontal sectional view showing a tile
build joint member:
Figures 8 to 10 are vertical sectional views showing a
second to a fourth embodiment:
Figures 11 to 18 illustrate a second mode of the
invention, in which :
Figure 11 is a standard vertical sectional view showing an
exterior wall:
Figure 12 is a vertical sectional view showing a tile
build joint:
Figure 13 is a vertical sectional view showing a siding
member:
Figures 14 and 15 are a back vertical view and a vertical
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sectional view, respectively, showing a tile;
Figure 16 is a perspective view showing a tile build joint
member;
Figure 17 is a sectional view showing a tile cross joint
member; and
Figure 18 and 19 are horizontal sectional views showing
joints of siding members at an inside and an outside corner
of wall;
Figure 20 to 24 illustrate a third mode o~ the invention,
in which:
Figure 20 is a perspective view, partly in section,showing
an exterior wall unit;
Figure 21 is a standard vertical sectional view showing
the pertinent exterior wall;
Figure 22 is a back side perspective view showing a tile;
Figure 23 is a back side perspective view showing a trim
tile;
Figure 24 is a perspective view showing a tile build joint
member;
Figure 25 is a front vertical view ~howing a further
embodiment; and
Figure 26 is a view showing a joint between adjacent
siding members~ ~
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Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
The exterior wall unit structure according to the
invention will now be described in conjunction with
preferred embodiments of the invention applied to wooden
buildings.
Figures 1 to 7 show an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to the Figures, designated at 1 is a buildlng
frame part, e.g.,a pillar, a beam, a ~urring strip,etc.,at 2
is an exterior wall rough back. According to the invention,
the exterior wall 2 comprises siding members 10 and tiles 20
secured to one another. '
Each siding member is a board including a base member 11,
which is formed by bending a metal sheet and has regular
dimentions corresponding to a predetermined number of unit
tiles 20, a heatJsound insulating material 12 filling a back
side space defined by the base member 11, and a back finish
member 13. The heat/sound insulating material 12 may be
selected from well-known materials.
The base member 11 has edge overlap portions 14 and 15
formed along its upper and lower edges. Vertically adjacent
two base members 11 are connected together with the overlap
of their corresponding edge overlap portions 14 and 15. On
its exterior side, the base member 11 is provided with
engaging means 16. In this embodiment, the engaging means 16
is adapted to retain two.i.e..an upper and a lower. rows of
tiles 20. More specifically, it is constituted by an upper
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and a lower L-shaped flange 17 and an intermediate T-shaped
flange 18 located at the position O-r a tile bed joint. The
upper and lower L-shaped flanges 17 define respective
grooves open at the bottom and at the top. while the
intermediate T-shaped flange 18 defines an upper and a lower
groove 17 respectively facing the grooves of the upper and
lower L-shaped flanges 17. A tile bed joint member 19
constitutes part of the engaging means 16. The member 19 has
double the vertical dimension of the L-shaped flanges 18.
Each tile 20 is a porcelain tile. As shown in Figures 4
and 5, it has a main portion 21 and an upper and a lower
edge portion 22. The edge portions 21 and 22 have a
thickness t slightly smaller than the width b of the grooves
17. These portions constitute engaging means 23 to let the
tile be retained by the siding member 10. The main portion
21 is stepped with respect to the edge portions 22 has a
sectional profile projecting from the exterior surface of
the upper and lower L-shaped flanges 18 and intermediate bed
joint member 19.
As shown in Figure 3, a tile build joint member 30 is
provided~between adjacent members 20. As shown in Figures 6
and 7, the tile build joint members 30 has a sectional
profile like that of a hat. and it has a verical dimensin
such that it touches L-shaped flange at one end and touches
tile bed joint member 19 at the other end. It has a main
portion 31 and opposite side flange portlons 32. Each end of
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the main portion 31 has a bent end closure portion 33. Each
flange portion 32 has a thickness substantially equal to the
difference between the width b Or the grooves 17 and the
thickness t of the edge portions 22 of the tiles 20.
The siding members 10, tiles 20 and tile build joint
members 30 may be prepared as units for forming the exterior
wall 2, each unit being assembled with each siding member 10
as a base. Each flange 20, which has the sectional profile
as noted above and engaging means 20, it is fitted by
sliding it while being guided by an L-shaped flange 18 and a
corresponding side of tile be~ joint member 19. Tile build
joint members 30 are inserted alternately with tiles 20 and
fitted such that their flange portions 32 are laid on the
back side of the edge portions o~ the tiles 20. The engaging
means 16 of the siding members 10 are exposed as horizontal
tile build joints. but the engaging means 23 of the tiles 20
are not exposed as any exterior member.
According to the invention, the shapes and numbers of the
siding members 10 and tiles 20 of the exterior wall
formation unit may be suitably selected in ranges which do
not depart from the basic structure. Figures 8 to 10 are
sectional views showing modieications of the above exterior
wall formation unit. In the structure of Figure ~, each
siding member 10 and each tile 20 have upper edge engaging
means 16 and intermediate engaging means 23. Their lower
edges are not provided with any engaging means but are
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adapted for sliding engagement. In the structure o-~ Figures
9 and 10, each siding member 10 has a size corresponding to
three rows and a single row, respectively, of tiles 20.
Figures 11 to 17 show an exterior wall 2 according to a
second mode of the invention. In these Figures, each siding
member is designated at 110 instead of 10. For other parts,
only those like those in Figure 1 are designated by like
reference numerals. In this exterior wall, the siding member
110 is a board member constituted solely by a base member
111. However, it is possible to incorporate the insulating
material 12 and back finish member 13 having the structures
described above. The exterior engaging means of the base
member 111 for engagement with tiles 20 is designated at 116
instead of 16, and also the horizontal tile cross joint has
a different s~ructure. The tiles,therefore, are deslgnated
at 120 instead of 20.
Figure 13 shows the base member 111. As is shown, it is an
extrusion molded sheet-like member, and has an upper and a
lower lap portion I14 and 115. Between the upper lap portion
114 and an intermediate cross joint position is formed a
groove 117, in which a tile cross joint member 140 is fitted.
The exterior engaglng means 116 for engagement with tiles
120 consists of upwardly bent engaging portions 118 each
formed beneath each~groove 117 and a T-shaped engaging
portion ll9 Eormed between the groove 117 noted above and a
lower groove 117. That is, the engaging means two vertical
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steps, which recur one after another.
Figures 14 and 15 show the tile 120. As is shown. the tile
has a main portion 121, an upper and a lower engaging
portion 122 and 123 projecting from the back side o~ the
upper and lower edges of the main portion 121, an
intermediate engaging portion 124 projecting Erom the back
side of the main portion 121 and having a substantially L-
shaped sectional pro~ile and a further engaging portion 125
provided beneath the intermediate engaging portion 124. The
upper and intermediate engaging portions 122 and 124 have
respective downwardly inclined surfaces for engagement with
the respective engaging portions 118 and 119 of the
associated siding member 110. The engaging portion 125 is
held in stable contact with the outer surface of the
engaging portion 119. The engaging means 126 of the tile 120
has three steps.
A tile build joint member 130 is provided in each build
joint between horizontally adjacent tiles 120. As shown in
Figure 16, the tile build joint member 130 is an independent
bar-like member having a height corresponding to the height
o~ the tiles 120 and a width equal to the width of the tile
build joint. It has an upper and a lower engaging portion
132 and 133 projecting from the upper and lower edges of its
back side and engaing with the respectlve engaging portions
118 and 119 of the associated siding melnber 110. The
engaging portions 132 and 133 constitute engaging means 134.
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Unlike the engaging means 126 of the tile 120, ~ith the
engaging means 134, although the engaging portion 132 is
similar to the engaging portion 122, the engaging portion
133 has an L-shaped sectional prof ile having an upwardly
extending portion for engaging the engaging portion 119 from
below. The engaging portions 132 and 133 are engaged with
the engaging portions 118 and 119 only with horizontal
sliding of the member 130.
The siding members 110, tiles 120 and tile build joint
members 130 may be prepared as exterior wall ~ormation units.
Each tile 120, having the above sectional profile and
engaging means 126, is fitted by hooking its upper and
intermediate engaging portions 122 and 124 from above on the
respective engaging portions 118 and 119 of the associated
siding member 110 and having its intermedi~ate engaging
portion 125 in contact with the engaging portion 119~ This
state of fitting is a temporarily fitted one. The individual
tile build joint members 130 are fitted alterantely with
tiles 120. Since their engaging portions 132 and 133 form
opossing grooves, they can be fitted only by sIiding
engagement of them with the engaging portlons 118 and 119.
The temporarily fitted tiles 120 are secured in posltlon in
tile cross :joints by fitting tile cross jo~nt members 140 in
the grooves 117 of siding members 110.
Figure~i7 shows the tile cross joint member 140. This
member is~a strip-like one made of rubber or like elastic
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material. It has a leg portion 141 having mounting fims and
a hollow main portion 142, these portions being integral
with each other. The engaging means 116 on the side of the
siding member 110 and engaging means 126 on the side of the
tile 120 are initially engaged by mere hooking engagement.
With the leg portion 141 of each tile cross joint member 140
forcibly fitted in the associated groove 117, the main
portion 142 urges upper and lower tiles 120 and define the
gap therebetween as a cross joint. The member 140 thus
serves as a stopper against detachment of the tiles 120 in
the direction of releasing of the L-shaped engaging means
and secures the tiles 120 in position.
Figures 18 and 19 show corner matching parts of siding
members 110 at inside and outside corners of the exterior
wall 2. In the corner matching partsl the engaging portions
118 and 119 of the engaging means 116 in the correspondlng
ends of siding members 110 matched at the corner are cut
away. Water-proof sheets 150 are applied to flat matching
portions, which are formed in th~is way and free from
engaging means.
Figures 20 to 24 show an external wall structure according
to a third mode of the invention. In this structure. the
siding member and tile have modified engaging means. In the
Figures, the siding members~are designated at 210, and the
tiles at 220, while desingating parts like those in Figure 1
and associated Figures by like reference numerals. In this
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case,the structure of coupling of these parts is modified.
The siding member 21~ is a board-like member similar to
the siding member 10 and having an insulating material 12
and a back finish member 13. Its base snember 211 has a
modified structure having engaging means 216 for engagement
with tiles 220.
More specifically, the base member 211 has exterior tile
cross joint portions 212 projecting from a vertically
intermediate portion and a lower edge portion for engaging
with two rows of tiles 22~. In addition, it has two recessed
portion 213, one formed between an upper shoulder portion
extending from an upper lap portion 214 and the upper tile
cross joint portion 213. and the other formed between the
upper and lower tile cross joint portions 212. The recessed
portions 213 have a sectional profile like a dovetail and
constitute engaging means 216 for engagement with tiles 220.
Figure 22 shows the tile 220. As is shown, the tile 220
has a main portion 221 and engaging ridges 222 extending
along the upper and lower edges of its back. In the
sectional profile, i~ has a dovetail recessed portion 223
similar to the recessed portion 213. As the engaging means
on the tile side, a sheet-like engaging member 224 made of a
metal is fitted bet~ween the two engaglng ridges 224. The
engaging member 224~has a curved main portion;225 fltted ;-
with elasticity between the engaging ridges 222 arld an upper
and a lower foldedly formed engag~ng leg 226. With its main
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protion 225 fitted in ~he recessed portion elasticity in the
recessed por~ion 213 of the siding member 210. Of course, it
is possible to first fit the l~gs 226 of the engaging member
224 in the siding member 210 such that the main portion 225
projects therefrom and then fitting the tile 220 by pushing
the same.
Figure 23 is a perspective view showing a trim tile 220A
produced as a one-piece molding to be used for an outside
corner of a building 1. For this tile, two engaging members
224 are used. One of these engaging members 224 is fitted
with sliding enagaement, while the other one is fitted with
elastic fitting. Alternatively, both of them may be fitted
by elastic fitting. Similar fitting applies to an outside
corner trim tile 220A.
R tile build joint member 230 is provided in a tile build
joint between adjacent side-by-side tiles 220. As shown in
figure 24, the tile build joint member 230 is similar to the
tile build joint member 30 noted above and has a main
portion 231 and side flanges 232. The flanges 232 are laid
againt the baok surfaces of tiles 220, and the main portion
231 is flush with the exterior surfaces of the tile cross
build~joint members 212. Such build joint member 230 is
applicable not only to the~straight joint as in the example
`of Figure 25 but also to the staggered joint.
Figure~26 shows a Joint of opposed ends o~ adjacent siding
member 21~0. At the end of the tiie: oross joint is used a
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joint member 250 having substantially the same sectional
profile. The tile build joint member 230 is fitted such that
the recessed portions 213 the opposite side siding members
220 are stridden by its flanges 232. The joint is not
exposed to the outside.
Function
Using the materials as described above according to the
invention, the exterior wall 2 is formed basically in the
usual way, by fitting siding members 10 one above another on
the outside surface of the rough back 3, with each siding
member 10 connected to the immediately lower one by engaging
the lower edge overlap portion 15 of the upper one with the
upper edge overlap portion 14 of the lower one.
Using the materials according to the second mode of the
invention, the exterior wall 2 is formed in the usual way,
by fitting siding members 110 one above another on the
outside surface of the rough back 3, with each siding member
110 connected to the immediately lower one by engaging the
lower edge overlap portion 115 of the upper one with the
upper edge overlap portion 114 of the lower one. In this
case, between vertioally adjacent siding members 110 tile
cross joint members 140 are fitted in tile cross jolnts~ ;;
between vertically adjaoent tlles 120 by forcibly fitting
the leg portions 141 of the members 140 into the recesses
117. Thus, the tiles 120 which have been hooked on and
temporarily secured to the sidlng members 110 are restricted
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against movement in the direction of the detachment and are
thus secured to the siding members 110.
Using the matsrials according to the third mode of the
invention, the exterior wall 2 is formed in the usual way,
by fitting siding members 210 one above another on the
outside surface of the rough back 2, with each slding member
210 connected to the immediately lower one by engaging the
lower edge overlap pjortion 215 with the upper edge overlap
portion 214 of the lower one.
In either case, the exterior wall 2 is formed by using its
units prepared with siding members and tiles as exterior
material. The accuracy of tile setting can be ensured.
Industrial Utility
As has been shown, according to the invention, there is
provided an exterior wall unit structure for forming an
exterior wall of a building structure, which comprises a
siding member made of a metal and one or more porcelain
tiles corresponding in size to and fitted to the outside
surface of the siding member, the siding member having the
o;utside surface formed~with engaging means extending in the
horizontal direction for engagement with the tiles or tiles
,each tile being formed with~engaging means for engagement
with the engaging means of the siding member, each tile
being coupled to the outside surface of the siding member to
be integral therewith with the engagement of both the
engag~ing means. The siding member is formed by bending a
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metal sheet such that opposed paired sides thereof are
formed with connecting means permitting fitting connection
between adjacent siding members. According to the basic mode
of the invention, the engaging means of the siding member is
constituted by a downwardly directed and an upwardly
directed L-shaped portion formed along the upper and lower
edges, respectively, and the engaging means of each tile is
constituted by upper and lower edge portions capable of
being fitted in the spaces defined by the L-shaped portions,
each tile being fitted in the siding member with sidewise
sliding therealong, the engaging means of the siding member
forming a tile cross joint when vertioally adjacent siding
members are coupled together. According to the second and
third modes of the invention, the siding members have :
modified engaging means.Thus ,the siding members and tiles
may be combined in factories into exterior wall units
corresponding in size to predetermined siding member sizes,
thus permitting increase of the site work efficiency and
accuracy of construction. Thus the various drawbacks
inherent in the prior art can all be precluded. That is, the
exterior wall units require no shill of any expert for
fitting, can contribute to the reduction of the construction
perlod as dry construction, and permits regular til~ing of
wooden building structures as well to provide stability
senses and impoB Ing characters.
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