Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
207781~
A PROC~SS AND ~RRANCFMENT FOR TH~ AU~OXA~IC ~ANUFAC~URING OF
~RTIC U~ ~AD~ rRo~ P~ASS~C, PARSSCUL~RLY FRO~ ~CYCLA~LE PrAS~C
0 ~lliY lnventlon rel~tes t~ ~ proc--- and n ~rrange~-nt ~or th~
~u~o~atic ~anuf~cturlnq of ~rtiolo~ ~ade frva pl~tlc, p~rticularly
rQ~yelabl- pla~tio v~rte, cospri~i~g ~e~ ral stationAry eo~pr-e~ion
~oldo ~l~nged to t~- r,~par-t~r ~ of A pl~ticiz r
Th- ~roeQ-~ing of tho pl~-tLc ~at~rial taXe~ pl Ace in .
pl--tici~er whieb ~ay b ~Dn~tructed a~ a ~cr-~-typ- ~xtruding
~chin- o~ roller-ty~ xtru~lng ~chin- ~h- procesaed, vory
~l~cou~ ~eltln~ i~ d-t-r~in-d vith reop~cL to It6 ~eig~t
corr-~pondlng to tbc ~i~e of ~n article ana ~ ~re~d in a ~old
~n tho c~e of ~nother arrangen-nt conAtruct~d ~or thi~ pu~pos~,
the meltlng ~ay al50 b~ fillcd dir~ctly fro~ the pl~ticlzer into
a ~old, In vhich c~- a --cn~o~ c~n ~asure the rllling ~re~ur- in
ordcr to ¢ns~re in thi~ m~nner t~at th~ ~old lc fill-d
In order to l-t thc pla-tiel~-r ~p-rat- contlnuou~ly,
~parator h-ad i- ~novn ~o ~liC~ ~everal molAs ar~ connectcd ~hich
~re conn-cte~ an~ d1sconnectQA by ~--ns of a hut-oSf ~ech~nl~
N-vertheless, ~ ~onrld-r~bl- nu~ber o~ op~ratlng ~-~ueneQ~ aro
n~r~aary ~hlch ~UJt b- ccrrie~ out ~anually And vhlch th-rcfore
r~eul~ ln con~ rable axp ndlt r-r
It i~ an o~ect of~ th~ inv~n~ion to let all op-r~tln~
2~7781~
r-quencee - fron th- proc~in~ oi tn- pla~tic aae~rial ~y ~n-
o~ tbe pl~ticiz-r, to th~ tlnlsh-d ~oldod ob~-ct - occur
auto~atically ln nrd~r to produo- lov-eo-t ~rèicl~ c~u6- or ~n
tfici-nt u~ tion o~ tho ~rr~ng-o~nt
Ihi- ob~ct ~ ac~i-v~d by u-~ns of thc follovlng pro~e~s
~t-Ds
o) Mold re~ e nd lndicatlon of th~ ro~din~ to b~ fllledi
b) Op-ning of thc ~ut-off ~ochani~ on the ~oparator ~ad
a~-ignod to th- nold;
c) Fjlling o~ th- nold and euba~qucnt ~illin~ Or tne plung~r
dovic-, indieation by ~lllh y pre66Ur~ nonitoring;
d) Closing of th- chut-of~ m-oh~ni-~ on th~ r~tor nead
~) Su~-qu-nt pr-s~ing or ~d~itlonal ~-ltlng into th- n~ld
ty m~n~ or tn~ plung-r d-vie~;
f) Coolinq o~ t~ old;
U) Oponing of th- mold eov-r ~nd rem~vlng tne ~olalng
hl CloYinq o~ t~e eoid eo~Rr ~nd ~vltching on th- he~t-r rOr
2077810
10 th- ~old.
Several statlonary ~olds ~an b~ cona-ctod to ~ ~op~r~tor hc~d
wb~cn 1- ~r~f-r-bly fl~ng-d eO the pl~tici~er, ~ ~ut-orr
n-ch~nl~ ~ ing oonn~cted bet~e-n t~lc ~cpar~tor ~oaa and t~- ~old
~ b~ ol~ relea~ ~nd thQ ~ ng rc~dine~ y be initi~te~
by ~n-or vhich c~-oe th~ op-ning o~ th- 'hut-or2 a-cnanlem
eonn-~t-d ~ith ~he ~old ~he ~cl~ng can no~ flov fro~D th-
~-p~r~t~r he~d ~lr-ctly lnto thQ ~orr--pondlng ~old A plung~r
~-vlce ~nicn ~ Arrat~Qd ~oppo~it-ly to th inl-t op-nlng Of t~e
~old a~y ~l~o flll up c~ter th- rillinq Or t~e ~old. A ~n-or a-y
~onltor th- rilllnq p~-~sure an~ cau~ th~ clocing of th- ~hut-off
~ccb~nlc~ a~ ~oon a- ~ d-~ir-d pr--curo i~ ehod H~cve~, at
th~ ~m ti~-, ~nothc~ Jhut-o~ ~ech~nluD i~ opened on th~
-p~r~tor ho~d le~ding to ~notner ~old ~o that no d-l~y oecur~ in
th- continuou~ e~ecti~n o- th~ ~oltin~ by the pl~otic~cr
A~ 600n Q- the obut~ necn~nl6~ or th~ lattor, lr-~dy
filled, mold i- clo-ea, the add~tion~l pr-c~in~ of t~clting, ~hi~h
1- cau--d by the ~n~or, c~n t~k~ plac- by mean~ Or the plung-r
dov~c . ~he cubcequ~nt pre~lng Or ~eltlng into ~n ~lrQ~dy fill-d
~ol~ h~ t~e ~v~nt~ge that al~ co~pllc~t-d ~old~ euch os ~ol~
w~lc~ tend to hav bubblo~ or o~he~ir~ not Lomplet~ly tllled
c~ntoure of th- ~rt~clcs, ~re f~lled ~n ~ perfect aanner. Th~ r~t~
of rc~eet~nJ i~ ~duL d con~tde~ly.
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~n additlon, th- s~itc~ing-on of the cooling d-vlc~ tor t~o
nold ~ay ~ carri-d out by lgnal o~ th- ~en~or T~e mold c~n
be emptied ~rllor ~ lt i8 cooled ~he cooling and int-rmediat-
heatlng o~ th- ~old ~ay t~ke placc ~everal tim-- con-ecutively by
ne~nA o~ the ~w$tc~ing o~ th~ corre6pon~1ng devic~ Thl~ has the
~dvantag- that th- re~oval 2rom th- nold can tak~ pl~c- ln an
ca-i~r and ~pler ~anner
~ n ~ddition, eh- open~ng o~ the mold may tak- place wlt~ln a
pr-d-termined tim~ lnter~al by ~oan~ o~ a control d-vic- and tbe
molding may b~ r~o~-d ~ro~ tho mold at th- am- tlm-
~ h- ~olding ~ay bo ~ect-~ onto a con~syor b~lt, wbich i~ not
ahown, and ~ay b- tran~port~d away
In add~tion, the ~lo~lng o~ tA- ~old coYer and th-
int-r~edi~te h-atlng ~ay b~ caus~d by a ~ignal of the control
dovlc~ a ~en~or ~ay oign~l th- r-adlne~- o~ th~ npti~ ~old to
b Sllled
m ~ ~rrange~-nt ~or carrying out th- proce~ compti~os a
pla~tlclzer, a -parator he~d with a~veral lockAble outlet- leading
to tho lndlvldual mold~, ha~lnq one aft-rpr~ ng d-vlc-
r-~p-otiv-ly ~or th- addlng o~ addltional meltlng to the i~divldu~l
mol~
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~ ~h- -parator he~d ~ay be l-ngth~n-d ln a Jtrand-type
~ann~r;
b~ tA- int-rmod~at- ~ec~ b t~e~n th~ outlet~ ~ay be
b-atable by ~ean- Or an dditlonal h-at rt and
c) tho plastlciz-r ~ay be construct~d as ~ scr-w-type
~xtru~lon machin~ or a- a roller-type xtru~ion machin~
The po~lbility t~er-fore xlst~ of al~o tran~porting t~e
prepar-d ~elt~ng along a long-r path to th~ lndiYidu41 ~old~ a~d
to ther-~or- conn-ct a large numb~r o~ mold~ ~o onc eparator h-ad
ln addition, a meltlng ~-ed pu~p ~ay be conn~cted b-tw -n the
plast~ci2er and th~ s-parator h~ad Since, ~or a complet- rllling
of th- ~old with tho m-ltlng, ln the ca-~ of a ~oparator boad which
ngth-n~d ln th- ~ann-r of a ctrand ~nd ha~ s-veral lndivldual
~olda ~lang-d to lt, a pr-~-ur- oS approxlmat-ly 400 bar will
~o~t~ b~ r~q~lr-d, t~e ~-lt~ng f--d pump ~ay ~e construct-d a8
a g~a~ pump At th~ ~nd o~ ~bs ~-par~tor h-ad, which i~ l-ngth-ned
ln th- ~aDnor o~ a trand, a pres-ure o~ approximat~ly 100 bar 1~
~tlll r~qu~red ~or the rllllng o~ th- ~old ~he end o~ the
30 ~par~tor head ~ay be clo~ed o~ by ~ean~ ot ~ ~hut-Or~ ~-chanl~
~h~ch, ~f requlred, ~ay be wltch-d to a ~low-through ~o~lt~on,
hould ~h-re b- ~ dlcturb~nce ln th~ course o~ th- ~anuractur-
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In aadltlon, th- ~hut-o~ ~ech~ni-~ nay b- con~tructed a8 an
electrically actuatod rot~ry di-~ v-lve, but ~ay al-o bo d--lgned
a~ a ne~dl- hut-o~f nozzle Thes- two 8hut-or~ d~vicQs hav- been
uce~ ul ln pr~ctlce ~ow-vQr, tb- hut-o~ h~nl~ may al~o
be con-tructed a~ ~n electrically or hydraullcally op-rable ~hut-
oS~ ~lldo valv-
-
Furthermor-, the ~old- may ~orm a unit wlth th~ perta~nlng
~hut-o~r m-chanlsm and may b- ~lang-d to th- trand-typo ceparator
head A co~pact constructlon ~ay be achl-ved ~n th~ manner
In an ~dvantag-ou~ dev-lopment o~ the invention, a ~lunger
d-~lc~ ~or a ~ubsegu~nt pros-lng Or addltion~l ~elting lnto the
~old ~ay b- arrang-d on ~-ry ~old ~hl- plunger devico i-
~rrang-d dia~-trlcally wlth r--pect to th~ inlet op-ning for the
~elting on v-ry mold and ha- the r--ult that, a~t-r th~ d-~lred
rllling pr---ure ln t~e nold h~ be~n r-sched and the hut-o~f
n-cbanl~ i6 then hut, a prQdot-rulned auount of ~eltlng i6 th-n
additionally pr~ d lnto th~ ~old ~n order to co~p~nsat- or
complote po~oibl~ bub~l-s or incompl-t~ly r~ llod contour~ of the
~o~n~ rt1rll1Arly ln th~ c~-- o~ ~a~rly large and ~o~ d
~old~ Tb~ plun~er ~-vlce~ rlll v~th ~elt~ng which ha~ flown
through Sh ~old nd 18 cau-~d by ~ ~sn-or to pr-ss thi- ~eltlng
bacX lnto the mold in ~ r~clrculating ~nner
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In addition, a controlla~l- h~ating and cool~ng d-vlce ~ay ~-
conn-ct-d to very ~old. Durlng t~o coollng oper~tlon, thi- device
1~ ~r-guently conn-ct~d and ~wltched. ~his not only accel~rat-6
~ho coollng op ation but ~l~o con~iderably fac~litates the re~oval
~r~ th ~old.
Al~o, the lnterJodl~t- ploc-~ b-t~een the outl~t on th~
sep~rator head ~ay hav- on- additlon~l ~eat-r r~Jp-ctively. As a
r~sult, he~t 10880~ are compen~ted ln th- ca~- of th- ~low through
the ~eparato~ h~ad, w~ch ~ length~n-d in th~ ~nner of a at~and,
to th~ mol~6 ~rrang-d at th~ end o~ thi~ s-parator he~d.
In additlon, th- ~old~ ~ay be qu~pp-d ~ith a ensor whic~
clo--~ t~- ~hut-oft ~-chanl~ wh-n th- desir-d pr~s~ur~ is re~ch-d
in th- ~old.
A control de~ice may be arrang-d ~or e~ch mol~ whlch cau~efi
thO ~ub~gu~nt pre~-tng o~ dditional n~lting into th- already
filled ~old.
In add~tlon, the eontrol d-vlc- e~n ~witch th- h-ater to
cool~ng ln a ti~e-~tagger-d ~ann-r and, aSt-r a cortaln t~e
int~rval, ~y c~u e tho op~n~ng oS the ~old cover and the r-mov~l
Or t~e ~oldlng ~o~ th- ~old. In th~ ca~-, the ~oldings m~y be
~ect-d onto a conveyor b~lt or asy be ro~ov-d ~nually~
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lo Furth-r~or~, th- control d-vlc- ~y C~U8- tho clo-ing o~ th~
~old cov-r Th- op~nlng and clo~lng ot th- ~old cov-r ~y tak-
place hydraulic~lly and/or by ~oan- o~ ~ kn-o ~olnt
~ n ad~tlon, the control d-vlce ~ay ~lgnal th- rel-a~e o2 th-
clo ed mold to the ~hut-o~f m-ehanl-m By ~ean~ of a pr-progra~od
control ~-quenc-, tho ~npt1~d an~ clo-ed mold ~ay aga$n be lnelud~d
$n the op-rating ~ ycl- ~ho ~utomatlc ~-ncor monitoring d-vice
roport- to the control d-vice where a nold 18 ~r-e ~or f$11~ng
The nold ~ay oach bo d--lgned di~fer-ntly, and tl~e pl~sticizer
20 ~hould have a e~paclty of approx~mat~ly 200 to 250 kgt~
Anot~er art~ng-ment ~r carryln~ out thl~ proc~ co~prlso~
4 pla~sticl2-rt ~ separ~tor h-ad with ~-v~ral lock~ble outlet~ to
th- lnd~vidual mold- ~hich ar- equ$pped w~th on~ h-atlns~ and
coolln~ d~lc- ro-p-ct$v-1y ~nd on~ ~fterpr~ssing d-vic~
r--pectivoly for th- ~ub~-quent rlll~ng o~ addltional m~ltlng irlto
th- lndivldu~l ~old-
In ord~r to r duc- the longth Or th- arrangem~nt and to avoid
a c~ol~ng or th- ~elting ln an exc~ ly ext-nded ccp~rator head,
th- separator head, particularly ln th- cas- o~ ~maller $ndividual
~olds, ~y h~v- ~Lc~rcular con~tructlon, ~n which case the molds
w~th th- hut-o~ chani~ ar- ~lang-d to t~a ~parator head in
a star-~ap-d ~ann-r.
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Th- lnv~ntlon w~ll b~ xplain-d ln d~tall ln tho ~ol~ow~ng by
mean- o~ ~bodimQnts lllu~trated in t~e drawing.
Figur~ a top VlQ~ of an arrang~m-nt with a 6eparator head
l~ngt~en-d ln a ~trand-type ~annor;
Flgur- 2 r-pr-J-nt~ a dlagra~ o~ conn-ctlona o~ an
arrang~Qnt;
Flgure 3 ls a ~ w o~ a co~pre~J$on 201d ~n a clo--d
condltlon;
F$gure ~ lo a ~ o~ a co~pr~ion meld ~n an op nod
20 oondit~on;
~ lgur- 5 iJ ~ ~l-w o~ an arrang~nt with a cir~ul~r ~parator
head and ~old~ whlc~ ar- flang~d to ~t in a ~tar-~haped manner, as
w~ ut-o~S -chani~.
As lllu-trat-d ln ~lgure 1, th- arrang~ent co~prise- a
pla~tiolz~r 1 to whlch ~p-r~tor ~ea~ ~langed which ~ l-ngth-ned
in trand-typ- aanner. A erew-typ4 extrudQr or a roller-typ-
~xtrud-r ~ay ~e u~ed au the pla6tlcizor 1. Th~ ~old~ 3 ~r~
conn-cted to tb- ~ then d ~eparator head 2 by way Or a ~hut-o~f
30 ~och~nir~ 4. Wh-n th- ~hut-o~ chanl~m ~ 1- op-n~d u~, the
r~lting 5 ar~iv ~ ~n tho corr~pondln~ mold 3, rlow~ through thi~
2077810
~old 3, and arriv-- ln tho ~lungor d-vlco 6 whlch $~ arranged
dlaaotrically to th- inlee op-nlng o~ the mold W~-n the de6ired
~illing pr-~ur- ha- beon r-ac~ed, th- ~enssr 9 will signal that
t~e ~illlng o~ nold 3 i~ achleved, and th- ~hut-of~ nechani~
~ lo olo--d by ~-an- o~ ~h control devlc- 10 lmmedi~tQly aft~r
th- closlng o~ t~e s~ut-o~r ~-chanl~m 4, tb control devlc~ ~0 ha-
the ~-ct that the plunger ~-vlco 6 a~dlt~onally press-~ the
tor-d olting 5 lnto the alreaa~ illl-d ~old 3 Each mol~ 3 ~
~qulpped wlth a h-atlng and cooling d-vlce 12 Thi~ h~atinq and
cooling d~ic- 1~ coneo~ved to bo Jwitch~bl~; that ~B, it n~y
op-rat- a~ a hoating d-vice a~ w~ 8 a~ a coollng d-vice 12
~ ~oon a~ th- ~old 3 t~ fill-d and th~ shut-off m~chaniJ~ 4
1- clo~ed, the coollng a~ w-ll a~ the heating 12 ~evice i~ 6witched
on ~lternately Thi~ ch~nge ha- the r-~ult that ~t wlll be asier
to re~ovc the ~ola~ng 8 ~ro~ the ~old A~ ~oon a~, a~t-r a certain
ti~e int~rv~l, t~o ~old 3 ha- cool-d down, the control ~v~c- lo
cau--~ th- open~n~-up of th~ nold cov~r ~, whereupon th molding
8 1~ e~-cted T~ oldlng may b re~o~-d manually or may b- red
to a conveyor belt
A~ oon ha- t~e hut-o~S ~echan$s~ ~ ha~ b--n clo-~d ln t~e
direction o~ th- ~old 3, another hut-off ~echani6m ~a-c wlll op-n
Up 80 th-t th- nelt1ng 5 can b- ~ed to anot~c~ mold 3 Th-
interm-dlate piece 13 ~ay be heated by an addit$onal he~t~r 14 0
tbat no h~at lo~ can occur o~ t~- melting S ~ ~ore the mold~ 3 ar-
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lo 2~ d ~hlch ar- arrang-d at th-~-nd o~ th- s-parator h~ad 4 whlch
1~ lengtb-noa ln a ~trand-type ~nner Each o~ th- molds 3 ~ay
h~v- a dlf~-r-nt d--lgn ~ho ~rrang-~nt ~ay rsoult in variou~
~oldlng~.
~ dlaqr~n o~ conn-ctlon~ o~ Figure 2 illustr~te~ a ~ontrol
dov~c- ~ Whlcb cQ~trnl~ thP ~hut-ors ~-eh~ni~cm 4 ~n the ~ tiVII
o~ th- ~old- 3 Anoth~r controllabl~ conn~ct~on 1~ linkod with thc
heating and coolinq devic- 12 an~, a~t-r a predQt~r~ln~d tl~-
lnt-rval, control~ th~ h-atlng and coolinq o~ the uolds 3. In
additlon, the control d~vicQ 10 i~ connect-d v~th a ~ensor 9 which,
on th- ono hand, ~ ur~ th- filllng pre~sure ln tbe ~old 3 and,
on the other hand, i- conn-ct-d w~th th~ hut-o~r ~ochanl~m 4 and
~hut~ th- I~tt-r a~ ~oon a~ th- ~e~ir-d ~lling pr-~ur~ ls r-ached
ln th- ~old 3 ~h- ~en~or 9 ~l-o lgnal- th- opQnlng o~ th~ ~old
co~er 7, tho r-mov~l o~ th- molding 8, the clos~ng o~ the ~old
cover 7, ~na the ~adin--J to b- ~lll-d ~h- op-r~tion o~ th-
plung r de~ice 6 ln tart-d aeeord~ng to th~ progra~ a~ ~oon ~ the
dc~r~d filllng pr~-~ur~ en ~-ach-~, an~ th- shut-oft
~eh~nl~ in th- d~reetion o~ the eoncern-d mold 3 ls clo~d
~ lgur- 3 lllu-tr~t-- a elo~ed ~old 3 Tho ~old eovor 7 $~
h-ld ~n th~ rllllng po~ltlon ~y ~o~n- or a hydr~ulle d vie- 16
Flgur ~ ~ho~ a ~old 3 ln it- open po~itlon ~he sllde~ 1~
h~ve tak~n th- ~$n~-h-d ~olding 8 out o~ th~ botto~ p~rt 18 o~ the
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mold ~h- ~oldlng ~ can now b- ~mov-d by h~nd, but may also bo
~ected onto a con~-yor b~lt by mean- Or a d-vlce which ~- not
~I~o~rn .
~ lgur~ 5 lllu~tr~t-~ another ~on~truction o~ th- separator
head 2 $h- latter ha- a cir4ular d--ign, ~nd the outlet- lS or
th- flang-d-on ~hut-o~ m-chan~m- ~ w~ th~ mold- 3 ar- ar~ang-d
in a star-s~ap~d manner wit~ re~p-ct to the separator h-~d 2 Th~
~a~ tho ad~antage or a compact con-truct$on and that tho melting
S do-- not lo~o ~t~ h-at v~y rapldly An addltionsl heAtor 14 $~
hardly necos~ary h-r- Th- ~gu~pping of the mold~ 3 and thelr
control wa~ ~-nelonod and do~crlbed $n F$gur- 2 Thl~ arrange~ent
1~ ad~antageou- ~n th- case o~ small-r complicated molds 3
1~ $t ~eems axp~lont, the, oparating o~ t~ mold cover 7 may
aloo tak~ placc by ~ay o~ An cl~ctrlc~lly, pneumatic~lly or
hydraullc~lly controlled kno~ ~o~nt
