Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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3tlOIA630.TfiX
Patent Application of
Claude Hoivin
for
REFUSE COHPACTION VEHICLE
Field of the Invention
This invention is related to a refuse collection
container vehicle having two reception chambers
and a
mobile over the top feed mechanism for the collection
of
waste materials.
Background of the Invention
A need has been developed for a waste collection
vehicle which readily differentiates fibrous combustible
materials from non fibrous materials. Many such
vehicles
1S have been developed and one of them is described
in US
patent 5,122,025 June 1992 by Glomski, a patent
which
describes a mobile interior wall which opens and
closes
storage space in a truck. Glomski utilizes small
buckets
and repeated compaction in the loading zone, which
is not
practical for loading.
The art also discloses a German patent DE 3,231,002
10
March 1993 by Fahrzengbau, which discloses a compressible
volume defined by the location of a deflector
of a hopper;
the location of the hopper cannot be modified
by the
operator nor can be modified the area of loading.
This
method although effective in use is very complicated
in
its mechanical structure.
Summary of the Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide
an
improved Refuse compaction vehicle.
In accordance with one aspect of the present
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invention there is provided a side charging and over the
top loading vehicle which comprises a moveable
wall which
compresses fibrous materials on the forward stroke
and
compresses the non fibrous materials on the back
stroke.
The loading follows the moveable wall on either
side by
manual displacement of a limit marker. Another
object of
this invention is to utilize the near totality
of the
volume of the container to store fibrous and
non fibrous
materials and a further object is to allow the
loading of
two different materials and to allow the relative
compaction of both.
Another objective is to optimize the spreading
of the
charge in the bin because side loading implies
a large
proportion of the charge falling always at the
same spot
near the loading side.
A further objective is to allow a variable volume
in each
of the compartments, resulting from compaction
on each
side of the partition and up to the top and to
provide
ease of unloading.
A general objective is to provide a dual compartment
compaction vehicle comprising a container of
generally
cubical shape with a fore end, an aft end, a
roof, a
floor, two sides, a length and a generally rectangular,
constant dimension, cross section extending from
the fore
end to the aft end; a moveable partition frame
having
upper and lower beams and two columns of generally
same
dimensions as the cross section, said moveable
frame being
installed perpendicularly of the length; a compaction
door
of generally same dimensions as the partition
frame, the
compaction door comprising a top and a bottom,
means
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attached to the upper beam for pivotally retaining the
door top when the door bottom is released; hydraulic means
releasably attached to the frame for perpendicularly
displacing the frame towards the aft end and from aft end
towards fore end and comprising a pair of rails installed
on both sides of said floor and disposed lengthwise and a
pair of means for sliding in cooperation with the rails
such as C-shaped channels and oriented towards centre line
of the length and in a different embodiment towards the
sides of the container.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The present invention will be further understood from
the following description with reference to the drawings
in which:
FIG.1 is a view from the right side of a truck.
FIG.2a is a cut view from the back illustrating dumping
into a truck container, with bucket down.
FIG.2b is a cut view from the back illustrating dumping
into a truck container, with bucket up.
FIG.3 is a perspective showing the inside of the
container.
FIG.4 is a perspective as per FIG.3 showing structural
elements.
FIGS is a face view of the compression wall seen from the
back of the container.
FIGS. ba-bd are schematic illustrations of a compaction
sequence
FIG.7a is view of FIG 1 with rear door open.
FIG.7b is a view of FIG 7a with container dumping.
3C> FIG.B is the view of FIG.7b in a different sequence,
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without a screen.
Detailed Description
Referring to FIG 1, there is illustrated a vehicle
tarrying a container 22 on which is mounted a
refuse
S collection structure which consists in a lateral
loading
." ..~. bucket 24 provided with a partition 26 to divide
two sets
of loading materials. A screen 2$ allows for the
observation of the level of materials inside container
22.
The container comprises an exit or aft end 44
with an exit
10 door 30 opened by means of a hydraulic cylinder
32. The
exit door is 30 is preferably of hemispheroidal
shape to
allow for increased compaction. The lateral loading
bucket
24 includes a manually placed partition 26 which
limits
the spread of two classes of refuse, i.e. one
class of
15 generally combustible and paper base materials
towards the
back 34 and another class of plastic, metal and
glass
towards the front 36. The container is provided
with a
fore end 46 <FIG.3? and aft end 44, a right side
40, a
left side 42 and a floor 43.
20 The container is charged from the top 41 tFIG.2>
on
the right side 40. FIGS 2a-2b illustrate views
from the
back of the container and illustrate the principle
of
charging refuse into the interior of the container.
Refuse
are loaded into the lateral loading bucket 24
which is
found on the right side 40 of the vehicle. When
the bucket
is full, the operator commands the extension of
a roof
hydraulic cylinder 53 which pivots a roof cover
54 towards
the left side 42. The roof cover 54, by means
of a lever
56 fixed at its inferior end, drives upwardly
a guide 58
which is fixed on the lateral loading bucket 24
by means
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of a pivot anchor. The movement of the guide is channelled
by rail 60. When the guide reaches the end of the course,
the lateral loading bucket 24 finds itself in a position
and at an angle such that the refuse are dumped
longitudinally in the middle of the container 22 (FIG 1>
causing thus a better distribution lengthwise in the
interior of the container.
FIG.3 illustrates in an open view of the interior of
the container a reversing mobile structure compacting
refuse. The compacting structure separates the container
in two compartments, namely a back compartment 90 and a
forward compartment 92, the two compartments serving to
separate the two distinct classes of refuse. The
compacting structure is made to be displaced
longitudinally forward and backward by means of the
extension and retraction of a hydraulic cylinder 84
attached at the fixed end 86 to the floor of the back
compartment 90 and at the moveable end 87 to the
transverse beam 76 of the mobile structure. The extension
and the retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 84 acts on
the transverse beam 76 which entrains the whole of the
mobile structure including supporting and sliding skates
which are guiding longitudinally the structure. The
skates 90 serve as a base to the moving structure and
slide within the confines of a pair of C-shaped rails 82
fixed to the fioor of the container by means of welding
83.
The piston 85 in the preferred embodiment has a
displacement of five feet; the fixed end 86 of the
hydraulic cylinder 84 may be attached on further
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displacement means such as a second five foot piston which
would start acting at the end of the displacement of the
first piston, or other means such as a rack and pinion
which would allow increased displacement to 4.5 metres in
a 7.6 metres foot bin container. Hydraulic cylinder 84 may
also be attached on different anchor points manually to
provide different volume configurations.
FIG. 4 offers a detailed view of the compacting
structure. The moveable end 88 of the hydraulic cylinder
84 is attached to the transverse beam 76 by means of a
pivot 100. Two reinforcing bars 78 welded to the
transverse beam 76 relate the beam 76 to a partition frame
74 of a displaceable wall 73. The inferior part 72 of the
frame rests on two lateral skates 80 which slide on the C-
shaped rails 82. The C-shaped rails 82 on the sides guide
the lower end 72 over a course of 1.5 metres or more. A
central guide rail 132 guides a sheath 130 which protects
the hydraulic cylinder 84 against undesirable refuse. The
sheath 130 acts as a protection cover fixed to the frame 74
of displaceable wall 73 at the inferior part 72 of the
structure, the sheath 130 following the displacement of
piston rod 85. The wall structurally consists in the frame
74 (FIG. 5) in which there is a partition door 70 which
covers the interior of frame 74 and which is sufficiently
rigid to account for the effect of compaction. An equally
rigid access door 75 in partition door 70 allows passage
from one compartment to the other. The door 70, locked on
frame 74 by means of locking bars 112 and 114, may be
released from anchor points 110 and 111 by means of a
mechanism manually operated by a lever 116 or activated
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from the cab by a pneumatic actuator 118 which moves a
support 120 downwards causing lever 116 to move to the left
pivotally around a pivot 117. A spring 119 is biased
towards normally locking bars 112 and 114 in the anchor
points 110 and 111. The door is released from the bottom
to pivot on the top at hinges 140 and let pass the charge
located in the forward compartment 92 (FIG. 3) to back
compartment 90. The charge spreads 1.8 metres high but
hardly more than 1.5 metres across the width of the
container, so it is important that the displaceable wall 73
be extended up to the top, serving as deflector to stop
materials from changing compartment.
FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D illustrate the relative
effect of compacting of two types of refuse materials in
the two compartments of the container. The moving of the
displaceable wall 73 towards the aft end 44 or towards the
front end wall 46 causes the compacting of the materials,
and the operator with the help of screen 28 may supervise
the extent of the motion of the moveable partition or the
level of materials accumulated in the respective
compartments. When the container is deemed sufficiently
full the operator may proceed with the evacuation of each
section of the container in their respective sites. As a
first step, as appears in FIG. 7A the operator commands the
extension of door hydraulic cylinder 32 which as a result
causes the raising of the back door 30 level with the roof
of the container. Once the back door is open the container
may pivot (FIG. 7B) towards the back end by means of the
hydraulic cylinder 150. To facilitate the unloading the
operator may displace backwardly mobile frame 74 of which
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the superior part may easily be seen through screen 28 as
it moves towards the back end and thus displaces the refuse
materials in back compartment 90 towards the exit end.
Once the back compartment 90 is empty one may proceed with
the discharging of the materials in the forward compartment
92 into a different unloading site. As illustrated in FIG.
8, upon the disengagement of the anchor locking system 124
(FIG. 5) of door 70 from mobile wall structural frame 74,
door 70, being thus liberated at its lower end from its
surrounding frame 74 the door, will then easily pivot on
hinges installed on the roof beam part of the wall
structure when the container is in an elevated position,
tilted towards the rear end. The refuse materials, which
may be released from the jamming effect of the compacting
by the optional displacement of the mobile wall towards the
rear, are then free to slide through the opening of door
frame 74 and towards the exit end. The door 70 may be
released by means of a mechanism manually operated or
activated from the cab, from the bottom to pivot on the top
and let pass the charge located in the forward compartment
92 of the container.
A preferred embodiment and a minor variation of
the subject invention is described herein. However, it
will be understood that other embodiments and variations of
the one described are possible within the scope of the
invention which is limited only by the scope of the
appended claims.
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2121.05
Parts List
20. vehicle 83. welding
22. container 84. hydraulic cylinder
24, structure 85. piston
S 24. lateral loading bucket86. fixed end
26, partition 87. moveable end
28. screen 90. back compartment
30. exit door 92. forward compartment
32. door hydraulic cylinder100. pivot
34. back 110. anchor point
36. front 111, anchor point
40. right side 112. locking bar
41. top 114. locking bar
42. left side 116. lever
43. floor 117. pivot
44. aft end 118. actuator
46. fore end 119. spring
.. .. 53. roof hydraulic cylinder120. support
54. roof cover 124. locking system
56. lever 130, sheath
58. guide 132. central guide
rail
60. rail 140. hinges
70. partition door 150. hydraulic cylinder
72, inferior part
73. displaceable wall
74. frame
75. access door
76. transverse beam
78. reinforcing bars
80. skates
82. C-shaped rails
