Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Apparatus Io~ remo~ing the ~allast of a railway without
demounting the ~r~c3c
~he inv~n~ion ~elates o an apparatu~: fGr ~emoving 'che
ballast o~ a s~ailway withou~ deJa~un~ing the trac:lc
accordi~g ~o ~he in~ress p~xt o~ c;laim 1.
~he structural p~rt:s o~ ~ rallway ar~ the krac~ o~prisin~
r~il~: and sleep~3~s, t~e 3:)al~ast ~aye~ in~e~nediate
layer, the insula~ing l~yer and the em3~a~en~ ~ill. The
purpr~se of t:~e ~al~ast: laye~ is ~o hol~ the tra~::}c in a
sp~c:i~ied, geometric~lly rig~ position and the purpose of
k1alla~:~ing i~ o obt:ain a trac:3c whic~h is a~c~ately
positioned ~n v~rtica~ ~nd lateral di re~tions.
~he ~llast lay~r is c::o~ nly ~de s:~f rai~way ballas~. ~rhe
mi~ra 2sggre~ate used fc~ allast mus~ b~ hard,
lS w~the~ resist~nt, we~r and i~p;~ct~ i~an~ way
l~alla~:t should nc~ ~on~a~n ar~y humus, pl~nt ~m i~s or any
other impurities whic~h might exlha~ce fro:;t li.tin~.,
.'
Althou~h there are ~ ict quality spf~cif ica~ion~ ~r ~he
bal last t it i~; o~ious ~;hat in ~he cours~ of y~ars ~h~re
2 0 ~ill ~e de~orm~ ~; d~e tc~ w~at:hering a~d ~ il g whic:h
change~ t:he geo~xy o~ ~he railway~ ~reB~ing
: contamina~Ltion$ in ~ st: cause ~rosthe~r~s in the
railway. For lngt~nae, raiIway le~re} c:~053in~ re
par~:icularly Ap~: to ~e dam~ed ~y rc~s~ and it i:s the
2S humu~ and oth~r ~ost-susceptible ~ eria~ ~at sl?oil~ ~he :~:
~alla~. In this c~se, ~he b~llast mt~ ~e ~ ved and the
~al~1as~ing n~us~ be do~e ar~ew t:o get ~he traGk in ttl~ right
p~sition~ ~.
To enable re~all~s~ing the o3d balla.st lay~r ~us~ be
3 0 remo~red and c:le~ned ~y sieYing f o~ reutili2ation ~ If the
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ballast is of po~r qual~ ty it is prei~e~ably utilized ~s
fillin~ ~a~erial ~or the s~ankment or i~ is c!arried away.
I~ used ~all~s~ i~ to be ~ls~ad ~s ~illing materi~l. for the
e~bankmellt it would l~e ~ene~ hat ~:he rem~Yed ballast
5 could be conve~ed ~o both sides o~ ~:he track to ~acilitate
r~u~ilization.
Bal~ast replal:ement is convention~lly perfo~aned xo th~t
~rst th~ ~rac3c is d~moun~ed and put aside af~er which the
. old ~allast and possibly other struc~ural l~yers o the
10 railway c~n be replac~ed. An apparat~s i5 known w~ich
remo~res ~e b~llast without de~ounti~ t;he tra~3c~ ~n tlli~
apparatus there îs a s~raper ~ain which goes unde:~ the
trac}c and whieh s~rapes ~he P~ e~aI aggre~ate o~ t~e
b~llast and tra~sfers ~it onto a ~ieve. ~ ~eans o~ the
15 sieve, the waste ~erial o~ the ~ineral aggreg~e is
sepa~ated ~r~m th~ ball~st. ~he ~allast is ret~rned lmd~r
th~ traak and th2 wi~s~e mat:~rial is carried ~y a }:1,elt-
con~eyor to orle ~id~ o~ t;he trac}c~ ~he buGkets o~ t:h~
scraper ~:h~in ~ical~Ly aonsist o~ fin~e~-like members
20 which are:~nad~3 o~ h~r~ ~et~l and wh~ch l~sen ~3tones ~ro~
~he ~alla~ rhe 5 t ~e OI' ~he ~pparattls i5 ~ all~ a
vibratlng sie~e.
It: is es~;ent:ial of ~e appaxa~us of t~e pr~or art that ~he
scraper ~ain and ~;he gllide ~ers belongin~ ~ere~c~ for~n
~5 a ctosed uni~ whict~: ~oes roun~ he ~rac~ Th~ app;~ratus is
moun~::ed to a chas~;is w~ h moves on t~e t:rack and: it i~;
~er~erally provided with a ~nechanisJa ~or 6~pporting :the
track. 5~id appara~us i~ ori~ lly desiqned as a ~allast
~shi~g-s~ac~i~e.
3 0 There ~re se~eral dra~b~clcs in ~n~ operation o~ t~e
~on~rention~l app;~ra~u~ In order ~o t~0~ th2 scraper
<~h~in, a tr~nch~ mUS~ be excavated across; ~he tra~ wheret~ ~
~he firs~ end s:~f the chain is 1?la~e~ tu be ~ttached to the::;
:'
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3 ~:
other end of the chain ~o fox~n ~n endless :nember whi~h
g~e~ round the.tr~; Noxmal~y, the trench ~ust ~e dig~d
manually. If it is desired to tlS~ the remoYed material as
~illing materia~ for the e~n3cment,. ~:he appara~us o~
prior axt moves a~ material 'co one side o~ the trac3c.
There~ m ,. the material must then be sQparately
dist~ib~lted eYenly to 3~oth sides of the ~ra~;:3c Wh~2n th~re
is ~ passing ~railn, ~h~ apparatus must ~e mo~ed to ~ sida
trac:k whi~h ma3~ require that the app~ratus ~u~:t be moved a
lo .lon~ way and which natu~al7y causes ~ àelay in the~ wo~k.
The plLrchase price c~ the apparatus is ve~y high w~
~eans that ~apital ~o~ts h~ve a dorQir~ant role c:ompared to
~he ~ela~ivel~ ~adest work o~ ballast r~mo~irJg. It ~hould
be passi}:le t~ chan~e the ballast u~:ing a mu~ less h~avy
15 and a c~o~sideral31~ le~;s ::ostly Qq~lipment~
'rhe ob~ ec:tive of t~e in~re~tion i~; ~o eliminat~ a~av~
drawb~cXs arld pr~sent ~n apparatus ~or, r~moving the
ballast ~ a railway withou~ demo~,ting ~:he track which
~ppar~u~: has a simp3.e txucture and vers~tile c~peratic~n.
20 These c~bje~ s ~r~ o~tained ~y ~eans Q f ar~ Apparatus
which is cha~acterized in what is presented in th~
charaa~erizing Fa~ of claim l. q?he apparatus c:omprises ar~
aggregate remove~ which is; ope~atad ~y: :su¢h an e~cavatc~r: .
which is prQ~ided wi'ch trac:k ~hesls in addit:ion ~to
25 conv~t~ onal wheel o~ caterpillar tracks. T}~is is
ad~ranti~gec~us; in ~ t t:he ~pp~tus ~ be mo~red both ~n
roads :and on railwa~ t~c:l~s: and, when t~ere is a passing
~rain, the appara~us ne~d na~ be mo~red a long ~tay sinc:~
~ ~ne ~an use e.g~ the n~ares~ lev~ rossing to move :the
30 ~xca~or ~;ide for the time o~ the passing ~rain. The
~ggregate relnov~r, which is ~ounted to the ~ao~ of th~
excavator, is pushed by m~n~; of ~id 3:o~m lr~to the
~allast ~elow ths ~ra;~k fro~ one side o~ ~e tra~:k~ The
aggr~gate remo~ter can be pt~shed under the ~r;3c3c ~dithou~ ~
~ny trenches and i~ enabl~s rem~val o~ the b~llast e~ly
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to both sides o~ the track. O11Ç~ . aggre~a~e r~nover is
provided with blade-like tra~spor~ir~g h~emb~rs w~ich ~re
wid~r w~'chin ~hsir ~wer portion and which ~ f~ally mcnre
th~ ~alla~ sid~ ~hrou~h sliding so t~t the ~ epers are
no~ damageq.
The ~ppara~u~ a~ rding to t~e invention ~ring~i along a
coT~sidera~e saving of 'c~e. For instan~e, it ~kes only
2-3 hours to c:h~ng~ ~e ballast under a ane-tra~k leve:1
. crossing. The workiI~g speed on trac~c is approxima~ely 100
tracJc-~n/h ~nd 'che work requires c:nily ~ ~ew perso~
ne~essary, a sie~re di~er ~an ~ prc~ided in G~ ec:t~on
with ~ excavator whi~ then enables one ~o per~orm all
those stages of ~p~ra'cion which are needed ir~
reb~lla~tin~
Th~ in~ention wil~ now be d~3sc:ril~ed in ~he foll~wi~g
re~ring ~o ~h~ enalose~ drawin~r~; in w,hich
~igur2 1 shw~; an ag~ g te ren~ r irss1:alled to an
exca~rator ~n obli~u~ly i~x~m ~ove when ~he
re~over is ~eing pushed under the track,
2~ figu2e 2 s:ho~ he ~ggregate remo~er insta.lled to an
exc~va~tor seen f:~om ~bove,
~iqure 3 show~ a~: a~ te re~over seen ~om a~ove and
partly cross-se~ianed, :
~i~r~ 4 sh~*~ a part o~ ag~eg~e remo~eS~ cord~
t:o ~i~re 3 se~n~ rom t~3 side, : :
~igure S sh~s a c:r~ss-~:eationed view of th~ aggr~gate
rem~ver ac~ording ~o f igure 3 with t~e endl~ss
~cumfe~ntial ~e~er re~30~ed ~n~l s~en f~om the - :
side and
figure 6 an appara~us accordin~r ta ~he inv~nti4n with the
aggr~ga~e re~er pushed und~3r the trac:k.
In the exeIPplary ~:ase, the appara~us accarding to ~he
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2122587 ;
i~vention comp~ises an ex~a~to~, ha~in~ a boo~ 13 and own
whe~ls, and a mechanism 15 ~or r~mo~ing min4~al ag~xega~e
which hereon will ~e called the aggregate remQver is ~ Thus
an exca~to~ or the li~e apparatus, whi~h has ~onvention~l
ope~ational ~apabilities and which is pr~ided with normal
wheel~ or tr~k chai~s, serves a~ ~he ~rive m~hani5m or
~he agg~e~ate rem~ver 1~. ~o make use of th~ a~rega~
remover 1~ pos~ible i~ ~ reb~llasting wor~ th~t pr~G~e~s
along the longi~udinal direc~ion of the track, the
.ex~ava~ is ~lso pro~i~ed wi~h trac~ wheel5 14, whiGh
are ~ade af ste~l, to mo~7e ~he exc:a~vator 1~ ~pec~i~ically
~rl the s~me tra~k wh~se b~ st is ~eing re~oved~
1~herefor~, ~e e~ccavator lz that is used is a r~or~al
e~ca~rator except that i~ is prostided wl~h tr~ck wheels 14
15 ~or travel along the traak.
The aggregat;e remo~r 15 is att;ached to a ~as~ coupling
iber on the boom 13 ~ the exc2lvato~,. T~ is ~as~
c~uplis~ m~er, e.g~ a si~re dipper aan be aonnec:ted
aft:er th2 ballzLs~ remo~al work ~y which dipper~ ~Le balla t
2o remo~ed frc~ beneath the tra~::lc is cleaned and sieved for
reuse.
As to the ~raj ec~ries of ~he aggreg~te remover lS, there ~ .
are a~ailable the same ~rajectories o~ motion as t~ere are -~
in ~:no~al oper~i~n of the excaYa~or 12. T~cre~ore, it
~S ~an be m~ed up, d~wn~ forward, ~ac~wArd, 1~f~ and righ~,
and it ~an be inc1ined and rotate~ at t~e end o~ the boom.
The aggregate r~mo~er:lS ~ets its power ~rom the h~d~a~lic :~
ystem o$ ~ e~a~ato~. The hoses of th~ hydrauli~ m~tor,
which~ser~es a~ the driv~ unit 7, ar~ connected to the
~0 ~respondin~ hydrauli~ c~n~ec~or~ o~ ~h~ ~x~a~tor 12
i . e. ~o t~e hydrau~ic inle~ ~nd out1et co~nectors w~ere~y
oporation of the hydraulic motor can ~e con~o11ed by a
valve in the cab of the exoa~ator 12 If i~ ~.s desired to
:
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change the direction of rot~ion of the hydrau~ic motor,
t;he flow dir~c~ion o.f.'che hydxaulic liquid is cha~ed so
tha~ ~he irllet hose be~omes th~ out~e~ ho~3e and t~ ~utl~3t
hose 3:)ecb~nes the inlet hos~., respec:~;ively.
5 The aggre~a~e removex 15 c:cnnprises pri~ilyla bc~y 1 and,
ir~ conn~ction with the bod~ 1, an endless cir~f6~r~nti2~1
er 2 haYing transportin~ ~em3~e~s 3 ~ttach~d t;h~3rs~0.
The b~dy 1 is ~ssentia].ly a planar }:7lade or tlle li~ce,
. whiGh is desi~ned to be posi~ioned esse~tially
10 hc~risantally under ~he ~X2lck~ q`he endless circ~umf~rential
mem~er 2 is d~ spas~d o~ he c~ut~r circ~ er~ o~ t~he
body 1.
The a~e~ate remover 1~ is pushed intc~ th~ ballast layer
under the 'cr~ck ~om 'che 5ide o~ the ~r~c:k essen'cially in
a hc3rizon~al pl~ne and t~e endle5is cir~ er~tial me~er `~-
2 is rotat~d. in a plane ~elow ~he tracA;;~ ~ranspo~i~g
mew~e~s 3 a~tached to ~3 endl~ss c:ir~er~ntial mQmber
di~ in~o ~ mi~eral ~a~r~gat~! oX ~;he ballas~;~ an~
transport 1~ ~rom ~ ea~ rack to ~hQ side~ r~cof~ :
~0 q?he aggregate re~o~Jer 15 t:ransport5 mine~al ~ggregate of
the ~allas~ ~.ay~ fro~ ~:he ~iddle o~ the txack t:o ~he ~
o~ ~e ~rack. Th~ a~greg~te remov~r lS can be turned to
oper~t~ s~ilar w~y OD the othe} side of the ~ra.Gk.
~he endless cir~feren~tial m~ ~ i6 ir~ the exe~pl~
2S ca~e a trac3c ~hairl or t:he li3c~ and t~e transpor~ m~e7;:
3 i~ a ~lad~ which~projects pe~edi arly ~ro~ th~
c:ircumfe~ential ~ember ~ d exte~ds verti~ally. At~ached:~
to th~ :cirçurn~er~ntial m~er 2 ~ween ~he tra~spo~ting
members 3, 1;here are ~so provided fing~r-like me~rs 4
30 made o~ hard m~al whl~h are deslgned to disirrt~r~e
os~;ible i~ o~ ve:ry ti~htl~ co~pac~ed minera1 aggr~gate
~n tbo ~allast.
. .
~.'
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2122a87
~he lower part: ~' of the ~r~nsp~:rtirlg ~ne~er 3 is
es~;entially w~der than t~he ~pper par~ ~ ' ' . This en~bles
the ~nspor~ing mem~ex 3 to dig into the ~nin~ral
aggregate so that, during r~tation o~ the ~ndl~3ss
5 cir~lxmfer~tial me~er ~, l;he min~ral aggre~ate of ~he
balla~t above t:he lower portion of the 'cransporting mem~er ~ :~
3 t fir~:t ~alls down ar~d then it is transpor~ed, pushed by
the transporting me~nber 3, to ~h~ side o~ ~e trac~k
Tranqpo:rting members 3 tr~nspor~ mlner~l a~gregate fro~
lo . ~he ~allast lz-yer so tha~ ~he b711act layer slidas down in
slices ~l~ng a slids plar~ speci~c to used ~ineral
aggre~a~e t~ he then ~ran~ported by the transpor~ing
meml:~e:rs 3. Therefore, ~he r~tatin~ trac:k chain c:anno~
dam~ye the trac}c strueture.
~ .
lS ~he ci~cum~ren~ial mem}~er 2 i~ arranged to r~tate w~der
c~uidanc:e ~f a pulley 5 wnich is mo~mtB~ in ~e~rin-3s ~o ~e
bc~dy 1 sc) that the pulley ~ i~ cc~l~ec~ted ~o the dri~e unit
7 p~eferal~ r by means o~ a pow~r ~nsmissiorl assem~ly
AS ~lready me~tioned earlier, a hydraul~c motor ser~e~ as
20 t:he dr~Ye uni~ 7 in the exemplary c~se. The power
transmission assembly 8 comprises a pl~netary ge~r whi~h
is ~rrang~d ~o c~ontrol the rota~ n~l speed ~ e endless
cir~Q~erenti~l ~e~er 2. ~h~ tr~nsmissi~n ra~io s:~ the ;~
pl~ ~ gear iS ~ c:~o~en t~ e speed o~ the
2S ~irc~ r~tia~ mem~er 2 i.e. ~be t~ac:~lc chain can be
ch~nged within s~litabl~ limits.
-
~he ~rajec~o~ of the c:ircumferentiaï ~ember 2: is
el~nga~ed~ Thi~ has been a~hie~red so ~hat the
circl~mf~r~n~ial: member 2 ls arran~ed to r~ate un~er
30 guidance o~ a second pulley 6 wh~ch is ~a~ted in ): earings
to the body 1. ~he se<:w~d pulley ~ is ~oun'c~d in l:j~arin~s
, to a sp~i~g~loaded ~r~ve~lç~ ~Q whi~ t~a~reller 10, in
c~se o~ ~erload, is çon~train6~d ~ move als~ng gtlides 11,
whic:h ~r~ mo~ ed ~o the body 1 and which ~e parallel
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with ~he l~n~Titudînal direc:tion o~ ~he ~ggre~ate r~over,
tc~wards ~he pull ey ~ which is c~onn~cted to the dri~e ~i~
7 . This ~ s bene~ l in ~hat i~ it happen-e t}~at a s;tone
~etc ~etween ~he trac3c chain and the pulley 6 or the
pulle~ 5 the a~gre~at~ remover will not bQ dama~ed~.
The b~d~r 1 o~ the a~regat;e re~;r lS is also--prcsvided
wi~h suspensic)n ~eans ~ which are zldvant~geollsly placed
c:loser to ~he pulley ~, which is ~o~necte~ ~0 ~he dr~v~
unit 7, apart from aid drive unit 7.
10 The a~gre~a~ re~nove~ functions in ~he fa~ ~ owing way~ ~he
hydraulic moto~ dri~res the planet~ry sear whi~h 'cransmits
power to the dri~ren pu~ley ~nd fur~her ~a the tra~k ~:hain
which p~rforms remo~ral o~ ~llast ~rom ben~ath the tra¢}c
~y means of tran~por$in~ members. 'rhe ~ra~k chain turn~
1~ ~ro~d ~he sheave }?ulley and b~c3c t~ t}le dri~en pulley.
T~e shea~e pull~y i~ spring-loadsd and,it ~:an m~ve in ~e
tra~eller 10 to~rc~s the dri:ven pulley ~. ~h~ pulley ~.,
as~ ly o~ ag~re~ate re~c,ver i5 pro~cted b~ :
protec~tive ~lat~s which ~xe par1: o~ the bod~ and which ~re
~0 placed on both sides of ~he track chain. ~hen tSle
operatic~n is ~ansf~rred ~0 the <;~her side o~ ~he ~rack,
the ro~ational ~irec~ n o~ t:he chain is changed so th~t
mine~al ag~r~ga~e ~res ou~w~rds ~rom beneath ~he tXa~lc4
Tha'c p~rtion o~the 'cr~}c whose ballas~ layer is em4~fed
~5 i~: supported e.~.~ on j~cks o~ ~e like. ~;upporting ~h~
tr~ck on a right hei~h~ level ~an also ~e perfo~ned only
when ~1-3an~ ball~ is :b~in~ layed under the ~ac~
..
The ~ention i5 no~ limited to ~e embod3~en~ described
l~ove ~ut can be ~ra~i4d wit;hin the li~nits o~ the encl~s~d
3 ~ clai~ns ~ ~he aggr~a~e remove~ is no~ ~e~ess~rily el~n~ated :~
~n~ p:rovided with a tr~ck ch~in ro~a~ing around ~w;: ~ :
pulleys ~ut i1: Fan be des~ ed to h~ve another form,
.
:
:,~
