Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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HOE 93/H 026
The present invention relates to clear, ~YpAn~Ahle,
flame-retardant coating compositions which comprise at
least
from 10 to 70% by weight of a film-forming b5 from O to 40% by weight of at least one substance
which i8 carbonized under the effect of
heat,
from O to 40% by weight of an ~YpAn~ion agent,
from O to 5% by weight of dispersants and
from O to 25% by weight of fillers.
Clear, flame-retardant coating compositions are known,
for example for wood or plastics, which are based on a
binder dissolved in organic solvents and which contain a
substantial proportion of chlorinated paraffins (cf.
Bhatnagar and Vergnaud in: "Fire Safety Journal" 4 (3),
163-7 and "Paintindia" 32 (1) 3-6, 14; 1982).
Disadvantages of the known clear, flame-retardant coating
compositions are that they give off solvent vapors on
drying and contain organically bonded halogen, whereby
corrosive and toxic gases are released as the coating
compositions break down.
The object of the present invention is therefore to
specify clear, expandable coating compositions which
possess flame-retardant properties but which break down
without releasing halogen-contA;n;ng compounds. This is
~I371Il
achieved in accordance with the invention in that the
coating compositions contain aqueous synthetic-resin
dispersions as builder, and ammonium salts of alkyl
phosphates as substance which is carbonized under the
effect of heat and/or as ~Yr~n~ion agent and as acid
donor.
Furthermore, the coating compositions according to the
invention may also, optionally, have compositions in
which
a) mo~o~lkyl phosphates are present;
b) dialkyl phosphates are present;
c) the salts are hydroxyalkyl-substituted ammonium
salts;
d) monoethanolamine is used as hydroxyalkyl-substituted
ammonium;
e) diethanolamine is used as hydroxyalkyl-substituted
~mmonium;
f) triethanolamine is used as hydroxyalkyl-substituted
ammonium;
0 g) the ~alts are alkyl-substituted ammonium salts;
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h) the alkyl radical has 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
i) the salts are aryl-substituted ammonium salts.
The ammonium salts of alkyl phosphates which are present
in the coating compositions according to the invention
can be prepared, for example, by the process known from
US-A-4,118,443.
In the coating compositions according to the invention it
is also possible for mixtures of monoalkyl phosphates and
dialkyl phosphates to be present.
The ammonium salts of alkyl phosphates which are present
in the coating compositions according to the invention do
not only have a flame-retardant action but also give the
compositions plasticizing properties. They therefore have
a positive effect on the film tear resistance of the
flame-retardant coating compositions and can therefore be
used as complete substitutes for chlorinated paraffins
and other halogen-cont~;ning additives, for example
tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) or tris(2-chloro-
isopropyl) phosphate (TCPP).
In the examples below, flame-retardant coating composi-
tions are prepared and their effectiveness is determined.
The insulation efficiency of the intumescent paints
prepared using these coating compositions was tested in
accordance with DIN 4102, part 2 (1977) in a small-scale
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test set-up according to DIN 4102, part 8 (1986), while
the testing of the surface quality was carried out
visually.
Example 1 (Cn~rArative example)
The following components were introduced in succession
into a stirred vessel fitted with a dissolver disk:
16.8 % by weight of water
3 % by weight of ~Tylose
0.2 % by weight of ~Lopon 890
11 % by weight of A~;um dihydrogen phosphate
% by weight of tris(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate
62 % by weight of ~Maprenal LH 692
2 % by weight of chlorinated paraffin 50, liquid.
Example 2 (Comparative example)
The same coating composition as in Example 1 was
prepared, but ~Urecoll HM was used instead of ~Maprenal
LH 692.
The coating was clear and the surface of the metal panel
provided with this coating composition was smooth and
free from cracks.
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 gave the fire resistance class F 30.
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Example 3 (Comparative example)
The same coating compoæition as in Example 1 was
prepared, but without the chlorinated paraffin component.
The coating was clear and the surface of the panel
provided with this coating composition was rough and
traversed by fine crackæ.
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 gave the fire resistance class F 30.
Example 4 (Comparative example)
The same coating composition as in Example 1 was
prepared, but 59% by weight of ~Urecoll HM and 4% by
weight of ~Rauramin were u~ed instead of 62% by weight of
~Maprenal LH 692.
The coating was clear and the surface of the panel
provided with this coating composition was smooth and
free from cracks.
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 met the requirements of the fire resistance
class F 30.
Example 5 (Comparative example)
The same coating composition as in Example 1 was
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prepared, but 2% by weight of tris(2-chloroethyl) phos-
phate were used instead of 2% by weight of chlorinated
paraffin 50, liquid.
The coating was clear and the surface of the panel
provided with this coating composition was smooth and
free from cracks.
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 gave the fire resistance class F 30.
Example 6 (according to the invention)
The same coating composition as in Example 1 was
prepared, but instead of 11% by weight of ammonium
dihydrogen phosphate and 2% by weight of chlorinated
paraffin 50, liquid, 14% by weight of a monoethanol-
ammonium salt of the ~Rnapsack phosphate MDE, adjusted to
a pH of 7, were used. At the same time the tris(hydroxy-
ethyl) isocyanurate was reduced to 4% by weight.
The coating was clear and the surface of the panel
provided with this coating composition was smooth and
free from cracks.
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 gave the fire resistance class F 30.
Example 7 (according to the invention)
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The same coating composition as in Example 1 was
prepared, but instead of 11% by weight of - ~;um
dihydrogen phosphate and 2% by weight of chlorinated
paraffin, 15% by weight of a monoethanol~mmonium salt of
the ~Rnapsack cleaner component MPS, adjusted to a pH of
7, were used; at the same time the quantity of tris-
(hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate was reduced to 3% by weight.
The coating was clear and the surface of the panel
provided with this coating composition was smooth and
free from cracks.
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 gave the fire resistance class F 30.
Example 8 (according to the invention)
The same coating composition as in Example 1 was
prepared, but instead of 11% by weight of ammonium
dihydrogen phosphate and 2% by weight of chlorinated
paraffin, 15% by weight of a triethanolammonium salt of
the ~Knapsack phosphate MDE, adjusted to a pH of 7, were
used; at the same time the tris(hydroxyethyl) iso-
cyanurate was replaced by 2% by weight of dicyandiamide.
The coating was clear and the surface of the panelprovided with this coating composition was smooth and
free from cracks.
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- 8 -
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 gave the fire resistance class F 30.
Example 9 (according to the invention)
The same coating composition as in Example l was
prepared, but instead of 11% by weight of ammonium
dihydrogen phosphate and 2% by weight of chlorinated
paraffin, 14% by weight of a triethanolammonium salt of
the ~Rnapsack phosphate MDE, adjusted to a pH of 7, were
used; at the same time the tris(hydroxyethyl) iso-
cyanurate was replaced by 3% by weight of dicyandiamide.
The coating was clear and the surface of the panelpro~ided with this coating composition was smooth and
free from cracks.
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 gave the fire resistance class F 30.
Example 10 (according to the invention)
The same coating composition as in Example 1 was
prepared, but instead of 11% by weight of ammonium
dihydrogen phosphate and 2% by weight of chlorinated
paraffin 50, liquid, 8% by weight of a diethanolammonium
salt of the ~Rnapsack phosphate MDE, adjusted to a pH of
7, and 7% by weight of a triphenylammonium salt of the
~Rnapsack cleaner component NPS, adjusted to a pH of 7,
- ~1371`11
g
were used; at the same time the tris(hydroxyethyl)
isocyanurate was replaced by 2% by weight of di-
cyandiamide.
The coating was clear and the surface of the panel
provided with this coating composition was smooth and
free from cracks.
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 gave the fire resistance class F 30.
Example 11 (according to the in~ention)
The same coating composition as in Example 1 was
prepared, but instead of 11% by weight of æ onium
dihydrogen phosphate and 2% by weight of chlorinated
paraffin 50, liquid, 8% by weight of a diethanol~onium
salt of the ~Rnapsack phosphate MDE, adjusted to a pH of
7, and 7% by weight of a tribenzyl æ onium salt of the
~Rnapsack cleaner component MPS, adjusted to a pH of 7,
were used; at the same time the tris(hydroxyethyl)
isocyanurate was replaced by 2% by weight of dicyan-
diamide.
The coating was clear and the surface of the panel
pro~ided with this coating composition was smooth and
free from cracks.
The fire testing of the coated panel according to
DIN 4102 ga~e the fire resistance class F 30.
