Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
WO 94/10066 2 1 ~ 8 1 2 3 PCr/SE93/00894
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PROTECTIVE BOARD FORMING PART OF P. PACKING
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I The present invention relates to a protective board
.~. 5 forming part of a packing for cylindrical rolls of wound
. webs of material, especially paper webs, the packing com-
prising a sheet- or web-shaped wrapping to be arranged
~`' round the circumferential surface of the roll, and said
.. ~ protective board which is adapted to be arranged on at
least one of the two opposite end surfaces of the roll in
order to absorb blows and impacts and reduce the ~isk of
deforming the web of material, for instance when placing
~:~ the roll end surface on a rough or uneven surface.
ackground of_the Invention
~hen making paper or other web-shaped materials, the
finished web of material ls generally wound on~o a tubular
core o e.g. board and is thus shaped as a cylindrical
¦ roll containing a considerable amount of web. The size of
each roll may vary within wide limits; for example in case
of paper rolls, the roll generally has a length of 1-2 m
:~ and a diameter of 1-l.S m, and the weight may ~ary between
~; about 1.$ and 5 tonnes. Of course, each roll is of great
<~ ~j economio valué, and it is therefore important to try to
protect the rolls as much as pos~ible during storage and
transport to the consumers. It is particularly important
. to proter.t the end surfaces of the rolls since even rela-
tively limited damage to the end surfaces may necessitate
discarding large amounts:of paper, perhaps e~en the entire
~'i roll, owing to the lateral edges of the web b~ing damaged, : 30 which in turn resultæ:in the web not fittin~ into subse-
quent procesCing machines, e.g. a printing machine, or
~: ~ be ng torn therein.
Thus, it is necessary to paek the paper rolls care-
: fully, especially the end surfaces of the rolls. This is
normally carried out by winding a paper wrapping round the
: ;circumferential surface of the rcll, while the end sur-
faces are protected by circular protective pieces of board
WO94J1~66 PCT/SE93/0089
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or corrugated fibreboard of essentially the same diameter
as the paper roll.
However, it has been ound that such pieces of board
.~ do not provide sufficient protection of the end surfaces,
which results in a relatively large amount of complaints
and returned paper rolls owing to damage. The damage
arises on the one hand because the end surfaces are sub-
jected to blows and impacts and, on the`other hand, be-
cause lrregularities in the ground, e.g. in the form of
;~{ 10 loose obje~ts such as stones, may ba pressed into and
:Y
1 ~ damage the e~d surface when, during transport and storage,
the paper rolls are arranged to stand on one end surface,
thereby preventing them from starting rolling. In many
cases, a number of rolls are stacked, which means that the
load to which the lowermost end surface is subjected will
~;~ be very great. Moreover, damage may arise if the rolls,which are handled by means of lift-trucks and other me-
~ ~ ~ chanical lifting devices, are put down on the ground in a
,~ ~ ~ careless manner or even let down at a distance from the g~ound, which results in the end surface ~eing pressed in.
Protective pieces of board or corrugated fibreboard have
~ proved to be unsatisfactory for all these types of damage.
.~ ~ Experiments~have been mad~ to use as protective
. ~ ~ boards hard fibreboards having a thickness of 4-5 mm, but
they have proved to be too hard to absorb impacts or take
up irregularities in the ground, and too week to carry the
load of one or more rolls, when placed on a punctual sup-
por~ in thel~orm of e.~. a stQ~e. A local fracture and
subsequent pre~sing-in of the roll will be inevitable. One
~; ~ ~ 30 ~way of c~ping with this would be to use thicker and, thus,
`~ ; ~ stronger protective pieces of hard fibreboards which, when
placed on a punctual support, could carry the load without
any fracture arising. However, such protective pieces
would in practice~be too expensive and too heavy.
It is also in many cases desirable that the packing,
~`~ after being removed by the receiver, can be burnt in local
solid fuel furnaces to make it possi~le to recover the
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WO94~1~66 ~ PCT/SE93/00894
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; calorific value of the packing and avoid any costs of dis-
posal. As a rule, the protective boards must be divided
;~,
into small pieces to be supplied to the furnaces, which,
at least for aomparatively rigid protective boards, can
only be effeated with great difficulty. In some countries,
there are restrictions on buxning of board and other
products hiaving long fibres, such as paper and cardboard.
~1 These materials should preferably be recycled, thereby
Jr'~l contributing to the supply of raw material. Such recycling
involves great expenses, and the costs are generally
higher than the payment for the recycled material.
,~ Summary of the Invention
There are three main objects of the present invention.
First, the inventive protective board should efficiently be
able to protec~ the end surfaces of rolls of wound webs of
material, on the one hand against blows and impacts and, on
the other hand, against pressing-in when the rolls are
i ~ ~ placed on an uneven surface. Secondly, one object cf the
invention~ i8 to provide a protective board which after use,
~; 20 for transport and storage, and removal at the consumer's
place can be directly disposed of or, preferably, be bur~t,
~;~ wi~hout the~ nationaI laws which exist in many countries and
which s~ipulate that products containing a certain minimum
; ~ ~ ~amount of long fibres ~f a given minimum length are not
25~ allowed to be destroyed or burnt, but that the products
must be reused or the fibres be recovered. Thlrdly, one
ob~ject of the invention is to provide such protective
boards whlch are~so ,iniexpensive to manufacture that,they
may be disposed of or burnt without any real loss, i.e. the
manufacturing~cost should be lower than the cost of hand-
ji~ ~ ling and returning~the~boards to the ~supplier. At least
these main~obj~ects are achieved by means of a protective
board acoording~to the~characterising clause of cl~im 1.
A further object of the invention is to facilitate the
dividing of the protective board into small pieces after
",. ~ ; .
s~ ~ remo~al of the packing. This object is achieved by means of
~ ~ a protectlve board according to any one of claims 3-7.
:?.~ WO ~4/1~66 PCT/SE93/00894
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,;,~Further description of the Prior Art
~,US 3,669,255 discloses the use of thick pro~ective
boards Qf various materials to protect the end surfaces of
.. j! rolls, mentioning msterials such as wood, composite card-
~,l 5 board, foamed plastic, metal and cerméts.
~, The first object of the inventio~ can of course be
achieved by means of all the materi~ls enumerated if the
protective boards are made sufficiently thick. The second
~ object of the invention, however, cannot be achieved by
'`','~! ~10 means of protective boards of wood, composite cardboard or
cardboard of recycled newsprint since these materials con-
tain too large amounts of long fibres. Both because o the
expense and for environmental reasons, none of the other
materials is suited for disposable packings which are
disposed of or burnt after use. Regarding the third object
of the invention, this cannot be achieved by means of pro-
; tective boards of any of the materials mentioned in the US
patent specification and having the thicknesses which are
nec~ssary to prevent pr~ssing-in of the end suxface of a
20 ~roll when placed on a small stone or the like. This applies
especially to cardboard which, although it is a relatively
hard material of high density, has low carrying capacity.
The high density of cardboard means that e.g. a small stone
; ~cannot be "taken up" by local compression of the material.
To protect the roll against such damage, there just remains
~: ~ th~ possibility of making the material so thick that it can
carry the roll even when placed on a punctual support,
without~anyl,lopal frac~ure arising. The measures~jmentioned
in col.~3, line ~8, indicate this, since the applicant has
`~ 30~ used~cardboard having a thickness of 15-16 mm. Of course,
cardboard having such a thickness is exceptionally expen-
slve~to manu~act:ure and cannot, in practice, be used for
disposable packin~s.
Brief ~escriptlon of the Drawing
In the drawing
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a roll of paper and the
associated packing,
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;~ ~WO94/1~6~ PCT/S~3/00894
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. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one end surface of the
. roll of paper, the packing being attached,
~, Fig. 3 is a top plan view of a preferred e~bodiment of the
; inventive protect~vs board,
Fig. 4 shows the protective board in Fig. 3 divided into
;'! pieces, and
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view cf the protective board
in Fig. 3.
Detailed Descr~ption o a Preferred Embodiment of the
:q lO Invention
!:,' A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be
;
described, partly with reerence to the accompanying draw-
ing. Fig. 1 illustrates a paper ro~l l which comprises a
' ' web of paper wound on a central tubular core 2 of e~g.
: 15 board, and a packing consisting of a paper wrapping 3 for
~: protecting the circumferential surface of the roll, and two
protective boards 4, 4' for protecting the end surfaces of
, ~ ;~ : ~ the roll. The flgure is merely schematic, and as a rule use
~ ~: is made of a wrappiny 3 of essentially greater length to
:',t ~, ` 20 permit winding a number of turns round the roll of paper.
.~ !~ When the wrapping has been wound on the roll of paper and. : ~ : fixed, for example by gluing, the wrapping is in the formof a tube extending a distance beyond the end surfaces of
: ~ ; the roll of paper. A protect~v~ board is inserted in this
~:~ 25 tube from each end so as to engage with the end surfaces of:~ the roll of paper, and the end portions of the wrapping are
~ folded and each fixed to one of the protective boards, as
: . illustrated in Fig.,~2j~the wapping thereby ~nsu~i~g that;~: the~protective boards are kept in engagement with the end
:~ 30 surfaces of the roll of paper. In actual practice, a fur-
ther protective layer in the form of a paper wrappin~,
provided with e.g. th~ manufacturer's trademarks and de-
~ scriptions of quality, can be attached to the end surfaces:~ ~ on the outside of the packing, thereby covering the protec-
~!~ 35 : tive boards and the~folded wrapping.
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~ WO94fl~6~ 4~123 PCT/SE93/0089~-.
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.. ~ The protective board 4, 4' according to the invention
`: is made o~ a per se known porous or medium hard fibreboard
, having a density in the range of 100-750 kg/m3 and a thick-
: ness of 5-12 mm. Preferably, the density:amounts to 150-350
Kg/m~ and the thickness to 5-8 mm.
Such fibreboards are made by short wood fibres, which
~;. are suitably obtained rom sawdust whïch is heated or
;','~! boiled in water and ground so as to release the individual
~l fibres, being mixed with long wood fibres which may derive
~., lO from e.g~ waste paper or papermaking pulp, and water to a
`,t~. stock or pulp- The amount of short fibres in relation to
~, long ibres:preferably is in the range of 70-90~, suitably
75-85~, and thus constitutes the main ingredient of the
. I ~
i finished fibreboard. The lony fibres serve as reinforcement
.~ 15 and contribute to holding the material of the board to-
;.~ ~ ~ gether and make the board stronger. To further reinforce
` the fibreboard, also some sor~ of binding agent is general-
`~: ~ ~` ly adde`d~to the~pulp, e~g. rosin size.
: The actual forming of the boards is done by collecting
. ~ 20 the pulp on a wire and pressing it during simultaneous
:~ ~ ~ ~ drainage between a pair or a number of pairs of press
rolls. The degree of~compressing the pulp determines the
density of the finished boards. After forming, the web is
~, ~ ~ dried and cut to boards of any desired size.
: A ~ibreboard manufactured as described abo~e and
having the composition and dimansion as stated, has a
~; plurality of important properties which make it suitable
,or use,as,p!rotectlve board for rolls of paper or other
web-shaped materials according to the present invention.
`~ 30 Sincè the main ingredient:of the fibreboard is short fibres
: : whl~h can be ob~ained from sawdust, which normally is a
~`?~ waste material witXout any particular commercial value and
: : which normally:is disposed of or burnt, the boards are
inexpensive to manufacture and, regarding the price, they
: 35 are on:a level with the corresponding protective pieces of
: board or cardboard. Moreover, there are in most countries
"~
~ no restrictions on burning such boards after use. The low
`~ WO94/10066 2 1 ~ 8 1 2 3 PCT/SE93/00894
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~; density further implies that the boards have a good pro-
tective capacity, without necessitating great thickness and
~r causing large consumption of material. For instance, the
.~ ............... thickness combined with the porous or medium hard state
!`.,;~ 5 makes it possible to efficiently absorb blows or impacts.
j.~; When the roll is placed on an uneven surface or receives a
;ri s~rong blow, the protective board will be compressed local-
~ ly, resulting in a local increase of density, without the
1,~,
'.,.~ inside of the protective board being pressed in and dam-
aging the ~oll.
~ Reference is now made to Figs 3-5 which illustrate ar ~ preferred embodiment of the protective board according to3~ the invention. To facilitate dividing of the protective
~ 'I
. ~ boards into pieces after use and any subsequent burning in
~:: 15 a solid fuel furnace, th~ protective board is formed with
~; fracture lines in the form of shallow grooves 5 on one side
~r ~ ~ ~ of the board. As~illustrated in Fis. 3, the grooves are
~:~ oriented in parallel with each other, and preferably the
distance between two neighbouring grooves is 1~-30 cm, or
: 20 suitably about 20 cm. The ~rooves are preferably 5-15 mm
: wid~ and of a depth corresponding to approximately half the
' ~ thickness of the board, preferably in the range o 35-65~
~: ~:~ of the thickness of the board. E3y turning, as shown in Fig.
,~. : ~: ~ 1, th~ side of the protective hoard formed with the frac-
~; ~ ~ 25 ~ura-indicating grooves inwards to th~ end surf~ce of the
~s ~ ~ ~ paper roll, the protective ef fect of the board will not be
~ ~ reduced to any appreciable extent.
:~ :~: : j~ j Fig~ 4,illustrates how a ~rotective boa~d of the type
shown in Figs 3 and 5 has, a~ter use, been broken along the
30~grooves lnto relatively long and narrow pieces which may
easily be burnt :in a solid~ fuel furnace. The possibility of
manually dividing~the protective boards in a simple manner
. along the grooves serving as fracture lines is, of course,
advantageous not only when the boards should be burnt in a
solid fuel furnace. By dividing, in a first step, the large
protective boards,~which as mentioned above may have a dia-
meter of 1-1. 5 m and in some cases even greater, into elon-
WO~4/1~66 PCT/SE93~0089~.~
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.~ gate pieces, it is possible to supply them to a disinteg-
rating machine, for instance a cutting machine or a mill,
~;l so as to further disinteqrate the material and, for in-
~,~ stance, burn it in a furnace intended for sawdust or chips.
Although the preferred embodimenti o the protective
board acc~rding to ths present inve~tion is formed with
fracture-indicating grooves on one side, it is~ of course,
.. guite possible to form fracture lines in some other op-
tional manner, for example as perorations, i.e. holes
., lO extending wholly or partly through the board and placed
along a straight line, or as grooves formed on both sides.
.~ The fracture lines can also be oriented in optional direc-
tions, and it is thus also possible to have intersecting
fracture lines.
: 15 Furthermore, the boards can be manufactured in otherways than by the wet-forming process described above, e.g.
~;~. .~ . :~by a dry-forming process in which the fibre material is
'!"~ ` :~ ~ distributed over a moving web together with a binding agent
and is hardaned during simultaneou~ compressing and supply
of heat. Further, the wrapping need not be made of precise-
., ly paper, but any other flexible sheet- or web-shaped mate-
i; ~!~ ~ ~ : ri~al may be used. Thus, also plastic can be wound round the
i~ ~: ~ roll in the axial direction thereof.
;~ ~`: Of:course, i* is also possibl~ to provide the re~ain-ing of the protective boards on the rolls in some other way
~han by means of the:wrapping as in ~he embodiment de-
~ - scri~ed aboveO M~reover, protecting only one of the two end
.~.3 surfaces oflthe rolllby means o~ a protective hoard accord-
ing to the invention also lies within the scope o f the in-
vention.
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