Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
~wo 94/13096 21~ D 7 9 ~ PCT/US93111C49
AUXILIARY DEVICE CONTROL FOR A SUBSCRIBER TERMINAL
The invention pC~ S generally to a s~lbs~iber terminal for CATV or other
sl~bsr~irtion television systems and is more particularly directed to a method and an
apparatus for controlling and cQ~ ir~ting with pclil,heldl devices from a subscriber
terminal.
The subscriber lel...;.~A1 more co..~ .ly known as a set top Lc.~al, is an
integral co.llyu~e~ll of subsc~iption television ~y~lc~. These subs~liyliOll television
5y~1t;u~ can be cable television (CATV) systems, SMATV sr~lC~s~ multi-point, multi-
distribution (MMDS) ~y~l~S, or direct-to-home (DTH) ~ICll~. The subs~ .r
termin~1c have cG~ .I;Qn~lly provided the functions of tuning particular cll~nn~lC of the
subscription system which are outside the subscriber's tcle~i~ioll recc,~,~, c~p~biiity.
~ullLer, they provide cQn~lition~l access to the particular sllbs-~iption service through
authorization codes and in many services provide tiering or ~llthoTi7~tion of par~icular
ch~nnPIc of the service by des_.~...h!;.~g or ~IPCOr1;ng~
More lC,C~ y, the sul)s. .ibcr tc~ has becoll ~e user friendly by providing an
interactive, on-screen display and other fim~h~ nc that allow the sllbs~iher to ~ ulate
the subscription service and his television lccc;~,~. in ~ditinn~l ways. These fcalul~s
inrln~e such things as voluulc control, pay-per-view event cu.l ;ol~, favulile Ch9~ el
lictingc, sleep timer fcalur,s, viewing chAnnel i~iPntifir~ti- n, l,arclllal control c~p~hility,
~iO~ldlll timers for recol.li.lg VCR l)rogl~a, and other types of co..~ ...rr friendly
opclaliollal fCdlui~S.
In ~rlit~on~ some of the on screen ~-IUl_S found in newer television lcce;~ la can
be provided for older tclc~iaion rc~;~_.a by the subsc~ ion t<-~.;..Al Modern
sllbs.~ iou lc.".;I.Alc arc rc,lloLcl~ conrrolled and provide this c~p~bility to the older
television~ r. For ~ e, C~ id~ , mute andremotevolume control can
be ~cco-..I-Lal~cd bv the s-~ks.~ r t~ Al under remote control m~lrin~ the telcviaio
rccei~cr appear to have these c~r~hilitiPc-
An allv~ geoll~ e~l~lc of a subscriber te - ;1 ~l with these a~ced co.. ~.. Pr
fc~luics is the 8600 model series of st:bs.;lil)er ~e~ lC l~ ~rhlred by .~cientific-
Atlant~ InG of Norcross, Geor~a
Even with the advance in the user friendly fc~.l u~s of such subsrriher terminals,
there have been some il~COu~ es in interfArin~ with other c~ -r devices, such
Wo 94/13096 PCTtUS93/11649 ~
21~ 36
as VCRs and television rece.~e-~, because of the in-~c ..~ ;bilities in tuning capability and
operation. For example, if a sl-hs~Tiher wants to ~ u. ..~ l ir~lly record a program on his
VCR and that ~JlU~ lll iS a IJiCllliUlll event (it may have to be des~ le~l in the
subscriber tell,~illal), he must not only set'the s~bs~iher terminal plO~o~ timer, but
must also set the VCR plO~dLll timer ta ensure that it will be on and tuned to ch~nn~l
3/4 which is the normal output of the terminal. To program both of these timers, the
sl-hs~iher must after selc~ g the ~lO~ event translate the event time and date into
the instorf~-~e l~ ~ of each particular piece of e~ that he is using. While both
the sl-1-s- - ;k_l te~ l and VCR may have user friendly interf~ es to assist in the
process, they generally will be quite di~relll and cause conci~Grable confi-ci~n for the
subscriber.
Recently, there has been a service to assist in A~lc-~ Ally ~,r~,~; -.. ;~g a VCR
which cO~ of a device to decode certain IJlO~dlll event codes. These plO~dlll event
codes can be printed in TV prograrn licti~c~ such as in the 11e~ J~aPe1~ or any of the TV
,ro~ listing services. The sllhs~iher selects a ~ro~ from the listing and inputs the
~C~OC;~te~ plU~ UU event code to the VCR control device which tr~nclstes the code into
a date and time for the OC-.;UU1~,-1CC of the ~rO~ The device then ~ a~.C,S i~cd(IR) control co..--.-~.Ac to a VCR to turn the l~ulder on and off at the proper times.
I~ s_~lly, this device does not intçrf~re se~ml~c1y with cable tclc~iûn
sl~hs~ ion s~ s. If the sl~l s- ;l.er co"nr ~Ic the VCR tLIùu~L a s~uhs~iber te~
bccau~c he wants to view a S~ .C t~ event, the tc. ~ l will cause some incou.~
with this device in that its ~ro~ timer must still be IJrO2~ r~ with the date and
time of the ~ro~u event, but more h~ y the f~ -.el to be tuned by the VCR
must be the output of the t~ i..al, such as c~ c 3/4 for NTSC. If the snl,s- ;In r
co .~r,~. the VCR difccll~ to the cable with this device, he can not record lJle~iul-
events and must ~Ct~ ;ne whether the TV ~.o~ listing from which he has taken the~lO~;lalU event code has the same cl.;-..nrl line up as his sllbs~ ioll service and mu t
ensure that his VCR can tune that ~ .rl
The.cfùre, it would be ~uite ~ a6.~ to provide a single ~ubs~
ec~ cnt co- .r,~ ." which would se~ml~ccly and easily pro~ both the s..l,~.-. ;h~,
t~-- --;,-~l and the VCR with a plO~ event code. It would also be of a~h~ge for the
slll~s- ;I,~r ~ 1 to ~_co~ lU~l """';~ sources and be able to ll~lale these into
the spe~fir ~ nnr,l Lt~ n~ e.s which a local cable system has ~ e~l to them.
21S~79~
W O 94/13096 . I~CT~US93/11649
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thcleîore, it is an object of the invention to provide a peripheral co. ~ . .ir~ti~ nc
and control interf~re for an auxiliary device conn~cte~ to a subscriber terminal.
It is anolller object of the invention to provide an i~cd (IR) I)e-i~hcral
controller as an auxillary device which cQmmllnir~tes with.and is controlled by the
hel~l interface.
It is still another object of the invention to provide control and co~ ;r~tionc
bet ee.. the subscriber tennin~l and the IR pe..l,heldl controller to control one or more
types of VCRs.
YCt ~nrther object of the invention is to provide an ay~aluS for the ;~lo...~;c
rccor~ of a ~llU~;lalll event based on a l~ro~ event code input to the s~lbsr~iher
te, ...;. .~1 from an ~c~o~ :~ted television plo~alll listing.
Accordiu~, the i~ ioll provides a s~lbs~Tiher tel,l.illal for a subsc~ ion
tcl~ iol, service which inrlll~es a co~ ;r~tionc and control interf~re for au~liary
devices. The interface ~l~fc.ably c~u~.~es a four wire ribbon cablc which provides a
serial l-~il line, a serial receive line and ground for bidile.,lio.,al ~yncllll)nuuc digital
~J""""";r~tinnc The fourth line is a power supply line which will source current from
the s~lbs~iher te~...;..~l to an ~lnrilizry device will~ou~ an int~rnzl power supply.
Data, status and control tr~n~innC are Açfin-oA for the co.. n;~tionc and
control interfr^e ;l~h~l;ug CO ~ ZI~ trzn~zctionc initizted from the ,c~lbsrriher t~u..;..~l
and reply ~ from the au~dliary devices. An ~llYili~ry device which can becontrolled in this ~ ...r,r iS an IR ~vc~ h~al controller which rccc;~_s cC!....,...n;~tion~
from the s~lbs~iher tc.-- ;n~l and Cû~ b them to IR l ;~ io~.c which can controlany ,,..,,,lw, Of ~, ;I.h ~1 devices.
In an il~ cA imple... ~ ;nn, the interface and IR ~,il)h_,~ controller can
be utilized in an ~ l~.tlraluS for z-,~o-..zl;rzlly rccoldillg a ~u~ event, . LcLll_r it is
s~ ..blcA or nût. The system inrlll~s the subs."ib_. tc --;..~l the D~ h~
controller, a tcl~ ion lcc~ r and a rcco..lhlg device, such as a video cA~ recorder.
A series of data, status and control trzn~artionC are lcr;nr~ b t~ the subsr~iher
tc-.. ;.. ~l and the IR ~,,;l-h.,.~l controller to imrlem~nt tis r~.. ~;r.. ~ .
In one tr~n~ ^tion~ the s~lbsc~iber te~ l sends the .le~ ~ data and control
;..r.~ ;.,.. to the IR ~ he,al controller to allow the controller to ~IPt~J.,.;l.r~ w_ich
WO 94/l3096 PCT/US93/11649
2~ 9~ ~
sperific VCR it is controlling. As the brands of VCRs (and nu~llber of models within
a brand) proliferate, this feature allows a facile metht)rl of confi~lrin~ the IR peripheral
controller for any par~icu!ar VCR. ne~ ce this filnrtion is ~rcomrlished with the
~c.~ .re of the on screen display of the subscriber tc~ i~l, the feature ~ the
subscriber to co.. ~.. ;r~te with a single user friendly interf~re for confi~lration.
A second ~ AI l ;on provides control co.. ~ c to the IR peripheral controller
to start and stop the VCR. The IR controller ~1PeO~ieS these co.. ~ lc and ~ S
them into the IR h;~ c ~ ~cc ~ to cause these filnrtionc in the VCR. Wit~ this
feature, the coll~ allL timers of the sl~bsr~iher t."~ al can be used to
C4...pl;ch ~ o.";.l;r rcco~dillg of the pro~ event. This feature is also ~ccicte~3 with
the on screen display of the s~ s~ cr te~ 1 so that the subscriber may co~ ..;r~te
with a single user friendly int~rf:~re~
As an ~rlrlitir~n~l feature, the system inrln~les an ~p~alu_ for ;...~ ly
rcco~di,lg a ~ro~ event by means of a ~lUy,litllll event code which has been selecte~l
by the ~ 5~ .e~ from an ~ te~l tclc~io~ l,lo~ listing. The ~-f.~ event code
which is a coded inrli~tir~n of the start time, ~llr~hr~n of the event, and ~JlU~al~l source
is input to the SllbS~ C ~ 1 Thc pro~ cvent code is then hr~n~l~te~l either by
the - ~s.-. ;her tC~ 1, by the IR controller, or partially by each, into data which can be
input to one of the ~io~ timers of the ~-~b~ ,1 er te- ,,,;,.~1
Preferably, a third tr~nc~rti~n is lP.fin~ to ~ CI~te the ~1~0~ event code intotime, date, ~JlU~ length, and pro~ source in the IR l,c~ hr~al conhroller. This is
accc...l~ hP~ by passing the ~.~ event code to the IR controller and rec~iving areply co-~ g the ~eC~c~ r"....~ .. This ;--r~ ;o.. is then loaded into one of
the ~ro~ timers of the ~.~bs~-- ;l--,r t~ Al When the tirne in thc l~lo~ timer
Pl~pses, thc VCR is controlled to record the cvent and then stop.
Thc s-~ -- ;ber t.v ",;"~ es a cl~ el ~p which P ~ :~tPs ~rogl~ so~s
with local cable ch~ rl ,,.~ h ,- ~. The ~ ~- ;l-h~,~l controller may also have a similar
cl.,...flrl map which is l,lo~ ble~ A uulubcr of ~ emho~l;...P ~L~. are po~ihle
where, if the ~ - ;l.h.,."l controllcr does not have a ~ rl map, then a !. ,."cl~ nn of the
~O~a~ source to the local cable c~ l by the sllbs--;hf,~ ~c ,,,;,~1 will take place
before the ;~ro.~ n is stored in a l, u~ timer. If the IR ~ ;l~h-,.~l controller has
a ~ -l ~p, then the controllcr ~n return the local ,h~...)Gl llull~ber
instead of the pro~ source. A~s a final cmho~limp-nt a tr~n~rtir~n is defined to
~ wo 94/L3096 215 0 7 9 6 PCT/US93/11649
download the IR controller rh~nnçl map with the ch~nnPl map of the subscriber terminal
so that the correct ch~m:~l number is returned.
BRIEF DESCRI~I~ON OF T~E DR~WINGS
-
~ hese and other objects, ~alulcs and aspects of the invention will be more clearly
understood and better ~es-~ ;he~l if the following ~let~ile~l des~ Lion is read in
cc~ ;on with the a~ .lded d~d~.ill~ ~lle~.111
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a sllhsl n~tion television system of the CATV
type which inr~ çs a mnltirlirity of subscriber tcl. lhlals;
Fig. 2 is a det~ile~l block diagram of one of the subscriber tc ~ ,..;.,~lc of the system
illustrated in Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is a pictori~l re~les~ l;on of the key fimrtion~ of the remote control ofthe subscriber interf~re to the subscriber tell~ al illustrated in Fig 2;
Fig. 4 is a system block di~ of a ~,el;~hel~l co~ ;r~tir~nC and control
intrrf~ce beh _e~ the sl~bs~ihçr t.~ l and a plurality of auxiliary d.,.;ce;.,
Fig. S is a !ietS'il~'l e~ s~ I;C ~1;~;..,~ of tbe int.~rf~r~ illustratcd in Fig.
4;
Fig. 6 is a pictorial ~ ,lesc~ l;nn of the co~ u~;rs~tionc yiOlO~Ol among the
snbsr~iher t~ and the au~dliary devices which is co.~ ;rs~tç(l over the int~rf~re
illustrated in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is a system block .i;z~... of an al,palalus for ~ ;r~lly f~coldillg aevent on a VCR lltiH7ing the snhs~ r t~ l the int~rf~re~ an IR p . ;I.h~.
controller, and a lel~ io~ rc.x;~_.,
Figs. 8 and 9 are pictori~ .cse .l~ l ;on~ of a co. . - . -;~ l ;o. . to control the
VCR from the subscTiber ~ ....;..~l and the repy tr~n~rti~ n from the IR ~,C, ;pcontroller for the a~palalus illuaLlalcd in Fig. 7;
Figs. 10 and 11 are ~ 1Q~ rC~rc~rnt~tionc of a co...-..- . i tr~n~ctinn to
co..l ;~,.. c the ~ .. te ~ of the IR pe,iyh~.~l controller from the s ~- i~ t.. ~ l and
the reply tr~nC~ction from the IR pe~ h~ l controller for the ~y~alu~ tc.d in
Fig. 7;
Figs. 12 and 13 are pictorial ~e~lcse.~ l ;nn~ of the cc.. ~ to decode a pl(~
event code from the subscriber tc, ~--;n~l and the reply tr~n~h~n from the IR p~ he.~l
Wo 94/13096 PcTluss3lll649
~5~7~ --
controller to calLe the ~ u.. ~-/ ;c rcco~.ling of a plU~ 'e(i event based on the event
code for the ~palalua illustrated in Fig. 7; and
Fig. 14 is a pictorial rel,lcsc~ ;on of the comm~n-l tr~nCA~ior to store the
.-hAnnPI map from the subscriber te~ Al into the channel map space within the I~peripheral controller for the a~alus illustrated in Fig. 7;
Fig. 15 is pictorial r~plcsv~ l;on cf the rhAnn~l map of the IR ~ )hc
controller;
Figs. 16A-C are a system flow chart of the on screen operations of the subscriber
te....;.~Al in the system illustrated in Fig. 7 nsili7ing the il,lcl~acc and trAnca~i~nc
illustrated in Figs. 8, 9, and 12-15; and
Fig. 16D is a system flow chart of the on screen ~ "ahiO~a of the subscriber
tt,---;l-Al in the system illustrated in Fig. 7 ~ltili~ the interface and tr~nCA~innc
illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11.
DETAILED DESCRIPI~ION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A ~bsrnrdon tclc~,~io~ systcm of the CATV typc is morc fi~lly illuahatcd in Fig.1. The snbs~ ;n~ . Iclc~,~;on system in~ lAPs a hPAA~nA 10 and a plurality of al ~ks~ ~ ;k.,r
t~-~...;..AIc 40, 44 and 48 which are co~ r~ted over a ~ ;b~l;n~l system 52. As is
co~.cnl ;~ Al the diallilJulion system 52 may include coaxial or optical fiber cable, sy~tem
~mpli~Pnc, line ~ ..A..~, etc. The h.~s;d~nA. 10 iS under the sup_.vi i~,~. of a -ystem
~.A~[ 12 which controL a ~ia~h arC controller, h~d<--~ controller 22. A billingco~ ler 11 co~ ;~tPs with the ystem ''Al~Z8f~ 12 to ~ h...;-e and ll~a
..c~ c to aubs~ ,.a.
Thc tclc.i; ion or other },~ ---;n~ for the subs-li~lion syatem may come ~rom
a ~c~tçllite du...lli~ where it ia deco~lPd and ~1.r...~ul..1~teA by ~C~tr-llite rccc;~_.a 18 into
a l~ulllb~,r of cl~lmrlc Each ~hAn..rl is either ~ppliPA to a mnAlll~tor 24 and 30 or a
scrambler and mo~ tor 26 and 28 which, under the control of the h~-~d~PnA controller
22, rc .~ tps the ~ ....Pk to the L~ OI the local sul~-~ " system rh~
line up. For a ~lC~iulll or restricted ~ .rl service (tiered, pay-per-~icw, or thc lilce),
some cl.~....t~lC are s~ ..h' d by any of the known CATV ...~ !hoA~ by the s.,l~lJlers and
mnAnl~tora 26 and 28. While the other ch~ rlc can be t~ e~ without ~l~ iolL
The ~llU~ h_....rlc are then L~lucn~;~ division mlll~ .rrl onto the LaL~ ulion
wo 94/13096 2 ~ 5 ~ 7 9 6 PCT/US93/11649
system 52 by an RF cq.. l.;. er 34 as a bro~h~n~l television signal. The plurality of
ch~nn~lc of ~lO~ ~ can then be ~ e~ over the distribution system 52 and
supplied to eaeh of the su1)5~-, ;ber te~ als 40, 44, and 48.
The scramblers and mo~ tors 26 and 28 further may inrhl~e the filnrtiorl of datainsertion for its particular eh~nn~l This metho~l of providing the data within thé ch_~cl
signal is generaliy termed in-band si~n~lin~ The data may be applied to any audio
portion, video portion or both audio and video portions in comhin~ti-n, or any other
portion of the television ch~nn~l Many subseription television ~y~lell~s have ~~ ude
mo~ te~1 data pulses on the audio subcarrier. rul ILer, in other subseription tcle~;~iDn
~y~hlllS, data may be ~e~ Icd into the vertical and/or 11QI; ~ 1 bl~nkin~ intervals of the
video portion.
The data which is inserted into the television ~I~A~ ÇI in ths -;~ .r can be
cnn~liti( n~l access data to globally or locally address and control the s~lbsr~iher terrnin~lc
40, 44 and 48, on screen text data, or other types of ;..r~ ;on from the h.o~d~n~
controller 22. Other data and ;.~r.~ n, such as ele~.~ullic I,ro~ guides and
il~ro.---;.l;nn S~ CCS, can be inserted into the ~ c from a data eontroller 20. The
data eontroller 20 ean reeeive local data or -~ l data ~om the s~tellite downlink
through the s~t~llite rece.~_r 18.
In ~ ih~n, data can be ~ e~l over the ~ictrihlltinn system 52 by out-of-bandcign~ling In this mode, the system ~ Ag~ 12 ~rc~Ccrs an addressable 1.;...~ 32
with tr~nc~rtinnc to ~ this data The addressable ~ cr 32 may be used tom~ te a data signal on a frequency not ~cco -:~t~!A with the tclc~ ion ~io~ ..~ g
The bro~ih~n~i tcl~ ion p~o~ g of the cable ~lc~ has generally been applied
from 50 M~ to 550 MHz and above, while out-of-band cigJl~ling ~;.IC~ have been used
in non-video ~Ol lions of these sigIials, such as at 108.2 M~ with a frequency shift keying
m~yhll~tinn t~ ue~ These tr~nc~ hnnc are cc. ..k;-lr~i with the l~ ih~n~ tcle~
signal at 36 and ~ c~ to the SV~!S.~ ,r tc . ~ .Alc 40, 44 and 48.
Tr~n~rtionc in the system are de~;~;"~le~l as addressed (to a pardcular snhs . ;hcr
tc .--;..~i or group of ~bs. ;h~r t~ ....;..~lc) and global (to all sul,s~i~cr t~, ...:..~lc), These
tr~nC~ onc are in a s~d~di~d format w~ich can be sent over any of the
co.... :~ti~ n paths ~.. f .. 1 ;n.~ri
Si~li~ and data ;~ro~ Al;on may also flow in the r~ .c dhc~,~n from the
s~hs-- ;her tC- -.;..~lC to the h~en i via a reverse Ci~ling path ~ uu~ the
Wo 94/13096 PCT/USg3/11649
215~7~
system 52. In one form, the reverse signals are digital biphase shift keying (BPSK)
modul~ted and applied to a frequency below 50 MHz. The signals flow back from the
subswibcr tc ...;..~lc to an IPPV ~rocei,~or where they are ~ieco-le-i In ~d-litiorl~ any of
the subscriber te....;..~lc 40, 44 and 48 may indude a mt~t1ern and teleFhone link 52 to
a tele~h~ c l,loccssor 16 at the he~ nt3 10. The i~c,~ aLion from processol~ 14 and
16 are di~,led to the system manager 12, which c.~..--...-..ir~tes to the billing co~l~uL~r
11 to obtain ~ I.o; ~;on and billing inro....~l;on The reverse sign~ling system has
generally been used for oldc.ing pay-~a~ YiC~. (PPV) or impulse-pay-per-view (IPPV)
cvents. In the future the reverse signal path may be used for any ~ cr of ~dtlitiQns
interactive services.
Ref,!..;.~g to Fig. 2, a c~e~ t3 block dia~ of one of the snhs~ .;hcr te~...;..~lc,
for example, the one int1ir~ted as 40 of the sllhs~ ioL. television system will now be
dcs- ;herl The bro~(lb~nt1 television signal from signal .I;~ l ;r)n system 52 is rcce;~d
at the input of up/down C(J~ cr or tuner 100. An out-of-band data rccc;l,~,r 150 is aLco
C_ -r 1~ ~ to the broq-tlhqn~ input. Conventir n~lly, the up/down C`Oll~Cl L~r 100 may include
an input filter, such ac a diplcxer, to s~,p~te the 108.2 MHz out-of-band signal andl the
bç~ l telc.~io~ sigl~al. The up/down CO~ 100 can be tuned to a
de tel ..-;.~r~ -...el for lec~ ~g in-band video and audio data when not in use. The
C1~A~ rI rnay be picA~-tc.~ A from the system ~ agr,r 12 and, by one of the dataLln...~ ... m~thotlc des~ll~cd herein, the pic~ct~ --;--ed ~1~Ah~rl identifir-q-tion can be
stored in subs~ihçr t~,...~;..ql 40.
When in uce, the up/down c~ .hr 100 is tuned accorJi~g to a c~ rl cllLer~d
by a s~bs~-,;he~ via a user intcrf~ce having an IR f~ r 124, remotc control 126 and
t~ al keypad 122. Up/down COIl._. ler 100 uses a phace locked loop under the control
of a tuning control 102 to ~1~ 1 the srle~ed or ~-c~lctc.~ Pd default R~
signal to a 45.75 MHz ;~ te L~,qu~ll~ signal. A m~ ;r...- I;on control circuit
(MCC) 104, preferably an ~ppiir~tir~n ~pecifir iule~aled circuit (ASIC) cc ...I.;..;.,g many
slll)s~-~ ;l~r t~ - ---;n~l control and data hAn-lling funrtion~ into a single p~,- L~, is linked
to up/down ~~ ,r 100 ~y a bid;n,~ Al link to the tuner control 102. The link hasone path for tuning and a return link for feed~Ar~ control of the tuning IJrOCeSS. A
fce~bAr~ signal for ,~v~u~ gain control and one for ~lo~ ;e frequency control are
L~ le~ to the up/down cc,l~ er 100 through filters 101, 103, f~c~ ly from a
video ~ipmnAlll~tor 109.
wo 94/13096 ~! 1 5 0 7 9 G pcTNs93/llli4s
A filter, such as a SAW filter 106, filters the IF ch~nn~l signal to split the signal
into se~ate video and audio portions for further procescin~ The video l,olliuu is
~i.omod~ te~ and descr~mhle~l by the video ~emoA~ tor 109 under the control of adescrambler control 110 of the MCC 104. The video r~emnd~ tor 109 ~e.~lllls the sync
reslul;~tion (descr~mh!in~ of the video signal) for sync ~u~res~ion scr~mhlir~ The video
signal then passes through a band pass filter 130 and to a video u~ er 132 whereinverse video inversion (d~s_l ..hling) takes place. The desci~ of the video- portion, wL~ lhe~ sync au~ c~ion, sync ~_laiO~ video line inversion, etc. is under the
control of the descl~l~r control 110 of the MC~ 104. The dc.,c~ ~r control 100
provides the l~eCG~ timing signals, inversion a7ns levels, and ~Lcthcr the video is
inverted or not to the video iu~ ler 132 and supplies the -rc~ timing, re;~lolaLion
levels and idpntifil~tinn of sync pulses to be l~slu,ed to the d~Pmn~ tQr 109. The
des~ ..bler control 110 usually r~ cei~ s such descr~mhling ;l~r~ ;on from pulses as
in-band audio data
In the other path, thc audio signal is c~ lcd from the 41.25 M~ IF carrier to
the intPrrnot~ tinn freql~P-n~y of 45 MHz by a a~,h~-l10us f~eteCtQr 105. Feerib~ for
I ;r gain control of ieteçtor 105 is sl~ppliP~ from the output of band pass filter 131.
The audio signal may then be ~emnd~ teA by an FM Aernod~ tor 119. An ~ pl;lu~le
mndlll~tion Aete.-lor 111 I,e~ ru~ s, pulse detectinn to rccù.~ l the in-band audio data
which are ~...p!;~..AP! mn hll~ted onto the audio carrier. The reco._;ed in-band pulses are
s~lpplie~l to an in-band audio data A~eco~er 117 of MCC 104 for ~)rOCe``;~g after being
shaped by pulse shaper 115. The in-band data, except for d~, .,....hl;.,g data, is
stored in DRAM 137 for b!~rr~ y,. Des~l~bler control 104 ~e,,es des~ ..hl;.~ data
dilc~;~ for the ~ndeo ~C3~ h~ laliO~ Volume control of the audio signal is
~el~---cd under the control of a vu~ e control 118 of the MCC 104 and the
mi~;lùp~)cessol 128 as ~5-.;hcA~ in U.S. Patent No. 5,054,071, i.,coll,ola~ed herein by
reference. After vulLu~e control, the audio signal is passed lluuu~ a iow pass filter 123
and a mute switch 125. The output of the mute switch 125 is ~I;eA to a m~~ tor 142.
The MCC 104 ~ece;~_.. the video signal after ~ -nd~ hnn and ~i~.s-~ hl;.~ and
strips the in-band -video data ~om the VBI of the signal with a VBI ~co(l~ ~ 129. The
in-band video data is ~. ..,~...;l~ rl at a ~ u~ on the order of known t~kt. ~
such as about 4.0 mt~g~hitc per seC~n~l and a data clock provides an a~yrol~liate
s~ .li..g frequency higher than the Nyquist rate accordillg to weD known techni~ os
Wo 94/13096 ~ ~ 5 ~ ~ q~ PCT/US93/11649
~he in-band ~lecode~ 129 stores the data in DRAM 137 prior to p~c.ce~ by the
microprocessor 128, the DRAM 128 serving as a data buffer.
The output of video inversion circuit 132 is also supplied to an on screen display
control 127 of the MCC 104. The on scrèèn display control 127 sclc~ ,ly generates on
screen character and graphic displays in place of or overlaid on the video signal. The
mo~ tor 142 co.~.k;n~s the video signal from the output of the on screen display control
127 and the audio signal from the output of the mute circuit 125 and co.,~ the
..h;..rtl signal to the cl.~-.--rl frequency sel~cte~i by the microprocessor 128, such as
~h~nnrl 3/4 for NTSC. The cc~ k;l-rd and rem~ tç~l signal is sllrpli~d as an RF
output to a television lcc~ ,r in well known .~ ... r.
A control miclo~luc~or 128 controls the overall operation of the snhsrriher
tc.l.l.nal 40. The s~hs~;her co.~ r~tçs to and controls the miw~,processor 128
through an ullc;la~i~,C user int~rf~ce with an on screen display. The user intçrf~re
inrlll~es a k_~l oa~d 122 on the front panel of the subscriber tc~ ...;..~1 40 and the remote
126 which g~ e ~ubs~-~ ;h~, control signals for ,I~ -I tuning, volume level controL
feature scle~ n, and the like. These sllhs~iher control co~n~n~lC are ~ code~l by an
input sC~nnçr and control 148 of MCC 104. The remote IR r~cc;._r 124 of the userintçrf~re r~ct~ s the co -----~ lc from the i~ared (IR) or other remote control 126, as
is well known in the art, and provides c~ A~ to the ~u,-u~roce~or 128. The user
interf~re ~Arlitirn~lly inrll~ s a 4 digit, 7 ~e~ nl LED display 120 which di:~lJlâ~ the
tuned c11~nnP-I ..----h. .. ;~ and ~ rlstirc
When the keypad 122 or IR remote control 126 is lltili7~d to select a ~.. _.. l
the mi.ilul"oce~or 128 OlJc.dtcs to c~ ule the c~ .. A~l For c ~ ,le, this o~.~;o~.
may be to instruct the tuncr control 102 to apl,luy~ ely control up/down co~ hr 100
to tune a sel~ct~Pd ch~nn~l The svbs- ;l._r te~ l interacts with the sobs- ;l~r by
providing nuJll~.uus on screen di~ , which assist in the operation of the ~c ~ The
on screen di~ proYide ;.~r.,....~ and ~ro~ ~ to b~ude the ~ ou~ many
of the complex fcalulcs of the te1min~1
The des~l_L'-- control 110 of the MCC 104 uti~izes recu~ d ~ data
to b_n~,.ale ~y~oplia~c control signals, for example, i~ ,iou control and e~n~li7i~g~
sync r~s~o~,l;on or lC~ c~ for des~ .hl;~g, or ol~ ~ r~ the illpUt
b~cc~.A tclc~iiiûu signal. A secure mi~,roprocc~or 136 Acte-~ .es ~ h~ the
des~ ~ler control 110 of MCC 104 carries out des~;l; ...hl;.~ on a ~ r~ ..el
wo 94/13096 2 1 5 0 ~ 9 6 PCT/US93/11649
or what form of descrambling is lcquiled at a particular time by inte,l,fe~ g the
~"~ ;nn and control data down~ çd from the system manager 12 (by any of the
three data ~ ;on s~h~mes ~ c~ed herein, out-of-band, in-band audio or in-band
video) into the internal NVM lUelllOl~ of the device. The non-volatile memory (NVM)
in the secure mi..u~.occs~or 136 stores secure data, for example, ~n~l~o.;,~tiQn data,
scrambled ch~nn~-l data, scr~mhlin~ mode data, some telll,hlal confi~lration data and
other required data.
The control microprocessor 128 opclatcs by lUllllillg a control proæl~l which
preferably is partially stored in a read-only lllC~uly internal to the ~ioceisor and partially
stored in a non-volatile lllelllul~ such as Flash EPROM ll~ Ol~, 134. In ~-liti-)n, the
control lJlU~ lll of the control microprocessor 128 may also residc in thc non-volatile
memory of an e~ncion card 138. The mi~ lo~;oce~,~ol 128 cc,.. ~.. ;r~tGs with the non-
volatile memory 134 and 138 via a ~Ol~ bus 141 which has data, address, and control
lines. In ~rl~lition, the mi~lul)lùce~ûr 128 controls the data ~1eCOrIeJ~ 117, 129 and 146
and the tuner control 102, volume control 118, on screen display control 127, dc3_l~blcr
control 110 and input key sc~ P-r and eontrol 148 via ec.. ~ tl lc.u~h MCC 104 and
eontrol mi,loyloce~or bus (CMB) 131. The mi~oy~Jces3or 128 also diic~ eontrols
the mute switeh 125 and the output L~4~ sclec~ of the m~~ tor 142. The
mi.luyloce;~or128 inrl~ Gs9d~litinn-9lcdya~ y forother~llYilisryde~neecol~ ;r,s~tjnnc
and eontrol Ihlûu~ a data port 140.
The I~I_ UOl~f eontrol 112 ~e~---;l~ data eoming from the three data ~rcod~ 117~
129 and 146 to be plaeed in a volatile mc UU~ sueh as DRAM 137. There it ean be
.9,ccçC~e~ by the eontrol uli.lc,y.oce~iur 128 via the CMB 131. The MCC 104 aLcoGS eontrol instruetions from the eontrol ~- luyroec~or 128 to the other parts ofthe MCC 104 to provide operation of the rest of the sllbsmber tc~... --91 40. The MCC
104 -s-d~ ly cu~ r;l~ to a seeure ~ ..uy.occ~or bus (SMB) 143 whieh y~ ;L~
~-C"""".~ir9tinnc ~ " the seeure mi~roy,ocessûr 136 and other yulliulls of the
slll.s~ cr t~-~,,,;nAl 40. The SMB 143 is further eollrlG~I to the ~-y~ . eard 138 to
provide renewable se~uily.
The Ill_ UUl,~ control 112 and rni~lu~)lûce~ol interf~es of the MCC 104 are the
eentral co.. ----;-~l;o~-~ faeility for the eontrol micluy-oces~or 128 and the seeure
rni. royruccssor 136. The u~-~uu~ eontrol 112 rcee;~,_s re~est~ to write to Ill_ uu~ or
read from uu-~uo~r from the ~ ,luylO~c....).~128, 136 and the other c~uhoLs and dlata
11
WO 94/13096 PCT/US93/11649
B ~
decQ~lers It resolves co.~ ;o~c for lll~,~O~ srel~, giving priority to real time~pplir~tion~ and the mi.,loploccssol~, and sch~P~ les the data flow. The microprocessors
128 and 136 co- -~ te through intprn~l lC~ lel~ of the MCC 104 with the memorycontrol 112 and other portions of the MCC.
The ~ n~ion card 138 is a printed circuit card which con~ c memory and/or
secure microprocessor co,ll~nellls, w_ich can be plugged into a cQnnPctor 200. The
cu.~P~1Or 200 electric~lly eyt~!n~ls the control microprocessor ~e~lwl~ bus 141 and the
secure mi~,lop.ocesso~ bus 143 to the eYr~n~inn card 138. ~ litinn~l plU~l~LIll or data
uC,-lul~, or re.~ d sc~,u~ can be provided by thc eYI-~ncinn card 138.
The s~bs~ ~ ;b~-~ t~, ...;.~l may optionally include an impul~c pay-per-view (IPPV)
modnlP of either the t~lcpho~r type 152 or the RF-IPPV type 154. The IPPV mo~lll.3
allows the sllhs~ ~;bcl~ to request ~ l.o~ of their subscriber ~c - ;- ~l 40 to receive
pay-per-view events, store the data A~C,O~ tCd with the ~L~ Lase of the event in the non-
volatile Illc.llo~ of the secure mi.,ro~,roce;aor 136, and then ll~all-il the data to the
system ...-~.ag"l 12 via the l<le~h~ return path or the RF return path via the signal
rlictnhutinn system 52.
~ ig. 3 i~ cs the key co~r~ ;on of the remotc co~trol 126 of the user
interf~e, Tke remote control keys are a part of the interactive u_er interf~e which in
c~...l.;..;~l;~-.. with the on screen Jia~ provides a user Lic~ c.l.ho~ for the
s~hs~-~ ;b ,r and a facility of use for the f ,~lulCa of the sllbs~ ;l ,cr t,e- .n;~-~l 40. The keys
direct the ~.~I;,s~. ;l.c- t~ Al 40 to upC.alc in the following ~
The LAST key 200 toggles the tuning of the s~s~-~ ;bcr tc-- ,--:- ~l 40 bch._~.n the
l~t two ~ ~usl~ viewed cl~ rlC In the ~lules mode, this key will cau_e the
sllbsrrib~r lc ...;n~l 40 to return to thc ~ YiOua on screen display. The CH (up) key 202
,.lb the ~l~An~cl tuned for the slll~srri~er t~ ,i~l 40. While in the ~lO~ guidefeature, thia key moves the alrsor down by one ~hAi~nrl Thc ~H (down) key 204
dc~ lc~lb the c~ --,r-l tuned for the sul>s-;lil~r tc~ 40. While in the l,lo~
guide feature, this key moves the cursor up by one cl~ nfl- The VOL (up) kcy 206.rCaSCS the volu~e, except when the volu~llc is muted, in which case the kcy r~o;~.s
the last volume setting. The VOL (down) key 208 de..,lcascs thc volume, except when
the vululllc is muted, in which case it rc,lorcs the last volume setting. The MUTh Icey
210 toggles the volume mute feature where if the volume is muted, it bcc~ norm;ll
and if the volume is nnr~ l, it beco -~ s muted.
12
~ wo 94/13096 2 1 5 0 7 9 6 PCT/US93/11649
Thc FEATURES key 212 ~cecces the initial on screen menu when the 5n~sc~iher
te ,..;nAl is on. From within a menu, this key cance~s the feature mode and ielllo.~,s all
on screen menus. The SFr-F$$~ key 214, in an on screen menu, i~ ;Atfs t_e actionpointed to by the highlight or causes the tcl~al 40 to do what is dPfin~tl on the screen.
This key also tel ; ~Ates direct ch~nnel entry if pressed before all digits are entered. ~he
INFO key 216, when pressed while terminal 40 is in the on mode, causes time, rh~...rl
er, ~io~ cQnt~nt and ~io~ source i~oll,lalion to overlay the L~ c...;l~ed
video for 4 seCon~lc- The key also displays sleep timer status. When the key is prcs~,ed
in the viewing guide mode, a det~ description of the high~ hte~ p" ~ ,ea,~
The PAY-PER-VIEW key 218, when the subscriber tc ....;..~l is tuned to an IPPV ch~nn~ol
with a pro~... event wit_ a p.lr~l~ase ~ ind(Jw open, ;- ;I;Atcs a buy se~enre for t_at
event. When not tuned to an IPPV ch~nn~l this key ~cecces up the t_cater featuremenu.
The VIEWING GUIDE key æo a~cesces the viewing g ude fcature menu any
time the subs~ ;her t~ . -;- ~l is on and not in s~oLl~cr on screen menu. From wit_in the
viewing guide feature menu, t_is key cancels the activity and rc~u._s the v.e. i~ guide
feature menu. T~he LEFT key 2æ, while in the ~ro~ guide feature, moves the cursor
to t_e left 30 ~ es In an on screen menu, this key moves t_e l~ ]~l bar to the left
if there is more than one colllmn of available selection- The BACK ARROW key 224,
during the NVOD events, takes the suhsr~iher to a later showing (which is earlier in the
event by one offset ~ne iu~le~llc~l). The RIGHT key, æ6 while in the l,lo~ guidefeature, moves the cursor to the right 30 .--;..--leC In an on screen menu, this key mo~res
the highlight bar to the right if there is more than one colllmn of available scl,c~;o~
The FORWARD ARROW key 228, during NVOD evcnts, takes the svl~s~ -er to an
earlier shu. ~ (which is later in the movie by one offset time hl~,~c.ll).
The NEXI DAY key 230, while in the ~lO~ guide feature, moves the entire
screen to the right by one day (24 hours). The cursor returns to the uppcr left hand cell
of the scrcen. Thc PREVIOUS DAY key 232, whilc in the ~lO~51~ uidc fcature,
moves the cntire screen to thc left by one day (24 hours). Thc a~rsor returns to the
upper left hand cell of the screen. The UP key 234, while in the program guude feature,
moves the cursor up one ~ l In an on screen menu, this key me~ves thc h;~
bar up to the next available selection The DOWN key 236, whilc in thc l~lU~ lll g ude
feature, moves the cursor down one cl.~....rl In an on screen menu, this Icey moves the
WO 94/13096 PCT/US93/11649
~ 5~796
highlight bar down to the next available selectisn The PAUSE key 238, during NVOD
events, causes the current showing of the event to pause until the next start time.
The Numeric Keys ~9~4~Q~ within menus re(lnesting c~ el llUlll~ , directly
~ ~ .....
enter c~ rl ~u~ . During the l)~cl.lal control feature, IPPV access and other
bc, entries, these keys enter i~ntifir~tion codes. The POWER key 224 toggles thes~-bsr~iher te-~---;n~l 40 on and off. I~e SLEEP key 242 causes the sleep timer on scrcen
display and menu options to appear. The FAVORrrE key 246 tunes the s~-bs~
terrnin~l to a ~lcse~ le~l c~ l chosen by the subscriber.
Fig. 4 illu~ tcs a system block diagr~m of the s--~hsrriher te~ al 40 with a
C~i,,,,,,,,,,;r~ti~nc and control interf~re 306. The interface 306 is the extcr~al co""r~;n"
for the data port 140 (Fig. 2). The subscriber tc".li~al 40 may co~ C~te with and
control any of a plurality of au~dliary devices 300, 302 via the int.-rf~ce 306.c~ ly, the sl~hs~-- ;ber tc.l..inal 40 may be controlled by any of the auxiliary devices
via the intrrf~re 306. The interface 306 is a flexible, bidirection~l co.~ ,.;r~tinn~ path
which can send status, data and instructions to any of the ~llYili~ry devices 300, 302 and
receive cu~ ful~ status, and data from any of the au~dliary devices.
Onc particularly adv~ntag~ollc au~âliary device can be a ~ ls ,. al controller 300,
preferably an IR peripheral controller, which rec~;~_s data and co....n~ from the
SUI)S.,.~ ,r tCl..~ l 40 and controls a controlled device 304 via an IR ~rolucol. The
controlled device 304 in typical f~chinn may be a VCR, a tc}c~io~ set~ a digital musîc
tç~min~l, or any other co.~ r device no~n~lly found within the ylu~ of the
s-lhs~ .cr ~ al 40. Any co~ rr device may also be controlled from the ~ul~ ;bcr
t.qnnin~l 40 over the înt~ f~-e 306 by direct co~ ;n-~ rather than by IR ~J..l~l;ng
Fig. S ~ trs the ~1ÇP;1~(1 elçc~ri~l co~r.~ of a ~ f~ ,d
~l~lplc ..~ .nn of the înterf~e 306 a a bus. The 1~ d impl~ of the bus
is a four cc~ndvctor ribbon cable having a ~ line Tx, a receive linc RCV, a powcr
line VDC and a ground line GRD. The s~hs- .l~, t,v. .--;.1~1 40 has a h~ /rcce;.,_r
308 which 11;~ on the ll~ ll line Tx to all the ~ /rccc;~c,~ 31Q 312 and
314 of the au~liary devices 316, 318 and 320. The l~ c~;~_l 308 of the
sl-hs~v~ ;b~l termin~l 40 rcce ;~.~ s replies over the receive lîne RCV from all;r/rec~ 316, 318 and 320 of the au~dliary devices. The cc~ ground line
GRD is cc-l-.e~1e~l to all the ~ ler/ rece;~ . The cc~ pawcr line VDC is
used to power the ~ ry ll~ c~ 310, 312 and 314 and/or the auAil;a
14
-
21~07~
wo 94113096 PCT/US93/11649
devices 316, 318 and 320 if they do not have a power supply of their own. Preferably,
the L~ r/rect;~ r 308 of the subscriber terminal 40 is a data port driver ylo~
that controls il~rol...~l;on to an I/O port of the control rnicroprocessor 128. The driver
program co ~ ;c~t~s with the control ~JIU~l~LIll 332 of the microprocessor 128 to
Ll~lllil and receive the data
The co~"~ ";-~tionc prolocol among the subscriber te~ al 40 and au~liary
devices 300, 302 is provided by an asynchronous co.. l.. ;catioll yrolocol co.. ~;c~ g of
s~lks~iher tG~ initi~t~A cc~ A tr~nc~tinnc and auxiliary device reply tr~nc~ion~over the interface 306. The ~ I;nnc can be up to 258 bytes in length. All the bits
are ll-t~lll;l le,A at 9600 bits/sec with 0 volts being a logie 0 and 5 volts being a logie 1.
As shown in Fig. 6, a s~dald NRZ data format is used v~rith 10 bits. The 1.~ Il Tx
line is low prior to a ...~ c ll;~ n and a start bit (logic 1) is h~ ;llcA. as the
first data bit in a eharaeter. An 8 bit data byte is then ~ c~ with the least
~i~nific~nt bit first followed by the last bit in a eharacter, a stop bit (logie 0). Bet~,veen
each charaeter is a break which is a high level (logic 1) for 10 bit times. The ~utocol
states that once a co.. -.. A L~;.. ,~,,.;c~;on has taken place, a reply tr~n~tion must begin
within 500 msec after the subscriber t~,.~i,lal 40 ;,,;~ GA the tr~nC ~inn If not, a~lo~Lcr
s~lhsrnher te~ .,.;..~l initi~teA tr~nc~`tit)n will be l~ ;lleA If, after ~ r 500 msee,
an auxiliary device 300, 302 does not r~ A, the snhsr~iher Ic ~ -AI 40 will display an
on screen .. P-~g~ inAirAtine a co.. ;t~ti~-n p.o~l~m The snbs- ;l.er t.,.~al 40 may
initiate a new h~ c';Qn within 100 rnsec after a comrleteA h~ ---;l/reply se~nenre
The format of co.. ~-A tr~n~ctinnc in this l.,otocol is that shown in the upper
pGl liOll of Fig. 6, where the first byte is divided into 4 bits of an address and 4 bits of a
cc.. ; ~ code i(l~nttfiPr. The ædd,~,~ie5 are used to ~k te, --;--r- the particular au~lia~y
device to which the trAn~rtion is .li~ d and the co.. ~.-A code is to inAi~te to the
device what r..,-- I ;.~, or ~ I;n~ i5 to take place. After the c~ code is one byte
a data length field which can range from 1 to 255. Following the data length field are
tne .. ~..hcl of data bytes inAir~tl~A in that field. The last byte in each tr~tn~ton is a
P..~L ~ . A reply tr ~n~c~inn from an au~iary device 300, 30~ has a sirnilar forrnat in
that it is addressed to the s~l~s~iher ~e. - .;~A1 40 and CQ~ ;n~ the ~rpe of reply which is
being sent to the t~J...;..AI In ~Aitinn, mlllttrle bytes of data may be rc~ A by
inAi~ting the ll~lll.b~ r of the data bytes in the data length field of the reply ~n~ion.
Finally, the reply tr~n~tion will t~,l~ate with a byte of ~ L~.....
Wo 94/13096 PCT/US93l11649
215~6
Fig. 7 illustrates a preferred embo~lim~o-nt of the invention which provides an
~p~"luc for the ~ lO ~ ;c lec.).di~g of a plO~ event on a video c~csette recorder
350. In the figure there is shown the sllbsc~iher termin~l 40 which outputs a l~ugl~- on
rh~nn~l 3/4 to the input of the VCR 350. The subscriber tell lal 40 co ~ ~ ;r~tes with
the IR controller 300 to produce the ~ccc~ IR control and instruction codes to turn
the VCR off and on at the correct time, and to tune the rl-~n ~Pl output from the
subscriber termin~l 40. A television rcce;~cr 352 is co~ r,.-led to the output of the VCR
350 so that the subs~,-ibc- may view the ~ro~ event as it is h~l.pe ~i ~g and
cim~ s.. ro cly record the plO~ event on the VCR.
In the co~r~ a~ion shown, the s~hsc~ihçr uses the on screen display fealules of
the sluhsc~ibe~ t., ...;. ~l 40 to dete.~uc a pro~a~ event which he wishes to watch in the
future. This Sf lr-~ process is an interactive session with the subsr~iher t~ l 40
using the remote control 126. The selechon p.~.cess causes a ~ro~ timer to be set in
the s~hs~iher te~ l which is ~Jlogl~ ed with the time of the bro3dr~ct of the
~ro~ event and the c~ -el which it will be bro~ir~ct on. At the bro~dc~ct time the
snhscr~her tc ~ 1 40 will ~ ;r~lly tune to the c ""~1 of the ylu~aul event set
in the ~lO~ dmer and further will control the VCR 350 to rccord the event via the
hc~al controller 300. In one c,u~ l the p~O~;l~ timer is set through an
on screen i~le~r~ re session and in ~nnth--r e.~.ho.l;.. ll a ~JlU~l~lll event code collcctly
enters the pro~ event data into the p.o~ timer.
When the auxiliary device is an IR ye~ ;ph~ l controller 300, a particular groupof tr~n~ctinnC has been d_~elo~,ed for the alJ~alu~ of Fig. 7 to more a~; l~O~CI~r
;",I~""~I;r:~lly record a p~u~ event. These tr~n-C~ onc are more fully described with
respect to Figs 8-14 and are in the l,-o~ocol of t_e intçrf~ce 306. The fir_t tr~nc~r~on
in Fig. 8 is a co~ ~ ~n~l to control the VCR and co~l~es an address and ~ A~ byte
which in~li~t~s that the tr~n~rtion iS ad~h~ S~C~ to the IR pç ;I.h~ l controller 300 and
is for control of the VCR 350. The tr~nC~rtion is 3 data bytes in length which is
in-ljc~te-l in the data length field. The 3 bytes to produce the control of the VCR. are
1 byte which is a VCR c~ d such a_ stop (end recû~.li.lg) or start (record), a second
byte in~ir~h~ the rl~ rl to which the VCR i to tune, and a gencric code in~ir~ting
the VCR brand and model. Thc c~ cl ~ cr that the VCR 350 must tunc is typically
..,.rl 3 or 4 dc~cn~l; g upon what is set for the output from the ~ t~,.. .;n~l
40.
16
2150796
WO 94/13096 PCTtUS93tll649
The standard reply to the subscriber terrnin~l 40 for a VCR control co....n;~ isa reply tr~nC~ction as more fully shown in Fig. 9. The reply tr~nC~tion shown is a
~L~d~ reply that the VCR control tr~nC~tion was plO~. lly recci~,ed. It cQ~ of the
subscriber terminal address, a reply idçntifier, a data block length of 1 byte, and a
che~L~.~... byte. The data byte is all zeros except for the most ci~nifir~nt bit which
inrlir~teS whether the battery in the IR pcli~h~.~l controller is low or not. If the bit is
set, the battery is low. If the bit is not set, the battery is okay.
The second type of VCR tr~n~on is a h~ ;on to the IR ~,eli~hc.~l
controller 300 of a program event code. The pro~l event code tr~n~rtion is more
fully illustrated in Fig. 10 and begins with an address nibble and cc.. ~.. d nibble,
in-lir~ting that the tr~nc~ction is addressed to the ~el;yhel~l controller 300 and is a
pro~ event code, rc.,l,e.,li~ly. The ~ cr of data bytes in this tr~nC~tion is 12,
where the first four and one half bytes are BCD digits inr1ir~ting a ~ro~ event code
and the last nibble in byte 5 is the ...~...hcr of non zero l~ro~ event code digits. Bytes
6-8 inrlir~te the current time and 9-11 in~lir~te the current date. An event code is a
coded series of digits re~uiring a tr~n~l~tinn ~ .-.. to be stored in the IR controller
300. D~ g on the ~Igu, ;ll...., the tr~n~l~tion routine may need the actual time of
the tr~n~lqtion- This actual time is provided by the snbs~ .cr tc.lllinal so it is not
nrcyc;~.ytobuildarealtimeclockintothecontroller300. Byte12isrcs_~_dforfuture
use.
In re,~ e to the 1'~~ event code co.. ~ l Ll~.s~- l;r~." the IR ~ .h al
controller 300 returns with a l~lo~ event timer reply transaction as seen in Fig. 13.
This reply ~ cal l;n~ ind;rAtes that the IR ~ helal controller 300 has t,~1-sl~ed the
~lO~d~ event code into the ;~ru~ ;nn neede~l to l~lo~ the ylo~ event timers
within the s~lbsrriher t~ AI 40. It begins with an address nibble directed to the
sol-s~- ;k~,r t-. ,,,;,~Al 40 and an id~ntifirAtion nibble to in~lir~te it is a ~JlU~ l event timer
rc;,~ullse. The data length field in~licAtes there are 8 data bytes in the reply tr~nC~ n
The first two bytes in~lirAte the start time of the ~ro~alll cvent in ho~rs and ~ J~f C,
while the bytes 3-5 in~licAte the date of the ylu~ event oc~ nce. Bytes 6 and 7
in~lirAte the ~lO~ event length in hours and lll;llllIGS and byte 8 in~lirAtes which
cl.;.. el (source) the particular t~lU~ U event will be broAA~Act on. The timc of the
broAdcAct is the start time _nd the event length allows one of the program timers of the
snbs~- ;ber tCI ~I;l.Al 40 to det~u..;n~- the stop time. Byte 1, bit 3 acts as an in~iirAti--n of
17
WO 94/13092 l 5 ~ 7 9 ~ PCT~S93/11649
whether the plO~ u event code was rcço~ ed by the tr~n~1~tQr of the IR controller 300
and bit 2 allows the controller to return il~folulation about whether its battery is low, the
same way that it does in a standard reply tr~n~ on. Byte 8 returns either the ch~nnel
number of the program event, if it has a ~O~ c~ ch~nn~l map, or the source of the
program event, if it does not have a ~ n~-fl map or if the ch~nn~l map is not
progr~mm.o~
It is evident that the s~-hs~-her telulillal 40 could translate the ~IO~l~ code
directly. If this is the case, then the ~)ro~ timer is loaded with the tr~nrl~ted
;.~fo,.--~;on wiLLoul use of this tr~nc~ion- However, it is a~ ee~vc bec~ur~e there
maybeseveraldiLfere~ ;rn~l~o~;Lill~ fromdiLfere~ Rcontrollerm~nllf~cturers
and this tr~ns~ction f~-~ lit~tes the use of all of them.
A third type of tr~nc~c~inn is shown in Figs. 10 and 11 and ~ the IR
l,cli~hcral controller 300 to be co..f;~1~rcd to control a particular brand and model of
VCR 350. As is co--~ ;on~l, the IR peli~hc-al controller co~ an c.~Lc~ list of
IR codes for particular models and brands of co~ r devices, particularly the VCR350. This tr~nc~ction assists in the se~ n of one of these codes to control the VCR
350. The set up VCR tr~nc~rtinn begins with the nibble add,c~cd to the IR y_~iyh~
controller 300 and a .-u.-..-.~ rlibble to ~i~;Ul~ the VCR 350. The h~ l;o~.
concictc of 2 data bytes which are in~ir~ted in the data length field. Thc first byte is a
VCR brand byte and the next byte has four control bits which in order are termed the
next bit, the first bit, the retry bit and the walk bit. If the WALK bit is set, this
.~"... (1 tells the IR pcliyhe~l controller 300 to try a VCR brand. The ,- hs~ Lt~ 40 tries the IR codes by ge~e~a~ g a start VCR tr~n~tion with the code. If
the VCR res~ , the correct IR code has becn found and the IR ~c~;yhc~l controller
300 is COll~ CLly co..l;~ ,d. If the FIRST bit is set, the IR pc, ;ph ,-1 controller 300 will
t~y the first model code for that brand. On sl~hse~ nt cycles, the NEXI bit will be set
high and the IR ~el ;l.h. -~1 controller 300 will try other model codes for that brand. If
this tr~n~action is sent with the RETRY bit high, the IR yeliyhe~a,l controller 300 will
all~yl to start the VCR 350 with the last model code. When the last IR code for a
particular brand has been tried, the END bit in the brand reply ! ~. ~ 1;.... will be set
high.
If the WALK bit is set high, and the FIRST bit is set high, the IR p~";l~h~
controller 300 will try the first co...l.;n;~;on of brand a~d model codes. On ~lh5e~nent
18
~yvo 94/13096 2 1 5 Q ~ 9 6 PCT/US93/11649
tries, the WALK and NEXI bits shall be sent high, c~llcin~ the IR peripheral controller
300 to try the next brand and model codes. The YCR brand i~rQ~ ;on sent in the
cf~"",~ ,A the tr~nC~tion is i~n~oFed if;the walk bit is high. When the END bit is
returned _igh, the subscriber terminal 40 will tell in-iic~tç to the sllbsrriber with an on
screen display that there are no more choices available in that brand, and then re~uest
whether the subscriber would IL~ce to try all possible choicec. .If the s~lbs~iher &~.._1~
by hi~hlighting and sclç~;.-g the yes on the screen, the subscriber te,lll,nal 40 will start
using the WAI~ bit in the tr~nC~ction to try all VCR brand and model codes.
In reply to the set up VCR Cl;l" - A .~A tr~nS~rtion~ the IR pc ;I-h- . al controller 300
will return the brand reply tr~nC~tion as set forth in Fig. 11. The brand reply
tr~nC~rtion begins with a subs- libcr terrnin~l address nibble and a brand reply cc ~ AnA
niWle. The data length in the data length field is 2 bytes and is followed by a ~I.r.. L~--...
byte. The first data byte of the brand reply tr~nC~ tion is the generic code of t_e VCR
brand which the IR peripheral controller 300 is Cl~rl~L ;~ and the second data byte is used
to ~ v;de two control bits which inAir~tç wLclhcr the battery of the controller is low and
whether the end of the model types for a particular brand has been re~ hçA
Fig. 14 illuallalCS a cl~ l map trs~n~?^tinn Le c,. the ~ ~bs~ f r te, ..-;..~1 40
and the IR p~ h~.al controller 300. The ~ cl map ~ ;o-- ic to allow the
subsr~iher t~....;..~l 40 to pass the correct ~ .rl ...,..k~"~ of the local cable system to
the IR ~ h~,~l controller 300. A local rhAI..,rl lllappi,lg is downl~?~ed into the
snhsl ;her tc ...;..~1 40 based upon the cl ~ -rl line up of the local cable system when it
is first placed in service, peri-uiir~lly, or when there is a change in such line up. The
cl-~"--çl map tr~nc~rtinn has an address nibble which inAir~tes the IR p~ hP,~
controller 300 is the Ae~ l ;nn for the h; ~ ;o-- and an iAPntifi~r nibble that inAi~tes
it is a ch~- - rl map transaction. The data length of the tr~nC~ n is 16 bytes which is
inAi~tçd in the data length field and the tr~nr ~^hon cnds with a byte of cl)r~ ~--... Byte
O of the data is the particular S~Lil~g ~h~-...rl slot which the following 15 bytes of
cll5..."rl l~ulllber data are to be loaded into. The IR l,eli~hel~l controller 300 replies
with a ~d~d reply such as that shown in Fig. 9.
In Fig. 15, the IR ~,e~ hel~l controller 300 may store a cl--....rl map in its
e~llol~/ which ~u~ çs a .. l.er of rh~nn~l slots, 1-240. Each .I.A.. rl slot is
~csor~ p~i with a partia1lar ~ ~ source such as the bro~Ac~ct ll~.h ~1~ CBS, NBC,
AE~C, and the cable nclwu~l~ TBS, USA NetwulL Cin~-m~Y and MTV. ~ her, there
wo 94/13096 Pcrluss3lll649
2~a~s6
are cl.~....r,l slots for plo~u providers in the p~eUliUlll or tiered class, such as HBO,
ESPN and ~m~'riC~n Movie Classic. This is"in'a typical CATV .-h~ ...rl line up but is
eYeTnrl~Ty only, as the ch~nnel map could have any actual CATV ch~. .rl ~CCiE71r'ri to any
~lO~ providers. From its cl-~n~rl map and knowledge of the structure of the map of
the controller, the subs~,;ker te-~al 40 downlo?ds the rh~nnel ~ Cl~ into the
c~ rl map of the IR ~ iphelal controller 300 by providing 15 ~ nnrlc llUllltel:~ per
tr~nC~ctinn- The start slot ;nrv---~l;r-n in byte 0 of the tr~nC~rtion will tell the IR
p~,l;ph~"~l controller 300 where to begin the stnr~ge. The first cl.~.. çl .. ~.her will be
stored in the identifi~od slot and the next cll~ r~ lbc.~ are then se~lllenti~lly stored
in the map. This p.,.~ib the pr~u source ;..r.~ ;on of the ~l~ event code to
be tr~ncl~ted into local .,1.~ 1 fre~,uen~y ;~r,~ ;on If the IR p~,;ph~l~l controller
300 does not have a cl~-nnel map, or the cl~ nrl map is not p,o~-....... -~l (downlo~r~ed
from the suhcrnher tc~ 1 40 or m~m~lly), then the ~Jlu~la~l~ event source data is
tr~nSl~te~i in the sll1os~iher (eu~ 40. It is evident that if the controUer 300 does not
have a cl~ cl maP thiS ~Q'`,.~;O~ it not used.
The k_..~ ;nnc b ~ the ~ ~155~ ;be tC .;~1 40 and ~ y.,, ;I.~.cl~l controller
300 are used in cQ...k;~ ;nn with.a seq~ r~ of on screen displ..~ and interactions by
the s~lbs ;her with the user interf~ce for providing the ~.. ~.. ~1 ;r rc~~ 3, o~cl~liû~
The plO~ timer fcalulcs of the subs~ly~iull t~.".;"s~l 40 are used individually and
assist in ~ JlO~ event codes for control of the IR controUer 300 and
conce~ ntly VCR 350. In general, as seen in Fig. 14A-C, the p.~ timer feature ismenu itcm S in the f.,~lulcs menu in block A10. The fcalu.cs menu i~s the main mcnu
that is dL~la~_d on screen by s~e-~ the fc~ es key 212. The s~e~ of menu item
S (by h~ g it a~d picssillg the select key 214) will cause thc ~n ~L timer screen
shown in block A12 to be .li~,k.,_d on the tcl_~;on rccc;~_r 352. The pr~ timer
screen provides a menu with Svc s~hs ;her choices. From this menu a l~lu~ timer
may be set or ch~ or a program timer cleared. ~'lA;I;~ lly, the ,~,b~ -;h~r may
wish to just review the ~Jlu~ cvents that he has ~r~ A The menu further
provides for allowing the ~ cr to enter ylog.~ cvent codes. This is the easiest
metho~:l of ~ ~Ic....~ ly rec(irdill~ a ~ ~ event with the VCR 350 and, lhe.~re, it
is placed in the first pocitinn on the yr~ timer menu.
To review a timer, the menu item 4 is chosen and thc on-_crccn display shown in
block A14 is used to provide the s~bs~ er with a det~iled listing of the yro~ which
~ wo 94l13096 i~ I 5 0 ~ 9 6 pcTluss3lll64s
have been ~o~ d into timers. After review of these yro~dlll5, the suhsrriher mayexit the menu by yrcsting the fcalurcs key 212. Alternatively, in block A16, if the
subs~;lil)er has chosen to set a timer, a similar display of those pro~ already
pro~.. e~1 in timers is provided. For setting a timer, the sl~bs~iher chooses a blank
menu item which then can be run t~ UgL a selectinn process in block A18 (Fig. 16B).
Similzrly, if a timer is to be l.zng-c~l, block A16 allows the subscriber to select which
timer to chzng-pt and then continllp~ the process of setting that timer in block A18. In
block A18, more fully e~r~n~lPd as Fig. 16B, a number of on screen di~yl~;, assist the
sllhsrriher in s~le~ g ~LclLer he would like to record a single pro~, record a
pro~ which is bro~r~ct weekly, an e~ d~ y.~J~, or a Monday tl~ougll Friday
lJro~ (Block A36). Fullhcr on screen di~yl&.~ allow selG~l;nn of the start day (Block
A38), start hour, start ...;.. ~s (Block 42), length in hours (Block A44), and length in
mimltçS (Block A46), and cl.z~...rl (Block A48).
After a new timer has either been set or cL~gcd, the subsr~-her tel.. ;..~1 40 will
check to det~.".;"r if the plO~ the sllhsrriber has scl~lcd is on a yar~ y locked
.~rl If it is, then the on-screen display in block A22 _y~a~ and the subs~iher must
enter his y~c~n~l control L~UlU~ U1 Ih-~-, if the event is a pay-per-view event, then the
s.lhsrnher is re~ eri to enter his pay-per-view access ------hr,r. The access .. l~r
entry is oyLio~al with the service provider. The pay-per-view on screen display in blk
A24 i~ rc which ~.u~ he has selected and the price for that ~.o~ event.
Further, the subsrrihp~r is remin~iP i of the start time and the . l~ cr of the
yro~alll event for which he has set a timer. Finally, a rçmin~r screen in block A26 is
yla~_d to remind the ~-~I.s~-,;b-r to set his VCR timer if the IR ~.;l~hr.~l controller
300 is not available.
~ _ly, ~ to the i~ liu~, when the ~--l.s--;~r wishes to use
pro~ event codes, he will select the first menu choice in block A12. This menu
choice will cause the sl~bs- ;l~r tc,~h.al 40 to display the screen in block A28, which
re~llestc the entry of the l~lu~alll event code. The subswi~ will en~er the ~u~
event code from the ..-~ ic keys of the remote control 126 and then press the select lcey
214 when finichPtl The subsc~iher t~-...;..~l 40 will then ~J,~atc the p;o~ event
code tr~n~on to check and ll~slate t_e ~.u~ event code. If an im~alid code is
~c~r~1cd in the reply tr~n~ctinn from the IR controller 300, the screen in block A30 is
di~l~_d to the ~- .hs. ;l .cr. The screen in block A30 in~lir~t,es that the '~u1~5. ~ cr has
21
WO 94/13096 215 3 7 9 6 PCT/US93/11649
entered an invalid ~.o~ code and can either al~CI11~ to lecl~lcr the code, by pr~ .g
the select key 244, or exit by ~rc~ing the fealul~s key 212. When the sl~bs~iher has
entered a valid code and it has been tr~ncl~tPd~ the screen in block A32 is ~L~pl~cd to
~ ic~te which lJro~alll timer the s~lbs~ riber te~ will use to time the cvent. The
inro....s.l;on rel~....rd by the IR ~eli~)he,i~l controller 300 is then ~ro~ ed into the
~ro~ tirner uced. Illrc.. aLion needed to co~ that the llr~ event codc was
the one ~ccori~ted with thc l,io~ event which the s lhsrriher wishes to record is
~C~ tiQn~lly d~la~ed. The ;--rO~ I;on inrl~lde~ the start day and time, the length of the
~r~4 and the ~h~ el which is to be tuned.
The on screen display in block A32 l,~o~ the subs~ er to eithcr press the
select key 214 if the ~iO~dl~ ;"rr~ n is i~co.... l, or to press the fc..lu~es key, 212,
if the ~ro~a,~, ;..rul.. ~;o.. is correct. If the ;i-r5~ ;on is iucolle~ then the suhs~iher
may enter ~noth~r code by looping back to block A28 and proceed as p~ ;ou~ly
dcs~.ibed for elllClill~ and h;~ ~cl~ g the code. If t_e p~c.~ event code is correc~
then a press of the fea~ s key 212 will h~r~ r t_e t~ Al down to block A22 wherethe s~l3sc.;he. IC --;--A1 dct<~ ;nr~ wl~lLer the cl~A----rl to which it is to be tuned is
~e.,lally locked. The ~rocejs ~o~ Ps as previously ~ ;hed for blocks A24 and
A26.
When one of the pro~ timers elapses and in~1i~tes that a ~.u~ event
should be reco.ded, the s~ s~ C ~ t~ . ;- Al 40 uses the VCR. control ! ~ ;nn to turn
the VCR 350 on and off at the right times and to tune the correct cl ~-n~l for the output
~om the ~-~hs~ l,.,r tC~ Al In ~ iffon, the correct cl~n~cl of the cable systcm is
cimnltAn~o~ y tuned by the sul s~ . ;hrr tC ~ 1 40. ThcreÇore, an a~-~u~ o~ m~'thO~
of ;~ lly recold~ a ~o~ e~ent using an a~ ;"-1..~1;,~ the svb~
te. 1~ Al 40, the VCR 3S0, the lcle~isiu~l rece.~_r 352, and the ~ controller 300 has been
tlicrl~cP~ and ~ ~--- ;I,e~l The s~bs~ c. t~ AI 40 allows a single on-screen display
which ~ the use of one user interface for the ~ s~ - ;b.,r and, at most, the set~ng
of one pru~ timer. The ~lO~ ~ner is easily used with ~lûl~l~Jb ~ùu~ on-scrccn
d~pla~ which in a step by step ..~ r lead the slll-s~ Pr lLuu~ the process.
,~1L~ 1Y, an on screen ~ ed process for e~ B a p~u~ event code can be
used to ~ ;~lly l)n,~ thc timers and initiate the l,ioce~ from the simple en~y
of a ~ r of digits which are ~ tÇd with the ~o~;.~ cven~
æ
WO 94/13096 215 0 ~ 9 ~ PCT/US93/11649
The on screen display operation to allow the subscriber ~ 40 to set up the
IR p~ ,helal control for a particular brand of VCR will now be more fully explained
with rcfercll~ to Fig. 16D. The set up operation for the subscriber t~ ;nal 40 is also
entered through the fc~lulcs menu display in block A10 (Fig. 16A). One of the menu
items on the fe~ cs menu is to provide for the subsrnher tC~ l set up. The choice
of sYbs~ .er tc~ al set up causes the subscriber tC.Il~i~ 40 to display the screen
shown in block A52 where VCR control may be selecteA
The choice of VCR control causes the s~lbs - ;her te....;..~l to display the screen
shown in block A54 where two menu choices are provided. The s~lhs~ ~iher may either
set up the VCR control or he may test the VCR control. If the ~ubs~ ;b~,r l~5~5 the
test option, the plo~5l~ will choose a path to the on screen display illuslra~cd in block
A56. The s~bs~ r is pro~ t~,~ to insert a blank lcco~ , tape in the VCR 350 and
to turn the device off. After this is ~c- -l-~ PA. he is instructed to press the select key
214 to be~n the test. The selcct key 214 ;.. ~ tcs that the test should begin and causes
a VCR control 1~ ;nn to turn the VCR 350 on for a timed period of 10 srco..A~ and
then send a stop VCR cc. ..~..A~A The s~lbs~ ;I.C1 is IJroll.plcd to dc,te ~.;..e ~L~,Ihe. the
test has been cl-~ccfill by a ~. r~g~ which inAi~tes if the VCR did not turn on and
record the ~ gc on the screen, then an error has oc.;ull~,d. The ...~ ge furtheradvises that the S~lb5 ;hc~ should consult a source Of r~ such as the VCR control
mAmlsll
~ on the other hand, the s ~bs~ wants to begin the VCR ~rX,~aliun path,
the ylU~l~lll in block A54 will ~ r- control to block A58 wherc the ~bs~ ;hfr iS~rolllylcd to enter a 2 digit code .eplwe ~ of the VCR350 that hc 1~~ c~;~c If the
~--h~5- ;her does not know the code for hls VCR, he then may enter 00 a~d the s~b5~-~ ;h.,
te,- -;--~l 40 will hunt for the correct code. After the two digit .. ~...l~,r is C~lh~.fd~ the
s.~hs ~ r ~ n'A~l will display the next screen in block A60. The ~ t~...;..~l
40 will also send the set up VCR~ r~ - to the IR controller 300 to l-A--~rl the
brand code itl~nti~;~d by the subs-,l;l,er. If the slll-~- ;k~,l has ..~t...ed the digits 00, then
the hA~ will CO~ the IRy~,-iyhel~l controller 300 wallc IL~uu~L cach brand
and modeL be~ with the first brand and model.
The si~b5.~ f,r iS then y~ol~ cd to turn his VCRoff and to press the select key
214 to begin the set up yioce~ Next, in block A62, an on screen display ;~ f s to
the S~ S~- ;ke, that the s~ s ;hcr 40 le . ~ l has tried to turn on the VCR 350 with the
WO 94/13096 215 ~ 7 ~ G PCT/US93/11649 ~
IRE codes ~Ccoci~te~ d with the brand and model. It then asks whether or not the VCR
did indeed turn on and tune to the correct channel. If the subscriber al~..c.~ ~c~,ali~.cly,
by hi~hlighting and selr~ g no, a set up VCR tr~nC~cfion co.. ;~ l;ng the IR ~ he~al
controller 300 will be ~ ed to try the next model code in the list and then returns
to ask the same ql~esfion If, when the correct model for the brand is found, theselecfion of yes by the subscriber will bring the program back to the VCR control screen
in block A54 where he may exit. In this m~nnPr an ~ltoln~t;c set up for any brand of
VCR may be ~ c,~ lished easily and with the ~c~ ce of an on screen display.
While there has been shown and described the l~icrcllcd embo~ of the
inventionc, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that various mo~lifir~tionc may be
made thereto without de~ g from the spirit and scope of the i~ lion as set forthin the ~Mçnded claims.
24
