Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
2151426
Mo4077
MD-90-80-AC
STABLE GLYCOL AND/OR WATER-BASED
FORMULATIONS WHICH ARE COMPATIBLE WITH
COTTONSEED OIL FOR PROTECTING COTTON AGAINST PESTS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to stable glycol and/or water-based
formulations which are compatible with cottonseed oil (CSO) when mixed
in cottonseed oil. These forrnulations are useful for protecting cotton
against pests.
Such formulations are made by dispersing an active ingredient in
one or more solvents. The formulation may then be tank mixed and
applied to crops. The term "tank mixed" means blending (or diluting) the
pesticide in a liquid diluent or solvent in a tank which may be mounted on
a tractor or aircrarl designed for that purpose. The pesticide is then
sprayed through nozles onto the foliage. Liquid diluents or solvents
useful in tank mixing include glycols and water.
One of the problems encountered with the known liquid pesticide
formulations is compatibility. Compatibility is a particular concern where
one of the materials to be mixed in the tank is an oil such as cottonseed
oil. Cottonseed oil is used in the southern region of the United States
instead of water because it reduces drift, it does not evaporate as quickly
as water and it does not drain off the foliage as rapidly as water. Shortly
after the formulation is dispersed (e.g., is tank mixed), it tends to
separate into distinct phases. It is, therefore, necessary to maintain the
dispersion under constant agitation or to redisperse the formulation very
shortly before use in order to ensure that the active ingredient is
uniformly dispersed. Lack of uniformity will result in uneven application
of the active ingredient and inconsistent levels of protection.
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Neither the constant agitation nor redispersion within a few
minutes of use, is desirable from a practical point of view. Constant
agitation requires the use of expensive equipment in the field.
Redispersion within a few minutes of use results in interruption of the
5 treatment process, particularly in inclement weather.
It would, therefore, be advantageous to have a glycol and/or
water-based formulation which could be mixed in cottonseed oil without
settling out or showing signs of phase separation and which did not
require constant agitation or redispersion within a few minutes of use.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a glycol and/or
water-based stable composition which is compatible with cottonseed oil
when mixed (e.g., tank mixed) which is useful for treating cotton plants.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a stable
15 glycol and/or water-based composition which is compatible with a
cottonseed oil mixture that is useful for protecting cotton plants against
pests.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a liquid
composition for protecting cotton plants against pests which does not
20 require agitation or redispersion of the active ingredient within a few
minutes of use.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a process
for treating cotton plants in which a glycol and/or water-based
compatible, stable composition which is tank mixed in cottonseed oil is
25 used.
These and other objects which will be apparent to those skilled in
the art are accomplished by combining an active ingredient which is
effective against the target pest, a glycol and/or water, cottonseed oil and
lecithin. In one embodiment of the invention, the active ingredient, glycol
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and/or water and lecithin are first combined and then added to the
cottonseed oil, preferably as a tank mix. In this embodiment, the lecithin
is generally used in an amount of from about 1 to about 3%, based on
the weight of the active ingredient. In another embodiment of the
5 invention, the lecithin and cottonseed oil are combined. A mixture of the
active ingredient and glycol and/or water is then added to the
lecithin/cottonseed oil. In this embodiment, the ledthin is generally used
in an amount of from about 4 to about 6 fluid ounces for every three
gallons of cottonseed oil, based on volume. These formulations may
10 then be applied to the plants to be treated by, for example, spraying.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention relates to glycol and/or water-based stable
pesticidal solutions which are compatible with cottonseed oil and are
particularly useful in treating plants such as cotton. A key feature of the
15 present invention is the use of lecithin as a compatibilizer in glycol and/or water-based pesticidal formulations (in-can) or as a tank mix additive
when cottonseed oil is used. If the lecithin is omitted, incompatibility and
phase separation occur when a glycol and/or water-based formulation is
added to the cottonseed oil or mix (e.g., tank mix) containing cottonseed
20 oil. This incompatibility and phase separation could result in uneven
application of the active ingredient and inconsistent levels of protection.
Ledthin in any of its commercially available forms may be used in
the formulations or tank mixes of the present invention. Lecithin is
generally included in the pesticide formulation in an amount of at least
25 0.5% by weight, preferably from about 1% to about 3% by weight, based
on the total weight of the formulation.
Any material or active ingredient which is effective against the
target pest and which is dispersible in water and/or glycol may be used
in the formulations of the present invention. Examples of a suitable
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active ingredient include: sulproros; cyfluthrin; S,S,S-tributyltrithio-
phosphate; metribuzin; and azinphos-methyl.
The amount of active ingredient included in the formulation will, of
course, be dependent upon the particular active ingredient. The
5 concentrations at which a particular active ingredient is effective are
known and generally disclosed in the label for that product. Generally,
the active ingredient is used in an amount sufficient to produce a
formulation having a concentration of active ingredient of at least one
pound of active ingredient for each gallon of formulation (0.45 kilograms),
10 preferably from about two pounds of active ingredient per gallon of
formulation to about 6 pounds of active ingredient per gallon of
formulation (about 0.9 kilograms to about 2.7 kilograms), most preferably
about eight pounds of active ingredient per gallon of formulation (3.6
kilograms).
Any glycol which will disperse the active ingredient may be used
as the solvent or dispersant in the formulations of the present invention.
Examples of suitable glycols include: propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol,
ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol. Propylene glycol is preferred.
If a glycol is used as the only solvent, it is generally used in an
20 amount of at least 5% by weight, preferably from about 10% to about
60% by weight, based on the total weight of the formulation.
Water may also be used as a solvent for the active ingredient. If
water is the only solvent used, it is generally used in an amount of at
least 5% by weight, preferably from about 10% to about 60% by weight,
25 based on the total weight of the formulation.
If water and a glycol are both used as solvents for the active
ingredient, the water is generally used in an amount of from about 5% to
about 30% by weight, based on the total weight and the glycol is used in
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an amount of from about 5% to about 30% by weight, based on the total
weight.
Cottonseed oil in any of its commercialiy available forms may be
used in the formulations of the present invention. Cottonseed oil is
5 generally included in the tank mix in an amount of at least one gallon per
acre (3.8 liters), preferably from about three gallons to about five gallons
per acre (11.4 to 19 liters).
Other additives which may optionally be included in the
formulations of the present invention include: deodorants, adjuvants,
10 fertilizers, and other pesticides. These additives, if included, are
generally used in an amount within the ranges recommended by the
manufacturer.
The materials used to produce tank mixes in accordance with the
present invention may be combined in any manner which results in a
15 homogeneous dispersion. It is preferred, however, that the active
ingredient be dispersed in the glycol and/or water prior to the addition of
the lecithin and cottonseed oil.
The tank mixes of the present invention may then be applied
directly to the plants to be treated, e.g., by spraying or they may be
20 further diluted to the desired strength prior to application. Any of the
known techniques for applying liquid pesticide formulations may be used
to apply the formulations of the present invention. The amount of
formulation used will generally range from about one pint per acre to
about one gallon per acre (0.5 to 3.8 liters), although any amount which
25 will be effective in controlling the target insect is suitable.
Having thus desuibed our invention, the following examples are
given as being illustrative thereof. All parts and percentages given in
these examples are parts by weight and percentages by weight, unless
otherwise indicated.
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EXAMPLES
EXAMPLE 1:
711.76 grams of metribuzin were dissolved in 5455.01 grams of
S,S,S-tributyltrithiophosphate. 238.57 grams of a phosphate ester into
5 which commercially availa~le phosphate ester, 79.23 grams of methyl
salicylate and 1465.43 grams of propylene glycol were then added. The
resultant mixture was then blended until a homogeneous mixture was
obtained. To this mixture was then added unbleached soybean lecithin,
water, cottonseed oil (CSO), soybean oil (SBO) and/or Val oil (VLO [a
10 cottonseed oil containing 7% emulsifier]) in the amount indicated in
Table 1. In each of the samples described in Table 1, 1 pint of the
pesticide mixture was mixed with 3 gallons of CSO, SBO, VLO or water
(as indicated in Table 1) and the specified amount of lecithin were
combined, blended and evaluated at 1, 2 and 24 hours for compatibility,
15 phase separation and/or creaming at room temperature. The results of
this evaluation are reported in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Sample A B C D E F
Pesticide
Mixture 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt.
Lecithin -- 4 ozs. 1% 1% -- --
CSO 3 gal. 3 gal. 3 gal. -- -- --
Water -- -- -- 3 gal. --
SBO -- -- -- -- 3 gal. --
VLO -- -- -- -- 3 gal.
Phase seParation
1 hour incompatible no no no no no
2 hours incompatible no no no slight slight
24 hours incompatible no no no slight slight
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EXAMPLE 2:
5.63 grams of cyfluthrin were heated to 80C and then added to
2777.88 grams of sulprofos. This mixture was then stirred until all of the
cyfluthrin had dissolved. A 2% solution of xanthan gum was made and
5 added with agitation to a mixture of 16.02 grams of a commercially
available nonyl phenol, 1.98 grams of a commercially available
bactericide, 13.99 grams of propylene glycol and 82.5 grams of distilled
water until a homogeneous mixture was obtained.
One pint of this homogeneous mixture was then combined with 3
10 gallons of CSO, Water, SBO or VLO and the indicated amount of lecithin,
blended and evaluated at 1, 2 and 24 hours for compatibility, phase
separation and/or creaming at room temperature. The amounts of
material used and the results of the evaluation are reported in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Sample A B C D E F G
Am't
Pesticide 1 pt. 1 pt. 1pt. 1pt. 1 pt. 1 pt.1 pt.
Mixture
Lecithin -- 4 oz. 1% -- 1% -- --
CSO 3 gal. 3gal. 3 gal. -- -- --
Water - -- -- 3 gal. 3 gal. -- --
SBO -- -- -- -- -- 3 gal. --
VLO -- -- -- -- 3 gal.
Phase SeParation
1 hour no no no no no nc~ no
2 hours 2mm trace no 2mm2 2mm2 nc~ no
24 hours no gel no -- -- nc~ 6mm3
~ Not compatible
2 2 mm-cream
30 3 6 mm-bottom separation
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EXAMPLE 3:
5781.0 grams of S,S,S-tributyltrithiophosphate were combined with
238.5 grams of a commercially available phosphate ester, 63.5 grams of
methyl salicylate and 1867.0 grams of propylene glycol and mixed until
5 uniform. Lecithin, CSO, Water, SBO and/or VLO were then added to 1
pint of this pesticide mixture in the amount(s) indicated in Table 3. The
resulting mixture was then blended to form a homogeneous mixture. The
homogeneous mixture was then evaluated for compatibility, phase
separation and/or creaming at room temperature. The results of this
10 evaluation are reported in Table 3.
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g
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EXAMPLE 4:
263.3 grams of azinphos-methyl, 40.0 grams of the sodium
lignosulfonate, 5.6 grams of disodium phosphate, 117.6 grams of the
xanthan gum, 120 grams of glycerin and 251.1 grams of distilled water
5 were combined and mixed to form a homogeneous insecticide mixture.
Lecithin, CS0, Water, SBO and/or VL0 were then added to 1 pint
samples of this pesticide mixture in the amounts indicated in Table 4 and
mixed to form a homogeneous mixture. This homogeneous mixture was
then evaluated for compatibility, phase separation and/or creaming at
10 room temperature. The results of this evaluation are reported in Table 4.
TABLE 4
Sample A B C D E F
Pesticide
Mixture 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt.
Lecithin -- 4 oz. 1% -- -- --
CS0 3 gal. 3 gal. - -- --
Water - -- --3 gal. -- --
SB0 -- -- --3 gal. -
VL0 -- -- -- -- -- 3 gal.
Phase seParation
1 hour nc~ nc~ nc4 no nc~ no
2 hours nc~ nc~ nc4 no nc~ no
24 hours nc~ nc~ nc4 2mm3 nc~ no
~ Not compatible
3 Bottom separation
4 Thick in sandmill
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EXAMPLE 5:
169 grams of azinphos-methyl, 23 grams of the hydrated silica, 4.5
grams of amorphous silica, 9.0 grams of the sodium lignosulfonate, 1.0
gram of the sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, 9.0 grams of
5 Barden clay and 284.5 grams of propylene glycol were combined and
mixed to form a homogeneous mixture. Lecithin, CS0, water, SBO
and/or VL0 were then added in the amounts indicated in Table 5 and the
resultant mixture was stirred until a homogeneous mixture was obtained.
The resultant mixture was then evaluated for compatibility, phase
10 separation and/or creaming at room temperature. The results of this
evaluation are reported in Table 5.
TABLE 5
Sample A B C D E F
Pesticide
Mixture 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt. 1 pt.
Lecithin -- 4 oz. 1% 1% -- --
CS0 3 gal. 3 gal. 3 gal. -- --
Water -- -- -- 3 gal. -- --
SB0 -- -- -- -- 3 gal. --
VL0 -- -- -- -- 3 gal.
Phase seParation
1 hour nc~ no no no no no
2 hours nc~ no no 2mm3 no no
24 hours nc~ no no 2mm3 no no
~ Not compatible
3 Bottom separation
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Although the invention has been described in detail in the
foregoing for the purpose of illustration, it is to be understood that such
detail is solely for that purpose and that variations can be made therein
by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of
5 the invention except as it may be limited by the claims.
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