Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
WO 9~/17880 217 ~ ~ 7 8 PCTIUS94/14289
HIGH LATHERING AND HIGH DEPOSITING SHAMPOOS
WITH MILD SURFACTANT SYSTEM
Technical Field
The present invention relates to shampoo cu,,,~uosi~iulls COIIIdill;ll9
functional materials such as cun~itiùr,i, ,~ agents, styling agents or
antidandrurf agents. In particular, the present invention relates to mild
shampoo cu,,,~,u~i~iu,,~ that are high lathering and provide high deposition
of functional materials.
B~.h-,-uu.~d of the Invention
Acceptable shampoo cu",,uosi~iu,~s should cleanse the hair and
scalp and be safe to the user. However, preferred alldlll~Joos will provide
more benefits than simple Cledll'-~eaa and safety. For example, it is
desirable to use a mild surfactant system in ~1 Idl I I~JUOS SO that the
alldll",oos are non-irritating and gentle to the scalp.
It is also desirable to i~UU~UI ' various functional materials in
alld""uoes to provide benefits in addition to cleansing. Examples of such
functional materials include ,u, ,dit,u, ,;"~ agents, styling agents,
antidandmff agents, and the like. Preferred Slldlll~JUUS will provide high
d~Oa;liu,, of the functional materials on the hair and scalp, so that the
materials can provide their intended benefits. For instance, co,~iliu,,i,,y
agents should be efficiently deposited on the hair during use of the
shampoo, so that the agents are not rinsed away and can provide good
w,,d,~;ol,;,,~ benefits. Similarly, antidandrurf agents should be efficiently
deposited on the scalp to provide good antidandn~rf p~, ru""anc~.
Another important pdldlll_~U. in the formulation of alld"l~uoos is
lathering. TKe consuming public often _ ' ~ high lathering with
fective deaning, and typically prefers high lathering :,lldlllyUOS to low
lathering al ~d""~UUS from an aesthetic ald"dl,u;"L.
Typical mild shampoû formulations utilize high levels of nonionic,
cationic and dll~pl ~ ' iu surfactants in the presence of anionic surfactants
to obtain good mildness ~.lldld~ rial;~,a. However, the lather volumes of
these fomlulations tend to be a~ Ic:dd~ly lower than regular anionic
surfactant-based shampoo fommulations.
The advantage of the present invention is the discovery that
Slldlll~JUOS ,o"h;.,;"g a particular surfactant system not only provide
desirable mildness, but also provide the benefits of high lathering and
_ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _
WO 9~/17880 PCT/I~S94/14289
217~278
-2 -
high depoaiLiu,~ of functional materials. The surfactant system is a
Col ~ dliol1 of certain anionic surfactants and polyhydroxy fatty acid
amide surfactants in particular amounts and ratios. This invention is
described in further detail hereinbelow.
Unless otherwise indicated, all pe, u~"Lay~s and ratios are
calculated on a weight basis. Unless otherwise indicated, i"u,~ "l~ are
based on the active level and, therefore do not include carriers or by-
products that may be included in uu"""t:,uia~ available materials.
Summarv of the Invention
The present invention provides a mild, high lathering shampoo
cu",,.,c.siliù,l with high depûsi~iu" of functional materials, the shampoo
,UI I It~05i li 01l Ccll) I,UI i 5 il 1_ .
(a) from about 5% to about 4û%, by weight, surfactant system
COII~uliaill~. (i) from 8û% to about 99%, by weight of the
surfactant system, anionic surfactants which are alkyl
~l lo,~yldlc:d sulfates and alkyl sulfates in a ratio between
about1:1and1:û;and(ii)fromabout1%to2û%,byweightof
the surfactant system, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide
surfactants;
(b) from about û.05% to about 25%, by weight, functional
materials; and
(c) from about 35% to about 95%, by weight, water.
The shampoo uulll~uaiLiùll~ of this invention advantageously provide the
desirable cu"lL;,Idliu" of mildness, high lathering, and high dep~ai~iu" of
functional materials such as cu, ,ui~iu"i"y agents, styling agents or
antidandruff agents.
Detailed D~ of the Invention
Surfactant Svstem
The shampoo c~lllu~ailiOI1s of the present invention contain a
particular surfactant system that has been found to exhibit a desirable
C~ illdliu11 of benefits: mildness to the scalp, high lathering, and high
depcsiliull of functional materials such as uul~di~iurlil,y agents, styling
agents, antidandn~ff agents and the like. The a~ldlllU005 contain from
about 5% to about 40% by weight surfactant system, preferably from
about 7% to about 35% by weight, and more preferabiy from about 12% to
about 2û% by weight. The surfactant system uullll~liae:5. (i) from 8û% to
about 99%, by weight of the surfactant system, anionic surfactants which
. ,, _, , ,,, ,, _,,, _ _,,
WO 9S/17880 ~ 1 7 9 2 7 g PCTIU594/14289
-3 -
ar~ ~Ikyl ethoxylated sulfates and alkyl suifates in a ratio between about
1:1 and 1:0; and (ii) from about 1% to 20%, by weight of the surfactant
system, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants.
Alkvl Ctl~O~ lalt:d Sulfate and Alkvl Sulfate Surfactants
As ",t"~iu"ed above, the surfactant system of the present
shampoo ..ulll,uosiLiol~s comprises from 80% to about 99% by weight of
the surfactant system, preferably from about 85% to about 95% by weight,
anionic surfactants v~hich are alkyl ethoxylated sulfates ("AES") and alkyl
sulfates ("AS") in a ratio between about 1:1 and 1:0. The ratio of AES to
AS is at least about 1:1, and the anionic surfactants can also be 100%
AES and no AS (ratio of 1:0). The preferred AES:AS ratio is between
about 1:1 and about 10:1, more preferably between about 2:1 and about
10:1, and most preferably between about 2:1 and about 6:1.
Alkyl ethoxylated sulfates and alkyl sulfates have the respective
formulae (I) RO(C2H4O)XSO3M and (Il) ROSO3M, wherein R is alkyl or
alkenyl of from about 9 to about 18 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 12, and M is H
or a soluble salt-forming cation such as ammonium, lh ,old",i"e such as
lli~Llldlloldlllille, monovalent metals such as sodium and potassium, or
polyvalent metal cations such as magnesium and calcium. The cation M
of the anionic surfactant should be chosen such that the anionic
surfactant is water soluble. Solubility will depend upon the particular
mixture of anionic surfactants and cations chosen. As an aid to
d~.tU.lllillill~ dlJtJlU~JI- ' mixtures of anionic surfactants and cations, the
anionic surfactants should be chosen such that the Kram temperature of
the surfactants is about 15C or less, preferably about 10C or less, more
preferably about 0C or less. It is also preferred that the anionic
surfactants be soluble in the present shampoo ~.OIII,UU~i~iU115. Preferred
cations for use in this invention are ammonium, sodium and/or
magnesium.
The alkyl ull lùxyll.t~d sulfates are typically made as cu, Id~ dliol~
products of ethylene oxide and monohydric alcohols having from about 9
to about 18 carbon atoms. The alcohols can be derived from fats, e.g.,
coconut oil, palm kemel oil, or tallow, or can be synthetic. Such alcohols
are preferably reacted with about 1 to about 10, more preferably from
about 1 to about 4, most preferably from about 2 to about 3.5, molar
p, u~u, Liulls of ethylene oxide and the resulting mixture of molecular
WO 95/17880 2 ~ ~ ~ 2 ~ 8 PCT/US94/14289
species having, for example, an average of 3 moles of ethylene oxide per
mole of alcohol, is suifated and neutralized.
Suitable alkyl ethoxylated sulfates include, among others, sodium
and ammonium salts of coconut alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate,
tallow alkyl triethylene glycol ether sulfate, tallow alkyl hr,~ux~ethylene
sulfate, and lauryl triethylene glycol ether sulfate. Preferred alkyl
u;; Iu,~yl~-^d sulfates are sodium and ammonium salts of lauryl triethylene
glycol ether sulfate, also known as "sodium" and "ammonium laureth-3
sulfate" or "sodium" and "ammonium lauryl (EO)3 sulfate".
The alkyl sulfates are typically made by sulfating and neutralizing
long chain alcohols. The alcohols can be derived from natural sources or
can be synthetic alcohols. A variety of suitable ~,UIIIIII~I~.idl p,ow~ses for
manufacturing alkyl sulfates are well known to persons skilled in the field
of surfactants.
Suitable alkyl sulfates include, among others, sodium and
ammonium salts of lauryl sulfate, coconut alkyl sulfate, and tallow alkyl
sulfate. Preferred for use in the present invention are sodium and
ammonium salts of lauryl sulfate.
r~lvh~d~"../ Fattv Acid Amide Surfactant
The surfactant system of the present shampoo c~ ,o~ s also
comprises from about 1% to 20%, by weight of the surfactant system,
preferably from about 5% to about 15% by weight, polyhydroxy fatty acid
amide surfactants. It has been found that the amounts specified herein
for the anionic surfactants and polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants
will provide ,lldlllpoos that are mild, but that still provide high lathering
and high d~ ailiOI~ of functional materials.
The polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactant comprises compounds
of the structural formula:
O R1
Il I
R2 C N Z
wherein: R1 j5 H, C1 - C4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl,
or a mixture thereof, preferably C1 - C4 alkyl, more preferably C1 alkyl
(i.e., methyl); and R2 j5 a Cs - C31 hydrocarbyl moiety, preferably straight
chain C7 - C1g alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably straight chain Cg - C17
alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably straight chain C11 - C16 alkyl or alkenyl,
or mixture thereof; and Z is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a
_ .. . . . .. .. . ... .... .. ..... ... ........... .. ...... . ... . . . ... ... _ . _
-
WO 95/17880 ' i PCTIUS94/14289
--5-
linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly co""eclt:d to the
chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or
propoxylated) thereof. Z preferably will be derived from a reducing sugar
in a reductive amination reaction; more preferably Z is a glycityl moiety.
Suitable reducing sugars include glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose,
galactose, mannose, and xylose. As raw materials, high dextrose corn
syrup, high fructose corn syrup, and high maltose corn syrup can be
utilized as well as the individual sugars listed above. These corn syrups
may yield a mix of sugar c~""~.o"~"~ for Z. It should be u~ ,luo~ that
it is by no means intended to exclude other suitable raw materials. Z
preferably will be selected from the group consisting of -CH2-(CHOH)n-
CH2OH, -CH(CH2OH)-(CHOH)n 1-CH2OH, and -CH2-
(CHOH)2(CHOR')(CHOH)-CH2OH, where n is an integer from 3 to 5,
inclusive, and R' is H or a cyclic or aliphatic Illonosdc-,lldlide, and
. lh ylatcd derivatives thereof. Most preferred are glycityls wherein n is
4, particularly-CH2-(CHOH)4-CH2OH. R1 can be, for example, N-
methyl, N-ethyl, N-propyl, N-isopropyl, N-butyl, N-2-hydroxy ethyl, or N-2-
hydroxy propyl. R2-CO-N' can be, for example, cocamide, sl~dlcl",ide,
oleamide, lauramide, myristamide, Cd~Jl icd",ide, pdll"ik""ide or
"ide. Z can be, for example, 1-deoxyglucityl, 2-deoxyfructityl, 1-
.I~O~llldllilyl, 1-deoxylactityl, 1-deoxygalactityl, 1-deoxy~"dl",ilyl or 1-
deox~" ,~IIJt, iulilyl.
Methods for making polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known in the
art. In general, they can be made by reacting an alkyl amine with a
reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction to form a cu~ ,u"~;"g
N-alkyl polyhydroxyamine, and then reacting the N-alkyl
polyhydroxyamine with a fatty aliphatic ester or triglyceride in a
,ull~lladIiull/dllliddliùl~ step to fomm the N-alkyl, N-polyhydroxy fatty acid
product. Flu-,esses from making uo,~,~,o~iIiu,,s c~lllclillil,,u, polyhydroxy
fatty acid amides are disclosed, for example, in G.B. Patent Speuiriud~iu,~
809,060, published February 18, 1959, by Thomas Hedley & Co., Ltd.,
U.S. Patent 2,965,576, issued December 20, 1960 to E. R. Wilson, and
U.S. Patent 2,703,798, Anthony M. Schwartz, issued December 25, 1934
to Piggott, each of which is i, ,cu, ~r, ' herein by reference.
In one process for producing N-alkyl or N-hydroxyalkyl, N-
deoxyglycityl fatty acid amides wherein the glycityl c~ u,l~lI is derived
from glucose and the N-alkyl or N-hydroxyalkyl functionality is N-methyl,
.. ... .......
WO 95/17880 2 i~ 3 2 7 8 PCTIUS94/14289
.. . --
, . .
--6 -
N-ethyl, N-propyl, N-butyl, N-hydroxyethyl, or N-hydroxypropyl, the
product is made by reacting N-alkyl- or N-hydroxyalkyl-glucamine with a
fatty ester selected from fatty methyl esters, fatty ethyl esters, and fatty
triglycerides in the presence of a catalyst seiected from the group
consisting of trilithium ,ul lo~ trisodium pl~oa~ d~e~l tripotassium
pllospl, ~ !, tetrasodium pylu,ullo~Jlld~t:, p~ vl~4illm
Ll i~ol~,l IOa,ul Id~ , lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium
hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate,
potassium carbonate, disodium tartrate, ,~irr~tAccil Im tartrate, sodium
potassium tartrate, trisodium citrate, tripotassium citrate, sodium basic
silicates, potassium basic silicates, sodium basic alu",i" " ' ~, and
potassium basic al~",;,lr ' , and mixtures thereof. The amount of
catalyst is preferably from about û.5 mole % to about 5û mole %, more
preferablyfrom about 2.0 mole % to about 10 mole %, on an N-alkyl or N-
hydroxyalkyl-glucamine molar basis. The reaction is preferabiy carried
out at from about 138C to about 170C for typically from about 20 to
about 90 minutes. When triglycerides are utilized in the reaction mixture
as the fatty ester source, the reaction is also preferably carried out using
from about 1 to about 10 weight % of a phase transfer agent, calculated
on a weight percent basis of total reaction mixture, selected from
saturated fatty alcohol polyethoxylates, alkylopoly~l~ Irnsicles, linear
glucamide surfactant, and mixtures thereof.
Preferably, this process is carried out as follows:
(a) ~u, t:hedli"y the fatty ester to about 1 38C to about 1 70C;
(b) adding the N-alkyl or N-hydroxyalkyl glucamine to the
heated fatty acid ester and mixing to the extent needed to
form a two-phase iiquid/liquid mixture;
(c) mixing the catalyst into the reaction mixture; and
(d) stirring for the specified reaction time.
Also preferably, from about 2% to about 20% of p~rulllled linear
N-alkyl or N-hydroxyalkyl, N-linear glucosyl fatty acid amide product is
added to the reaction mixture, by weight of the reactants, as the phase
transfer agent if the fatty ester is a triglyceride. This seeds the reaction,
thereby i"..,t:dai"~ reaction rate.
The polyhydroxy "fatty acid" amide materials used herein also offer
the sdvantages to the shampoo formulator that they can be prepared
.. _ _ _ .. _ _ . .... _ . _ . .. _ .. _ _ .. _ _ _ . _ _ _ . _ _
WO gS/17880 PCT/US9411 1289
~ 92~
--7--
whollyorprimarilyfromnatural renewable nu,I~ uul,t:",ical r~e~ . .cks
and are ~ , dddble. They also exhibit low toxicity to aquatic life.
It should be ,~uuu"i~ed that along with the polyhydroxy fatty acid
amides the ~uuesses used to produce them will also typically produce
quantities of nonvolatile by-product such as e:,Le,d",ides and cyc!ic
polyhydroxy fatty acid amide. The level of these by-products will vary
d~pe:l "~i"g upon the particular reactants and process conditions.
Preferablyl the polyhydroxy fatty acid amide i"~ o, uu, d~t~d into the
shampoo c~llluosiliù,)s herein will be provided in a fomm such that the
polyhydroxy fatty acid amide contains less than about 1û% preferably
less than about 4%1 of cyclic polyhydroxy fatty acid amide. The preferred
u,uuesses described above are advantageous in that they can yield
rather ~ow ievels of by-products including such cyclic amide by-product.
Optional Surfactants
Besides the above-",~"~iuned surfactants which make up the
"surfactant system" of the present shampoo cu",~ iunsl the ~ 0005
can also contain up to about 20% optional surfactants known to persons
skilled in the art for use in shampoosl for example other anionicsl
nonionicsl cationics ;L~ liul~iC~ andlor dlll,ul~u~t:rics. Preferably the
:~lldlll~JU05 contain not more than about 15%1 and most preferably not
more than about 10% optional surfactants. A detailed des..,iu~iù,~ of
various surfactants suitable for use in 511dlll~J005 is disclosed in U.S.
Patent 511201532 to Wells et al.l issued June 91 19921 at column 61 line 35
to column 141 line 17 (i,,. u,uu, ~ by reference herein). (As disclosed in
the Wells et al. patentl certain cationic surfactants also act as
cor,di;iu"i"g agents; in such casel they are included in the present
invention in the range of ''~r,~i~iùr,i,,g agents" discussed below instead of
"optional surfactants".)
Cu~.~;Lùl, ~ Aqents
As discussed above the present shampoo cu,,,uosi~iu,,~ contain
from about 0.05% to about 25% by weight functional materialsl preferably
from about û.1% to about 10% by weight.
The functional materials can include one or more uun~ iùr~
agents known to persons skilled in the art. Such cu, Idiliùl ,;"9 agents are
preferably used at levels between about û.û5% and about 8% by weight
of the shampoo u u",l,usi~iul,sl more preferably between about 0.2% and
about 5% by weightl and most preferably between about 0.2% and about
WO 95/17880 21 7 ~ 2 7 8 PCT/US94~14Z89
-8-
4% by weight. Preferred cc.,n~i~iu"i"u agents include cationic materials
(cationic surfactants and cationic polymers), hy~l ucal l,u,, oils, and
blends of silicone oil and silicone gum.
Preferred cationic surfactants for use as c~ iliul ,i"g agents in the
present invention are quatemary ammonium or amino compounds having
at least one N-radical w, I~dil ,;"9 one or more nonionic hydrophilic
moieties selected from alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, -'h~kllllido, hydroxyalkyl,
and alkylester moieties, and ~IllLi,ldLiull~ thereoF. The surfactant
contains at least one hydrophilic moiety within 4 (inclusive), preferably
within 3 (inclusive), carbon atoms of the quaternary nitrogen or cationic
amino nitrogen. For purposes herein, this means that the closest non-
carbon atom in the hydrophilic moiety to the cationic nitrogen must be
within the stated number of carbon atoms relative to said nitrogen.
Additionally, carbon atoms that are part of a hydrophilic moiety, e.g.,
carbon atoms in a II~Jluull' - polyoxyalkylene (e.g., -CH2-CH2-0-), that
are adjacent to other hydrophilic moieties are not wunted as when
d~,~u,lllillill9 the number of hydrophilic moieties within 4, or preferably 3,
carbon atoms of the cationic nitrogen. in general, the alkyl portion of any
hydrophilic moiety is preferably a C1-C3 alkyl. Suitable hydrophile-
w"~i"i~ lg rddicals include, for example, ethoxy, propoxy,
polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, ethylamido, propylamido,
I ~]JI UAyl 11~ 1, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, methylester, ethylester,
propylester, or mixtures thereof, as nonionic hydrophile moieties.
Among the quatemary ammonium cationic surfactants useful
herein are those of the general formula:
R1 ~ R3 +
N X-
- R2 ~ R4
wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 radicals comprise, i"de,c~":l~"~ly, sllhstit~ltPd
or uns~ 1' "' ItPd hydrocarbyl chains of from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms,
or a hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms and c~, ILdil ,i"~
one or more aromatic, ether, ester, amido, or amino moieties present as
substituents or as linkages in the radical chain, wherein at least one of
the R1-R4 radicals wntains one or more hydrophilic moieties selected
from alkoxy (preferably C1-C3 alkoxy), polyoxyalkylene (preferably C1-C3
.
WO 9S/17880 ~ 2 ~ 8 PCT/U594/14289
.
_9 _
polyoxyalkylene), alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, alkylester, and culllbilldliulls
thereûf. Preferably, the cationic uu, ,.li~iu"i"~ surfactant contains from 2 to
abûut 10 nonionic hydrophile moieties located within the above stated
ranges. For purposes herein, each hydrophilic amido, alkoxy,
hydroxyalkyl, alkylester, alkylamido or other unit is cu"~ ed to be a
distinct nonionic IlJJlup~ moiety. X is a soluble salt forming anion
preferably selected from halogen (especially chlorine), acetate,
p~loa,ul Id~, nitrate, sulfonate, and alkyl sulfate radicals.
Preferred quaternary ammonium salt surfactants include those of
the formula
Z +
I
CH3(CH2)n -cH2 - N (CH2CH20)XH X-
I
( CH2CH20)yH
wherein n is from 8-28, preferably 16, x+y = 2 to about 15. Z is a short
chain alkyl, preferably a C1-C3 alkyl, more preferably methyl, and X is a
water soluble salt forming anion (e.g., Cl, sulfate, etc.)
Other preferred quaternary ammonium salt surfactants include
those of the formula
Z1
Il l 11
R"- CNH(-CH2-)m N - (-CH2-)n-NHCR X-
Z2
wherein Z1 and Z2 are, i"depelld~nLly, s~ Ihstitl ItPd or uns~ Ihstit~
hydrocarbyls, and, preferably, Z1 is an alkyl, preferably a C1-C3 alkyl,
more preferably methyl, and Z2 is a short chain hydroxyalkyl, preferably
hydroxymethyl or hydroxyethyl, n and m i"depel~d~ ly are integers from 2
to 4, inclusive, preferably from 2 to 3, inclusive, more preferably 2, R' and
R", i"dept:,ld~ , are 5~lhstitllt~d or uns~lhcti~ It~d hydrocarbyls,
... .. .. .. .. . .. _ . . .... _ . . .
WO 9~/17880 ~ ~L 7 9 2 i 8 PCT/US94/14289
-10-
preferably C12-C20 alkyl or alkenyl, and X is a soluble salt-forming anion
(e.g., sulfate, Cl, etc.).
Specific examples of preferred quaternary ammonium salts include
polyoxyethylene (2) stearyl methyl ammonium chloride, methyl bis
(hydluy~lldLt:d i " ..~ U~; Iyl) 2-hydroxyethyl ammonium methyl
sulfate, polyoxypropylene (9) diethyl methyl ammonium chloride,
tripolyoxyethylene (total PEG=1û) stearyl ammonium pllo~,ulldlc:, bis(N-
hydroxyethyl -2-oleyl i", ' ' ,ium chloride) polyethylene glycol (12), and
i,ùdod~cylbenzyl ~ lldlloldllll~lùl~klm chloride. Particularly preferred is
tricetyl methyl ammonium chloride ("TCMAC"), available Cu111~ "y
from Akzo-Chemie as ARQUAD-316 as a 90% suspension.
Another particularly preferred cationic surfactant is VARISOFT 110
(dil lJdl uy~ .. _, l lido~,;: ,yl hydroxyethylmonium methosulfate) .
The cationic polymer hair culldiliulli,lg agents are water soluble,
cationic organic polymers. The cationic polymers hereof will generally
have a weight average molecular weight which is at least about ~i,ûûO,
typically at least about 1û,000, and is less than about 10 million. The
cationic polymers will have cationic nitrogen-~,u,,ldi,,i,,g moieties such as
quaternary ammonium or cationic amino moieties, or a mixture thereof.
The cationic nitrogen~u"ldi"i"g moiety will be present generally as a
substituent, on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic hair
co, niitiu~ ~i"y polymers. Thus, the cationic polymer can comprise
cc,~cly."~l~, terpolymers, etc. of quaternary ammonium or cationic amine-
s~ ^c~ monomer units and other non-cationic units referred to herein
as spacer monomer units. Such polymers are known in the art, and a
variety can be found in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredlent Dictionary, 3rd
edition, edited by Estrin, Crosley, and Haynes (The Cosmetic, Toiletry,
and Fragrance Association, Inc., Wd~ IyiUI~, D.C., 1982).
Suitable cationic hair cull~itiu"i"y poiymers include, for example:
cu~Jcly~ of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methyl-i", ' ' ~m salt
(e.g., chloride salt) (referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic, Toiletry,
and Fragrance Association, "CTFA", as Polyquaternium-16), such as
those c~llllllell~ '`y available from BASF Wyandotte Corp. (Parsippany,
NJ, USA) under the LUVIQUAT tld~ d",e (e.g., LUVIQUAT FC 370);
copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethyld",i"o~li,yl methacrylate
(referred to in the industry by CTFA as Polyquatemium-11 ) such as those
CU111111e:1 1;3"y available from Gaf Corporation (Wayne, NJ, USA) under the
WO 9!i/17880 ~ ~ ~19 ~ 7 8 PCT/US9411~1289
, -11-
GAFQUAT ~d~elldllle (e.g., GAFQUAT 755N); polymeric quaternary
ammonium compounds such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride
(w"""t:,ui~:~y available from Rhone-Poulenc in their JAGUAR series);
cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-cu,-1~i"i"3 polymers, including, for
example, ui,llu~ ;" lly, ."",u"ium chloride homopolymer and
copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, referred
to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquatemium 6 and Polyquaternium 7,
l~a,u~u~iicly; and mineral acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homo- and
co-polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids haYing from 3 to 5 carbon
atoms, as described in U.S. Patent 4,009,256, illu~l,uulditld herein by
reference.
Other cationic polymers that can be used include polysac..l,d,id~
polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch
derivatives. Cationic cellulose as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted
with trimethyl ammonium s~ epoxide, referred to in the industry
(CTFA) as Polyquatemium 10, is available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison,
NJ, USA) in their Polymer JR and LR series of polymers, and from Union
Carbide Corp. (Danbury, Connecticut, USA) under their UCARE
POLYMER JR series of materials, e.g., UCARE POLYMER JR-30M, JR-
125 and JR-400. Another type of cationic cellulose includes the
polymeric quatemary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted
with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-s~hstitlltpd opoxide, referred to in the
industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available
from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) under the l,d i~"d",e Polymer
LM-200.
Organic hair cù" ii~ior,i"y agents can also be used as co, ,~i~iù, ,i"g
agents in the present shampoo ~,,,,I.oc;li~l,s. The organic hair
cu, Idi~iùr~i~ ,g materials hereof include liquids selected from the group
consisting of h~ ilUUdli~OIl oils and fatty esters. H~ iluwluull oils include
cyclic hy i, UCdl i u, ,s, straight chain aliphatic h~l~l Ul,dl i UI 15 (saturated or
unsaturated), and branched chain aiiphatic IIJ~iluudli ulla (saturated or
unsaturated). Straight chain h~l-llu-dli ~l) oils will preferably contain from
about 12 to about 19 carbon atoms, while branched chain hydluLdli OII
oils can and typically may contain higher numbers of carbon atoms. Also
e,~w",pdsaed herein are polymeric hy i,u.,d,uons of alkenyl IllullOIll~la,
such as C2-C6 alkenyl IllO~lulll~la. These polymers can be straight or
branched chain polymers. The straight chain polymers will typically be
WO 95/17880 217 9 2 7 8 PCT/US94114289
. --
-12-
relatively short in length, having a total number of carbon atoms as
described above for straight chain hy~ll U~.dl b ul 15 in general. The
branched chain polymers can have substantially higher chain length. The
number average molecular weight of such materials can vary widely, but
will typically be up to about 50û, preferably from about 2û0 to about 400,
more preferably from about 3û0 to about 35û. Specific examples of
suitable materials include mineral oil (preferred), paraffin oil, saturated
and unsaturated dodecane, saturated and unsaturated tridecane,
saturated and unsaturated l~LI ddeca~ ,e, saturated and unsaturated
p~l llad~udl ,e, saturated and unsaturated h~dd~,dl)e, and mixtures
thereof. Branched-chain isomers of these compounds, as well as of
higher chain length hy~l UUdl UUI)S, can also be used. Exemplary
branched-chain isomers are highly branched saturated or unsaturated
alkanes, such as the permethyl-sllhst~ tPd isomers, e.3., the permethyl-
51 Ihstitl ItPd isomers of hexddeca"e and eicosane, such as 2, 2, 4, 4, 6, 6,
8, 8-dimethyl-10-methylundecane and 2, 2, 4, 4, 6, 6-dimethyl-8-
,,,_;~r,;l,,u,,dne, sold by Permethyl Corporation. Polymeric II,~'dlUL.dlLJUIl
oils are also useful cun~ iu"i"y agents. A preferred h~dl UI,dl L)UI~ polymer
is polybutene, such as the cu,uuly~ l of isobutylene and butene; a
w~ ui.;l'y available materiai of this type is Indopol L-14 polybutene
from Amoco Chemical Co. (Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.). Other polymeric
,u, Idi~iul 1~l :, can include polyisoprene, polybutadiene, and other
llydlucdlLul~ polymers of C4 to C12 straight and branched chain, mono-
and di- unsaturated aliphatic II~u~ lull,e:, ~, and derivatives thereof.
The fatty esters useful as cul)diliu, ~i"y agents are ~,1 Idl dU~ d by
having at least 10 carbon atoms, and include esters with hydrocarbyl
chains derived from fatty acids or alcohols, e.g., mono-esters, polyhydric
alcohol esters, and di- and tri-carboxylic acid esters. The hydrocarbyl
radicals of the fatty esters hereof can also include or have covalently
bonded thereto other .;u",ydli~le fu"~iol, ' s, such as amides and
alkoxy moieties (e.g., ethoxy or ether linkages, etc.).
Other suitable cu~niiliùni~y agents for use in the present shampoo
cu,,,~,usiliu,~s include water insoluble, nonvolatile silicone hair
cor,.li~io"i"y agents. The silicone co"diiiur,i"9 agent will comprise â
silicone fluid and can also comprise other illylc:.li~lll~, such as a silicone
resin to enhance silicone fluid deposition effficiency or enhance
~lùsai,,ess of the hair (especially when high refractive index, e.g. above
_ .. _ _ _ _ .... . . .. ........ .. ... _ .. _ .. _
~ WO 95/17880 2 ~ ~ ~ 2 7 8 Pcrnrsg4/l4289
~-13-
about 1.46, silicone cu,,diliu,,i,,g agents are used, e.g. highly phenylated
silicones).
The silicone hair ccll.liliùllillg agent may also comprise volatile
silicone cu",,uol~e"l~. Typically, if volatile silicones are present, it will beincidental to their use as a solvent or carrier for cc."""~" "y available
forms of nonvolatile silicone materials i"yl~ "l:,, such as silicone gums
and resins.
The silicone hair ,,ull.litiu"i"y agent cu,,,uo,~,,l will generally be
used in the shampoo ccilll,uosiliù,~s hereof at levels of from about .05% to
about 10% by weight of the cu,,,,uu:,iLiu,,, preferably from about 0.1% to
about 8%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 5%, most preferably
from about 0.1% to about 4%.
One type of silicone fluid that can be used herein is a silicone oil.
The term "silicone oil" shall mean flowable silicone materials having a
viscosity of less than 1,000,000 c~ Luh~s at 25C. Generally, the
viscosity of the fluid will be between about 5 and 1,000,000 Ctll Itialùhes at
25C, preferably between about 10 and about 100,000. Suitable silicone
oils include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl
siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Other
insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids having hair col,dilio"i"g properties
can also be used.
More particularly silicone oils hereof include polyalkyl or polyaryl
siloxanes with the following structure: _
x ~ ~
R -- S- -- O -- S- - O - S - R
~ X
wherein R is aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl, or aryl, R can be
511h5titlltc~d or urlcllhstitll ~, and x is an integer from 1 to about 8,000.
Suitable urlcl ~hsti' ~t~d R groups include alkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryl, arylalkyl,arylalkenyl, alkamino, and ether-sl Ihst~ , hydroxyl-cl lhstit~ ItPr~, and
halogen-sllhstitl~t~d aliphatic and aryl groups. Suitable R groups also
include cationic amines and quaternary ammonium groups.
The aliphatic or aryl groups s~ '- ' on the siloxane chain may
have any structure as long as the resulting silicones remain fluid at room
temperature, are h~lu,ul-obic, are neither irritating, toxic nor otherwise
harmful when applied to the hair, are CCilll~Jdli~le! with the other
culllluul~ of the .,ulllJcJsiliu", are ull~",ica'ly stable under normal use
WO 95/17880 2~ 2 7 8 PCT/US94/14289
-14-
and storage culldilio,~s, are insoluble in the cu,,,,uu~ iu,,, and are capable
of being deposited on and, of cu"di~ioni"3, the hair.
The two R groups on the silicon atom of each ",ù"ùll,e,i-. silicone
unit may represent the same group or different groups. Preferably, the
two R groups represent the same group.
Preferred alkyl and alkenyl substituents are C1-Cs alkyls and
alkenyls, more preferably from C1-C4, most preferably from C1-C2. The
aliphatic portions of other alkyl-, alkenyl-, or alkynyl-~"Ldi";"g groups
(such as alkoxy, alkaryl, and alkamino) can be straight or branched
chains and preferably have from one to five carbon atoms, more
preferably from one to four carbon atoms, even more preferably from one
to three carbon atoms, most preferably from one to two carbon atoms. As
discussed above, the R substituents hereof can also contain amino
f~, ~uliun~ ~ ~r~ e.g. alkamino groups, which can be primary, secondary or
tertiary amines or quatemary ammonium. These include mono-, di- and
tri- alkylamino and alkoxyamino groups wherein the aliphatic portion chain
length is preferably as described above. The R substituents can also be
Q,I ' "' It.~d with other groups, such as halogens (e.g. chloride, fluoride,
and bromide), lldlugelld~d aliphatic or aryl groups, and hydroxy (e.g.
hydroxy Qllh~titlltPd aliphatic groups). Suitable l~alu~e"d~d R groups
could include, for example, tri-l IdlU~el~d~t~d (preferably fluoro) alkyl groupssuch as -R1-C(F)3, wherein R1 is C1-C3 alkyl. Examples of such
polysiloxanes include polymethyl -3,3,3 trifluu, uu, u~uy; ' . ,~.
The nonvolatile polyalkylsiloxane oils that may be used include, for
example, polydimethylsilu,~d, ,es. These siloxanes are available, for
example, from the General Electric Company in their Viscasil R and SF 96
series, and from Dow Coming in their Dow Corning 200 series.
Polydimethylsiloxane oil is also known as hli",l;;,icu"e" oil.
The polyalkylaryl siloxane oils that may be used, also include, for
example, polymethylphenylsilo.~d"es. These siloxanes are available, for
example, from the General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl
fluid or from Dow Corning as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid.
The polyether siloxane cu,uoly~ that may be used include, for
example, a polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane (e.g., Dow
Coming DC-1248) although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide
and propylene oxide may also be used.
_ _ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ _ ,, ,, ,, . ,,, . ,, ,, _ . . _ =
~17~278
WO 95/17880 = ~ . , PCT/13~;94/14289
- --1 5--
Another silicone fluid that can be especially useful in the silicone
cw, ~ditiùl ,i, Ig agents is insoluble silicone gum. The term "silicone gum", asused herein, means polyu, ~,dl lOailUAdl ~e materials having a viscosity at 25
C of greater than or equal to 1 ,ûûû,ûûû Ct:l llialuh~s. Silicone gums are
described by Petrarch and others including U.S. Patent 4,152,416, Spitzer
et al., isâued May 1, 1979 and Noll, Walter, Chemistry and Technology of
Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968. Also cl~a~,liLillg silicone
gums are General Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30,
SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76. All of these described ,~rt7,~",.es are incor-
porated herein by reference. The "silicone gums" will typically have a
mass molecular weight in excess of about 2ûO,OûO, generally between
about 2ûû,ûûû and about 1,0ûO,ûOû. Specific examples include
polydimethy~ , (pOIydimethylsiluAd"e) (methylvinylsiloxane)
copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (diphenyl
siloxane)(methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and mixtures thereof.
Polydimethyls;lûAd"e gum is also known as "di~ l lic~l lt~" gum.
Preferably the silicone hair wl,diliùllil,9 agent comprises a mixture
of a polydimethylsiloxane gum, having a viscosity greater than about
1,ûOO,OûO ut:lllialùh~s and polydimethy: ' ,e oil having a viscosity of
from about 1û celltial~Jkes to about 1ûO,000 c~ ialuh~s, wherein the ratio
of gum to fluid is from about 30:70 to about 70:30, preferably from about
40:60 to about 60:40.
Silicone hair ,oll~iliullill9 agents are described in more detail in
U.S. Patent 5,100,657 to Ansher-Jackson et al., issued March 31, 1992,
at column 13, line 65 to column 18, line 47 (ill~,ul,uuldlt:d by reference
herein).
Further des~ ;o~s of many different kinds of wn~itiut,i"y agents
suitable for use in the present invention are found in the following patents
(i"co"uu,dlt:d by reference herein): U.S. Patent 5,100,657 to Ansher-
Jackson et al., issued March 31, 1992; U.S. Patent 5,106,609 to Bolich,
Jr. et al., issued April 21, 1992; and U.S. Patent 5,120,532 to Wells et al.,
issued June 9, 1992.
A preferred shar~poo w",,uusiliu" according to the present
invention includes a mixture of the following functional materials to be
deposited on the hair: guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride (preferably
at a level between about 0.05% and about 0.70% by weight), I ~J~I Ul,dl bUI~
oil (preferably at a level between about 0.10% and about 1.40% by
WO 95/17880 2 ~ 7 9 2 ~ 8 PCTIU594/14289
-16-
weight), and a blend of .li,,,~Ll,icu,~e oil and ~i"l~Llli,,ull~ gum (preferablyat a level between about 0.1% and about 4.0% by weight).
Al,lida,.~ rr Aaents
Antidandruff agents can also be used as functional materials in the
present shampoo cc"ll,uu~itiunS. Suitable antidandruff agents include, for
example, sulfur, selenium sulflde, and p~ iu~ le salts. Preferred are
heavy metal salts of 1-hydroxy-2-pylidi"_l;,io~le and selenium disulfide.
The antidandruff agents are preferably used at levels of about 0.1% to
about 5%, more preferably from about 0.3% to about 5%, by weight of the
shampoo ~,c" I ,~uu~itiuns.
Selenium sulfide is a staple item of commerce. It is generally
regarded as a compound having one mole of selenium and two moles of
sulfur. However, it may take the form of a cyclic structure, SexSy,
wherein x + y = 8. U.S. Patent 2,694,668, Baldwin et al., issued
November 16, 1954; U.S. Patent 3,152,û46, Kapral, issued October 6,
1984; U.S. Patent 4,û89,945, Brinkman, issued May 16, 1978; and U.S.
Patent 4,885,1û7, Wetzel, issued December 12, 1989, all ill~.ul~uld~d
herein by reference, disclose selenium disulfide as an active ingredient in
antidandruff shampoo c~" lpOailiol 1~. Selenium sulfide (selenium
disulfide) preferably has an average of less than about 15~, more
preferably less than about 1011. These measurements can be made using
a forward laser light scattering device (e.g., a Malvern 3600 instnument).
Preferred p~ Ll ,iù,~e antidandruff agents are water insoluble 1-
hydroxy-2-,uy.idi"~ ,iu"e salts. Preferred salts are formed from heavy
metals such as zinc, tin, cadmium, magnesium, aluminum and zirconium.
The most preferred metal herein is zinc. The most preferred active is the
zinc salt of 1-hydroxy-2-p~idi"_;l,i~, often referred to as zinc
py,i.li"_:: ,io~ (ZPT). Other cations such as sodium may also be suitable.
These types of antidandnJff agents are well known in the art. 1-hydroxy-
2-p~"idi"_;:,i~")e salts are disclosed for use in antidandruff all~lllpo~s in
U.S. Patent 2,809,971, Bernstein, issued October 15~ 1957; U.S. Patent
3,236,733, Karsten et al., issued February 22~ 1966; U.S. Patent
3,753,196 Parran~ issued August 21, 1973; U.S. Patent 3,761,418,
Parran~ issued September 25, 1973; U.S. Patent 4~345,080, Bolich~
issued august 17, 1982; U.S. Patent 4,323,683~ Bolich et al.~ issued April6, 1982; U.S. Patent 4,379,753, Bolich, issued April 12, 1983; and U.S.
Patent 4,47û,982~ Winkler~ issued September 11, 1984; all illuul,uoldLt:d
. _ _ _ _ _ . .. .. . _ .. _ .... . . . .. .
WO95117880 2~ 9~ PCT/US94114289
.
-17-
herein by reference. Particularly preferred are those 1-hydroxy-2-
py~ liOI ,e salts in platelet particle form, wherein the particles have an
average size of up to about 20 microns, preferably up to about 8 microns,
most preferably up to about 5 microns.
Hair Stvlinq A~ents
The functional materials used in the present shampoo
wlll~ailiul~S can also include one or more hair styling agents, which are
a class of materials which are designed to assist the user in having the
.I,d,,,,uùc,ed hair retain a particular shape. Preferably hair styling agents
are used at levels between about 0.2% and about 2û% by weight of the
shampoo culll,uoai~iulls, more preferably between about 2% and about
6%.
The hair styling agents can be selected from various resins and
gums. Preferred styling agents used herein comprise shampoo-
cullllJd~iLJle polymers which, in general, are homopolymers or copolymers
of hydlu,ollu~ic IllO~ la. Alternatively, hydrophilic polymers useful as
âtyling a3ents herein can be a copolymer of a hydrophilic monomer and a
h~-ll u,ul lobic monomer, or mixtures thereof. Examples of complex
polymer âystems are found in U.S. Patent 3,222,329 to Grosser et al.,
issued December 7, 1965; U.S. Patent 3,577,517 to Kubot et dl., issued
May 4, 1971; U.S. Patent 4,012,5û1 to Farber, issued March 15, 1977;
U.S. Patent 4,272,511 to Pd,udlltul~iou and Mondet, issued June 9, 1981;
and U.S. Patent 4,196,190, to Gehman et al., issued April 1, 1980.
Examples of block polymer systems are found in U.S. Patent 3,907, 984
to Calvert et al., issued September 23, 1975; U.S. Patent 4,030,512 to
Pd~dll~UlliUU et al., issued June 21, 1977; and U.S. Patent 4,283,384 to
Jacquet et al., issued August 11, 1981.
Preferred hair styling polymers for use as styling agents in the
present invention are disclosed in U.S. Patent 5,120,531 to Wells et al.,
issued June 9, 1992,~at column 2, line 35 to column 4, line 68; and
polymer solvents are disclosed at column 5, line 1 to column 6, line 16 (all
i~w~,uul ' ' by reference herein).
Water
The shampoo ~o~,uu:,iliul~s of the present invention will comprise
from about 35% to about 95%, by weight, water. Preferably the shampoo
uu~,uu~i~iu~ comprise from about 50% to about 85% water, and most
preferably from about 60% to about 80%.
WO 95/17880 PCT/US94/14289
2~ 7927~ --
-18-
The pH of the shampoo c~lllyù~iliulls is not critical and can be in
the range oF from about 2 to about 10, preferably from about 4 to about 8,
and more preferably from about 5.5 to about 8.
Optional 1~ a
A variety of other optional illyl~ a can also be used in the
present shampoo co."~.ùsi~iu--~. Such optional iny,t~ , include, for
example, preservatives âuch as benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl
paraben and i", ' ' " Iyl urea; quaternary polymeric foam boosters,
preferably from about 0.01% to about 0.2% by weight of the ~ ,uosi~io~ I,
fatty alcohols; block polymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide such
as Pluronic F88 offered by BASF Wyandotte; ammonium xylene
sulfonate; propylene glycol; polyvinyl alcohol; ethyl alcohol; pH adjusting
agents such as ",u"~ao.lium pllo~,u~ ,, disodium phospl,dlt:, citric acid,
succinic acid, ul~ u, ic acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, etc.;
sequestering agents such as ethyle,16Jid",i"e ~r-~ldactl~dL~ ("EDTA");
thickening agents such as sodium chloride; perfumes, and dyes. These
optional illyl~d;_.ll~ are typically used at levels of from about 0.01% to
about 10% of the ~u",ur,~ . This list oF optional illy,t:.lit:"~, is not
meant to be exclusive, and other optional ~,u~pùl~el ,~;. can be utilized.
The present shampoo l,u~,uosiLiùl~s optionally include a
suspending agent useful for suspending particulate antidandruff agents
(or other functional materials) and for lI,icht:l,i,lg the culll,uo:.iliùl,s, at a
level typically between about 0.5% and about 10% by weight of the
shampoo. Preferred crystalline suspending agents are long chain acyl
derivative materials and long chain amine oxides, as well as mixtures of
such materials. Included are ethylene glycol long chain esters, alkanol
amides of long chain fatty acids, long chain esters of long chain fatty
acids, glyceryl long chain esters, long chain esters of long chain
.,old",iJes, and long chain alkyl dimethyl amine oxides, and mixtures
thereof. Examples of crystalline suspending agents are described in U.S.
Patent 4,741,855, Grote and Russell, issued May 3, 1988, ill~ul,uùrd~e:d
herein by reference. Other optional suspending agents that can be
used include polymeric ll ~ickene, ~, such as w, I,ùxyY;. Iyl polymers.
Preferred ~,dlLJuxyv;"yl polymers are cupcl~."t~ of acrylic acid
clu:,alillh~d with polyallylsucrose as described in U.S. Patent 2,798,053,
Brown, issued July 2, 1957, ill~.ulyul_~,d herein by reference. These
... ... .... . .. ... . . . ..
WO 95117880 PCTIUS94114289
~ 792~
-19-
polymers are provided by B. F. Goodrich Company as, for example.
Carbopol 934, 940, 941, and 956.
Other materials can also be used as optional suspending agents
include those that can impart a gel-like viscosity to the co~ uosiliu,l, such
as water soluble ~r colloidally water soluble polymers like cellulose ethers
(e.g., hydroxyethyl cellulose), guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl
pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl guar gum, starch and starch derivatives, and
other Llli-,h~ , viscosity modifiers, gelling agents, etc. Mixtures of
these materials can also be used. Another type of suspending agent that
can be used is xanthan gum. Shampoo uulll,uoai~ s utilizing xanthan
gum as a suspending agent for the silicone hair c~"di~iol,i"~ cu",~u"~"L
are described in U.S. Patent 4,788,006, Bolich and Williams, issued
November 29, 1988, i~ ~uO~,~ uldLt:d herein by reference. Kelco, a Division
of Merck & Co., Inc. offers xanthan gum as KeltrolR. The xanthan gum,
when used as the silicone hair cu"d;.;." ,i"~ ~,U~,UUI ~t:"L suspending agent,
will typically be present in pourable, liquid formulations at a level of from
about 0.02% to about 3%, preferably from about 0.03% to about 1.2%, in
the u~,,,pcsiLiuns of the present invention.
The followins Examples further describe and d~lllull~lldL~ the
prefenred ~Illuo-li,,,~,,L~ within the scope of the present invention. The
Examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be
construed as limitations of the present invention as many variations
thereof are possible without departin~: from its spirit and scope.
WO 95~17880 PCT/US94/14289
21 792 78 -20-
EXAMPLES 1 4
Shampoo cul,l,uosiLiol1s of the present invention are prepared as
follows. The p~" ,e, ILdUl:S given are p~l udl ,Ld~u,es by weight of the
shampoo c~"",o~itiu"s.
ExamPie Number
C~"~n~ 1 2 3 4
Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate 6.6 2.5 2.3 3.5
Ammonium Lauryl (EO)3 Sulfate 12.1 15.0 12.8 8.4
Lauryl N-Methyl Glucamide 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.1
r~ Biend1 0.8 O.S 0.5 1.0
Guar Gum Derivative2 -- 0 2 -- --
0il3 _ 0.4
Fatty Alcohols -- -- 0.6 0.6
Ethylene Glycol Distcarate 1.s 1.s 2.0 1.5
Disodium EDTA o.1 o.1 o 1 o
~ ~ Phosphate and
Disodium Phosphate 0.4 0 4 0.4 0.4
Sodium Chloride 1.0 1.0 1.0 10
Color Solution o.1 o.1 o.1 o.1
Perfume Solution 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.0
water and Minors 74.7 ~.. 1 ~ 80.3
Totai 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
1 A 4û(gum)/60(oil) weight ratio blend of SE-76 ~i",.,l:,icol~e gum
available from General Electric Siiicones Division and a dil"~:~l"cu"e oil
having a viscosity of 350 ce,~lialukt:a.
2 Jaguar C-17, ~Id~elldllld for guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, a
cationic polymer available from Rhone-Poulenc (Cranbury, NJ, USA).
3 Indopol L-14 polybutene available from Amoco Chemical Co. (Chicago,
IL, USA).
The example uu,,,~uùsiliu,,~ hereof can be made by preparing in a
premix tank the following additions while mixing and heating to 72C:
a) Part of Ammonium Lauryl (EO)3 Sulfate
b) All of the Lauryl N-Methyl Glucamide
c) Part of the Water.
When the content reaches 72C, start adding:
d) Guar Gum Derivative
.. . = = . . = = = = . ... ..
WO 95/17880 P~TIUS94/14Z89
~179278
-21 -
e) Hy~, UUdl bUI I Oil
f) Fatty Alcohols
g) Disodium EDTA
h) Monosodium Pl luauhd~ and Disodium Phosphate
i) Ethylene Glycol Distearate
Mix for at least 30 minutes. After 30 minutes cool down the mixture to
d~ y 30C using a high shear mixer before passing through a
heat ~,~. l ,a~ , . Then add the following materials:
j) All of the Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate
k) The Remaining Part of the Ammonium Lauryl (EO)3 Sulfate
1) D;,,,e:~l,i.u,~e Blend
m) Sodium Chloride
n) Color Solution
o) Perfume Solution
p) Water snd Minors
The shampoo C~",uu~i~iO,ls are mild and provide high lathering
properties. Additionally the shampoo cu~uu~ iol~S provide high
cleuosi~iu" of the functional materials (the di~ u~e blend guar gum
derivative and hy~luudlbull oil).
