Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
218~162
-2-
T~e invention concerns a coating system for cement--
bound earth bg mesns of which surface damsges and cracks
are covered over and which can especiallg a~so be driven
over with ve~icles.
From tbe practice, coating systems are known which
serve the purpose of bridging over crac~s and damages
in concrete walling, wherebg, on the one hand, it is
prevented that such damages spread outand, on the other
hand, a smooth, crack-free surLace is ensured~ which
prevents a penetration of dirt, thawing salts, solvents
and atmospheric compone~ts. ~he surfacesof such coating
s~stems should preferablg be mechanically capable of
bearing a ~osd and especially permit driving o~er.
In the case of known coating systems, on t~e concrete
substrate tbere is usuallg applied a priming of organic
binding agents or of a cement-compatible synthetic
material and additive; tbere possiblg takes place an
additional smooth fil~ing in order to level out
unevennesses. On this priming there is then applied a
synthetic material lager in which, in order to increase
the tensile strengt~, fabrics or fleece of glass or
sgnthetic material fibres can additionally be intro-
duced. On this synthetic material layer is tben applied
a surface of a chemicall~ or mechanicallg stable
material with a high E-module, usuall~ of between
300G and lOOOO N/mm2. ThiS lager usually cOnsists of
an organic binding a~ent with inor~anic filling
2la4l62
--3--
materials which give rise to the hardness.
As organic binding agents, there are preferably
used two-component reaction sgntbetic material~ (EP,
EP-PU, PU, PMH, self-vulcanising rubber,. polyesters
etc.). As filling materials of the covering layer,
there are used quartz sand, corundum in suitable grain
size, whereby the hardness and non-skidding of the
surface layer is brought about (cf. EP O 475 OCO-Al,
GB 2 Q45 109 A, CH 659 813 A5, ~E ~8 ~8 ~20 Al).
Since the synthetic material layers adhere
compara~ivelg poorly to cement-bound surfaces, in these
documents it is suggested additionallg to roughen the
surfaces by brushing, sand-blasting or to provide with
borings and to apply special bondings (primers), which
makes this process expensive. Furthermore, the coating
s~stems are.themselves comparativ~ly expensive and,
for the bridging over of cracks, must be applied in
relatively thick lager because of their low mechanical
strength. The incorporation of fabrics or fleece for
the increasing of the transverse tensile strengtb is
also advsntageous.
Therefore, the task exists to fir,d a coating
system which is inexpe~sive and, above all, possesses
the strength necessary for driving over.
This task is solved according to the features of
the main claim and promoted bg the features of the
subsidiary claims.
2184~62
-4-
It appears to be surprising that a comparatively
hard 7ayer of preponderantly inorganic binding agents,
such as cement r Efa fillers etc., whicn contains, to
only a comparativel~ small extent, organic cement-
compatible polymers as additipnal binding agent andpossibly inorganic or organic filling materials, also
in the case of ~igh loading s~ow a sufficient strength
and do not break or crack so that such lagers can also
cover over crac~s and, in the case of driving over,
do not break.
This layer, designated as ground or floating layer,
usually consist of 5~ to 50% of the inorganic binding
agent, 5% to 60% of the organic po~gmers and G - 80%
of filling materials, Cement, Efa filler etc. is used
as inorganic binding agent. Aqueous dispersions of
acry~ates are especially used as organic polymers. As
filling materials, there can be used sand, s~one
chippings, slag meal, fly ash and possibly also finely
powdered organic materials,
In principle, the covering layer is made up of the
same products as the base lager but, for t~e increasing
of t~e s~rength, the proportion of the inorganic
binding agent is increased to 5% to 70% and the
proportion of the organic poI~mers reduced corres-
2~ po~dingIy to 3~ to 5C%. Furthermore, as filling
materials, there are contained 10~ to 70~ of hard
inorganic powders, such as guartz sand, corundum,
slag meal etc. In order particularly to make t~e
2 1 84 1 62
-5-
surfaces especially hard and robust, appropriate
coarse-grained filIing materials are additionally
sprinkled on the surfsce, whereby, besides an
especial hardness, there is also produced an increase
of the non-slipping on such earth.
For the application of t~e coating system according
to the invention, the substrate is cleaned from
contaminations, such as e.g. sand, dust, oil or grease
residues and loose mud layers or brittle parts, as well
10 as coloured coatings, bg means of rotating steel
brushes, rotators etc. Thereafter, the earth is made
matt moist, whereb~ a puddle formation is to be avoided~
In the case of very drg or very stron~ly absorhing
substrates, a priming is possiblg also to be used which
prevents an absorption o~ moisture from the floating
lager .
~ ement, polymer dispersion and additive materia~s
are mixed in the necessarg amounts and mixed with water
until 8 w~rkable mass results which is then spraged,
smootbed on or cOated on. ~be cement onl~ binds slowlg
at low temperatures and, below 4C, practically does
not bind so that, in the case of working up, temper-
atures o-f at least 8 - 10C, preferabIy room te~per-
atures, should prevail. In the case of extreme weather
conditions (strong wind, direct suns~inej, it can be
advantageous to cover over the finished layers with
foils until the hardening through in order to prevent
a premature drging out or to avoid a wasbing out by rain.
2184162
--6--
After h~dening through of the floating la~er, the
c~vering layer is also applied in tbe same way and
possibly sprinkled in the still moist state with
appropriate sand or corundum g~anulste~
The coating sgstems accordin~ to the invention are
hard and tough enougb in order to resist usual stressings
and also to be capable of being driven over. If desired,
however, in addition a fabric or fleece can also be
incorporated not onl~ into the bsse layer but also
into the covering layer for the strengthening, whereby
tben, in the usual way, first onlg about half of the
layer thickness is applied, the fabric laid thereon
and the remainder of the layer applied. The mixtures
according to the invention are usually adjusted to be
so pasty that they penetrate the fabric and bring about
a secure adhesion within the whole lager laminate.
