Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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1
PREDETERMINED CRACK JOINT RAIL
FIELD OF INVENTION
The invention relates to a predetermined crack joint
rail.
BACKGROUND TO INVENTION
When concreting elongated continuous wall sections,
cracks occur due to the shrinkage of the concrete, which cracks
can result in leakage of the wall. Therefore, in particular in
the case of walls against which water stands, at particular
points predetermined cracks are produced by introducing
elements, which reduce the wall cross-section. These cracks
are sealed off by crack producing elements, so that the
tightness of the wall is ensured.
In conventional manner joint sealing tubes are used
for producing such predetermined crack joints, which tubes
consist of a tubular shaped joint strip and a hard PVC
stiffening tube.
The cross-section of the wall is positively weakened
by mounting the joint sealing tube in the centre of a wall and
by simultaneous application of triangular strips on the inner
and outside. Thereby the shrinkage cracks are localized and
are sealed off by way of the joint strip.
In doing so the tubular shaped joint strip is welded
to a joint strip extending horizontally in the transition of
the floor slab to the wall so that a water impervious elastic
layer is created.
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._/
In this type of joint sealing tube it is disadvantageous that the joint
sealing
tube is not placed on the surface of the floor slab on which the wall is
concreted because otherwise the water can penetrate in longitudinal
direction of the joint sealing space.
s Furthermore, predetermined crack joint rails are known which are
constituted by plate shaped hollovii or solid elements with several
chambers extending in longitudinal direction. These rails have a particular
thickness in order to take up a swelling strip in a groove along a
longitudinal narrow side. The swelling strip is applied also at the narrow
side of the rail resting on the floor in order to create reliably a seal in
the
joint between the floor slab and the wall to be concreted. The swelling
sealing strip provided at the layer nan-ow side of the rail is to be joined
furthermore in longitudinal direction of the joint between the floor slab and
the swelling sealing strips extending to the wall to be concreted whereby a
~s conventional seal of the overall joint strip region is achieved by means of
.
the swelling strip.
The rails with hollow chambers used for this purpose are made of plastics
material. Furthermore, either very thick swelling strips are to be used in
order to ensure a reliable sealing, which in tum increases the cost of the
ao predetermined crack joint rail, or only a limited sealing effect is
allowed,
which is not sufficient at localised high water pressures. A subsequent
sealing off of such predetermined crack joints sealed off with swelling strips
can be executed either only from the outside or it is extremely costly if
subsequent sealing is to be performed at the rail. The concrete wall then
2s .has to be broken open or it can be sealed off locally by way of an
outwardly
applied but very expensive point injection process.
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y
The swelling strip used thereby swells under water influence. The swelling
agent is a hydrophilic mass, which is embedded in a carrier material,
mostly chloroprene rubber. The carrier material in particular has the object
to provide stability and elasticity to the swelling agent. The hydrophilic
s (water sucking) components absorb water molecules and thereby increase
its volume for 1,5 to about 4 times. Thereby a pressure of up to 6,5 bar is
created, which fills the surrounding hollow spaces and is supposed to make
these spaces water impervious. When using such swelling agents care
has to be taken that they do not expand suddenly but expand slowly over
to hours or days and consequently can only be used to a limited extend in
regions alternating with wet and dry periods. A clear advantage of swelling
agents, this being the reason why they are often applied, is in the
possibility to seal ofP joints between different materials reliably, as for
example concrete/plastics material, concrete/iron etc.
is Furthermore, sealing arrangements for sealing a joint e~dsting between two
concrete sections are known, which form a channel through which an
injection agent can be injected into the joint region under high pressure and
seals it off.
In the CH-PS 600 077 a tube is described, which consists of a support
ao body in the form of a coil spring, which is surrounded by a first, woven
tube,
which in turn is encased by an outer, net type porous tube. After mounting
this sealing arrangement and concreting of the second concrete section, a
sealing material is pressed into the tubular sealing arrangement, which
should engage at the defective positions of the concrete. Such a tube
as involves an arrangement which is relatively complicated to produce.
' CA 02193995 1996-12-24
.In order to protect such porous tubes better against blocking by concrete
slimes, it is suggested in DE 83 35 231 U1 to introduce a non-woven
material between the support body in the form of a coil spring and the outer
net-shaped tube, which is liquid pervious but impervious for fine concrete
s particles.
Finally from the DE 86 OS 396 U1 a further sealing an-angement in the form
of an injection tube is known, which, on the one hand, intends removing the
disadvantages in positioning the tube by way of the tubular bodies and, on
the other hand, suggests a predetermined crack position in longitudinal
to direction of the tubular body, by way of which the sealing material has to
emerge into the concrete.
The construction of these tubes becomes more complicated and expensive
with continuous development, whereby also their costs increase.
Additionally there is the danger that these tubes are squeezed together
is during concreting so that the injection of injection material is made
difficult.
Therefore a sealing arrangement is suggested in the EP 0 418 699 A1,
which consists of a profile open in cross section, which is mounted with the
free longitudinal edges of its side regions on a concrete surface so that a
through-flow channel is formed for a sealing material between the profile
ao and the concrete surface. The sealing material is introduced under high
pressure into the throughflow channel and emerges between the free
longitudinal edges of the profile and the concrete surface at defective
positions of the concrete. A further sealing arrangement described therein
consists of a body, which consists of a foam material or foam strip having
as through pores with rectangular cross-section, which is mounted on the
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concrete surface so that the through-flow channel for a sealing
material is formed by the body itself, whereby the sealing
material emerges out of the throughflow pores into the joint
region.
5 Although the sealing arrangement does represent a
considerable advance as compared to the conventional tubes, it
is not intended for use in predetermined crack joints because a
one sided open profile is to be applied on an already completed
concrete surface of the floor slab for forming the injection
channel. In the production of predetermined crack joints,
however, the arrangement producing the predetermined crack
joint is concreted on both sides so that such a profile open on
one side would be filled with concrete.
From the DE 93 20 134 U1 an injectable crack joint
rail for sealing predetermined crack joints is known. This
crack joint rail is provided with ribs arranged on both sides
and consists of an extruded profiled rod, which has at least
one integrated through channel in the centre part in
longitudinal direction. This through channel has a slot
extending in longitudinal direction as outlet opening, which is
closed off tightly by way of an embedded sealing strip. The
sealing strip opens in valve fashion on injection of an
injection liquid so that the injection liquid can escape from
the injection channel.
As compared to a conventional crack joint without an
injection channel, this crack joint rail has a clear cost
advantage in the case of a subsequent sealing off. However,
the embodiment of the injection channel is expensive because a
hollow channel is provided, which is to be closed off by way of
a spatially shaped sealing strip. Two injection channels are
necessary for sealing off on both sides whereby although the
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reliability is increased during the sealing procedure, the cost
of such a crack joint rail is correspondingly increased.
A more simple variation of a crack joint rail with
seal on both sides is apparent from the DE 41 40 010 A1, in
particular from Figure 4. This crack joint rail is provided on
the one side with an injection channel and has a swelling strip
on the side facing away from the injection channel. The
injection channel and the swelling strip thus are arranged back
to back at the crack joint rail.
Furthermore, in the DE 93 15 974 Ul a joint plate is
described, to which an injection tube is attached. The
injection tube lies approximately in the centre of an
uninterrupted joint plate wall and is located in a free space
between the joint plate wall and a projection wall having an
interruption.
The state of the art can be summarised thereby that
there are crack joint rails for sealing of predetermined crack
joints, these also guarantee a reliable sealing off, in
particular if they have injection channels on both sides. If
the embodiment of the crack joint rails is simplified, then
although thereby the costs of the crack joint rails are
decreased, however, the reliability, by means of which the
predetermined crack joint is to be sealed off, decreases.
There are a number of cost favourable, simple
embodiments of crack joint rails, however they only have one
injection channel on one side and therewith are sealed off only
on the one side by means of an injection agent.
This multiple of simple embodiments shows that a
considerable need exists for simple, cost favourable crack
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joint rails for predetermined crack joints, which
simultaneously provide a high reliability sealed by means of an
injection agent.
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The invention therefore has an object to create a
simple, cost favourable arrangement for producing predetermined
crack joints, which al7Lows a reliable sealing of a
predetermined crack jo~_nt, which sealing also can be performed
subsequently.
In sumrr~ary, this invention seeks to provide
predetermined crack joint rail for construction into a wall to
be concreted, the predetermined crack joint rail being formed
of a substantially strip shaped rail slat with an arrangement
forming an injection channel applied thereto, which extends
along the length of thE: rail slat, wherein the rail slat has a
perforation in a contacts region of the arrangement forming an
injection channel, so that injected sealing material can
penetrate through the rail slat.
An arrangement is created in cost favourable and
simple manner and. type, which is suitable for producing a
predetermined crack and which allows a subsequent sealing off
by injection of a sealing material into the injection channel
by providing a strip shaped rail slat with an arrangement
forming an injection criannel applied 'thereto, which extends
along the overall length of the rail slat.
Because a perforation is introduced in the rail slat
in the contact region of the arrangement forming an injection
channel, injection agent can be introduced in the neighbouring
concrete sections by mE:ans of the predetermined crack joint on
both sides of the joint: slat in accordance with the invention
even if the joint rail has only a single injection channel.
Hereby the reliability of a subsequent sealing off by way of a
simple manner of operation is considerably increased.
27686-3 CA 02193995 2000-08-08
8a
Furthermore i:he perforation allows in a cracked joint
with two injection channels, which are arranged on opposite
sides in the region of the perforation, that the cross section
surfaces of the injection channels are decreased, because the
two injection channels communicate via the perforation, and a
local functional hindering of a channel by way of the
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parallel extending injection channel arranged on the other side
of the joint slat can
be compensated for.
Advantage ous embodiments of the invention are evident
from the descriptio n and the subsidiary claims.
The inven tion is described in more detail by way of
example with refere nce to the drawings. It is shown in:
Fig. 1 a first embodiment of the arrangement in
accordance with the invention;
Fig. 2 the first embodiment of Figure 1 in cross-
section;
Fig. 3 a second embodiment of the arrangement in
accordance with the invention;
Fig. 4 the second embodiment of Figure 3 in cross-
section;
Fig. 5 an embodiment with swelling strip;
Fig. 6 the embodiment of Figure 5 in cross-
section;
Fig. 7 an embodiment with hollow injection
channel;
Fig. 8 the embodiment of Figure 7 in cross-
section;
Fig. 9 a bore for injection of the sealing
material;
Fig. 10 an embodiment with injection tube;
Fig. 11 the embodiment of Figure 10 in cross-
section; and
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A
to
Fig.12 a cross-section through a further embodiment of a
predetermined crack joint rail in accordance with the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The predetermined crack joint rail in accordance with the invention consists
s of a substantially strip-shaped rail slat 1 and an an-angement forming an
injection channel applied thereto, which arrangement extends along the
overall length of the rail slat 1.
The rail slat 1 preferably is formed of a type of metal sheet, that is it
consists of a thin walled, flat material, which has a particular inherent
to stiffness, such as metal sheet. The strip-shaped ,rail slat 1 has two long
side elongated edges 1 a, an upper and a lower transverse edge 1 b and
two rail slat surtaces 1c limited by the edges 1a, 1b.
The arrangement forming the injection channel 2 can be a conventional
injection channel or it can consist of a sealing arrangement with a profile,
is which is open in cross-section and is hood shaped, which arrangement is
arranged to be seated on the rail slat surface 1 c by way of its free
longitudinal edges of its side regions. A foam strip 12 of an open cell or
open pore foam material can be formed particularly advantageously as an
arrangement for forming an injection channel 2.
ao The rail slat 1 preferably has a width which is somewhat smaller than the
wall thickness ofi the wall to be concreted so that it can be concreted in at
a
distance of one to some centimetres from the wall outer surface. The
cross-section also can be reduced in combination with triangular strips
applied from the outside onto the wall surface. The length of the rail slat 1
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11
should con-espond appro~amately to the height of the wall so that the rail
slat 1 can be erected, prior to concreting, on the floor section 3 of a floor
slab and then extends up to the upper limit of the wall to be concreted.
The foam material 12 preferably has a somewhat rectangular cross-section
s in that its cross-sectional surtace is selected such that the foam material
is
not pressed together by the abutting concrete so as to be impervious to
injection material, and it should not be too large to keep the volume small,
which is to be filled with the injection material. In the case of infection
channels with a too large cross-section there is the additional danger that,
to in case of greater non-tightness, sufficient pressure for sealing cannot be
built-up during injection of the sealing material.
The foam material 12 preferably is an open cell foam material, which
consists of a stiff plastics material so that the foam material 12 has a
particular inherent stiffness.
is The rail slat 1 preferably is provided with a perforation 5 in the contact
region with the foam material 12 so that the injected sealing material can
pass through the rail slat 1.
Foam strips 12 can be provided on both sides of the rail slat 1 or both rail
slat surfaces 1 c so that injection channels 2 are formed on both sides of the
ao metal sheet 1. The two foam material strips 12 do not have to be in
communication but a perforation 5 in the metal sheet 1 between the foam
material strips allows a pressure compensation during injection of the
sealing materials and makes it possible to select the cross-sectional
surface or the thickness of the foam material strip to be smaller because a
zs local functional restriction of a foam material strip 12 by the parallel
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a 12
extending channel can be compensated for on the other side of the metal
sheet. The foam material strips 12 preferably are arranged centrally on the
rail slat surfaces 1 c.
It is ensured that the two water paths along the two rail slat surfaces 1c are
s sealed off both by way of the provision of the perforation 5 and a single
foam material strip as an-angement for forming an injection channel 2, as
well as by providing two foam material strips 12.
The arrangement forming the injection channels 2 also can be arranged at
one of the side longitudinal edges 1 a of the rail slat 1, however in doing so
io the injection channel 2, which is formed, is located close to the wall
surtace
so that the danger e~dsts that the injection material emerges along a short
path out of the wall so that no pressure can be built-up to ensure the
tightness.
The rail slat 1 is a thin walled element, which can be made of plastics
is material or of metal. The connection between the foam strip 12 and the rail
slat 1 preferably is produced by glueing.
The rail slat 1 is either a plate shaped element (Figures 1 and 2) or it also
can be provided with a contour line (Figures 3 and 4), in order to receive
the foam material strip 12 in it partially or completely. The rail slat 1 has
a
2o greater stiffness due to its contour line and offers a protection against
the
pressure of the wall on the adjacent abutting concrete against the wall 4 to
the foam material, because the side flanks or the side surfaces 8 of the
foam material and one of the two surfaces 9 of the foam material 12
extending parallel to the joint are surrounded by the metal sheet 1. The
2s region of the metal sheet 1 surrounding the foam material 12 can have a
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perforation 5, which can be provided at one or at all three side walls
surrounding the foam material 12.
The assembly of the predetermined crack joint rail in accordance with the
invention is pertormed by applying the predetermined crack joint rail in a
s shuttering region of a wall to be concreted. The predetermined crack joint
rail thereby is erected on the concrete slab, on which the wall is to be
concreted, whereby the rail slat 1 stands substantially vertically to the side
surfaces of the wall 4 to be concreted. After the concreting procedure the
sealing material is injected into the sealing channel formed by the foam
to material strips 12, which then completely fills the predetermined crack
joint
formed during the curing procedure. The injection of the sealing material
can then take place if a further section 11 is to be applied at the wall 4
with
the predetermined crack joint rail, which section seals the injection channel
2 to above. The injection channel 2 is then drilled from the outside the
is sealing material is injected (Figure 9) through the bore 10. If the foam
material strip 12 terminates open to above, then an injection tube can be
placed above at the foam material strip whereby the open end of the foam
material strip 2 is to be sealed off about the injection tube so that the
injection material can be injected under pressure.
ao The predetermined crack joint rail in accordance with the invention also
can
be used in advantageous manner together with a rail slat 1 and a foam
material strip 12, applied thereto, in combination with a swelling strip 6
(Figures 5 and 6). The swelling strip 6 is to be applied at least on one side,
preferably on both sides of the rail slat 1 or at the side longitudinal edge 1
a
as of the rail slat 1 along the overall length of the rail slat. After
completion, it
is shown whether the swelling strip ensures the required tightness in the
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a' ' , 14
predetermined crack joint 7. If this is the case, then a subsequent injection
of a sealing material need not be performed. If, however, subsequent non-
tightness should result, then by boring of the injection channel 2 sealing
material can be injected at any time and the leaky predetermined crack
s joint can be sealed off. The subsequent injection of sealing material takes
place by boring into the injection channel and by the injection of the sealing
material. By using swelling strips thus no risks are created because
subsequently the tightness can be re-created. This also allows the use of
swelling strips with relatively smaller thickness, which in most cases
to provide sufficient tightness. Thus the costs of using relatively expensive
swelling strips are held in limits, which, in combination with the foam
material which is cost favourable in comparison to the swelling strip,
provides an overall economic solution of the problem without that the risk of
a non-tight predetermined crack joint e>dsts, which subsequently cannot be
is sealed off.
The above described arrangements of the foam material strip 12, the
arrangement of the foam material strips in relation to the swelling strips 6
or in relation to the perforation 5 simultaneously can be applied with other
arrangements forming an injection channel 2.
ao A further advantageous embodiment is a rail slat 1, which has a hollow
injection channel 2, which is surrounded completely by two side and one
front and rear wall 16, 17, 18, 19 of the rail slat 1, and releases the
sealing
material via a perforation 5 to the outside (Figures 7 and 8). The hollow
injection channel 2 can be filled either with a foam material strip 12 or the
~s openings of the pertoration 5 can be sealed off against the entry of
concrete during the concreting procedure by a fleece or foam material or
CA 02193995 1996-12-24
similar, which is pervious to the sealing material. The openings of the
perforation 5 also can be applied on the side surfaces of the injection
channel 2, whereby their an-angement and dimension can be selected
according to the sealing material used and the concrete used. However, it
s is essential that sealing material can emerge on both sides of the rail slat
1 so that it is ensured that, by way of the injection procedure, the
predetermined crack joint is fully sealed off.
A conventional injection tube also can be used as the an-angement forming
the injection channel in place of a foam material strip. When using a
io conventional injection tube with circular cross-section, preferably two
injection tubes are used on both sides of the rail slat or the holes of the
pertoration are formed as oblong holes so that care is taken to have
sufficient throughflow of the sealing material through the rail slat.
If only a single injection tube 13 is applied at a rail slat 1 with
perforation,
is then preferably also an injection tube can be used, 'which consists of a
tubular section 14 and a strip shaped base 15, whereby the base 15 is
applied on the region of the perforation 5 of the rail slat 1 (Figures 10 and
11 ). The base 15 is provided with eat openings for the sealing material.
This is new as compared to conventional injection tubes with base strip, in
Zo which the base strip only serves as fi~ang element for easy application of
the injection tube at the region to be sealed off. By way of such an
arrangement it is ensured that the sealing material, which is injected into
the injection tube 13, emerges both out of the tube into the concrete region
surrounding the tube as well as via the base strip 15, which preferably
as consists of the same material as the tube section 14, and through the holes
CA 02193995 1996-12-24
' 16
'.
of the perforation 5 onto the other side of the rail slat 1 in order to seal
off
defective positions occurring there.
In Figure 12 a further embodiment of the predetermined crack joint rail in
accordance with the invention is shown in cross-section.
s The rail slat 1 of this predetermined crack joint rail is symmetrically
formed
about a transverse central a~as 20. The an-angement for forming an
injection channel is located at the transverse centre of the rail slat 1,
which
arrangement is sub-divided into three regions, a central hollow channel 2a
and two side foam material strips 12, each of which forms respectively a
to partial region 2b of the injection channel. The hollow channel 2a has a
rectangular cross-section and is limited by two side walls 21 and a roof and
floor wall 22, 23. The side walls 21 are arranged spaced apart at a smaller
distance from each other, which corresponds to about the material
thickness of the metal sheet type material of the rail slat 1. .
is The roof and floor wall 22, 23 extends on both sides beyond the side walls
21, so that the roof and floor wall 22, 23 form grooves, together with the
side walls 21, which grooves are open on the side, for receiving the foam
material strips. Openings for a perforation 5 are provided in both side walls
21 so that the hollow channel 2a is in communication with the foam
ao material strips 12. The openings can be arranged to be staggered in the
side walls 21, so that the cross-section of the rail slat 1, shown in Figure
12, extends only in the right hand side wall 21 through an opening of the
perforation 5.
The rail slat 1 is provided with stiffening webs 24 for stiffening the
as predetermined crack joint rail, which webs are respectively formed by
CA 02193995 1996-12-24
17
joining perpendicularly to the rail slat surfaces 1c and extend across the
overall length of the rail slat 1.
The stiffening webs 24 also cause an extension of the water path in a
predetermined crack, so that thereby not only the stiffness of the rail slat 1
s is improved but also a better tightness is achieved.
